1

Her parents knew about her plan of going to Manila to work as a

SOCIAL WORK COUNSELING domestic worker. The client is the eldest of 4 children in the
SOCIAL WORKERS 2017 family. She wanted very much to help her poor family in Boracay.
During the raid Ana’s faced was accidentally showed on the
1. Counselling is define as a way of enabling choice or change or news because her shawl was pulled by one of the girls in the bar
reducing confusion. It does not involves the following except in an effort to also hide her face from the camera. A neighbour
one: saw her on the news and informed her parents. If you are the
a. Giving advice or directing a client to take a particular course social worker of Ana, how would you conduct the interview using
of action. your counseling skills.
b. Counsellors do not judge or exploit their clients in any way. 10. During the initial stage of the counseling session with Ana, the
c. Solving the problem for the client social worker develops a warm relationship with the client to
d. Judging the clients. enable the client express her problem from her frame of
2. For social work tasks, it is important to have at least basic reference. The skills needed with this stage are the following,
counseling skills, and preferably to have some advanced ones. except:
The following are some of the identified basic counselling skills a.a. attention-giving
except: a.b. Active listening
a.a. Paraphrasing c. Empathic understanding a.c.Emphatic understanding
a.b. Active listening d. Cherrypicking a.d. Referrals to other agencies that serve victims of
3. The history of counselling in social work in the US and in the trafficking.
Philippines started with a group of volunteers and paid
agents except: 11. Assuming that you have already established a warm
a.a. Friendly Visitors c. Home Visitors relationship with Ana, and the issue she raised are her fears of
a.b. Volunteers Commission d. Pastoral workers staying long at the shelter and not being able to send money to
4. In social work practice, the following are the key concepts and her parents and siblings, What could be the appropriate
perspectives to consider in social work counselling, except: response to Ana using the counseling skills of empathic
a.a. Social functioning c. Psychodynamic Theories response. Remember empathic response is being able to
a.b. Person-in-situation d. Ecological Perspective demonstrate your understanding of the feeling of the client.
5. As with all forms of counselling techniques, the social Choose the not so helpful response of the counselor.
worker’s awareness of _____in relation to cultural history, Ana: I am worried that if I stay long at the shelter, my siblings will
gender, power, age, etc. can have impact on the lives of their have to stop their education, and my parents will be worried about
clients; my situation here in Manila.
a. Skills b. Empathy c. Self d. Relationship Counselor :
a. You feel worried about your siblings’s education and the
6. As a counseling skills, a social worker must consider the
possibility of stopping because you are now in our shelter.
client’s _________ which is a place or person who is familiar
How can we help you inform your parents and siblings to
enough to offer a degree of safety and security when anxieties
allay their fears?
are running high as a result of an external event or transition
b. You seem to really be a very responsible child in the family
such as a crisis.
to be taking these responsibilities though you are still a
a.a. Safe haven c. Secure base
minor? What are your suggestion for now that you are
a.b. Therapeutic space d. Boundary
here at the shelter?
Awareness
c. Well, now that you are here at the shelter, it is time to
7. In social work practice, especially in counseling , emphasis on
inform your parents about your predicament so they won’t
social worker’s capacity to reflect is valuable. The following
expect support for now to your siblings who are studying.
are some of the techniques in self-other reflexivity in
d. Perhaps, we can plan together on the possible things we
counseling with clients, except:
can do to help your parents and the steps on how we can
a.a. Notice the effects of our language (verbal and non-verbal)
help you also adjust with your situation at the shelter.
a.b. Questions our own ideas with colleagues
a.c.Be curious about the theories that are guiding your work
12. Ana: I don’t want to be here at the shelter. Just help me go
a.d. Questions the ideas of the client in the counselling
back to my families in Boracay. I will just look for work there
sessions
so I can be with my family (Ana crying to her counselor). The
8. Below are some of the not so helpful features in professional
following counseling skills can be used except:
interviews, except:
a.a. Focusing, helping the client to be specific in her needs
a.a. Daydreaming c. Scoring points
a.b. Information giving
a.b. Labelling d. Watching for non-verbal cues a.c.Communicating deeper empathic understanding of the
9. The following are the characteristics of feminist counseling, client
except: a.d. All of the above
a.a. Uses traditional theories with an awareness of their
cultural implications 13. 14. Granting that you have informed the client about the
a.b. Promotes egalitarian counselor-counselee relationships legality aspect of the case she filed against the perpetrators to
a.c.Encourages personal validation of the client the Dept. of Justice and local DSWD as reasons for her stay at
a.d. Emphasizes women’s adjustment with their roles in the shelter, how would the social worker communicate this
society. message in the counselling sessions.
