Professional Documents
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Jellyn
Jellyn
Jellyn
Nasugbu, Batangas
BIT-CPET III
Prepared for:
Mr. Gregorio Apacible
Professor
• Bienvenido N. Santos
• Carlos P. Romulo
• Nick Joacquin
• Jose Garcia Villa
• Francisco Arcellana
Bienvenido N. Santos
Santos received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of the Philippines where he
first studied creative writing under the tutelage of pioneering fictionist Paz Marquez Benitez.
Santos was a government pensionado (scholar) to the United States at the University of
Illinois, Columbia University, and Harvard University in 1941. During World War II, he
served with the Philippine government in exile under President Manuel L. Quezon in
Washington, D.C. together with the playwright Severino Montano and Philippine National
Artist Jose Garcia Villa.
Santos received honorary doctorate degrees in Humanities and Letters from the University of
the Philippines, and Bicol University (Legazpi City, Albay) in 1981. He was also a Professor of
Creative Writing and Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Wichita State University
(Kansas, U.S.A.) from 1973 to 1982. Santos also received an honorary doctorate degree in
Humane Letters from Wichita State University in 1982. After his retirement, Santos became
Visiting Writer and Artist at De La Salle University in Manila.
De La Salle University honored Bienvenido Santos by renaming its Creative Writing Center
after him. Santos received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of the Philippines
where he first studied creative writing under the tutelage of pioneering fictionist Paz Marquez
Benitez. Santos was a government pensionado (scholar) to the United States at the University
of Illinois, Columbia University, and Harvard University in 1941. During World War II, he
served with the Philippine government in exile under President Manuel L. Quezon in
Washington, D.C. together with the playwright Severino Montano and Philippine National
Artist Jose Garcia Villa.
Santos received honorary doctorate degrees in Humanities and Letters from the University of
the Philippines, and Bicol University (Legazpi City, Albay) in 1981. He was also a Professor of
Creative Writing and Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Wichita State University
(Kansas, U.S.A.) from 1973 to 1982. Santos also received an honorary doctorate degree in
Humane Letters from Wichita State University in 1982. After his retirement, Santos became
Visiting Writer and Artist at De La Salle University in Manila.
De La Salle University honored Bienvenido Santos by renaming its Creative Writing Center
after him.an
Works
Novels
Poetry
Nonfiction
Sample Work
Gift Bearers
With seed await the caring day with hope, speak on dull voices.
Carlos Peña Rómulo (14 January 1899, Camiling, Tarlac, Philippines – 15 December 1985, Manila,
Philippines) was a Filipino diplomat, politician, soldier, journalist and author. He was a reporter at 16,
a newspaper editor by the age of 20, and a publisher at 32. He is the co-founder of the Boy Scouts of
the Philippines.
He graduated from the University of the Philippines, (BA) 1918; Columbia University, New York City,
(MA), 1921, Received from Notre Dame University, Indiana, Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa), 1935;
Rollins College, Florida, Doctor of Literature (Honoris Causa), 1946; University of Athens, Greece,
Doctor of Philosophy (Honoris Causa), 1948, University of the Philippines, Honorary Doctor of 'Laws,
April 1949, Harvard University, Doctor of Laws Honoris Causa, 1950.
Rómulo served eight Philippine presidents from President Manuel L. Quezon to President Ferdinand
Marcos as a cabinet member or as the country’s representative to the United States and to the United
Nations.
He served as the President of the Fourth Session of United Nations General Assembly from 1949-1950,
and chairman of the United Nations Security Council. He had served with General Douglas MacArthur
in the Pacific, was Ambassador to the United States, and became the first Asian to win the Pulitzer
Prize in Correspondence in 1942. The Pulitzer Prize website says Carlos P. Romulo of Philippine
Herald was awarded "For his observations and forecasts of Far Eastern developments during a tour of
the trouble centers from Hong Kong to Batavia."
He served as Resident Commissioner of the Philippines to the United States Congress from 1944 to
1946. He was the signatory for the Philippines to the United Nations Charter when it was founded in
1946. He was the Philippines' Secretary (Minister from 1973 to 1984) of Foreign Affairs under
President Elpidio Quirino from 1950 to 1952, under President Diosdado Macapagal from 1963 to 1964
and under President Ferdinand Marcos from 1968 to 1984.
In his career in the United Nations, Rómulo was a strong advocate of human rights, freedom and
decolonization. During the selection of the UN's official seal, he looked over the seal-to-be and asked,
"Where is the Philippines?" US Senator Warren Austin, head of the selection committee, explained,
"It's too small to include. If we put the Philippines, it would be no more than a dot." "I want that dot!"
insisted Romulo. Today, a tiny dot between the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea can be found on
the UN seal. In 1948 in Paris, France, at the third UN General Assembly, he strongly disagreed with a
proposal made by the Soviet delegation headed by Andrei Vishinsky, who challenged his credentials by
insulting him with this quote: "You are just a little man from a little country." In return, Romulo
replied, "It is the duty of the little Davids of this world to fling the pebbles of truth in the eyes of the
blustering Goliaths and force them to behave!", leaving Vishinsky with nothing left to do but sit down.
