indeks bias

zat
percobaan rata-rata teoritis
Aquadest 1.3360 1.3350 1.3360 1.3357 1.3318
Benzene P.A
In d e ks B ia s lite rat u r (n m ) 1.4938 1.4948 1.4948 1.4945 1.5073

1.55
1.50
f(x) = 1.1052191255x - 0.1444564497
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.25
1.20
1.32 1.34 1.36 1.38 1.40 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.48 1.50 1.52
Indeks Bias Percobaan rata-rata (nm)
botol V aquadest Volume metanol Massa Botol Kosong

1 5 0 9.2686
2 4.5 0.5 8.8114
3 4 1 9.3107
4 3.5 1.5 9.2463
5 3 2 14.1661
6 2.5 2.5 8.8776
7 2 3 8.9976
8 1.5 3.5 9.1541
9 1 4 9.3587
10 0.5 4.5 9.4502
11 0 5 9.1804
Massa Botol + Aquadest Massa Botol+Aquadest+Metanol Indeks Bias
1 2 3
14.0674 - 1.3360 1.3350 1.3350
13.0641 13.3769 1.3370 1.3370 1.3370
13.1526 13.7419 1.3380 1.3390 1.3380
12.5647 13.5615 1.3401 1.3401 1.3401
16.9834 18.3903 1.3411 1.3421 1.3421
11.1995 13.0242 1.3431 1.3421 1.3421
10.807 13.0118 1.3422 1.3423 1.3423
10.4442 12.997 1.3401 1.3411 1.3411
10.1386 13.0813 1.3370 1.3370 1.3370
9.9387 13.2571 1.3330 1.3340 1.3350
- 12.9152 1.3260 1.3300 1.3290

indeks bias (nm)

0.0000 0.1000
 Massa Aquadest Massa Metanol Mol Aquadest Mol Metanol Fraksi Metanol Indeks Bias Rata-Rata

4.7988 0 0.2666 0.0000 0.0000 1.3354

4.2527 0.3128 0.2363 0.0098 0.0397 1.3370
3.8419 0.5893 0.2134 0.0184 0.0794 1.3384
3.3184 0.9968 0.1844 0.0312 0.1445 1.3401
2.8173 1.4069 0.1565 0.0440 0.2193 1.3417
2.3219 1.8247 0.1290 0.0570 0.3065 1.3424
1.8094 2.2048 0.1005 0.0689 0.4067 1.3422
1.2901 2.5528 0.0717 0.0798 0.5268 1.3407
0.7799 2.9427 0.0433 0.0920 0.6797 1.3370
0.4885 3.3184 0.0271 0.1037 0.7926 1.3340
0 3.7348 0 0.1167 1.0000 1.3283

0.0000 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000 0.6000 0.7000 0.8000 0.9000 1.0000

fraksi mol metanol

 y = 1,105x - 0,144
Indeks Bias Koreksi

1.3316 1.329333 1.324913

1.3334
1.3349
1.3368
1.3386
1.3393
1.3392
1.3375
1.3334
1.3301
1.3238

0 1.0000
 Percobaan Literatur
Termometer
Titik Beku (°C) Titik Didih (°C) Titik Beku (°C) Titik Didih (°C)
Alkohol 200°C 1 98 0 98.5
Raksa 150°C 0 98 0 98.5

ALKOHOL 100
f(x) = 1.0051020408x
R² = 1
T literatur (°C)

80
100

T literatur (°C)
f(x) = 1.0154639175x - 1.0154639175 60
80 R² = 1
40
60
20
40
0
20
0 10 20 30 40 50 6
0 T percobaan (°
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
T percobaan (°C)
 RAKSA

100
f(x) = 1.0051020408x
R² = 1
80

60

40

20

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
T percobaan (°C)
 massa piknometer kosong (g) 6.682
massa piknometer + metanol (g) 7.977 densitas aquadest literatur (g/mL)
massa piknometer kosong (g) 6.682 volume piknometer sebenarnya (mL)
massa piknometer + aquadest (g) 8.317
densitas metanol (gr/mL)
massa metanol (gr) 1.2950

massa aquades (gr) 1.635

0.996757
1.64032

0.78948
 66.6547 71.8977 5.243
81.3194 96.2449 14.9255
83.4366 16.7819
93.8828 12.5634
83.0511 16.3964
91.4884 10.169
81.1214 14.4667
89.1201 7.8007
78.7721 12.1174
87.2751 5.9557
74.4265 7.7718
124.1915

