Semantic : The branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning.

There are a number of branches and sub branches of semantics,

including formal semantics, which studies the logical aspects of meaning, such as sense, reference, implication, and logical form, lexical
semantics, which studies word meanings and word relations, and conceptual semantics, which studies the cognitive structure of meaning.
Fakta semantic.
1. The historical view is becoming obsolete
2. Attention begins to be left on the structure inside the vocabulary,
3. Semantics begin to be influenced by stylists
4. Semantic studies are directed at a particular language (not general anymore)
Ex. Imaginer word : Ghost, Fairy,
Orthography is the practice or study of correct spelling according to established usage. Alphabet
 American Spelling and British Spelling,Bicapitalization,Cacography.
Morphological: book---books
Common types of lexical items/chunks include[1]
1. Words, e.g. cat, tree
2. Parts of words, e.g. -s in trees, -er in worker, non- in nondescript, -est in loudest
3. Phrasal verbs, e.g. put off or get out
4. Multiword expressions, e.g. by the way, inside out
5. Collocations, e.g. motor vehicle, absolutely convinced.
6. Institutionalized utterances, e.g. I'll get it, We'll see, That'll do, If I were you, Would you like a cup of coffee?
7. Idioms, e.g. break a leg, was one whale of a, a bitter pill to swallow
8. Sayings, e.g. The early bird gets the worm, The devil is in the details
9. Sentence frames and heads, e.g. That is not as...as you think, The problem was
10. Text frames, e.g., In this paper we explore...; Firstly...; Secondly...; Finally ....
A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts as a noun. Noun clauses begin with words such as how, that, what,
whatever, when, where, whether, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, and why.
= Be sure to send whoever interviewed you a thank-you note.
= Do you know what the weather will be?
= I wonder how long we should wait here.
= I’m packing extra snacks for when we get hungry.