Part 2 Give the most unhelpful response from the counselor.
Ana, 16, grade 8, a child victim of trafficking was brought to a
temporary shelter after she was rescued from the bar in a.a. I understand it must be difficult for you to stay in a shelter
Sampaloc, Manila. She was recruited from Boracay by a because you have no friends and relatives around you,
neighbour who promised her job as a domestic helper in Manila. except for social workers and children who are also victims.
 Perhaps we can share some information and orient you on
your situation as background and reasons why you are
here at the shelter.
a.b. You just have to understand that you are in our custody
because you were referred to us by the DOJ and the DSWD
and because you are a victim of trafficking. When the case
is cleared we will send you back to your family in Boracay.
a.c.I hope that you can adjust with the new environment at
the shelter. This is only temporary as we are processing
your case and waiting for the perpetrator to be arrested.
We will keep you posted on the developments of your case.
a.d. You seem so bothered about your stay at the shelter. I
hope you can take some rest here as you were working all
days at the bar. You also need to focus on your health and
study also as a minor while we are processing your case.
14. As days passed by, Ana was feeling restless, ambivalent and
unruly at the Shelter. She wilfully violated some of the policies
such as not cleaning her room and personal things. How would
you counsel Ana about her violations and misbehaviour at the
shelter ?
Ana: I told you I want to go home. I am getting lonely each day at
the shelter. I also cannot sleep and eat well because I think
everyday of my siblings and parents.
What are the counseling skills needed for the social worker
handling Ana?
a. Communicating deeper empathic understanding of
the client
b. Managing hostility and ambivalent behaviors of client
c. Linking, connecting
d. All of the above
15. Granting that you have talked to Ana and discuss her
misbehaviour at the shelter, how would you discuss these
concerns with her in the counseling session? Select the not so
helpful response from the counselor.
a.a. I remembered we made a plan before on how to go
about the concerns you raised in our initial counseling
sessions, can we review it together and see how far have
we done so we will know the progress of our plan?
a.b. It seems you are getting impatient and not focused on our
agreed plans, what do you think your misbehavior can
contribute to our plans that we made regarding your case
and stay at the shelter?
a.c.You feel so bored and uncooperative at the shelter these
past few days, can you suggest some activities that might
help you overcome your boredom and be focused on our
plan?
a.d. There is an activity for children next week. It is an outdoor
activity. I suggest you attend the activity to make you busy
and perk up your mood at the shelter.
16. Ana is to attend her first hearing at the Department of Justice.
She will face her Mama Pimp and the owners of the bar where
she worked as an entertainer. She said she is afraid because
her Mama Pimp is influential and told her before that she will
get back at them if she files cases against her for working in the
bar even if she is put behind bars. Ana expressed her fears
with her counsellors. What are the counseling skills needed to
allay the fears of Ana?
a.a. Linking c. Focusing techniques
a.b. Immediacy d. All of the above
17. Granting Ana will have her initial hearing, how would the
social worker incorporate in her counseling sessions the issues
of fear of Ana in facing her Mama Pimp at the DOJ?
Ana: I have fears of meeting my Mama Pimp at the DOJ? Can you
represent me instead so I will not see her ? I fear for my family also
in the province if I testified against her. Choose the not so helpful
response.
a.a. It seems to me that you know very well your Mama Pimp
and how far she can do to hurt your family. Can you tell me
some of the things you know your Mama Pimp had done in
hurting your family or other people.
a.b. I understand your dilemma and anxiety of facing your
Mama Pimp in court. Most of the children here at the
shelter had the same fears as yours when they attended
their first hearing and saw their abusers in court. But we
manage to help them overcome those fears. They are
giving you their full support and also we will be there to
support and protect you.
a.c.You feel so nervous to see your Mama Pimp in court? That
is normal and everyone felt the same way when you have
to face your enemy, especially in courts. We will prepare
well for the hearing and bring many of our friends at the
shelter to provide support to your case. Can these
suggestions help you overcome your fear?
a.d. This is the time you need to put a lot of courage so you
can put your Mama Pimp in jail so you can return home to
your family. We will be there to support. Just think of
your family and the other children who were victims of
Mama Pimp and those more children to come. You are
their hero.