DISTILASI TANPA REFLUKS

volume metanol (mL) 410

volume aquadest (mL) 170

kondisi umpan awal

indeks bias
suhu (oC) indeks bias rata-rata
1 2 3
40 1.3411 1.3411 1.3411 1.3411

Distilat
indeks bias
massa labu+distilat suhu distilat
waktu (menit) massa labu kosong (g) (g) (°C)
1
10 66.6547 71.8977 63 1.3270
20 81.3194 96.2449 63 1.3280
30 66.6547 83.4366 63 1.328
40 81.3194 93.8828 63 1.328
50 66.6547 83.0511 63 1.327
60 81.3194 91.4884 63 1.328
70 66.6547 81.1214 63 1.328
80 81.3194 89.1201 65 1.329
90 66.6547 78.7721 67 1.328
100 81.3194 87.2751 67 1.326
110 66.6547 74.4265 68 1.327
Residu

massa botol + suhu bottom indeks bias

waktu (menit) massa botol kosong (g) bottom (g) (°C) 1
10 11.9199 12.2540 78 1.3421
20 11.9199 12.3212 79 1.3431
30 11.9199 12.8095 80 1.3421
40 11.9199 12.9393 85 1.3431
50 11.9199 12.6812 85 1.341.06
60 11.9199 12.7027 85 1.3411
70 11.9199 12.4212 85 1.3411
80 11.9199 12.3418 87 1.3411
90 11.9199 12.4323 88 1.3410
100 11.9199 12.7412 92 1.3411
110 11.9199 12.5263 95 1.3411

kondisi Bottom
massa gelas kimia + indeks bias
suhu (°C) Bottom (g) 1 2 3
95 363.4984 1.3411 1.3411 1.3411

Perbandingan percobaan dengan reylight

Lo(mol) L(mol) Ln(Lo/L) D(mol)

19.6 17.6062384966 0.107276267 1.9937615034

0.8982774743 0.1017225257
 Recovery
Lo(mol) L(mol) L/Lo 1-L/Lo Xd
19.6 17.6062 0.8983 0.1017 0.9987

Persamaaan antouine

P rayleigh Metanol
Xb Xd Aquadest
0.3550 1.9771 T Pao(torr)
64.5 758.5736
Percobaan 65 773.6269
Xb Xd 66 804.4805
0.189 0.9987 67.5 852.6762
69.3 913.656
71.2 981.9085
73.1 1054.337
75.3 1143.673
78 1261.781
81.7 1439.825
84.4 1582.399
87.7 1772.214
89.3 1870.75
91.2 1993.545
93.5 2150.939
96.4 2363.716
100 2651.419

0.8500

0.8000 f(x) = - 1.7813269264x + 0.8396598527

R² = 0.9580781719
0.7500

0.7000
y

0.6500
3.6000
0.6000
3.5000
0.5500
3.4000
0.5000
0.00000.02000.04000.06000.08000.10000.12000.14000.16000.18000.2000 3.3000

1-L/Lo 3.2000
1/Y-X

3.1000

3.0000
 3.4000
0.5000
0.00000.02000.04000.06000.08000.10000.12000.14000.16000.18000.2000 3.3000

1-L/Lo 3.2000

1/Y-X
3.1000

3.0000

2.9000

2.8000
0.1500 0.2000 0.2500 0
 REFRAKTO y = 1,105x - 0,144
DISTILAT y = 1,015x - 1,015
BOTTOM y = 1,005x

indeks bias rata-rata suhu koreksi indeks bias koreksi fraksi umpan

1.3411 40.2000 1.3379 0.5

indeks bias
suhu koreksi (°C) massa distilat indeks bias rata-rata
2 3
1.3270 1.3280 62.93 5.2430 1.3273
1.3270 1.3280 62.93 14.9255 1.3277
1.328 1.329 62.93 16.7819 1.3283
1.328 1.327 62.93 12.5634 1.3277
1.327 1.328 62.93 16.3964 1.3273
1.327 1.329 62.93 10.1690 1.3280
1.329 1.328 62.93 14.4667 1.3283
1.328 1.328 64.96 7.8007 1.3283
1.328 1.329 66.99 12.1174 1.3283
1.327 1.326 66.99 5.9557 1.3263
1.328 1.326 68.01 7.7718 1.3270
124.1915
indeks bias
suhu koreksi (°C) massa bottom indeks bias rata-rata
2 3
1.3421 1.3421 78.39 0.3341 1.3421
1.3431 1.3431 79.40 0.4013 1.3431
1.3431 1.3421 80.40 0.8896 1.3424
1.3421 1.3421 85.43 1.0194 1.3424
1.3421 1.3421 85.43 0.7613 1.3421
1.3421 1.3421 85.43 0.7828 1.3417
1.3411 1.3411 85.43 0.5013 1.3411
1.3411 1.3411 87.44 0.4219 1.3411
1.3407 1.3461 88.44 0.5124 1.3426
1.3417 1.3461 92.46 0.8213 1.3429
1.3431 1.3411 95.48 0.6064 1.3417
JUMLAH 6.4454

