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universaluri dizainis saerTaSoriso standartebi

2016 weli
adaptirebuli garemo yvelasaTvis
universaluri dizainis saerTaSoriso standartebi

saxelmZRvanelo momzadebulia inkluziuri turizmis centri „parsas“ mier,

„municipaluri servisebis ganviTarebis saagentos“ dakveTiT da miznad isaxavs
adaptirebuli garemos universaluri dizainis standartebis, infrastruqtur-
is misawvdomobisa da SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa uflebebis
kuTxiT saxelmwifo moxeleebis cnobierebis amaRlebas. avtorebi imedovne-
ben, rom saxelmZRvanelo mniSvnelovan daxmarebas gauwevs am mimarTulebiT mo-
muSave pirebs.
saxelmZRvanelo warmoadgens `municipaluri servisebis ganviTarebis saa-
gentosa~ da inkluziuri turizmis centr „parsas“ sakuTrebas.

avtorebi:
Tamar maxaraSvili - inkluziuri turizmis centr „par-
sas“ xlmZRvaneli
daviT bazaSvili - arqiteqtori, adaptirebuli garemos
universaluri dizainis eqsperti

redaqtori:
nanuka CarTolani

qalaq Tbilisis
municipalitetis meria

aaip municipaluri servisebis

ganviTrebis saagento

inkluziuri turizmis
centri „parsa“
 CemTvis, rogorc organizaciis xelmZRvan-
elisTvis, didi pativia, am saxelmZRvanelos
meSveobiT gagiziaroT inkluziuri turizmis
centris mier wlebis ganmavlobaSi dagrovili
gamocdileba. inkluziuri turizmis centri
„parsa“ gaxlavT evropuli inkluziuri tur-
izmis qselis „ENAT“ -is sakontaqto organi-
zacia saqarTveloSi.
dRes rodesac saqarTvelo Zalian axlosaa,
evropis qveynebs Soris daikavos Rirseu-
li adgili, mniSvnelovania SezRuduli Sesa-
Zleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis Sesabamisad
dacva, miTumetes, Tu es sakiTxi rogorc saxelmwifos, aseve TiToeuli
moqlaqis valdebuleba da pasuximgeblobaa.
garemos misawvdomoba, pirvel rigSi, niSnavs adamianis uflebebis
dacvas, socialuri mdgradobis Camoyalibebas da evropisken gadagmul
mniSvnelovan nabijs, romelic gamoricxavs yovelgvar diskriminaci-
ul midgomas, miuxedavad SezRudvisa, socialuri statusisa da Sesa-
Zleblobisa.
xelmisawvdomi garemo da Tanasworoba - es aris idea, romelic sazo-
agdoebam, rogorc saxelmwifom, miznad davisaxeT da me mjera, rom win
udidesi warmatebebi gvelis.

inkluziuri turizmis centri „parsas“ xelmZRvaneli -

Tamar maxaraSvili
 sarCevi

Sesavali..............................................................................................................9
adaptirebuli garemo yvelasaTvis.................................................11
ra aris universaluri dizaini?
universaluri dizainis ekonomikuri aspeqti
universaluri dizainis principebi

adaptirebis ZiriTadi cnebebi............................................................14

simboloebi (pirobiTi niSnebi) da informacia
komunikacia
wvdoma
ganaTeba da kontrasti

bilikebi da gzebi.........................................................................................15
bordiuris pandusebi

bilikis daqaneba da sigane.....................................................................16

gadasasvlelebi da gadasasvlelebis signalebi....................17
miwisqveSa gadasasvlelebi...................................................................18
pandusebi da safexurebi.........................................................................19
pandusebis daqaneba, sigrZe da misasvlelebi
pandusis moajirebi da nabijis usafrTxoeba

Sesasvlelebi da karebi...........................................................................20
SenobaSi Sesasvleli karebi
karis saxelurebi
vestibiulis Sesasvleli

interieris adaptireba...........................................................................21
Sesasvleli karebis sigane
doneebis cvla
simboloebi da monitorebi

mravalsarTuliani Senobis adaptireba.......................................22

liftebi
platforma (amwe) liftebi
kibis ujredis maniSnebeli
safexurebi

sacxovrebeli da saabazano oTaxebis misawvdomoba.............24

sapirfareSo oTaxebi da kabinebi
kabinis kari da kaveuli (metalis sagnebi)
xelsabanebi, onkanebi da sarkeebi
oTaxebis mowyoba

kvebisa da sacalo vaWrobis servisi ..............................................26

iatakis sivrce da misawvdomoba
magidebi da dasajdomi adgilebi
TviTmomsaxureba
warwerebi da simboloebi
salaro aparatebi

zRva da sanapiro..........................................................................................29
sanapiros wvdomis punqtebi
ficarnagi biliki
bilikebi
 wyalTan (zRva) wvdoma
Crdili da dasveneba

gasarTobi obieqtebi da maTi mdebareoba....................................30

dasajdomi adgilebi
saTamaSo moednebi
velosipedistTa da qveiTad mosiaruleTa bilikebi
monitorebi

sazogadoebrivi transporti..............................................................32
transportireba
Tanxis gadaxda da gasasvlelebi
mosacdelebi da dasajdomi adgilebi
Casxdoma da mgzavroba
parkingi

adaptirebuli transporti evropaSi.............................................36

berlinis magaliTi
adaptirebuli matarebeli
tramvai berlinSi
adaptirebuli avtobusi

garemos adaptireba evropaSi..............................................................38

didi britaneTi -2001-2012 wlebi
bulgareTi 2007 weli
irlandia -2007 weli

universaluri dizainis mixedviT

mowyobili sivrceebi................................................................................39
Slagbaumebi da karebi
avtofarexi
ganaTeba
gafantuli ganaTeba
“muSa” ganaTeba
aqcentirebuli ganaTeba
bunebrivi ganaTeba

ganaTleba, advokatireba da
sazogadoebasTan komunikacia ............................................................40
eleqtronuli formatis informacia da dizaini
marketingi
kvalificiuri personali

SesaZleblobaTa SezRudvis istoria saqarTveloSi...........42

damoukidebeli cxovrebis filosofia..........................................44
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirebi da sazogadoeba.............................................................................46
urTierTobis eTika
moZraobis SezRudvis mqone pirebi
mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone pirebi
smenis daqveiTebis an sruli SezRudvis mqone pirebi
metyvelebis darRvevis mqone pirebi
fsiqo-funqcionaluri darRvevebis mqone pirebi

terminebi, romelTac viyenebT.............................................................49

masmedia da misi roli pozitiuri sazogadoebrivi
azris CamoyalibebaSi
rogor gavaumjobesoT komunikacia da movamzadoT masala
terminologiis gamoyenebis standartebi
 Sesavali

yvela adamians, miuxedavad fizikuri an sxva saxis SezRudvisa, unda

hqondes Tavisuflad gadaadgilebis da nebismieri momsaxurebiT sarge-
blobis Tanabari ufleba. am uflebas xazgasmiT aRiarebs gaeros gener-
aluri asambleis mier 2006 wlis 13 dekembers miRebuli SezRuduli Ses-
aZleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis konvencia, romelsac xeli moawera
140-ma qveyanam, maT Soris saqarTvelom.
saqarTvelom 2013 wlis dekemberSi moaxdina gaeros 2006 wlis “Sez-
Ruduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis” konvenciis ratifi-
cireba, romelic oficialurad ZalaSi Sevida 2014 wlis 12 aprils. amiT
qveyanam aRiara saqarTveloSi SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa
uflebebi.
2014 wlis 20 ianvars saqarTvelos mTavrobam daamtkica SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa Tanabari SesaZleblobebis uzrunvelyofis
2014-2016 wlebis samTavrobo samoqmedo gegma, romelSic adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobebis aqtivobebSi gawerilia infrastruqturuli, sa-
transporto, sportuli, sarekreacio da turistuli obieqtebis Tana-
bari misawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa.
2015 wels saqarTvelos regionebis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis
kodeqsSi Sevida punqti - adgilobrivi mniSvnelobis obieqtebze Sez-
Ruduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebze morgebuli garemos Seqmna.

9
 adaptirebuli garemo yvelasaTvis

sityva “inkluziuri” gamoiyeneba socialuri inkluziis yvela cne-

basTan mimarTebaSi da warmoadgens “eqskluziis” (gariyvis) safuZvelze
aRmocenebuli stereotipebis, usamarTlobisa da Ria diskriminaciis sa-
pirispiro gagebas.
inkluziuri garemo TiToeul adamians ganixilavs gansxvavebuli Sesa-
Zleblobis mqone individad yvela cxovrebiseul etapze: bavSvobaSi, mow-
ifulobasa da xandazmulobis periodSi.
ratom “inkluziuri” da ara “misawvdomi”?
rodesac adamianebs esmiT sityva “misawvdomi”, isini fiqroben, rom
sakmaod kargad ician, ras gulisxmobs es termini, magram ramdenadac ar
arsebobs Camoyalibebuli zusti gansazRvreba, TiTqmis yvela sakuTar
definicias ayalibebs, rac bevr gaugebrobas iwvevs. SesaZloa, Tavad
dawesebuleba iyos misawvdomi, magram masSi ganxorcielebuli aqtivobe-
bi da dasaqmebulTa damokidebuleba sruliad sapirispiro - gariyvaze
iyos mimarTuli.
inkluzia gulisxmobs srul mimReblobas yoveli individis an adami-
anTa jgufebis mimarT
komunikaciis, Rirebulebebisa da tradiciebis doneze. es aris kul-
turuli transformaciis procesi, romlis yvela monawile saTanadod
aris dafasebuli. am procesSi tolerantoba da mxareTa mier urTierT-
gageba sagrZnoblad matulobs Sedegad ki viRebT yvelasaTvis advilad
aRqmad da gasageb produqtsa da momsaxurebis xarisxs. damokidebulebis,
dizainisa da saqmianobis transformacia xdeba maSin, rodesac SezRud-
uli SesaZleblobis mqone yvela piri aRiqmeba Tanabaruflebian moqa-
laqed.

ra aris universaluri dizaini?

`universaluri dizaini~ gulisxmobs dizainis imgvar gaazrebas, rode-

sac garemo xdeba barierebisagan maqsimalurad Tavisufali da keTilgan-
wyobili, xolo nivTebi advilad gamoyenebadi da misawvdomi mosaxleo-
bis yvela jgufisTvis.
proeqtirebasa da mSeneblobaSi gamoyenebuli wesebi da gadawyvetile-
bebi unda ganapirobebdnen universaluri dizainis saerTaSoriso stand-
artebis srul dacvas.

“produqtebisa da garemos dizaini unda iyos maqsimalurad

gamoyenebadi yvela adamianisaTvis da ar saWiroebdes adaptacias
an specialur dagegmvas (wyaro: Ron Mace, 1985).

“dizaini adamianTa mravalferovnebis, socialuri inkluziisa

da TanasworobisaTvis” (wyaro: Design for All Europe, 2008).