18. Ana has appeared in court and has seen her Mama Pimp. She
said her hands were cold when she saw her Mama Pimp
throw a fierce look at her. She told her social worker that she
knows what that look means. She felt afraid for the safety of
her family in the province. She also expressed her happiness
that at last her case is moving and the possibility of going to
her family in the province might be near. If you are the social
worker of Ana, what could be the counseling skills you will use
in the counseling session?
a.a. Checking and Reflecting feelings
a.b. Helping the client understand court dynamics and
processes
a.c.Goal-setting/decision-making
a.d. All of the above
19. After the initial hearing, Ana expressed how she felt about the
hearings and thought that her parents and siblings might be at
risk due to the seeming fierce look of Mama Pimp on her.
How would the social worker process this fear in the
counseling session after the hearing? Choose the not so
helpful response.
a.a. I understand that this is the first time you see Mama Pimp
after the raid, it must really be very frightening to you.
Perhaps it might be of help if we explore seeing her in the
courtroom through a vacant chair representing Mama
Pimp to lessen your fear next hearing. Pretend we are also
in the courtroom.
a.b. You seem so natural inside the courtroom. I was looking at
you and I did not see the fears in your eyes. I am happy
that you were able to handle the courtroom scene
yesterday.
a.c.You seem to feel better after the first hearing. Perhaps it
would be good to plan ahead of your scheduled hearing so
we will much better prepare next hearing. Do you have
suggestions on how to prepare for your next hearing?
a.d. I can see you a little bit fidgeting in court. Do not let
them see how nervous you are because the more they see
you nervous, the more they will bully you in court.
Part 3

Specific Counseling Techniques
20. Feminist Counseling was developed by and for women
( Orozco & Lee & Blando, & Shooshani, 2014). Some of the
techniques used in feminist counseling are the following except
one:
a.a. Social and gender analysis c. transference
a.b. Self-disclosure d. Power analysis
21. Maria, 45, a battered woman with 4 minor children came to
the Women’s Desk of Bgy. Banga, Mindoro to seek help
concerning her husband who beats her and their children
when he is drunk. She said she wanted her husband to leave
their house when he is drunk because their children had
developed fears and trauma whenever they saw their father
drunk. She also added that she has also fears that her husband
might abuse their two daughters sexually when she is out of
the house. She however does not want to separate from her
husband but would like him to change for the sake of their
family.
Maria: Can you order my husband to leave our house when he is
drunk. Can you also tell him that our children have developed
fears because of his vices and behavior. I don’t really want to
separate from my husband, because I don’t want to have a broken
family for the sake of my children. What could be the response of
the feminist Counselor to the request of Maria? Select the most
unhelpful response:
a. You feel worried each time your husband gets drunk. It
seems even your children had developed fears of your
husband whenever he is drunk. Can you tell us how long
is this happening.
b. I understand how difficult for you to handle the situation
whenever your husband gets drunk. I was in a similar
situation with you years back. I thought I would not have
freed myself from that abusive relationship. The support of
my friends and family enabled me to leave that violent
relationship.
c. I believe that your dilemma is similar to the cases of
other women in violent relationship. They are caught in the
same cycle of violence with their partners who believe
that women are subordinate to men, especially in their
relationship with men. There is a need to educate and raise
the awareness of women and men on gender issues and
power differentials.
d. I understand it is difficult to be in violent relationship
especially if you have children to consider in the family.
Children do need a father as they grow up to protect them
against bullying and discrimination in school. Thus we have
to also understand our husband who sometimes indulge in
vices because that is part of their social upbringing as men.
22. Counselling men is another unexplored field in counseling in
social work. Men like women also experienced gender role
conflict due to society’s expectation of men’s role. Gender role
conflict of men has been reportedly linked to depression, lower
psychological well-being, physical illness, poor self-care in men
(Enns, 1993). Boys were told that “big boys don’t cry; or in
sports, that they should learn to play ‘with pain”, that serve to
train them to be out of touch with their feelings. Select which
is the most unhelpful technique in counseling men
a.a. Use of direct, analytical, educational techniques
a.b. Use of action-oriented strategies
a.c.Recognition of silence
a.d. Use of drama and other emotionally laden intervention
23. Mario, 40, office messenger, with 3 minor children, came to
the clinic to have his bruises check. When asked what
happened to him, Mario said he accidentally fell on the floor as
3
he was repairing their ceiling. Actually Mario had a conflict
with his wife over money matters that led to a short squabble
between them. Each time they had a physical fight Mario
would take the blows because he does not like to hit his wife.
