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Ansys Aqwa Drag PDF
Ansys Aqwa Drag PDF
Ansys Aqwa Drag PDF
ANSYS Aqwa
Richard May – Team Lead, Aqwa development
1 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Drag Linearization in Aqwa‐Line
2 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
New input
ASCII input file Workbench
JOB TD42 LINE
TITLE ALTD42: BARGE + 8 TUBEs (Cd=Ca=2)
OPTIONS PPEL REST GOON LDRG SFBM END
RESTART 4 5 ALTD41
09 NONE
10 NONE
11 NONE
12 NONE
13 SPEC
13SPDN 0.0
END13PSMZ 0.3 1.8 8.0 11.0
14 NONE
15 NONE
16 NONE
17 NONE
18 NONE
3 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Drag Linearization in Aqwa‐Line
1. Drag linearization has to be done for a specific
spectrum, so the results are strictly only valid for that
spectrum.
2. Reads spectrum defined in Deck 13 and uses that
spectrum for EVERY WAVE DIRECTION in Aqwa‐Line;
i.e. the spectral direction in Deck 13 is irrelevant.
3. Produces new RAOs that are output in the .LIS and
.PLT files.
4. The new RAOs are not written into the database so
not used in any subsequent analysis. Nor are the QTFs
re‐calculated.
5. We are currently working on adding drag linearization
to Aqwa‐Fer.
4 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
New ASCII output
New output in the LIS file headed
* * L I N E A R I S E D D R A G P A R A M E T E R S F O R S T R U C T U R E 1 * *
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
% Critical damping
Damping matrix
Linearized drag forces
RAOs with linearized drag
5 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
New graphical output
The PLT file contains new results as shown below
6 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Calculations (1)
• In the calculation of drag force u.|u| is a non‐linear term in which
the |u| can be replaced by a factor multiplied by the r.m.s. velocity
in order to create an equivalent linear term.
• In the literature (Borgman 1967) this factor is given as √(8/π). We
thus get
Full Drag Force = ½.ρ.A.Cd .u.|u|
Linearized Drag Force = ½.ρ.A.Cd .α.urms .u
where u = relative fluid velocity
and α = √(8/π)
• urms is calculated using the spectrum input in Deck 13. As u is relative
velocity the calculation is iterative.
7 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Calculations (2)
Modified RAO equation
Calculate:
• RAOs
• relative velocity for each component of the spectrum
• rms velocity
• drag coefficients
• new RAOS – check for convergence
8 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Calculations (3)
When current is included, we assume that the linearization factor is in the
form
β = √ [ (α*urms)2 + γ uc2 ]
Where γ = 2 [ 2 – e‐r ]
r = uc/(α urms)
Found by numerical investigation of the error in dissipation of drag energy
9 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Calculations (4)
Calculations use Gaussian quadrature
TUBE and STUB – 3 Gauss points
DISC – 9 Gauss points
10 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Shear Force and Bending Moment for
Spar
11 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Mass distribution file
All mass must be in the .MSD file. TUBE mass is ignored in
the same way as PMAS elements
12 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012
Shear Force and Bending Moment for
Spar
13 © 2012 ANSYS, Inc. November 26, 2012