“universaluri dizaini warmoadgens sistemas sivrceebisa da nivTebis,

11
informaciis, komunikaciisa da wesebis imgvarad dagegmvisaTvis, rom
adamianTa rac SeiZleba metma jgufebma SeZlon maTi maqsimalurad ga-
moyeneba damatebiTi da specialuri gadagegmvis gareSe. ufro martivad
rom vTqvaT, universaluri dizaini es aris garemosa da masSi arsebuli
yvela nivTis dizainis morgeba yvela adamianze. es aris ara dizainis sti-
li, aramed dizainis
procesisadmi iseTi midgoma, romelic iwyeba momxmareblis gamoc-
dilebis gaziarebiT. (wyaro: Adaptive Environments).

universaluri dizainis ekonomikuri aspeqti

universaluri dizaini xels uwyobs socialuri mdgradobis Camoy-

alibebas, sivrceebis, produqtebisa da programebis usafrTxo, moxerx-
ebuli wvdomis uzrunvelyoft adamianTa adamianTa SesaZleblobebidan
gamomdinare.
inkluziuri turizmi warmoiSva 1960-1970 wlebis samoqalaqo ufle-
bebis dacvis moZraobis ZiriTadi prioritetebis, adamianze orientire-
buli da socialuri miznebis safuZvelze, rac Semdeg ideebs efuZneboda:
misawvdomi sacxovrebeli, urbanuli modernizacia, mentaluri janmrT-
eloba, xandazmuloba da bavSvis adreuli ganaTleba (Steinfeld & maisel,
2012). droTa ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibda inkluziuri turizmis sxvadasx-
va definicia, Tumca yvela maTgani iziarebs saerTo miznebs. esaa: so-
cialuri inkluzia, Tanasworoba da damoukidebloba mosaxleobis yve-
la jgufebisaTvis.
aSS-Si SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi mogzaurobaSi
weliwadSi daaxloebiT 13.5 miliard aSS. dolars xarjaven. (wyaro:
Open Door Organization, 2002 & 2005; Research Among Adults With Disabil-
ities:Travel and Hospitality.)
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa 70%-ze meti - 22 milioni
srulwlovani adamiani yovel 2 weliwadSi erTxel saSualod 5 dRes
mogzaurobs, ZiriTadad, Tavisufali drois gatarebis mizniT.

inkluziuri turizmidan miRebuli Semosavlebi SeiZleba gaormagdes

aviakompaniebisa da sastumroebis mxridan SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone pirTaTvis ukeTesi pirobebis uzrunvelyofis SemTxvevaSi. mogebis
zrdas, aseve, ganapirobebs xandazmuli mosaxleobis raodenobis mateba.
(wyaro:Open Door Organization 2002 & 2005. SezRuduli SesaZleblo-
bis zrdasrul pirTa kvleva, turizmi da stumarTmoyvareoba).

aSS-Si turistulma xarjebma 2002 wels Seadgina daaxloebiT 82

miliardi aSS. dolari, xolo 2011 wlis monacemebiT dafiqsirda zrda
da Seadgina 117 miliard aSS. dolari. (wyaro: msoflios turizmis or-
ganizacia)
aSS-Si turizmze daxarjuli Tanxis daaxloebiT 16.5% gaweulia sx-
vadasxva SezRudvis mqone pirebis mier. miuxedavad amisa, universaluri
dizaini exeba gacilebiT farTo demografiul jgufebs, vidre es mxolod
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebia.
12
 Zalian mniSvnelovania, axleburad gaviazroT SezRuduli Sesa-
Zleblobisa da mosaxleobis daberebis statistikis sakiTxebi. gansa-
kuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom Tanamedrove sazogadoeba ganicdis
mniSvnelovan socio - ekonomikur gardaqmnebs da teqnologiur, ekonomi-
kur cvlilebebs. (Steinfeld & Maisel, 2012)

universaluri dizainis principebi:

principi 1: Tanasworoba _ universaluri dizaini aris gamoyenebadi da

moTxovnadi sxvadasxva SezRudvis mqone pirTa mier.
principi 2: moqniloba gamoyenebaSi _ dizaini iTvaliswinebs individ-
ualuri SesaZleblobebis mravalferovnebasa da arCevanis
upiratesobas.
principi 3: martivi da intuiciuri gamoyeneba _ dizaini aris martivad
gasagebi, miuxedavad mosargeblis gamocdilebis, codnis,
enobrivi unar-Cvevebis an koncentraciis arsebuli donisa.
principi 4: aRqmadi informacia _ dizaini martivad aRqmadia mosarge-
blisaTvis, miuxedavad misi sensoruli SesaZleblobebis an
garemo pirobebisa.
principi 5: safrTxisgan daculoba _ dizaini minimumamde amcirebs
ucabedi an gauazrebeli moqmedebiT gamowveul safrTxeebsa
da usiamovno Sedegebs.
principi 6: mcire fizikuri Zalisxmeva _ dizainis efeqturad da kom-
fortulad gamoyeneba minimaluri ZalisxmeviT aris Sesa-
Zlebeli.
principi 7: zoma da sivrce wvdomisa da gamoyenebisaTvis _ uzrunvelyo-
filia saTanado zoma da sivrce wvdomis, manipulaciisa da
gamoyenebisaTvis, miuxedavad mosargeblis sxeulis zomisa
da mobilobisa.
(wyaro: The seven principles of universal design (Center for Universal De-
sign, 1997; Connellet al., 1997) were developed to help make universal design
easier to understand)

13
 adaptirebis ZiriTadi cnebebi
simboloebi (pirobiTi niSnebi) da informacia:

martivad aRqmadi SriftiT Sesrulebuli informacia ganTavsebuli

unda iyos kontrastuli feris fonze. simboloebi (pirobiTi niSne-
bi) unda ganlagdes advilad SesamCnev adgilebze, rac gzis povnas aad-
vilebs. zedmeti sikaSkaSis Tavidan asacileblad, simboloebi ar unda
daibeWdos brWyviala masalaze.

komunikacia:
usafrTxoebis sistemebi da sazogadoebasTan komunikaciis yvela sa-
Sualeba unda iyos advilad mosasmeni da xiluli maTTvis, vinc infor-
macias upirvelsad mxedvelobis da/an smenis gziT iRebs. aq igulisxmeba
saavario signalebi, usafrTxoeba da zogadi Setyobinebebi.

wvdoma
sagnebi (inventari, mowyobiloba, aveji...) ar unda iyos 120 sm-ze maRa-
li da 40 sm-ze dabali. amasTanave misawvdomi unda iyos fexze mdgomi,
mjdomare da tandabali adamianebisaTvis.

ganaTeba da kontrasti
sivrceebi unda iyos maqsimalurad naTeli, minimaluri CrdilebiTa da
sikaSkaSiT. sxvadasxva sivrceebs Soris gadasvlis misaniSneblad, gamoy-
enebuliunda iyos ferTa an struqturaTa kontrasti.

14
 bilikebi da gzebi

bordiuris pandusebi

bordiuris pandusebi mniSvnelovania trotuarze asasvlelad-Camos-

asvlelad, gansakuTrebiT quCis gadasasvlelebze. pandusi umniSvnelo-
vanesia yvela im adamianisaTvis, romelic gadaadgilebis sxvadasxva
saSualebas iyenebs, Tumca usafrTxoebasa da moxerxebulobas uzrunve-
lyofs yvela sxva mosargeblisaTvis. pandusis Sua nawilis sigane unda
iyos aranakles 100 sm-isa, xolo misi daqaneba ara umetes 6%-isa. gver-
debis daqaneba unda iyos ar unda Rematebodes 8%. bordiuris pandusis
misasvlelTan dayolebuli taqtiluri gamafrTxilebeli zoli uzrun-
velyofs damatebiT usafrTxoebas da orientacias mxedvelobis daqve-
iTebis mqone da usinaTlo pirebisaTvis.

suraTi 1 suraTi 2

moZraobis mimarTulebiT moZraobis kveTa

gegma 1

15
 bilikis daqaneba da sigane

bilikebis daqaneba unda iyos 6% an naklebi. gadasasvlelze misi daqa-

neba ar unda iyos 1.50sm-ze meti. bilikebis gamosayeneblad ar unda iyos
saWiro safexurebi.
bilikebi da gadasasvlelebi unda iyos aranakleb 180 sm siganisa, raTa
moxerxebuli iyos sapirispiro mimarTulebiT moZravi adamianebis jgufe-
bis gadaadgilebisaTvis. minimum 150 sm siganis sivrce moxerxebuls gax-
dis etliT mosargeblisa da qveiTad mosiarulis gverdigverd gadaadg-
ilebas. bilikebze ar unda arsebobdes raime barieri. daniSnulebis
adgilebs Soris arsebuli bilikebi erTmaneTs safexuris gareSe unda
ukavSirdebodes.

suraTi 3 suraTi 4

gegma 2

16
 gadasasvlelebi da gadasasvlelebis signalebi

vizualur da audio (xmovani) signalebs sargebloba moaqvT yvelas-

aTvis, Tumca damatebiTi miniSnebebi uzrunvelyofen smenis daqveiTebis
mqone, yru, mxedvelobis daqveiTebis mqone da usinaTlo adamianebs usa-
frTxo gadaadgilebas.

quCaze mkafiod unda iyos aRniSnuli da gamoyofili „zebra gadasasv-

leli“. kontrastuli ferisa da teqsturis gamoyeneba mniSvnelovania.

suraTi 5 suraTi 6

gegma 3

bilikebze ar unda iyos 5 mm-ze meti zRrubli da naxeTqi. bilikebi

unda iyos gamZle da ar unda iyos sriala. misi dizaini unda uzrunve-
lyofdes wylis karg drenaJs.

17
 miwisqveSa gadasasvlelebi

suraTi 7 suraTi 8

gegma 4

gegma 5

18
 pandusebi da safexurebi
pandusebis daqaneba,
sigrZe da misasvlelebi

universaluri dizain-
is standartebis Sesabamisi
principebiT adaptirebul
axal SenobebSi Tavidan unda
iqnas acilebuli pandusebis
saWiroeba, Tumca zogierTi
Zveli sivrceebis modifi-
cireba, arsebuli viTarebis
gaTvaliswinebiT, moiTxovs pandusebis gamoyenebas.
pandusebis daqaneba unda iyos araumetes 6%-isa. 10 metrze meti sig-
rZis pandusi saWiroebs “donis platformas” Sesasveneblad (an mimar-
Tulebis Sesacvlelad), yoveli 10 m. monakveTis Semdeg romlis para-
metrebia: 1.5 X1.5 m., maqsimaluri daqanebiT 1,50. pandusis gverdebze,
gadaadgilebis damxmare saSualebebis usafrTxo moZraobisaTvis re-
komendirebulia SemaRlebis gakeTeba, zomebiT 5-10 sm.

pandusis moajirebi da
nabijis usafrTxoeba

idealuria, rom panduss

hqondes moajirebi orive mxares,
or sxvadasxva doneze: 100 sm.
fexiT mosiaruleTaTvis da meo-
re - 75 sm-ze etliT mosargeble
pirebisaTvis. moajirebi pandusis
zeda da qveda mxareebs 30 sm-iT
win unda gasdevdes. universaluri
dizaini ar saWiroebs safexurebs,
Tumca isini gvxvdeba bevr SenobaSi. Tuki ar arsebobs maTi gauqmebis Ses-
aZlebloba, maSin uzrunvelyofili unda iyos maTi usafrTxoeba. gadasv-
lis adgilebi gamokveTili unda iqnas kontrastuli ferebiT. moajirebi
unda ganTavsdes orive mxares 100 sm. simaRleze.

19
 Sesasvlelebi da karebi

Sesasvlelis Robis sigane unda iyos minimum 90 sm, sxvadasxva kate-

goriis adamianebis Tavisufali gadaadgilebis uzrunvelsayofad. axali
Senobebis SemTxvevaSi rekomendebulia 100 sm-ani farTo Sesasvlelebi
radgan moxerxebulia, rogorc didi moculobis bargis mqone, aseve msub-
uqad mogzauri pirebisaTvis.