suhu koreksi massa bottom indeks bias rata-rata

95.48 363.4984 1.3411

32
18
 Xb % Recovery
0.189 13.01%

Persamaaan antouine
A B C
8.08097 1582.271 239.726
8.07131 1730.63 233.426
PBo(torr) Alfa alfa rata rata x y y-x
182.9718560807 4.145848 0.5000 0.7936 0.2936
187.1185744638 4.134421 0.4800 0.7802 0.3002
195.6521392143 4.11179 0.4600 0.7661 0.3061
209.0714832082 4.078396 0.4400 0.7513 0.3113
226.198733797 4.039174 0.4200 0.7358 0.3158
245.5539184487 3.998749 0.4000 0.7194 0.3194
266.2940926399 3.959294 0.3800 0.7021 0.3221
292.1426066017 3.914778 0.3600 0.6838 0.3238
326.7347362615 3.861791 3.8452 0.3400 0.6645 0.3245
379.7023234324 3.791984 0.3200 0.6441 0.3241
422.7638457498 3.742985 0.3000 0.6224 0.3224
480.8999059236 3.685204 0.2800 0.5993 0.3193
511.4148788368 3.657988 0.2600 0.5747 0.3147
549.7429791713 3.626323 0.2400 0.5484 0.3084
599.3293782559 3.588909 0.2200 0.5203 0.3003
667.129298263 3.543116 0.2000 0.4901 0.2901
760.0863691649 3.488313 0.1890 0.4726 0.2836

Xb interpolasi
Xd

3.6000

3.5000

3.4000

3.3000

3.2000

3.1000

3.0000
3.4000

3.3000

3.2000

3.1000

3.0000

2.9000

2.8000
0.1500 0.2000 0.2500 0.3000 0.3500 0.4000 0.4500 0.5000
X
indeks bias koreksi fraksi distilat

1.3227 0.9999
1.3231 0.9999
1.3238 0.9950
1.3231 0.9999
1.3227 0.9999
1.3234 0.9999
1.3238 0.9950
1.3238 0.9950
1.3238 0.9999
1.3216 0.9999
1.3223 0.9999
1.3231 0.9999
xd 0.9987

indeks bias koreksi fraksi bottom

1.3390 0.250
1.3401 tidak terbaca
1.3394 0.310
1.3393 0.280
1.3390 0.240
1.3386 0.220
1.3379 0.185
1.3379 0.185
1.3395 tidak terbaca
1.3399 tidak terbaca
1.3386 0.220
xb 0.236

indeks bias koreksi fraksi Bottom Final

1.3379 0.1890
1/(y-x) Luas Akumulasi L/Lo 1-L/Lo
3.4059
3.3312 0.0157 0.0157 0.9844 0.0156
3.2668 0.0155 0.0312 0.9693 0.0307
3.2121 0.0152 0.0464 0.9547 0.0453
3.1669 0.0149 0.0612 0.9406 0.0594
3.1311 0.0146 0.0758 0.9270 0.0730
3.1047 0.0142 0.0900 0.9139 0.0861
3.0880 0.0139 0.1039 0.9013 0.0987
3.0814 0.0135 0.1174 0.8893 0.1107
3.0858 0.0131 0.1304 0.8777 0.1223
3.1022 0.0127 0.1431 0.8667 0.1333
3.1323 0.0122 0.1553 0.8561 0.1439
3.1781 0.0117 0.1671 0.8461 0.1539
3.2427 0.0112 0.1783 0.8367 0.1633
3.3302 0.0107 0.1890 0.8278 0.1722
3.4467 0.0101 0.1991 0.8195 0.1805
3.5260 0.0053 0.2044 0.8152 0.1848

0.355
1.9770596066 1
x Y 0.9
1 1 1 1 0.8
0.95 0.979 0.9 0.9 0.7
0.9 0.958 0.8 0.8 0.6
0.8 0.915 0.7 0.7 0.5
Y

