PRAKTIKUM SINGKAPAN BATUAN

KOMPETENSI TUJUAN
Mampu mendeskripsikan jenis batuan dan nama - Mendeskripsikan singkapan
batuan berdasarkan singkapan yang ada di lapangan. batuan melaui sketsa gambar
- Mendeskripsikan jenis batuan
yang ditemui dari singkapan di
lapangan melalui identifikasi
geologi fisis

SKETSA SINGKAPAN

HASIL IDENTIFIKASI
SINGKAPAN
 Ceklist
FLOWCHART FOR CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS
AS IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY, OR METAMORPHIC
START The rock is
probably:
Layers are flat and soft or crumbly. sedimentary
Layers are made of mud, sand, or gravel. sedimentary
The rock
has Layers are made of crystals, which are about the same size in all layers. metamorphic
layering. sedimentary
Layers are made of crystals, which are of different sizes in different layers.
or igneous
Layers are folded or otherwise deformed. metamorphic

Looks like dry clay or mud sedimentary

Dense and hard, like window glass igneous
No visible Looks glassy
grains Brittle, lightweight, opaque black: i.e., anthracite coal metamorphic
are present Very soft, easily scratched with fingernail sedimentary
in the rock.
Very hard igneous
Reacts (effervesces) with drop of dilute HCl sedimentary

Whole or fragmented leaves, stems, shells, footprints sedimentary

Contains fossils The fossils are so deformed (sheared, folded, or of
changed composition) that they are barely recognizable metamorphic

Grains are mostly sand, silt, or gravel (a clastic texture). sedimentary

Contains rounded grains (like pebbles) (a clastic texture) sedimentary
Contains grains that are fragments of other rocks (a clastic texture) sedimentary

Crystals are randomly oriented in very hard rock. igneous or

metamorphic
Large crystals sit in a very hard mass (groundmass, matrix)
with smaller crystals or no visible grains. igneous
Grains are mostly mineral crystals

Visible grains
are present Crystals can be easily scratched and/or broken apart. sedimentary
in the rock.
(crystalline texture).

Crystals are flat (e.g., mica) and foliated: lay parallel to one metamorphic
another, giving the rock a layered or scaly appearance.
Long crystals are foliated: lay parallel to one another. metamorphic
Crystals are calcite: Equigranular: all about same size metamorphic
they react (effervesce)
with dilute HCl. Have different sizes and/or occur in layers sedimentary
Crystals are mostly gypsum or halite. sedimentary
Crystals are mostly olivine, feldspar, or pyroxene. igneous
Crystals are mostly garnet, micas (muscovite, biotite), metamorphic
serpentine, graphite, galena, or sphalerite.

Rock looks metallic (silvery, brassy, or copper-like) and scaly or smooth. metamorphic
The rock has
additional Rock is vesicular: has bubble-shaped holes/cavities or looks frothy. igneous
features.
Rock is very hard and has ropy, streamlined flow structures. igneous

FIGURE 4.4 Flowchart for classification of rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic.

Nama dan NIM :

118 ■ L A B O R AT O R Y 4