SenobaSi Sesasvleli karebi

Sesasvleli karebis minimaluri sigane unda iyos 90 sm. rekomendebu-

lia 100 sm. an meti. zRurbli unda iyos ara umetes 2 sm. simaRlisa.
SenobaSi Sesasvlelad - gamosasvlelad ar unda iyos saWiro safexuri.

suraTi 9 suraTi 10

gegma 5

pandusi 6%

20
 karis saxelurebi

karebi advilad unda iRebodes da

iketebodes. mis gasaRebad ar unda
iyos Zalisxmeva saWiro. kargia Ca-
mosawevi an D -formis saxelurebi.
sensoruli an RilakiT marTvadi
kari gacilebiT moxerxebulia, ram-
denadac misi gaReba ar saWiroebs
fizikur Zalas. aseTi karebi aseve
zrdis fexiT mosiaruleTa Sesv-
la-gamosvlis dinebis temps.

vestibiulis Sesasvleli

SesasvlelSi ramdenime karis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, maT Soris ad-

vilad gadaadgilebisaTvis unda arsebobdes iatakis Sesabamisi sivrce
- minimum 120 sm. gaRebul karebs Soris. SuSis karebze aucileblad unda
iyos niSani (markireba), romelic maT SesamCnevs gaxdis yvelasaTvis.
gansakuTrebiT ki mxedvelobis daqve-
iTebis mqone pirebisaTvis.
mTavari Sesasvleli misawvdomi
unda iyos yvela pirisTvis. calke
Sesasvlelis arseboba gadaadgilebis
damxmare saSualebebiT mosarge-
ble pirebisaTvis ar aris sasurve-
li. Tumca, rodesac usafrTxoebis
TvalsazrisiT es aris saukeTeso
gadawyvetileba arsebuli Sesasvle-
lis adaptirebisaTvis, dgeba alter-
natiuli Sesasvlelis saWiroebis
sakiTxi.

interieris adaptireba
Sesasvleli karebis sigane

Senobis interierSi Sesasvleli karis sigane unda iyos 90-100 sm. ked-
lis sivrce karze, saketis ganTavsebis mxridan rekomendebulia minimum
50 sm.-iani kedlis arseboba. sagnebi (mag. sasmeli wylis Sadrevani, man-
iSnebeli simboloebi) ar unda iyos
gamoweuli kedlidan 10 sm-ze metad. Senobis Sida sivrceSi mar-
tivad manevrirebisaTvis, gasasvlelebi unda iyos aranakleb 100 sm-isa.
gadaadgilebis saSualebebis momxmarebelTa martivad samoZraod re-
komendebulia 150 sm. amasTan erTad, sasurvelia, bilikis sigane iyos
21
180 sm. rac saSualebas miscems etliT mosargeble or pirsa da qveiTad
mosiarule an tvirTis mqone pirs, advilad auqcion erTmaneTs gverdi.
(ixileT gegma 2)
Tu Senobis SigniT gamoiyeneba pandusebi, misi daqaneba ar unda iyos
8%-ze meti, xolo usafrTxoebisaTvis moajirebi mis orive mxares unda
ganTavsdes.

doneebis cvla

universalur dizainis mixedviT, gasasvlelebSi ar unda iyos safex-

urebi. doneebis
minimaluri cvlileba (mag. zRurbli) ar unda iyos 2 sm-ze meti. 5 sm-
ze meti nebismieri naxeTqi an naprali unda amoivsos an SekeTdes.

simboloebi da monitorebi

gzis sapovnelad gankuTvnili simboloebi (pirobiTi niSnebi) da mon-

itorebi
unda ganTavsdes Sesabamis adgilebSi. Srifti da waewera advilad
unda ikiTxebodes. zedmeti sikaSkaSis Tavidan asacileblad ar unda iyos
gamoyenebuli sinaTlis amreklavi masalebi.

mravalsarTuliani Senobis adaptireba

liftebi

mravalsarTulian SenobebSi sar-

Tulebze gadaadgilebis yvelaze mar-
tivi saSualeba aris lifti, romel-
ic damontaJebuli unda iyos Senobis
martivad misawvdom adgilas. teqniku-
ri liftebi unda iyos imdenad didi,
rom masSi komfortulad ganTavsdes
etliT mosargeble, tvirTis mqone
piri an adamianTa jgufebi. liftisak-
en mimarTulebis maCvenebeli simbo-
loebi unda iyos martivad wasakiTxi da unda ganTavsdes misken mimavali
gzis mTel monakveTze.

platforma (amwe) liftebi

platforma (amwe) liftebi unda gamoiyenebodes mxolod maSin, rode-

sac pandusis mosawyobad ar aris saWiro sivrce. Sida ganzomilebebi
unda iyos aranakleb 110 sm-isa siganiT da 140 sm siRrmiT. advilad mi-
22
sawvdom Rilakebsa
da warwerebTan er-
Tad rekomendebulia
vizualuri da audio
(xmovani) signalebis
arseboba. yvela Rila-
ki ganTavsebuli unda
iyos iatakidan 80-100
sm. simaRleze da misaw-
vdomi mjdomare, fexze
mdgomi da tandabali
adamianebisaTvis.

kibis ujredis maniSnebeli

kibis ujredis 200 sm. an naklebi simaRlis ukana mxareze (Tuki is

daucvelia), unda ganTavsdes gamafrTxilebeli niSnebi mxedvelobis
daqveiTebis mqone da usinaTlo pirebisaTvis.

safexurebi

universalur dizainSi safexurebi ar gamoiyeneba, Tumca mravalsar-

Tulian da Zvel, modificirebul SenobebSi isini xSirad gvxvdeba. usa-
frTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad safexurebis kideebze datanili unda iyos
kontrastuli feris, taqtiluri masala. safexurebis zomebi unda iyos:
siganiT - 90 sm. an meti, ukana mxridan daculi,siRrmiT- 28-32 sm., safex-
urebs Soris simaRle unda Seadgendes 15- 18 sm. aucilebelia moajirebis
ganTavseba 75 da 100 sm - simaRleze.

suraTi 11 suraTi 12

23
 sacxovrebeli da saabazano oTaxebis
misawvdomoba
sapirfareSo oTaxebi da kabinebi

unitazis simaRle unda iyos iatakidan 45-50 sm, karebamde mis win
manZili - 1,20 sm, xolo gverdebidan - 90 sm, rac etliT mosargebles
gadaadgilebaSi daexmareba.
etliT mosargebleTaTvis aucilebelia 1,50 sm. Semobrunebis radi-
usi. axlos ganlagebuli xelsabani damatebiT komforts da sisufTaves
matebs sapirfareSo oTaxs.

suraTi 13 suraTi 14

gegma 6
damxmare saxeluri

damxmare saxeluri

24
 kabinis kari da kaveuli (metalis sagnebi)

sapirfareSo oTaxsa da kabinaSi Sida gamoyenebadi sivrcis gasazrde-

lad Sesasvleli kari unda iRebodes gareTa mxridan an iyos gverdze
moZravi. karebis minimaluri sigane unda iyos 90 sm. karebis metalis
saxelurebi unda iRebodes advilad, zedmeti Zalisxmevis gareSe. sxva-
dasxva simaRleze ganlagebuli sakidebi sapirfareSoTi mosargeble pirs
saSualebas miscems, nivTebi iatakidan garkveul simaRleze Camohkidos.
sayrdeni saxelurebi usafrTxod unda iyos mimagrebuli kedlebze, ia-
takidan 80 sm. simaRleze. sapirfareSo oTaxi ganTavsebuli unda iyos
moxerxebul adgilas, sazogadoebriv sivrceebsa da gasarTob adgilebam-
de fexiT misasvlel manZilze.

xelsabanebi, onkanebi da sarkeebi

xelsabanis qvemoT unda iyos 70- gegma 6

80 sm. sivrce. simaRlis Tavisufali
sivrce. onkanebi unda regulirde-
bodes xeliT an sensorebiT. sarkee-
bis danaxva SesaZlebeli unda iyos
nebismieri simaRlidan, iatakidan 100
-200 sm-ze.

suraTi 15

yvelaferi unda iyos advilad

misawvdom simaRleze (90 -120 sm.)
nebismieri adamianisaTvis, rogorc
fexzemdgomisTvis aseve mjdomaresTvis. sapnis moZravi dispenseri, pir-
saxocis dispenseri an xelebis eleqtro saSrobi kidev ufro aadvilebs
maT gamoyenebas.

oTaxebis mowyoba

sinaTlis CamrTvelebi, eleqtromowyobilobis CamrTvelebi, gamaT-

boblebisa da kondicionerebis regulatorebi unda iyos ara umetes 80-
120 sm. simaRleze da aranakleb 40 sm-ze qvemoT ganTavsebuli.

avariuli signali: avariuli signalebi unda iyos vizualuri, audio

(smeniTi) da vibraciuli.
karadebi: ujrebi, pirsaxocisa da tansacmlis sakidebi ar unda iyos
iatakidan 90 -120 sm-ze maRla.
25
 iataki: sacxovrebel oTaxebSi iatakis sivrces didi mniSvneloba aqvs
yofiTi amocanebis SesrulebaSi. sacxovrebel da saabazano oTaxebSi
aucilebelia 150 sm-iani Semobrunebis radiusis arseboba. 90 sm. sigan-
is sivrcis arseboba aucilebelia nebismieri mimarTulebiT karadamde,
magidamde da saabazano oTaxamde misasvlelad.

saSxape: abazanasTan SedarebiT

upiratesoba eniWeba saSxapes, ro-
melic ar saWiroebs safexurebis
gamoyenebas. masSi mowyobili unda
iqnas Camosajdomi skami maTTvis,
visac fexze dgoma ar SeuZlia. ska-
mi unda iyos usafrTxod damon-
taJebuli, iatakidan 45-50 sm. si-
maRleze da unda hqondes sazurge
(SesaZloa es iyos kedeli). Sxapis
Slangi unda iyos marTvadi. Sesa-
Zlebeli unda iyos misi xelSi daW-
era da sasurvel poziciaSi, iatakidan 95- 220 sm. simaRleze damagreba.
wylis regulatorebi unda iyos advilad marTvadi da skamTan axlos
ganTavsebuli.
idealuria oTaxSi sveli wertilis arseboba. Tuki amis SesaZlebloba
ar aris, etliT mosargeble pirebisaTvis adaptirebuli abazana yovel
sarTulze unda mdebareobdes.

kvebisa da sacalo vaWrobis servisi

iatakis sivrce da misawvdomoba

SenobaSi Tavisufali gadaadgilebis da sxva sivrceebis (mag.sapirfare-

So) wvdomisaTvis saWiroa 100-120 sm. iatakis Ria sivrce iseT sagnebs
Soris, rogorebicaa magidebi an daxlebi. bilikebi da gasasvlelebi Ta-
visufali unda iyos barierebisagan. produqtebi ganTavsebuli unda iyos
yvelasaTvis martivad misawvdom (daaxloebiT 90-120 sm) adgilebze. far-
To gasaxdelebi moxerxebulia yvelasaTvis, iqneba es etliT mosarge-
ble, bavSvebTan erTad myofi adamiani Tu didi bargisa da gorgolaWebi-
ani CanTebis mflobeli. es ki gulisxmobs oTaxSi 150 sm. Semobrunebis
sivrcis arsebobas, kedelze saTanado simaRleze ganlagebul sakidebs
da aranakleb 45 sm simaRlis Camosajdomi skamis arsebobas.

26
 suraTi 16 suraTi 17

gegma 7
sworia Secdoma

magidebi da dasajdomi adgilebi

magidas umjobesia, hqondes erTi, SuaSi ganTavsebuli fexi, rac etliT

mosargebles SesaZleblobas miscems, survilis SemTxvevaSi etliTve
komfortulad ganTavsdes magidasTan. magidis qveda mxares Ria sivrce
unda iyos 70-75 sm simaRlis. baris magida misawvdomi gaxdeba, Tuki misi
simaRle iqneba gacilebiT dabali, xolo bars ukan iataki imgvarad
daweuli, rom momsaxure personali da klienti pirispir uyurebdnen
erTmaneTs.