He was a candidate for the position of United Nations Secretary-General in 1953, but did not win.
Instead, he returned to the Philippines and was a candidate for the nomination as the presidential
candidate for the Liberal Party, but lost at the party convention to the incumbent Elpidio Quirino, who
ran unsuccessfully for re-election against Ramon Magsaysay. Quirino had agreed to a secret ballot at
the convention, but after the convention opened, the president demanded an open roll-call voting,
leaving the delegates no choice but supporting Quirino, the candidate of the party machine. Feeling
betrayed, Romulo left the Liberal Party and became national campaign manager of Magsaysay, the
candidate of the opposing Nacionalista Party who won the election.
In April 1955 he led the Philippines' delegation to the Asian-African Conference at Bandung. Rómulo,
in all, wrote and published 18 books, which included The United (novel), I Walked with Heroes
(autobiography), I Saw the Fall of the Philippines, Mother America and I See the Philippines Rise (war-
time memoirs).
He died, at 86, in Manila on 15th of December 1985 and was buried in the Heroes’ Cemetery (Libingan
ng mga Bayani). He was honored as the Philippines’ greatest diplomat in the 20th Century. In 1980, he
was extolled by United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim as "Mr. United Nations" for his
valuable services to the United Nations and his dedication to freedom and world peace.
Awards and decorations
Rómulo is perhaps among the most decorated Filipino in history, which includes 82 honorary degrees
from different international institutions and universities and 74 decorations from foreign countries:
At the third UN General Assembly, held in Paris in 1948, the USSR’s deputy foreign minister, Andrei
Vishinsky, sneered at Romulo and challenged his credentials: “You are just a little man from a little
country.” “It is the duty of the little Davids of this world,” cried Rómulo, “to fling the pebbles of truth
in the eyes of the blustering Goliaths and force them to behave!”
When the UN official seal, which depicts the world, was being selected, Romy looked it over and
demanded, “where is the Philippines?” “It’s too small to include,” explained US Senator Warren
Austin, who headed the committee. “If we put in the Philippines it would be no more than a dot.” “I
want that dot!” Romy insisted. Today, if you look at the UN seal, you will find a tiny dot between the
Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea.
Rómulo was a dapper little man (barely five feet four inches in shoes). When they waded in at Leyte
beach in October 1944, and the word went out that General MacArthur was waist deep, one of Romy’s
journalist friends cabled, “If MacArthur was in water waist deep, Romulo must have drowned!”
In later years, Romulo told another story himself about a meeting with MacArthur and other tall
American generals who disparaged his physical stature. "Gentlemen," he declared, "When you say
something like that, you make me feel like a dime among nickels."
Books
Sample Work
All of us know the story of faster Sunday. It was the triumph of light over. Darkness;
life death. It was the vindication of a leader, only three days before defeated and executed life
a common felon. Today, on the commemoration of that resurrection, we can humbly and
without presumption declare our faith and hope in our own inevitable victory.
We too were betrayed by Judases. We were taken in the night by force of arms, and
though we have done wrong to no man, our people were bound a delivered into the hands of
our enemies. We have been given all to drink and we have stud our blood. To those who look
upon us from afar it must seem that the Filipino people have not descended into hull-into the
valley of death.
Nicomedes Márquez Joaquín,
Nicomedes Márquez Joaquín, usually known as Nick Joaquin (May 4, 1917–
April 29, 2004), was a Filipino writer, historian and journalist, best known for his
short stories and novels in the English language. He also wrote using the pen
name Quijano de Manila. Joaquin was conferred the rank and title of National
Artist of the Philippines for Literature.
Joaquín was born in Paco, Manila, one of the ten children of Leocadio, a colonel
under General Emilio Aguinaldo in the 1896 Revolution, and Salome Marquez, a
teacher of English and Spanish. Being read poems and stories by his mother,
Joaquin taught himself by reading widely at the National Library of the Philippines
and the library of his father, who by that time was a successful lawyer after the
revolution. This developed further his interest in writing.
At age 17, Joaquín was first published in the literary section of the Pre-World War
II Tribune under writer and editor Serafín Lanot. Before publishing in the Tribune,
Joaquin worked as a proofreader of the paper.
Joaquín deeply admired José Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines. Joaquín
paid tribute to Rizal by way of books such as The Storyteller's New Medium - Rizal
in Saga, The Complete Poems and Plays of Jose Rizal, and A Question of Heroes:
Essays in Criticism on Ten Key Figures of Philippine History. He also translated the
hero's valedictory poem, "Land That I Love, Farewell!"
Joaquín died of cardiac arrest in the early morning of April 29, 2004. He died in his
home in San Juan, Metro Manila. At the time of his death, he was editor of
Philippine Graphic magazine and publisher of its sister publication, Mirror Weekly,
a women’s magazine. He also wrote columns (“Small Beer”) for the Philippine
Daily Inquirer and Isyu, an opinion tabloid.