0.7 0.87 0.6 0.6 0.4

0.6 0.825 0.5 0.5 0.3
0.5 0.779 0.4 0.4 0.2
0.4 0.729 0.3 0.3 0.1
0.3 0.665 0.2 0.2 0
0.2 0.579 0.1 0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0
X
 0.2
0.1
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0
0.15 0.517 0 0 X
0.1 0.418
0.08 0.365
0.06 0.304
0.04 0.23
0.02 0.134
0 0
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
X
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
X
 DISTILASI REFLUKS PARSIAL

volume metanol (mL) 410

volume aquadest (mL) 170

kondisi umpan awal

indeks bias
suhu (oC) indeks bias rata-rata
1 2 3
39 1.34106 1.341055 1.341065 1.34106

Distilat
indeks bias
waktu (menit) massa labu kosong massa labu+distilat suhu distilat
1
10 66.6547 76.3145 62 1.328
20 81.3194 96.9642 62 1.326
30 66.6547 75.7029 63 1.327
40 81.3194 93.3512 63 1.331
50 66.6547 77.2095 63 1.326
60 81.3194 91.7287 63 1.328
70 66.6547 76.692 63 1.327
80 81.3194 94.0934 63 1.332
90 66.6547 77.8982 63 1.33703
100 81.3194 94.1269 63 1.328
110 66.6547 76.015 63 1.328

Residu

indeks bias
waktu (menit) massa botol kosong massa botol + bottom suhu bottom
1
10 11.9199 12.3544 76 1.34307
20 11.9199 12.5651 76 1.34005
30 11.9199 12.6749 76 1.34206
40 11.9199 12.6276 76 1.34206
50 11.9199 12.4964 76 1.34105
60 11.9199 12.7271 76 1.342065
70 11.9199 12.6508 78 1.342065
80 11.9199 12.8278 79 1.342065
 90 11.9199 13.1269 79 1.342065
100 11.9199 12.9235 80 1.34106
110 11.9199 12.8588 80 1.342065

kondisi Bottom
massa gelas kimia + indeks bias
suhu (°C) Bottom (g) 1 2 3
95 363.4984 1.3421 1.3421 1.3421

Perbandingan percobaan dengan reylight

Lo(mol) L(mol) Ln(Lo/L) D

19.6 16.9069023256 0.1478076061 2.6930976744

1.6666666667

3.5000

3.4000

3.3000
1/(Y-X)

3.2000

3.1000

3.0000
 3.4000

3.3000

1/(Y-X)
3.2000

3.1000

3.0000

2.9000
0.2000 0.2500 0.3000 0.3500 0.4000 0.4500 0.5000 0.5500
X
 REFRAKTO y = 1,105x - 0,144
DISTILAT y = 1,015x - 1,015
BOTTOM y = 1,005x

indeks bias rata-rata suhu koreksi indeks bias koreksi fraksi umpan

1.34106 39.195 1.3378713 0.495

indeks bias
suhu koreksi massa distilat indeks bias rata-rata
2 3
1.329 1.328 61.915 9.6598 1.3283
1.327 1.328 61.915 15.6448 1.3270
1.327 1.327 62.93 9.0482 1.3270
1.328 1.328 62.93 12.0318 1.3290
1.326 1.326 62.93 10.5548 1.3260
1.328 1.328 62.93 10.4093 1.3280
1.327 1.327 62.93 10.0373 1.3270
1.327 1.327 62.93 12.774 1.3287
1.328 1.328 62.93 11.2435 1.3310
1.328 1.328 62.93 12.8075 1.3280
1.328 1.328 62.93 9.3603 1.3280
jumlah 114.211 rata-rata

indeks bias
suhu koreksi massa bottom indeks bias rata-rata
2 3
1.34307 1.34307 76.38 0.4345 1.3431
1.341055 1.341055 76.38 0.6452 1.3407
1.34206 1.34206 76.38 0.755 1.3421
1.34206 1.34206 76.38 0.7077 1.3421
1.341055 1.341055 76.38 0.5765 1.3411
1.342065 1.342065 76.38 0.8072 1.3421
1.342065 1.342065 78.39 0.7309 1.3421
1.342065 1.342065 79.395 0.9079 1.3421
1.342065 1.342065 79.395 1.207 1.3421
1.34106 1.34106 80.4 1.0036 1.3411
1.342065 1.342065 80.4 0.9389 1.3421
jumlah 8.7144