TviTmomsaxureba

sakvebis, sasmelis miRebis, fulis gadaxdis da nagavis gadasayreli

sivrceebis dagegmvisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas TviT momsaxure-
bis SesaZlebloba. inventari unda iyos advilad misawvdomi mjdomare an
fexze dgomis poziciidan. inventari, maT Soris erTi xeliT mosaxmari
(mag. sasmeli wylis aparatebi) ganTavsebuli unda iyos iatakidan 90-120
sm simaRleze.

27
 warwerebi da simboloebi

warwerebi unda iyos advilad wasakiTxi, kontrastul ferebSi, msx-

vili SriftiT Sesrulebuli. kedelis elmonitorze warmodgenili in-
formaciis kidev erT alternativas msxvili SriftiT amobeWdili naw-
eri warmoadgens.

salaro aparatebi

Tanxis gadaxdis/bileTebis/rezervaciis/informaciis aparatebi momx-

mareblisTvis unda iyos advilad misawvdomi, iatakidan 80 sm-ze. yvela
sasurveli operaciis Catareba unda xdebodes martivad. es komunikacias
umartivebs etliT mosargeble pirebsa da tandabal adamianebs. aseve,
sasargebloa win wamoweuli daxli, romelic etliT mosargebles ar
SeuSlis gadaadgilebas.

suraTi 19
adaptirebuli saavadmyofo

suraTi 18

suraTi 20

erTsawoliani palata
gegma 8

orsawoliani palata

28
 zRva da sanapiro
sanapiros wvdomis punqtebi

wvdomis punqtebis ganlagebis saukeTeso variants maTi parkingTan,

sapirfareSosa da inkluziuri tipis saSxapesTan axlos mdebareoba war-
moadgens. zRvis sanapiros gaswvriv mravali aseTi misawvdomi adgili
unda moewyos.

ficarnagi biliki

mravalfunqciuri biliki
(ficarnagi) meti moxerxebu-
lobisaTvis SeiZleba erTma-
neTTan akavSirebdes sastum-
roebs, maRaziebs da zRvis
misawvdom sanapiro punqtebs.
mas aqvs garkveuli ekonomi-
kuri efeqti da SesaZleblo-
bas aZlevs adamianebis sx-
vadasxva jgufebs, advilad
gadaadgildnen daniSnulebis
adgilamde. ficarnagi biliki
Sesrulebuli unda iqnas bi-
likebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebuli standartebiT, rac gulisxmobs safex-
urebis ararsebobas, swor zedapirebs da minimaluri daqanebas.

bilikebi
(qveiTad sasiarulo gzebi)

bilikebi unda iyos aranakleb 100 sm. siganisa, xolo misi daxriloba
ar unda Seadgendes 6%- ze naklebs, rac adamianebs daexmareba sanapiroze
Tavisuflad gadaadgilebaSi. bilikebi unda iyos gamZle, safexurebis,
didi naxeTqebisa da araumetes 5 mm-iani napralebis gareSe. ryevadi an
qviSiani safari arTulebs etliTa da gadaadgilebis sxva saSualebebiT
mosargebleTa moZraobas.

wyalTan (zRva) wvdoma

wylisken (zRvisken) mimavali

biliki an pandusi yvelas uad-
vilebs wyalTan wvdomas. zog
adamians wyalSi usafrTxod Cas-
asvlelad SeiZleba adapturi aR-
Wurvilobis (specialuri skamebisa
da moZravi mowyobilobis) gamoyene-
ba esaWiroebodes. aseT SemTxvevaSi
29
damatebiT daxmarebasa da aRWurvilobis usafrTxo gamoyenebas uzrun-
velyofen maSvelebi.

Crdili da dasveneba

uxvad daCrdiluli dasasven-

ebeli adgilebis arseboba mniS-
vnelovania maTTvis, visac jan-
mrTelobis problemebi eqmnebaT
garemos maRali temperaturis
dros da xSirad esaWiroebaT
dasveneba.

gasarTobi obieqtebi da maTi mdebareoba

universaluri dizainis mixedviT didi mniSvneloba eniWeba gasarTo-

bi obieqtebis mowyobasa da maT mdebareobas. mniSvnelovania aRvniSnoT,
rom aqac gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos parkingis, bilikebis, ganaTebi-
sa da pirobiTi niSnebis Sesaxeb aqamde warmodgenili yvela standarti.
dizainis yvela elementis gaTvaliswineba umartivebs nebismieri indi-
vids, sxvebTan erTad garTobasa da uzrunvelyofs maT CarTulobas.

dasajdomi adgilebi

RonisZiebis adgilze arsebuli dasajdomi adgilebi unda aZlevdes

kargad danaxvis saSualebas yvela adamians, miuxedavad imisa, zis Tu
fexze dgas. etliT mosargebleTaTvis gankuTvnili sivrce unda moewyos
swor zedapirze, misi Tanmxlebi pirebis (megobrebi, ojaxis wevrebi) gan-
Tavsebis adgilebis gverdiT. dasajdomi adgilebi SeiZleba iyos por-
tatuli da sxvadasxva individis saWiroebaze morgebuli. specialurad
gamoyofili adgilebi unda mdebareobdes axlos sapirfareSosa da kvebis
obieqtebTan.

suraTi 21 suraTi 22

30
 gegma 9

saTamaSo moednebi

inkluziuri tipis saTamaSo moednebi ojaxis wevrebisaTvis urTier-

Tobis karg saSualebas warmoadgens. is ara mxolod bavSvebs uqmnis saTa-
maSod usafrTxo da keTilganwyobil garemos, aramed saSualebas aZlevs
mSoblebs, Tavadac CaerTon da Tvalyuri adevnon sakuTar Svilebs. bi-
likebis siganisa da daqanebis Sesaxeb zogierTi mosazreba gasaTvalis-
winebelia am sivrceebis mowyobis SemTxvevaSic.

velosipedistTa da qveiTad mosiaruleTa bilikebi

moZravi avtotransportisagan
gamoyofili, velosipedebiTa da
qveiTad mosiaruleTa sivrceebi/
bilikebi damatebiTi usafrTx-
oebiTa da moxerxebulobiT uz-
runvelyofs yvelas. savelosipe-
do da safexmavlo gzaze ar unda
iyos aranairi safexuri an win-
aRoba. bilikebi unda iyos mkaf-
iod daxazuli, gansakuTrebiT
ormxrivi moZraobis SemTxvevaSi.
maTi upiratesobaa avtotrans-
portze naklebi damokidebuleba, sawvavis naklebad gamoyeneba, meti adg-
ili parkingisaTvis, fizikuri aqtivobebisagan gaumjobesebuli janmrT-
eloba.

31
 monitorebi

sainformacio monitorebi da simboloebi (pirobiTi niSnebi) muze-

umebsa da sxva kulturul dawesebulebebSi, sadac saeqskursio turebi
tardeba, stumrebs unda sTavazobdnen informaciis miRebis alternati-
ul audio da vizualur saSualebebs.

sazogadoebrivi transporti
transportireba

satransporto kvanZebis, gaCerebebis an sadgurebis mdebareoba Tanabrad

unda iyos ganawilebuli mTel qalaqSi. yvela gaCereba misawvdomi unda
iyos safexurebis gareSe. zogjer SeiZleba saWiro gaxdes pandusis, lif-
tis an amwevi meqanizmis mowyoba, Tumca gadaadgilebis saSualebebiT
mosargeble mgzavrebs ar unda dasWirdeT sxva momxmarebelTaTvis mis-
awvdomi marSrutis alternatiuli gzebis Zebna. Tuki terminalebze ada-
mianebs did manZilze gadaadgileba esaWiroebaT, mniSvnelovania moZravi
eskalatorebisa da dasasvenebeli adgilebis arseboba.

Tanxis gadaxda da gasasvlelebi

Tanxis gadaxdis aparatebi ganTavsebuli unda iyos sxvadasxva doneze,

advilad misawvdom simaRleze. daniSnulebis adgilamde mimaval gzaze
miTiTebuli mimarTulebebi unda iyos martivad dasanaxi da gasagebi, kon-
trastul ferebSi Sesrulebuli. damatebiTi komfortisaTvis gadaadg-
ilebis saSualebebiT mosargeble mgzavrebs unda moemsaxuros damxmare
personali. gasasvlelebi unda iyos minimum 85 sm., rac yvela individs
miscems maTi gamoyenebis saSualebas.

32
 mosacdelebi da dasajdomi adgilebi

sazogadoebrivi transportis gaCerebebze ganTavsebuli mosacdelebi

efeqturia cudi amindisagan Tavis dasacavad. mosacdelebSi unda iyos
skamebi/adgilebi dasasveneblad da, aseve, sivrce etliT, gorgolaWebi-
ani urikebiTa da CanTebiT mosargebleTaTvis.

Casxdoma da mgzavroba

kontrastuli ferebi, taqtiluri masalebis cvlilebebi da ganaTeba

is maxasiaTeblebia, romlebic platformis kides aRniSnaven da erTgvari
usafrTxoebis signals warmoadgenen. Sesasvleli kari unda iyos 85 sm.
an meti siganisa. zRurbli (sivrce) platformasa da transports Soris
unda iyos minimaluri. pandusis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi misi daqaneba
unda iyos ara umetes 6%-isa.
transportSi arsebuli iatakis sivrce saSualebas unda aZlevdes
adamianebs, Tavisuflad ganTavsdnen gadaadgilebis saSualebebiT, aseve
gorgolaWebiani urikebiTa da bargiT. moZraobis usafrTxoebisaTvis
unda iyos dayrdnobis saSualeba ramdenime simaRleze, mjdomare da fex-
ze mdgomi adamianisaTvis.

33
 parkingi

adaptirebuli parkingi unda mdebareobdes SesasvlelebTan axlos,

Sesabamisi simboloebis (pirobiTi niSnebis) TvalsaCino adgilebze da
iatakze ganTavsebiT. aqve unda iyos velotransportis gasaCerebeli adg-
ilebi. simboloebiT unda iyos gamoyofili calke parkingis, Casxdomis
da transportis samoZrao adgilebi.
parkingze ar unda iyos aranairi borcvi, zRurbli an naprali. parkin-
gi mowyobili unda iyos swor, gluv zedapirze, daqanebiT ara umetes 1:50
sm-isa.

suraTi 23 suraTi 24

gegma 10 msubuqi avtomobili mikroavtobusi

gegma 11

34
 gegma 12

aSS-Si adaptirebuli parkingis sivrce aris 2,5 m siganisa gverdiTi

misasvlelebiT, romelic saWiroa avtomobilidan gadmosuli pirisaT-
vis etlze gadasajdomad. aseTi misasvlelebi aris 1,5 m siganis msubuqi
avtomanqanebisaTvis da 2,5 m mikroavtobusebisaTvis.

35
 adaptirebuli transporti evropaSi
berlinis magaliTi

dRes berlins erTerTi yvelaze adaptirebuli sarkinigzo sistema

aqvs msoflioSi. axali matareblebi Seqmnilia ise, rom manZili plad-
formidan matareblis iatakamde minimumamdea dayvanili. (matareblebis
axali modeli - U-Bahn)

adaptirebuli matarebeli

Zveli model-
is matarebelSi
etliT mosarge-
ble pirs SeuZlia
winaswar mimar-
Tos gamcilebels,
raTa man SeZlos
portatuli pan-
dusis gadadeba
pladformasa da

matarebelze. pandusebi Seqmnil-

ia evropuli standartebis srulad
gaTvaliswinebiT.
axali sadgurebis umetesoba
S-Bahn- modelis matareblebisTvis
aRWurvilia liftebiT, pandusebiT
da amwe-liftebiT. pladforma da
matareblis iataki erTi simaRlisaa
da ar arsebobs maT Soris manZili, rac aadvilebs etliT mosargeble-
TaTvis matarebelSi Sesvala-gamosvlas. axali modelis matareblebis
yvela vagonSi gamoyofilia sivrce SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirTaTvis. aseve SemuSavebulia sarkinigzo rukebi, romlebzec datanil-
ia saWiro informacia SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebisTvis.
matareblebSi sruli standartebis dacviT aris gakeTebuli sveli
wertilebi. etliT mosargeble pirs SeuZlia Tavisuflad Sevides, mo-
trialdes da gamoiyenos moajirebi.