WORKS
Jose Garcia Villa (August 5, 1908 – February 7, 1997) was a Filipino poet, literary
critic, short story writer, and painter. He was awarded the National Artist of the
Philippines title for literature in 1973, as well as the Guggenheim Fellowship in
creative writing by Conrad Aiken. He is known to have introduced the "reversed
consonance rime scheme" in writing poetry, as well as the extensive use of
punctuation marks—especially commas, which made him known as the Comma
Poet. He used the penname Doveglion (derived from "Dove, Eagle, Lion"), based
on the characters he derived from himself. These animals were also explored by
another poet e.e. cummings in Doveglion, Adventures in Value, a poem dedicated
to Villa.
Villa was born on August 5, 1908, in Manila's Singalong district. His parents were
Simeon Villa (a personal physician of Emilio Aguinaldo, the founding President of
the First Philippine Republic) and Guia Garcia (a wealthy landowner). He
graduated from University of the Philippines High School in 1925. Villa enrolled on
a pre-medicine course in UP, but then switched to pre-law. However, he realized
that his true passion was in the arts. Villa first tried painting, but then turned into
writing after reading Winesburg, Ohio by Sherwood Anderson.
Villa was considered the leader of Filipino "artsakists", a group of writers who
believe that art should be "for art's sake" hence the term. He once pronounced
that "art is never a means; it is an end in itself. Villa's tart poetic style was
considered too aggressive at that time. In 1929 he published Man Songs, a series
of erotic poems, which the administrators in UP found too bold and was even fined
P70 for obscenity by the Manila Court of First Instance. In that same year, Villa
won Best Story of the Year from Philippine Free Press magazine for Mir-I-Nissan.
He also received P1,000 prize money, which he used to migrate for the United
States.
He enrolled at the University of New Mexico, wherein he was one of the founders
of Clay, a mimeographed literary magazine. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts
degree, and pursued post-graduate work at Columbia University. Villa had
gradually caught the attention of the country's literary circles, one of the few
Asians to do so at that time.
After the publication of Footnote to Youth in 1933, Villa switched from writing
prose to poetry, and published only a handful of works until 1942. During the
release of Have Come, Am Here in 1942, he introduced a new rhyming scheme
called "reversed consonance" wherein, according to Villa: "The last sounded
consonants of the last syllable, or the last principal consonant of a word, are
reversed for the corresponding rhyme. Thus, a rhyme for near would be run; or
rain, green, reign.
Villa worked as an associate editor for New Directions Publishing in New York
between 1949 to 1951, and then became director of poetry workshop at City
College of New York from 1952 to 1960. He then left the literary scene and
concentrated on teaching, first lecturing in The New School for Social Research
from 1964 to 1973, as well as conducting poetry workshops in his apartment. Villa
was also a cultural attaché to the Philippine Mission to the United Nations from
1952 to 1963, and an adviser on cultural affairs to the President of the Philippines
beginning 1968.
On February 5, 1997, at the age of 88, Villa was found unconscious in his New
York apartment and was rushed to St. Vincent Hospital in Greenwich area. His
death two days later was attributed to "cerebral stroke and multilobar
pneumonia". He was buried on February 10 in St. John's Cemetery in New York,
wearing a Barong Tagalog.
WORKS
And oh,
I will not
Francisco Arcellana was born September 6, 1916 in Sta. Cruz, Manila to parents
Jose Cabaneiro Arcellana and Epifania Quino. He was the fourth of the 18 children.
Arcellana bloomed early in his craft and prospered from his first schooling in
Tondo until he entered the University of the Philippines (UP) as a pre-medical
student in 1932. He developed an interest in writing while he was studying at the
Manila West High School (now Torres High School) as an active staff of the the
school organ The Torres Torch.
While in UP, Arcellana received an invitation to join the U.P. Writer's Club from
Manuel Arguilla. This happened after his "trilogy of the turtles" appeared in the
Literary Apprentice. Arcellana also marked the beginning of nontraditional forms
and themes in Philippine literature when he edited and published the Expression
in 1934. He graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1939 and later went into
medical school.
He married Emerenciana Yuvencio with whom he had six children: Francisco Jr.,
Elizabeth, Jose Esteban, Maria Epifania, Juan Eugenio, Emerenciana Jr.
In 1951, his short story “The Flowers of May” won first prize in the Don Carlos
Palanca Memorial Award for Literature (see Palanca Awards). His work entitled the
“Wing of Madness” made became second prize in the Philippine Free Press literary
contest in 1953. His other noteworthy works include 'The Man Who Could Be Poe”,
“Death is a Factory”, “Lina”, and “Now Sleeps the Crimson Petal”.
In 1956-1957, Arcellana served as a fellow in creative writing at the University of
Iowa and Breadloaf Writers' Conference under a Rockefeller Foundation grant. In
1989, he received a doctorate in humane letters honoris causa from the
University of the Philippines.
Arcellana died from renal failure and pneumonia on August 1, 2002 at the age of
85.
WORKS
SONNET