suhu koreksi massa bottom indeks bias rata-rata

95.48 363.4984 1.3421

Persamaaan antouine
A B C
Metanol 8.08097 1582.271 239.726
Aquadest 8.07131 1730.63 233.426
T Pao(torr) PBo(torr) Alfa alfa rata rata x
64.5 758.5736 182.9718561 4.1458482622 0.5000
65 773.6269 187.1185745 4.1344205144 0.4861
66 804.4805 195.6521392 4.1117898234 0.4714
67.5 852.6762 209.0714832 4.078395539 0.4567
69.3 913.656 226.1987338 4.0391737224 0.4420
71.2 981.9085 245.5539184 3.9987491877 0.4273
73.1 1054.337 266.2940926 3.9592941075 0.4126
75.3 1143.673 292.1426066 3.9147779173 0.3979
78 1261.781 326.7347363 3.8617912303 3.8452389853 0.3832
81.7 1439.825 379.7023234 3.7919838166 0.3685
84.4 1582.399 422.7638457 3.7429852181 0.3538
87.7 1772.214 480.8999059 3.6852042438 0.3391
89.3 1870.75 511.4148788 3.65798848 0.3244
91.2 1993.545 549.7429792 3.6263226531 0.3097
93.5 2150.939 599.3293783 3.5889091705 0.2950
96.4 2363.716 667.1292983 3.5431159952 0.2803
100 2651.419 760.0863692 3.4883128687 0.2500

0.8500

0.8000
f(x) = - 1.4478704168x + 0.816324445
R² = 0.9750948702
0.7500

0.7000
Column M
0.6500 Linear (Column M)

0.6000
 0.8000
f(x) = - 1.4478704168x + 0.816324445
R² = 0.9750948702
0.7500

0.7000
Column M
0.6500 Linear (Column M)

0.6000

0.5500
0 0.5000 0.5500
0.5000
0.0000 0.0500 0.1000 0.1500 0.2000
indeks bias koreksi fraksi distilat

1.3238 0.98
1.3223 0.99
1.3223 0.99
1.3245 0.975
1.3212 0.99
1.3234 0.99
1.3223 0.99
1.3242 0.98
1.3268 0.89
1.3234 0.99
1.3234 0.875
xd 0.9673

indeks bias koreksi fraksi bottom

1.3401 tidak terbaca

1.3375 0.17
1.3390 0.25
1.3390 0.25
1.3379 0.185
1.3390 0.25
1.3390 0.25
1.3390 0.25
 1.3390 0.25
1.3379 0.185
1.3407 tidak terbaca
xb 0.2267

indeks bias koreksi fraksi Bottom Final Recovery

1.3390 0.2500 Lo(mol) L(mol)
19.6 16.9069

y y-x 1/(y-x) Luas Akumulasi L/Lo 1-L/Lo

0.7936 0.2936 3.4059
0.7844 0.2983 3.3528 0.0110 0.0110 0.9891 0.0109
0.7742 0.3028 3.3023 0.0115 0.0224 0.9778 0.0222
0.7637 0.3070 3.2571 0.0113 0.0337 0.9668 0.0332
0.7528 0.3108 3.2171 0.0111 0.0449 0.9561 0.0439
0.7415 0.3142 3.1823 0.0110 0.0559 0.9457 0.0543
0.7298 0.3172 3.1526 0.0108 0.0667 0.9355 0.0645
0.7176 0.3197 3.1279 0.0106 0.0773 0.9256 0.0744
0.7049 0.3217 3.1083 0.0105 0.0878 0.9160 0.0840
0.6917 0.3232 3.0939 0.0103 0.0980 0.9066 0.0934
0.6780 0.3242 3.0848 0.0101 0.1081 0.8975 0.1025
0.6636 0.3245 3.0813 0.0099 0.1180 0.8887 0.1113
0.6487 0.3243 3.0838 0.0096 0.1276 0.8802 0.1198
0.6330 0.3233 3.0926 0.0094 0.1370 0.8719 0.1281
0.6167 0.3217 3.1084 0.0092 0.1462 0.8640 0.1360
0.5996 0.3193 3.1317 0.0089 0.1552 0.8563 0.1437
0.5617 0.3117 3.2078 0.0176 0.1727 0.8414 0.1586

Xb interpolasi 0.2924
Xd 1.803285

mn M
(Column M)
mn M
(Column M)
 32
18

L/Lo 1-L/Lo Xd Xb % Recovery

0.8626 0.1374 0.9673 0.25 17.34%