36
 tramvai berlinSi
marSutebis umetesoba adap-
tirebulia etliT mosargeble-
TaTvis. karebis centrebSi gan-
Tavsebulia pandusebi, romelsac
marTavs konduqtori. karebi da
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirebis adgilebi aRniSnulia
maTTvis gankuTvnili specialuri
niSnebiT da simboloebiT.

adaptirebuli avtobusi

350 -ze meti smarSruto

gza srulad adaptirebulia
etliT mosargebleTaTvis.
1300-ze meti avtobusi sru-
lad xelmisawvdomia SezRud-
uli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirTaTvis. avtobusSi gamoy-
ofilia sivrce da specialu-
ri adgilebi, rogorc etliT
mosargeble, aseve Cvili bavS-
vis myole pirTaTvis. asasv-
lel da Camosasvlel karebSi
damontaJebulia avtomaturad samarTavi pandusi.
mniSvnelovania sistemuri midgoma yvela detalisadmi. garemos adap-
tireba fragmentulad ver mogvcems sasurvel Sedegs. ra saWiroa pandu-
si, Tu Senobis SigniT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piri ver SeZlebs
miiRos sasurveli momsaxureba, Tu usinaTlo ver SeZlebs gzis gakv-
levas xmovani mimTiTeblebisa da taqtiluri bilikebis gareSe.

37
 garemos adaptireba evropaSi

rodesac vsaubrobT adaptirebaze unda vifiqroT masStaburad da

gaviTvaliswinoT TiToeuli detali dawyebuli informaciis misawvdo-
mobiT, damTavrebuli ubralod ganaTebiT.

kijima heideto gaxlavT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone, etliT mo-

sargeble piri, romelic aris inkluziuri turizmisa da garemos adap-
tirebis kuTxiT msoflio eqsperti. mas Semovlili aqvs uamravi qveyana
msoflios masStabiT, maTi Seswavlisa da Sefasebis mizniT.
sainteresoa evropis im qveynebis Sesaxeb, etliT mosargeble piris
mosazreba, romlebic adaptirebas sruli standartebis dacviT anxor-
cieleben.

didi britaneTi -2001-2012 wlebi

adaptireba did britaneTSi iaponiis analogiuria. dacva da izola-

cia. me ar miyvars gamoyofa.
sazogado TavSeyris adgilebSi ganTavsebulia adaptirebuli sveli
wertilebi, Tumca zogjer daketilia. SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
adgilobriv pirebs aqvT gasaRebi turistebs ki sapirfareSoTi sarge-
bloba ar SeuZliaT.
2012-Si olimpiuri wels londonidan SotlandiaSi mindoda gafrena
reisiT „City Jetto“. TviTmfrinavSi asasvlelad 10 safexuri aviare,
Sevedi da sakuTari xelebis daxmarebiT gadavjeqi Cems adgilze. Tumca
aviakompaniam uari miTxra am reisiT frenaze da momiwia Tavidan gameara,
martos igive gza, rom gadavmjdariyavi CemTvis gankuTvnil reisze, sxva
aeroportSi - 120km -iT Sors.

bulgareTi 2007 weli

etliT mosargeblisTvis sofia ar aris adaptirebuli da rTulia

dedaqalaqSi gadaadgileba. Tumca umTavresi problemaa kvalificiuri
personalia. ganaTlebis nakleboba qmnis uamrav bariers.

irlandia -2007 weli

irlandia adaptirebulia. dublinSi yvela Senoba, gadasasvlelbi da

tranporti xelmisawvdomia etliT mosargeble pirisTvis. Tumca aero-
portsi igrZnoba personalis dabali kvalifikacia urTierTobis etikis
kuTxiT.

38
 universaluri dizainis mixedviT
mowyobili sivrceebi

nebismieri parkingis dizainSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos gverdi-

Ti misasvlelebi, magram ukeT gamoyenebisaTvis misi sigane unda iyos
3,5 m. es mosaxerxebelia etliTa da gadaadgilebis sxva saSualebebiT
mosargeble pirebisTvis. etlis Sesasvlelad gverdiTi liftis mqone
mikroavtobusebisaTvis gacilebiT meti sivrcea saWiro.

Slagbaumebi da karebi

adamianebs ar unda sWirdebodeT manqanidan gadmosvla Slagbaumebisa

da karebebis gasaRebad. moxerxebuli da swrafia distanciurad marTva-
di, advilad misawvdomi Rilakebis arseboba.

avtofarexi

avtofarexis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi Ria gasasvlelis simaRle unda

iyos 2,5 m., maRali avtotransportis gasasvlelad.

ganaTeba

ganaTeba mniSvnelovania usafrTxoebisa da daculobisaTvis. Sesabamis

adgilebSi sworad ganlagebuli ganaTebis wyaroebi exmareba mxedvelobis
SezRudvis mqone pirebs gadaadgilebasa da gzis usafrTxod gakvlevaSi.
garda usafrTxoebis signalis mizniT gamoyenebisa, yru da smenis Sez-
Rudvis mqone pirebs ganaTeba exmareba garemodan meti informaciis miRe-
baSi, ramdenadac smenis SezRudvis gamo isini metad arian damokidebul-
ni TavianT mxedvelobaze. ganaTeba SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos bilikebis
mimarTulebis, Sesasvlelebis, klaviaturis Rilakebis da sainformacio
simboloebis gasanaTeblad.

gafantuli ganaTeba

gafantuli Suqi xels uwyobs erTgvari garemos Seqmnas an misi konk-

retuli sivrceebis “aRqmas”. is warmoadgens ganaTebis ZiriTad wyaros
quCasa da Sida sivrceebSi. imisaTvis, rom garemo gaxdes ufro funqciu-
ri, aseTi ganaTeba SeiZleba daematos reostatiT an taimeriT reguli-
rebad sanaTebs; gafantuli Suqi ar unda iyos Zalian naTeli da kaSkaSa;
Crdilebis Sesamcireblad damatebiT unda arsebobdes ganaTebis sxva
wyaroc.

“muSa” ganaTeba

“muSa” ganaTebis mizania konkretuli samuSao sivrcis an adgilis ga-

naTeba da gafantuli ganaTebis Canacvleba, rac xSir SemTxvevaSi efeq-
turia, Tumca zogjer did Crdilebs qmnis. “muSa” ganaTeba amcirebs ase-
Ti Crdilebis, sikaSkaSis arsebobas da ar uSlis mis momxmarebels iseTi
39
davalebebis SesrulebaSi xels, rogoricaa mag: kiTxva, sakvebis momzade-
ba, Wama an abazanaSi yofiTi amocanebis Sesruleba. kargi “muSa” ganaTeba
naklebad iwvevs Tvalis gadaRlas.

aqcentirebuli ganaTeba

aqcentirebuli ganaTebis dros yuradRebis centrSi eqceva sivrceSi

arsebuli mniSvenelovani sagnebi. mag. suraTi, skulptura, xedi an Se-
nobis raime maxasiaTebeli. aqcentirebuli ganaTebis saSualebiT Sesa-
Zlebelia adamianebisaTvis raime safrTxeze miniSneba (mag. matareblis
platformis kide). aseTi ganaTebis gamoyenebis mizania ara Tavad ganaTeba-
ze, aramed konkretul situaciaze yuradRebis gamaxvileba.

bunebrivi ganaTeba

bunebriv ganaTebas SeuZlia eleqtro energiaze daxarjuli xarjebis

Semcireba da garemos ganaTebis uzrunvelyofa. mzis sxivebis mimarTule-
baze dakvirveba da is, Tu rogoria sxvadasxva sezonze ganaTeba, gviCven-
ebs Tu ra gavlenas axdens bunebrivi ganaTeba garemo sivrceze.

ganaTleba, advokatireba da
sazogadoebasTan komunikacia

ganaTlebis xarisxis amaRlebas SeuZlia, Secvalos Cveni sazoga-

doeba, Tuki adamianebi gacilebiT farTo masStabebiT daiwyeben adap-
tirebis mxriv arsebuli SesaZleblobis gaazrebas. media da sxva so-
cialuri saSualebebi ayalibeben cnobierebas universaluri dizainis
upiratesobebis Sesaxeb mTeli mosaxleobisaTvis. aRniSnuli sakiTxebis
mcodne pirebma unda aswavlon sxvadasxva profesionalebs warmodgenili
cnebebis mniSvneloba, rac xels Seuwyobs garemos adaptirebis mudmiv
gaumjobesebas da sazogadoebis sul ufro farTo jgufebis CarTulo-
bas. yvela dainteresebulma mxarem, rogoricaa samTavrobo struqture-
bi, advokatirebis adgilobrivi jgufebi, biznesis mflobelebi, inves-
torebi da unversaluri dizainis mxardamWerebi, unda imuSaon erTad,
raTa Secvalon maTi produqtebisa da servisebisadmi momxmarebelTa
interesi da aamaRlon maTi samomxmareblo kultura. msoflioSi jer
kidev bevri adamiani Tvlis, rom ar SeuZlia srulad CaerTos sazoga-
doebriv cxovrebaSi, ramdenadac isini ar floben informacias arsebuli
SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb.
universalur dizains SeuZlia mniSvnelovnad Secvalos Cveni sazoga-
doeba, Tuki adamianebi
gacilebiT farTo masStabebiT daiwyeben adaptirebis mxriv arsebuli
SesaZleblobis gaazrebas.

40
 eleqtronuli formatis informacia da dizaini

eleqtronul formatSi informaciis misaRebad adamianebi iyeneben

telefonebs, sxvadasxva saxis kompiuterebs da es maT saqmes uadvilebs.
informacia adgilobrivi servisebis, RirsSesaniSnaobebis, garTobis sa-
Sualebebisa da mTlianad turizmis Sesaxebac ki momxmarebels aZlevs
saSualebas, moiZios informacia da meti gaigos misgan Sors mdebare
adgilebis Sesaxeb. zusti da ganaxlebadi informacia adamianebs met in-
teress aRuZravs arsebuli SeTavazebebis mimarT.

marketingi

garemos adaptirebis principebi detalurad unda iyos wardgenili,

raTa nebismier pirs Seeqmnas mkafio xedva misTvis SeTavazebuli garemos
funqcionaluri aspeqtebis Sesaxeb. es exeba yvela servissa Tu turizm-
Tan dakavSirebul masalas, gansakuTrebiT ki daniSnulebis mTavar adg-
ilebs da SesaZlo aqtivobebs. reitingis Skalis arseboba adamianebs
SeiZleba, daexmaros ukeT gaiazron TavianTi SesaZleblobebi miwodebul
konteqstTan mimarTebaSi. rac inkluziis SemTxvevaSi moiTxovs adamianis
funqcionirebis SesaZleblobebis kargad codnas da gaazrebas. aseve, sa-
sargebloa universaluri simboloebiT adgilebze arsebuli servisebisa
da informaciis (mag. Jesturi ena, audio saSualebebi da sxva) gacnoba.

kvalificiuri personali

personals unda hqondes informacia momxmareblis potenciuri in-

dividualuri saWiroebebis Sesaxeb. meti usafrTxoebisaTvis saWiroa
trening kursebis Catareba saavario SemTxvevebis, momsaxurebis servisis,
swori terminologiis- urTierTobis eTikis Taobaze.

