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Opium 160604163652
Opium 160604163652
Opium 160604163652
•Annual herb.
•Term opium is from Greek
Opion meaning Poppy juice.
Opium
History: In 1806 Serturner isolated the alkaloid
morphine from Opium. The opium poppy is
grown commercially now in many countries
throughout the world.
Aqueous sol.
Chloroform
Morphine, Narceine Aqueous
Precipitate
Solution
Acidify then make slightly (narcotine)
(Thebaine)
Alkaline with Ammonia
Dissolve in boiling
0.3% oxalic acid sol and
Aqueous sol. Precipitate cool
(Narceine) (Morphine)
Crystals Aq.sol.
(Papaverine Narcotine
Oxalate) oxalate
Opium Uses
Pharmaceutic necessity for powdered opium.
As an analgesic, a hypnotic, narcotic and
antidiarrheal.
Checks excessive peristalsis.
Dose: 60 mg
Preparation
When Rejected?
Used as an emetic and is
particularly valuable in
cases of poisoning because
it may be administered SC.
Dose: SC is 100µg/Kg of
body weight. (Max 6mg)
Papaverine
Occurs naturally in
opium to the extent of
about 1%.
Used as Smooth muscle
relaxant and an
antitussive in
combination with
Codeine sulfate.
Dose: Orally 150 mg, IM
30 mg.
As antitussive 15mg.
Products Pavabid,
Pavadyl, Copavin
(Comb.)
Hydromorphone HCl
Morphine derivative
Use: powerful narcotic analgesic.
Dose: 2 mg every 4 hrs
Product: Chief ingredient in Dilaudid cough syrup.
Side effects
Hydrocodone bitartarate or
Dihydrocodeinone bitartarate
Codeine derivative
Use: As an antitussive
Dose: 5-10mg, 3 to 4 times a day.
e.g. Dicodid and Codone
Noscapine
Commonly called Narcotine and Anarcotine.
Antitussive.
Dose: 15mg up to 4 times a day.
Available in syrup and chewable tablets. e.g. Conar and
Theo-Nar.