Instead of taking the blows he will embrace his wife tightly to
stop the fight. He did not tell anyone about his being a
battered husband, except to his friend doctor who treated
him for his bruises or hematoma as a result of their fights
Mario: I really do not know to handle my wife. Each time we have
a fight I have to prepare myself from her punches and scratching.
She is really the more aggressive and stronger person in our
relationships. I love her but I am really full. I wanted to leave her
but I love my children. I don’t want them to have a dysfunctional
families. Our children witnessed our fights and they are affected
also.
If you are the counselor of Mario, how would you respond to him:
Choose the most unhelpful response to Mario.
a.a. I sense that you are having a great problem with your
relationship with your wife especially the physical fight
between the two of you. Can you share more about this
violence?
a.b. You were saying your wife is the more aggressive and
stronger person in your relationships, can you describe your
wife to us? What do you think are the possible options to
increase your assertiveness capacity in dealing with your
wife’s aggressive and violent behavior?
a.c.You feel tired and full of the physical fights with your wife,
how has this affected you and the children? If you do not
like to answer this question, it is all right, I can understand.
a.d. Would you like to try to learn some body-building program
to increase your capacity to defend yourself each time you
have a squabble with your wife? If he sees you strong
enough, that can lower the aggressiveness to violence of
your wife.
Solution-Focused Counseling
24. Solution focused counseling began as a problem-focused
alternative to family and marital psychotherapy, but evolved
into a solution-focused method that is frequently use upon
individual (Nunnally, 1993). The founder of the approach is
Steve de Shazer that takes special note of exceptions - those
occasions when the problem does not occur. The following are
the techniques used in solution-focused counseling, except
one.
a.a. Miracle questions
a.b. Exceptions
a.c.Reframing client’s viewpoints and perspectives
a.d. Reinforcement
25. Juana and Tonyo always quarrel over the delayed payments of
the house they are renting, They have 2 children who are in
their elementary years. When it’s the end of the month, the
tension between the couple builds up making the atmosphere
tense and tight. But after they have paid the monthly rental to
the owner, the couple are able to relax and begin to be at
peace again. This has been the routine each time the couple
has to pay their monthly rental bill. But for other payments like
school fees, water and lights, the couple seemed to be not so
tense. They have become used to meeting the payments of
the monthly bills to these without having to quarrel over the
payments.
Juana: I always told him to prepare in advance the payments of
the house rental so the owner will not be frustrated when she
comes to get the monthly payment of the house rental.
Tonyo : I always do, but it seems that my effort to save for the
monthly house rental always fall short. There are other expenses
that are to be met, hence the payment allotted for the house rental
was spent to meet other needs.
As a counselor using solution-focused counseling, what is the most
unhelpful response to the problems of Juana and Tonyo?

a.a. I understand that there are many pressures in meeting the

many expenses at home, it must have been really difficult
for you as a couple to meet all these needs. Can you share
what are the other expenses that are to be met every
month? How do you feel about meeting these other
expenses?
a.b. You really feel upset in meeting your monthly rental
payments? What if you have your own house and you do
not have to pay monthly rental fee, do you think the tense
atmosphere would be eradicated. How would you feel
about those changes?
a.c.Do you remember instances when you do not quarrel about
payment of bills at home? Are these similar instances
happen more often? Can we explore the same
atmosphere in the payment of monthly rental bills? How
would you feel about that?
a.d. I believe you as a couple should plan well the payments of
your household bills so there won’t be quarrels. Anyway,
every household has bills to pay every month. Treat it as
part of your basic requirement in the maintenance of the
family’s upkeep.

Crisis counselling
26. Crisis theory originated with the work of Lindemann (1944) and
Caplan (1964) but was soon developed for social work
intervention by Parad (1991: Parad ,1990) Techniques in crisis
counseling are the following except;
a.a. Immediacy c. Active involvement
a.b. Purposive listening d. All of the above
27. The very first professional method of social work intervention
practiced in the Philippines was introduced by the
______________, a welfare agency that employed “ Home
Visitors”.
a.a. Associated Charities de Manila
a.b. War Relief Office
a.c.Catholic Women’s League
a.d. Public Welfare Commissioner
28. The dimension that clearly differentiates counseling from social
work is _______.
a.a. Skills b. Values c. Context d. Practice
29. __________is the process of helping people make important
choices that affect their lives such as choosing a preferred
lifestyle. It focuses on helping individuals choose what they
value most such as making decisions on a course or study or a
vocation.
a.a. Psychotherapy c. Counseling
a.b. Guidance d. advice