41
 SesaZleblobaTa SezRudvis
istoria saqarTveloSi

saqarTveloSi SesaZleblobaTa SezRudvas sakmaod saintereso is-

toria aqvs. CvenTan adamianebis damokidebuleba ar yofila erTmniS-
vnelovani. Cven qarTuli folklorisa da zepirsityiverebis analizis
safuZvelze SegviZlia davaskvnaT, Tu rasTan asocirdeboda SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone piri da rogori damokidebuleba hqondaT Sesa-
ZleblobaTa SezRudvisadmi qarTvelebs. miuxedavad dadebiTi midgome-
bisa, arc saqarTveloSi iyo swori damokidebuleba SezRuduli Sesa-
Zleblobis mqone pirTa mimarT. droTa ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibda Rrma,
diskriminaciuli da stereotipuli Sexedulebebi, romlebic mZlavrad
CaibeWda sazogadoebis mentalobaSi.
dRes SesaZleblobaTa SezRudvis ori midgoma arsebobs msoflioSi
- tradiciuli (samedicino) da Tanamedrove (socialuri). pirveli mod-
eli ZiriTadad efuZneba im tradiciebs, romlebic fizikuri SezRudvisa
da SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis mimarT hqonda sazogadoe-
bas uZvelesi droidan, xolo Tanamedrove xedva mniSvnelovnad mijnavs
samedicino diagnozs da aqcents garemosa da sazogadoebrivi azris
Secvlaze akeTebs.
SezRuduli SesaZleblobisadmi tradiciuli midgomis dros aqcenti
adamianis fizikur SezRudulobasa da naklovanebaze keTdeba, SezRudu-
li SesaZleblobis mqone piri, rogorc problema, ganixileba samedicino
WrilSi da amitom SesaZleblobebis SezRudvis mqone piris potencials
saTanado yuradReba ar eqceva, rac, saboloo jamSi, misi uflebebisa
da interesebis dacvas ver uzrunvelyofs da amyofebs diskriminaciul
garemoSi.
ra xdis adamians SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirad? - am kiTx-
vaze samedicino da socialuri midgomiT moazrovne adamianebi sruliad
gansxvavebul pasuxs gagvcemen:
tradiciuli midgomis Tanaxmad, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqo-
nea adamiani, romelic - ver dadis, ver saubrobs, ver xedavs; romelsac
sWirdeba mudmivi da gansakuTrebuli daxmareba; romelsac ar SeuZlia
sakuTari ZalisxmeviT survilebisa da interesebis dakmayofileba... Se-
sabamisad, aseTi xedvis SemTxvevaSi xazgasxma xdeba mxolod imaze, Tu
ra „ar SeuZlia“ adamians, xolo yuradRba imas, Tu „ra SeuZlia“ mas,
saerTod ar eqceva.
amgvari midgomebi da xedvebi kidev ufro Rrmad nergaven im cru war-
modgenebsa da stereotipebs, romlebic qmnian diskriminaciul garemos
da SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs gariyul mdgomareobaSi amy-
ofeben.
Tanamedrove modelis mixedviT, moazrovne adamianisTvis SezRudu-
li SesaZleblobis mqone piri niSnavs: saxelmwifo struqturebisa da
institutebis, garemosa da sazogadoebrivi azris iseT erTobliobas,
romlis drosac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamianis Tavisu-
flebis koeficienti Zalian dabalia. rodesac mas ar SeuZlia damou-
kideblad gadaadgileba; rodesac ar SeuZlia miiRos sasurveli ga-

42
naTleba da dasaqmdes ara sakuTari inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis,
aramed garemos keTilmouwyoblobis gamo. roca sazogadoebrivi azri ki
ar icavs SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirs xelovnurad da arao-
bieqturad Seqmnili dabrkolebebisgan, aramed piriqiT, amyofebs mas
gausaZlis pirobebSi da izolaciaSi.
aqedan gamomdinare, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piri, samwux-
arod mwvave problemad iTvleba, magram imisaTvis, rom gadaiWras es
sakiTxebi, adamiani ki ar unda SevcvaloT da movargoT garemos (yvelaze
saitereso da kuriozuli is aris, rom samedicino modeli Tavad Sez-
Ruduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamians ganixilavs problemad), aramed
piriqiT, unda SevcvaloT, anu keTilmovawyoT garemo da avamaRloT sazo-
gadoebrivi azri. (anu SeuZlebelia adamiani iyos problema, problema
mxolod is garemoa, romelSic cxovrobs).
Tu or adamians ar SeuZlia erTnairad avides kibeze, maSin saWiroa ga-
keTdes biliki, sadac nebismieri adamiani Tavisuflad SeZlebs gadaadg-
ilebas. Tu adamians daqveiTebuli aqvs mxedveloba an smena, saWiroa
arsebobdes iseTi damxmare saSualebebi, rac uzrunvelyos mis CarTulo-
bas, daexmarebian mas adaptaciaSi da, Sesabamisad, igi aRar igrZnobs
Tavs SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirad, vinaidan, rogorc aRiniSna,
adamians SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piris sinamdvileSi fizikuri
darRveulobis nacvlad - damabrkolebeli faqtorebi Zenen.
Cven mkacrad unda gavmijnoT fizikuri darRveva da socialuri
statusi, romelsac „SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piri“ hqvia...
rodesac Cven vsaubrobT fizikur darRvevaze, vgulisxmobT konkretuli
adamianis ama Tu im organos, an sxeulis nawils, romelic SezRudulia,
da ara Tavad pirovnebas, an mis unarebsa da SesaZleblobas, romelic
SeiZleba amouwuravi da usazRvroc iyos. saWiroa mxolod is, rom yve-
la adamians ganviTarebisTvis Tanabari pirobebi da SesaZleblobebi Se-
eqmnes, rom TiToeuli adamiani sakuTari organos, an sxeulis romelime
nawilis dazianebisa da Seferxebuli ganviTarebis gamo ar Camoscildes
sazogadoebaSi mimdinare politikur, ekonomikur, socialur da kul-
turul procesebs da mudam grZnobdes Tavs sazogadoebis srulfasovan
wevrad.
socialuri modeli askvnis, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirebi iseve, rogorc sxva yvela danarCeni, mudmivad rodi saWiroeben
samedicino daxmarebas, ris gamoc ar SeiZleba isini ganxilul iqnen,
rogorc samedicino moxmarebis mudmivi obieqtni.
socialuri modeli SemuSavebul iqna, rogorc paradigma, romel-
sac unda warmoedgina arsebuli problemis axleburi aRqma da araTu
konkurencia gaewia samedicino modelisaTvis, aramed mTlianad Seecvala
igi. amitom is imTaviTve mimarTul iqna iseT dabrkolebaTa winaaRmdeg,
ris gamoc SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi imyofebian izola-
ciaSi da ar aqvT saSualeba, gaxdnen sazogadoebis sruluflebiani da
srulfasovani wevrebi.
unda aRiniSnos, rom socialuri modelis sruli miRebis gareSe Seu-
Zlebeli iqneboda SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebisTvis msof-
lio programis amoqmedeba, romelic 1981 wels miiRo gaerTianebuli

43
erebis organizaciam generalur assambleaze. am programam „daamowma,
rom SezRuduli sesaZleblobis mqone pirebs unda hqondeT iseTive sa-
Sualeba da berketebi cxovrebis donis amaRlebisTvis, rogorc yvela
sxva moqalaqes aqvs. daculi unda iyos maTi interesebi politikur, so-
cialur da kulturul seqtorebSi. amasTanave, am programaSi pirvelad
ganisazRvra socialuri modelis gageba, rogorc saurTierTobo funq-
cia SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebsa da maT irgvliv arsebul
samyaros Soris.
Cven kidev didi muSaoba mogviwevs, sanam absoluturad ganvTavisu-
fldebiT samedicino modelis marwuxebisgan. miuxedavad imisa, rom so-
cialuri modelis arseboba ukve 20 welze mets iTvlis da misi ZiriT-
adi debulebani araerTi qveynis xelisuflebam moismina da miiRo, mainc
aravis miuRia Zlieri da efeqturi antidiskriminaciuli kanonebi, ro-
melic daexmareboda SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs TviTdam-
kvidrebaSi. sazogadoebis azri am sferoSi sakmaod nela icvleba, Sez-
Ruduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamianebi isev ganicdian diskriminacias
da awydebian uamrav damamcirebel faqtorebs. maT dRemde ise uyureben,
rogoc „qvelmoqmedebis obieqts“ da sazogadoebis did nawils uWirs
imis warmodgena, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi sinamd-
vileSi sulac ar gansxvavdebian e.w .„Cveulebriv adamianebisgan“ da nam-
dvilad ar arian sazogadoebis meore da mesamexarisxovani wevrebi. Tu am
situaciis Secvla SesaZlebelia, maSin mTavari sityva aq isev SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirebma unda Tqvan, vinaidan maT mizanmimarTul
qmedebebsa da aqtivobebs udidesi mniSvneloba eniWebaT.

damoukidebeli cxovrebis filosofia

gasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi Sez-

Ruduli SesaZleblobis sruliad gansxvavebul xedvas Caeyara safuZve-
li. am xedvas SemdgomSi „damoukidebeli cxovrebis filosofia“ ewoda,
ramac mniSvnelovnad Seuwyo xeli SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis axali
ideologiisa da midgomebis damkvidrebas. Tamamad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom
„damoukidebeli cxovrebis filosofia“ msoflio sazogadoebas daexmara
SesaZleblobaTa SezRudva sruliad axali kuTxiT daenaxa da gaecno.
maSin amerikaSi safuZvels iyrida SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone
pirTa uflebebisa da interesebis dacvaze mimarTuli moZraoba, romel-
sac saTaveSi SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone axalgazrdebi: ed rob-
ertsi, judi qiumani, vaid blenki da jastin darti edgnen. sworedac rom
ed robertsma da misma megobrebma Secvales maSindeli samyaro da msof-
lio sazogadoebas daumtkices, Tu ramdenad amouwuravia adamianis Ses-
aZlebloba. maT mizanmimarTuli moqmedebebisa da piradi aqtivobis xar-
jze diskriminaciul garemoSic SeZles sakuTari saTqmelis dafiqsireba
da TviTdamkvidreba, riTac daexmarnen SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
Zalian bevr pirs, raTa naklebad diskriminaciul garemoSi ecxovraT.
msoflxedva, romelic hqondaT maT, iyo Zalian martivi da origi-
naluri: „damoukidebeli cxovrebis filosofia ufro fsiqologiuri

44
faqtoria, vidre materiluri sagani“, - ambobda ed robertsi. samyaro-
Si arsebobs damokidebulebaTa jaWvi, romelic sinamdvileSi adamiani-
saTvis Tavisuflebis usafrTxoebas qmnis. Cven, yvelani, garkveulwilad
varT erTmaneTze damokidebulni, magram es ar niSnavs, rom amiT Cveni Ta-
visufleba izRudeba! piriqiT, Cveni profesiuli codniT xels vuwyobT
erTmaneTis damoukideblobis koeficientis zrdas da iyo damoukidebe-
li - niSnavs sxvis damoukideblobasac uwyobde xels! „damoukidebeli
cxovrebis filosofia“ eweva SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa
amouwuravi potencialis propagandas da icavs maT uflebebs.
samyaroSi, sadac TiToeuli adamiani damokidebulia rogorc saku-
Tar, aseve sxvis niWierebasa da codnaze, cxovreba ufro advili da kom-
fortuli xdeba. magaliTad: nebismieri Cvengani damokidebulia ener-
getikosebze da energo sistemis mwyobridan gamosvlam, SesaZloa Cveni
qmediTunarianobis paralizebac gamoiwvios; TiToeuli adamiani damok-
idebulia kbilis pastis, Samponisa da sxva higienuri saSualebebis mwar-
moeblebze, risi deficitis SemTxvevaSic Cveni SemarTeba SesaZloa sakma-
od daeces da sxva adamianebTan urTierTobisas garkveuli diskomforti
vigrZnoT. ase SeiZleba usasrulobdamde gagrZeldes. realoba ki erTia:
„ar arsebobs adamiani, romelsac ar gaaCndes raimes niWi da misi sworad
ganviTareba Cveni cxovrebis keTildReobaze pirdapir aisaxeba. amitom
Cven ar gvaqvs ufleba, cru-warmodgenebisa da stereotipebis safuZvel-
ze vinmes vriyavdeT da ver vafasebdeT “. kbilis jagrisi, fexsacmeli, sa-
mosi da sxva msgavsi nivTebi arian Cveni damxmare saSualebani, romlebic
gviviTareben Tavisuflebis SegrZnebas, gvmateben TviTdajerebulobas da
gviqmnian im komforts, romlis gareSec cxovreba ver warmogvidgenia.
asea SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piris SemTxvevaSic, gansxvaveba ki
mxolod is SeiZleba iyos, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adami-
ans sxvaze meti damxmare saSualebebi esaWiroebodes. magaliTad, adami-
ans, romelic ver dadis, sWirdeba etli, rac misTvis daaxloebiT imave
datvirTvas atarebs, rasac fexsacmeli SezRudulobis armqone adami-
anisTvis. smenadaqveiTebul adamians sWirdeba specialuri sasmeni apa-
ratebi da a.S.
rac mTavaria, Tanamedrove teqnologiebi da miRwevebi iZlevian imis
saSualebas, rom maTi gaTvaliswinebisa da danergvis SemTxvevaSi SezRud-
uli SesaZleblobis mqone piris Tavisuflebis koeficientma mkveTrad
aiwios da gauTanabrdes sazogadoebis danarCeni wevrebis Tavisuflebis
koeficients. garemos keTilmowyoba, samoqalaqo transportisa da sa-
komunikacio saSualebebis aTviseba, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
adamianebis damxmare saSualebebiT (etli, xeljoxi, brailis Srifti,
sasmeni aparatebi da sxva) momarageba - maqsimalurad xsnian SezRud-
uli SesaZleblobis mqone piris problemurobas da SezRuduli Ses-
aZleblobis mqone pirs sazogadoebis sruluflebian da srulfasovan
wevrad qcevis saSualebas aZleven.

45
 SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone
pirebi da sazogadoeba
urTierTobis eTika

gicdiaT Tu ara ama Tu im funqcionaluri darRvevis mqone pirTan

urTierToba? Tu ara, maSin SesaZloa, Tqven xelidan gauSviT araordi-
naluri, saintereso pirovnebis gacnobis Sansi. garkveuli kategoriis
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa cxovrebis wesi garkveulwilad,
xels uwyobs maTi SesaZleblobis ganviTarebas (moZraobis SezRudvis
mqone, mxedvelobisa da metyvelebis problemebi, a.S.). maTi umravleso-
ba. gamoirCeva ra gansakuTrebuli mgrZnobiarebiTa da intuiciiT, ad-
vilad ganasxvaveben siyalbesa da gulwrfel damokidebulebas. maTTan
damokidebulebaSi mniSvnelovania, aqcenti gakeTdes pirad Tvisebebsa
da SesaZleblobebze da ara fizikur SezRudvebze. rodesac SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirTan saubrobT, uyureT mas da ara mis Tanxleb
pirovnebas an damswres.

moZraobis SezRudvis mqone pirebi

Tu Tqven urTierTobT pirovnebasTan, romelsac uWirs damoukideb-

lad gadaadgileba, an etliT gadaadgildeba, mogcemT ramdenime rCevas
masTan urTierTobisTvis:

• iyaviT yuradRebiani; kiTxeT, xom ar sWirdeba mas daxmareba. miawo-

deT misTvis saWiro nivTi;
• saubrisas mimarTeT pirdapir mas. Tu saubari grZeldeba ramdenime
wuTze meti xniT, dajeqiT ise, rom aRmoCndeT erT doneze mosau-
bris pirispir. gamoiyeneT skami, imisTvis, rom Tvali gausworoT
mas, es aadvilebs dialogs;
• ar gamoTqvaT sinanuli imis gamo, rom is etlSi zis. es damamcire-
belia;
• iyaviT bunebrivi;
• hkiTxeT, xom ar sWirdeba daxmareba etliT gadaadgilebisas. Tanx-
mobis SemTxvevaSi, yuradReba miaqcieT ramdenime moments: winaswar
airCieT gza, sadac etli unda waiyvanoT, SeamowmeT, xom ar aris
ormoebi, Txrilebi an sxva raime xelSemSleli barierebi. airCieT
usafrTxo gza;
• Tu Tqven sadme patiJebT moZraobis SezRudvis mqone an etlSi mj-
dom pirovnebas, SeamowmeT, aris Tu ara dawesebulebaSi lifti an
pandusi, sakmaod farToa Tu ara Sesasvleli sapirfareSoSi. Tu am
mxriv rame sirTuleebia, sasurvelia, winaswar SeatyobinoT mas am
sirTuleebis Sesaxeb;
46
• ecadeT, winaswar dagegmoT iseTi RonisZiebebi da gasarTobi
TamaSebi, romelSic etlze myofi Tqveni megobaric SeZlebs monaw-
ileobis miRebas

mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone pirebi:

• mxedvelobadaqveiTebul an mxedvelobis sruli SezRudvis mqone

pirTan Sexvedrisas, xeli CamoarTviT mas, warudgineT Tqveni Tavi
da Tqvens gverdze mdgomni;
• Tu saWiroa oTaxSi gadaadgileba, xelis msubuqi SexebiT daexmareT
mas sivrceSi orientirebaSi;
• Tu SesTavazebT dajdomas, daadebineT xeli skamis, savarZlis zu-
rgze an saxelurze;
• rodesac prezentaciis dros iyenebT slaidebs, SezRuduli Sesa-
Zleblobis mqone pirTan kargad auxseniT mas Tu ra aris slaidze
gamosaxuli. gaaSuqeT yvela sakiTxi da gadmoeciT sakmarisi in-
formacia imisTvis, rom kargad auRweroT suraTebi im pirovne-
bebs, romelTac aqvT mxedvelobis problema. aseve, SegiZliaT in-
formaciis alternatiiuli gzebiT gadmocema (audio kasetebis,
brailisa Tu disketebis meSveobiT;
• arasodes SeexoT nebarTvis gareSe cxovels, romelic kompaniono-
bas uwevs mxedvelobadaqveiTebul pirs. xmaurma SeiZleba xeli
SeuSalos cxovels moemsaxuros an daexmaros patrons.

smenis daqveiTebis an sruli SezRudvis mqone pirebi

• rodesac mosaubre smenadaqveiTebulia, an smenis sruli SezRudva

aqvs, misi yuradRebis miqceva SegiZliaT mxarze xelis SexebiT, mim-
ikisa da Jestebis gamoyenebiT;
• Tu mosaubre smenadaqveiTebulia, gamoiyeneT xmebis sxvadasxva do-
neebi. saubari daiwyeT odnav xmamaRla da Semdeg gadadiT Cveule-
briv tonze;
• Tu Tqveni Tanamosaubre nawilobriv smenadaqveiTebulia, SeekiTxeT
mas, Tu romeli mxridan aris mosaxerxebeli misTvis, rom esau-
broT. arasdros elaparakoT adamians pirdapir yurSi;
• mieciT Tanamosaubres saSualeba, dainaxos Tqveni saxis gamome-
tyveleba. ar daifaroT piri xelebiT, es mosaubres saSualebas
miscems, waikiTxos Tqveni tuCebis moZraoba;
• uyureT pirdapir am pirovnebas da esaubreT gasagebad, bunebrivad
da nela, rom man SeZlos gageba tuCebis moZraobiT amasTanave man-
Zili ar unda aRematebodes sam metrs;
47
 • smenadaqveiTebul bavSvebTan dialogis gasaadvileblad mzad
iyaviT vizualuri miTiTebebisTvis, ilaparakeT Cveulebrivi siCqa-
riT, arc Cqara da arc nela. SegiZliaT, gamoiyenoT Jestebi, Tumca
ar aris saWiro zedmeti artikulireba da yvirili. Tu mogeCvenaT,
rom Tqven ver gagiges, gaimeoreT SekiTxva;
• xSirad yvelaze advili saSualeba aris Canawerebis gakeTeba. aseT
SemTxvevaSi gesaWiroebaT fanqari da bloknoti;
• imisTvis, rom miipyroT smenadaqveitebuli adamianis yuradReba,
SeexeT mas an dauqnieT xeli.

metyvelebis darRvevis mqone pirebi:

nu aRiqvavT metyvelebis darRvevas, rogorc gonebriv CamorCenilo-

bas. umravlesoba adamianebisa, romelTac metyvelebis problemebi aqvT,
ganaTlebisa da maRali inteleqtualuri potencialiT gamoirCeva. mx-
evdvelobaSia misaRebi, rom tvinis sasaubro centrebi SeiZleba saxva-
dasxva mizeziT iyos dazianebuli: Tavis qalis tramva, insulti, cere-
bruli dambla.
• mieciT metyvelebis darRvevis mqone pirovnebas azris gamoTqmis
SesaZlebloba da ar SeawyvetinoT saubari. dausviT kiTxva, ro-
melic mokle pasuxis gacemis an Tavis dakvriT pasuxis gacemis
saSualebas miscems;
• Tu TqvenTvis gaugebaria metyvelebis darRvevis mqone piris sau-
bari, ar moaCvenoT Tavi, rom yvelaferi gaigeT, gaumeoreT mas mis-
ive frazebi da hkiTxeT, sworad gaigeT Tu ara misi sityvebi;
• Tu pirovneba TqvenTan urTierTobaSi iyenebs axlobeli adamianebis
daxmarebas, romelsac SeuZlia gaugos da mogawodoT informacia,
unda gaxsovdeT, rom Tqven saubari migyavT uSualod im adamianTan,
romelsac metyvelebis nakli aqvs da unda mimarToT konkretulad
mas;
• yuradRebiT mousmineT, arasodes moaCvenoT Tavi, TiTqos gaigeT
misi naTqvami Tu es ase ar aris;
• Tu giwevT saubari damxmares gareSe, maSin unda ixelmZRvaneloT
Semdegi principebiT: gaumeoreT Tqvens Tanamosaubres xmamaRla
yoveli sityva; ar mogeridoT Txovna, rom gaimeoros TqvenTvis
gaugebari sityvebi. es sulac ar Seuracxyofs mas. piriqiT, daarw-
munebs, rom Tqven dainteresebuli xarT masTan saubriT. SesaZloa,
Tqven mogiwioT yvela bgeris CamoTvla, rom gaugoT mosaubres.
mTavaria, rom SegeZloT mosmena. amitom mzad unda iyoT, rom sau-
bari SesaZloa gagrZeldes. sasubrod saWiroa gqondeT sakmari-
si dro. Tu Tqven geCqarebaT, maSin umjobesia, SeTanxmdeT saubris
sxva dros gagrZelebaze.

48
 fsiqo-funqcionaluri darRvevebis mqone pirebi

Cven, yvelas, gamogvicdia SiSi, rodesac CvenTvis ucnob garemo-

Si vxvdebiT. fsiqofunqcionaluri darRvevebis mqone pirebi garemos
gacilebiT rTulad aRiqvamen. isini advilad ibnevian maTTvis ucxo
garemoSi. maT uWirT orientacia, ver aRiqvamen miTiTebebs, axasiaTebT
gaRizianeba, aRzneba. xSirad ver igeben, rom Tqven misi daxmareba gsurT.
• iyaviT momTmenni; wynari, mSvidi toniT gaimeoreT naTqvami, ecadeT
misceT martivi da mokle davalebebi;
• azri gamoTqviT mokled da dausviT kiTxvebi pirvelebma;
• mieciT saSualeba, daakvirdnen Tqvens saqciels da gaimeoron is.

terminebi, romelTac viyenebT

sityvis udidesi Zala sakmaod cnobilia yvelasTvis. terminebi, ro-

melTac saubarSi viyenebT, gamoxataven ara marto Cvens damokidebulebas
adamianebisa da movlenebis mimarT, aramed naTlad asaxaven sazogadoe-
baSi gavrcelebul stereotipebsac. e.w. “iarliyebis” miniWebiT, xSirad
xelovnurad vuqmniT barierebs maT, vinc Cvengan “gansxvavebulia” da ar
jdeba sazogadoebis mier aRiarebul “standartebSi”. mravali wlis man-
Zilze, termini “invalidi” ara marto adamianis fizikur da gonebriv
SezRudvaze miuTiTebda, aramed xazs usvamda mis “usargeblobas” da
kidev ufro aRrmavebda sazogadoebisagan izolacias.
bolo aTwleulSi socialur sferosa da sazogadoebriv mentalitet-
Si momxdari cvlilebebis fonze miuRebeli aRmoCnda midgoma mravali
problemisadmi, maT Soris “invalidobisadmi”. upirveles yovlisa, Tavad
motivirebuli pirebis (SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi) gaaq-
tiurebam ganapiroba axali saxelmwifoebrivi xedvisa da pozitiuri
sazogadoebrivi azris Camoyalibeba. daiwyes ra konkretuli programe-
bis SemuSaveba-ganxocieleba, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebi
aqtiurad CaerTvnen sakanonmdeblo da aRmasrulebeli struqturebis
muSaobaSi sakuTari uflebebis dasacavad. 1995 wlis 14 ivniss saqarTve-
los parlamentma miiRo kanoni “SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pir-
Ta socialuri dacvis Sesaxeb”, ramac gansazRvra saxelmwifo politika
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa uflebebis dacvisa da Tanabari
pirobebis uzrunvelyofis sakiTxebSi.
kanonebi gvkarnaxoben wesebs, magram maT ar SeuZliaT pozitiuri gan-
wyobis Seqmna. aRiarebulia, rom erT-erTi mniSvnelovani barieri, rom-
lis gadalaxvac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebs uwevT, aris
sazogadoebis damokidebuleba. samwuxarod, sazogadoeba jer kidev ar
aris mzad, aRiqvas isini srulyofil da sruluflebian wevrebad, jer
kidev Zlieria gaucxoebisa da “sibralulis” faqtori, maTze saubrisas
xSirad gaismis sityvebi “sabralo”, “sawyali”, “ubeduri”, rac ara mar-
to araeTikuri, aramed damamcirebelic ki aris.
ar arsebobs erTi, konkretuli pasuxi kiTxvaze – “ra aris SezRud-
uli SesaZlebloba”? rTulia absoluturi WeSmaritebis dadgena maSin,
49
rodesac saqme adamianis fizikuri da gonebrivi SesaZleblobebis Seswav-
las exeba. is, Tu rogor gvesmis Cven SezRuduli SesaZlebloba, gavlenas
axdens ara marto Cvens leqsikaze, aramed Cvens damokidebulebaze Sez-
Ruduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis mimarT.
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis ganmartebis socialuri modeli, romel-
ic sul ufro da
ufro aqtualuri xdeba saqarTveloSic, TavisTavad moiTxovs cvli-
lebebs im leqsikaSi,
romelsac Cven, sazogadoeba, viyenebT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone pirTa Sesaxeb saubrisas. meti informireba, cnobierebis amaRleba,
yoveldRiuri urTierToba, komunikacia – ai is mTavari faqtorebi, rom-
lebic dRes aucilebelia sazogadoebis damokidebulebis SecvlisaTvis.

masmedia da misi roli pozitiuri sazogadoebrivi

azris CamoyalibebaSi

presa da televizia sazogadoebrivi azris formirebis mniSvnelovani

iaraRia. informacia, romelsac isini warmoadgenen, xSirad asaxavs e.w.
“CarCos”, romlis farglebSic sazogadoeba urTierTobs SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone pirebTan. samwuxarod, statiebsa da siuJetebSi
jer kidev sWarbobs gadametebuli emociebi, aqcenti keTdeba SezRud-
uli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebis fizikur da moralur daucveloba-
ze, naklebad aris wamoweuli maTi inteleqtualuri da fizikuri Sesa-
Zleblobebi. dRes, SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa problemebze
momuSave samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo struqturebTan TanamSromlobiT
Jurnalistebs SeuZliaT Seqmnan axali, jansaRi azri SezRuduli Ses-
aZleblobis mqone pirTa problemebis Sesaxeb. Tu maT mier momzadebu-
li masala iqneba araemociuri, faqtebze dafuZnebuli da kompleqsuri,
aucileblad gamoiwvevs sazogadoebaSi arsebuli stereotipebis ngrevas.

rogor gavaumjobesoT komunikacia da movamzadoT masala

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirTa problemebze masalis momza-

debisas hkiTxeT sakuTar Tavs:
1. ra aris masalis momzadebis mTavari mizani – is, rom siuJeti exeba
konkretul SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirs, Tu is, rom es
masala aqtualuria?
2. exeba Tu ara siuJeti SezRudul SesaZleblobas; Tu pasuxi dadeb-
iTia, maSin ramdenad icnobT da sworad iyenebT terminologias
(mag. etliT mosargeble da ara etlze mijaWvuli)?
3. xom ar aris Tqvens mier momzdebuli masala zedmetad mikerZoebu-
li; gadaWarbebulad emociuri da sibralulis gamomwvevi?
4. gaakeTeT aqcenti pirovnebaze, ecadeT win wamoswioT misi Rirseba
da siZliere.
5. SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTan saubrisas mimarTeT
pirdapir mas da ara mis Tanmxleb pirs; ecadeT, zedmetad ar gaus-
vaT xazi gansxvavebulobas;
50
 6. SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTan interviu CaatareT iseve,
rogorc sxva nebismier pirovnebasTan;

terminologiis gamoyenebis standartebi

is Tu rogor vsaubrobT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirze da

ra terminologias viyenebT nebiT Tu uneblied gamoxatavs Cvens damok-
idebulebas SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa mimarT. swored am-
itom mniSvnelovania, vicodeT, Tu romeli treminia a diskriminaciuli
Sinaarsis matarebeli.
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa Sesaxeb saubrisas terminebi,
romlebic qmnian negatiur stereotipebs: invalidi, xeibari, avadmyofi,
defeqturi, Tandayolili defeqti, arasrulfasovani, etls mijaWvuli
adamiani (bavSvi) gonebaClungi, debili, gonebrivad arasrulyofili,
giJi, idioti, brma, bruciani.
terminebi, romelTa gamoyenebac mizanSewonilia SezRuduli Sesa-
Zleblobis mqone pirze saubrisas: Tandayolili SezRudva, SezRuduli
SesaZleblobis mqone piri; gansakuTrebuli saWiroebis mqone piri(bavS-
vi), piri romelsac gansakuTrebuli zrunva sWirdeba
pirovneba (bavSvi) romelic etliT gadaadgildeba, gonebrivi ganvi-
Tarebis Seferxebis mqone
pirovneba (bavSvi), fsiqikuri problemebis mqone piri, sulieri an
emociuri darRvevebis mqone
piri, susti mxedvelobis mqone, mxedvelobis SezRudvis mqone piri,
usinaTlo.

51
 sakanonmdeblo baza

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba
• saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba №41 2014 wlis 6 ianvari q.
Tbilisi SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirebisaTvis sivrcis
mowyobisa da arqiteqturuli da gegmarebiTi elementebis teqni-
kuri reglamentis damtkicebis Taobaze.

• gaeros 2006 wlis 13 dekembris `SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone

pirTa uflebebis dacvis konvencia~.

• saqarTvelos kanoni SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa so-

cialuri dacvis Sesaxeb Tavi N 2 socialuri infrastruqturiT
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa Seuferxebeli sargeblo-
bisaTvis pirobebis Seqmna.

• muxli N 7 - sacxovrebeli SenobebiTa da socialuri infrastruq-

turis sxva obieqtebiT SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa
sargeblobis uzrunvelyofa.

• muxli N 8 - SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa moTxovnile-

bebis gaTvaliswineba socialuri infrastruqturis obieqtebis da
proeqtebisa da mSeneblobisas.

saerTaSoriso standartebi
• aiso standartebi
ISO 21542 - samSeneblo konstruqciebi da garemos misawvdomoba.
ISO 16201:2006 - teqnikuri damxmare aRWurviloba SezRuduli Ses-
aZleblobis mqone pirTaTvis.
ISO 17069:2014 - adaptirebuli dizaini - damxmare produqtebis
SexvedrebisTvis.
ISO/TR 22411:2008 - ergonomikuli monacemebi da saxelmZRvanelo
maTi gamoyenebisTvis saxelmZRvanelo 71 „SezRuduli SesaZleblo-
bis mqone pirebisa da xandazmulebis saWiroebebze morgebuli pro-
duqti da momsaxureba.
ISO 10865-1:2012 - etlebis damxmare damWeri sistemebi satrans-
porto saSualebebisaTvis. nawili1 - adapturi damxmare sistemebi
etliT mosargebleTaTvis.
ISO 10865-2:2015 - etlebis damxmare damWeri sistemebi satrans-
porto saSualebebisaTvis. nawili2 - adapturi damxmare sistemebi
etliT mosargebleTaTvis.
ISO - ISO Standards - ICS 11.180 – damxmare, teqnikuri aRWurviloba
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTaTvis.
• ADA Standards for Accessible Design 2010 -ada standartebi xelmi-
sawvdomi dizaini 2010.
• adaptirebuli garemos universaluri dizainis saerTaSoriso stan-
dartebi.
52
 gamoyenebuli masala

koalicia damokidebeli cxovrebisaTvis:

SesaZleblobaTa SezRudvis istoria (avt. rati ionaTamiSvi-
li), inkluziuri ganaTleba, gza damoukidebli cxovrebisaken
(avt. koba nadiraZe)

biblioTeka-kulturuli centri unarSezRudulTaTvis

`Tanadgoma~ - viswavloT urTierToba (avt. nana gegeliSvi-
li, inga SariqaZe)

ikluziuri turizmis centri „parsa“ - universaluri

dizaini (inkluziuri turizmis saxelmZRvanelo)

saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba 41 - SezRuduli

SesaZleblobis mqone pirebisaTvis sivrcis mowyobisa da ar-
qiteqturuli da gegmarebiTi elementebis teqnikuri regla-
mentis damtkicebis Taobaze.

53
 bolosityvaoba

inkluziuri turizmis centri „parsa“ saxelmZRvanelos gamo-

cemisTvis did madlobas uxdis a.a.i.p „municipaluri servisebis
ganviTrebis saagentos“ da mis xelmZRvanels b-n vaxtang WediSvils,
aseve gamomcemloba `miniatura~-s da mis xelmZRvanels qeTevan
lazaraSvils.

inkluziuri turizmis centris `parsa~

Accessble Tourism Centre “PARSA”
www.atcp.ge
E-mail: atcpge@gmali.com
info@atcp.ge

2016 weli

54