Patented Mar. 27, 19,28.

1,663,764
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. v
can 0. name, or rrr'rsn'onen, rnnusrrvama, nssronon r0 rr'nn m's'rrru'rn or
summon, moonrona'rnn, or JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA, a conrona'rrozu or‘ nan
AWARE.
raoons's'or Maxine nosm soar.
Ho Drawing. Application ?led July :0, i925. Serial no. 47,1ea.
My invention relates to the treatment ofv chemically pure or substantially so. The so at
rosin and the production of rosin soap. liberated resene, being a neutral gum hav
Rosin is a substance of wide industrial ing enhanced drying properties; serves as a
utility, but, because‘ of, certain characteris» valuable constituent of varnishes.
l5 tics, it ‘serves imperfectly some purposes for In the “practice ofv my invention, and be
which it is used. In soap-making, for ex ginning with the rosin of commerce, I ?rst,
ample, rosin is a useful substance. Added by the known means of acid treatment or
to and forming a mixture with the fatty heat, isomerize the material, , Speci?ally, by
acid compounds of which soap essentially heating'the‘ rosin to a temperature of 300°
10 consists, a commereial soap-.is produced C; and maintaining it at that temperature,
which, as compared with a soap composed isomerization may be effected. ‘Or, ,again, 65
of fatty-acid compounds alone, is relatively if the rosin be melted, and if while it r_e~
inexpensive, more freely productive of mains in liquid condition a slow current of
lather, and of greater cleansing. power. hydrochloric acid gas be caused to pass
15 The disadvantages incident to“ the use of through it, isomerization will be effected.
rosin as aningredient of soap are that cakes If while such ‘acid treatment- is in progress 76
of soap which contain it are liable in time, ‘stirring "be resorted to, or other means for
particularly when exposed to'hui'nid air, to effecting more intimate contact of the sub
become moist and sticky.‘ They also tend stances so brought into association, isomeri
20 to grow discolored. This’ tendency to be zation may be effected in about ?fteen
come moist and sticky is such'that hitherto minutes. , 75
it has not been possible to produce in satis Having e?'ected i’someriz'ation of the rosin,
factory condition for' the market rosin I dissolve it in a suitable solvent, such as
containing soap in the form of soap chips. ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, or other alco- _
‘25 And such a commodity is a recognized de hol and to the solvent either before or after
sideratum. ' solution I add sodium hydroxide, or other 80
i I have discovered, and from this discovery alkali, in the amount ofone fourth of the
my invention proceeds, that by preliminary equivalent weight of the rosin under treat
treatment of the rosin of commerce, result ment. 'A convenient degree of concentra
30 ing in a certain chemical change in its sub tion of ‘the sodium hydroxide em loyed
stance, and by an ensuing separation of con would be a forty per cent, aqueous so utlon,
stituents, substances may be obtainedv which but it will be understood that the degree of
are serviceable in the industrial arts, in concentration does not enter into the essence‘
_ fuller degree than rosin hasbeen known to of the invention, ‘and ‘the degree of concen
35 be serviceable. .In soap-making for instance, tration' may in fact vary inde?nitely. The
' the rosin derivative‘ of my invention, when sodiumvhydroxide may be added to the solu—
'mixed with the. fatty-acid compounds from tion in * any suitable precipitating tank,
which soap is prepared, affords a commercial ?tted with steam\'co'ils foreheating and with
soap havingqthe known good qualities of agitators for _Tstirring.- After the addition
40 rosin soap and free ofrthe’ undesirable qualii the material islallowed to stand- for a short
ties which rosin 'soap as hitherto produced, time, until the-reaction and precipitation are
has possessed. And, speci?cally, soap chips complete. The material being stirred; is
made from soap containingmy rosin deriva mobile enough to‘ be pumped
tive are stable, and become a satisfactory The material‘ hen ‘is carried toss. ?lter
45 article of commerce, and ?ll a recognized ress, where the precipitate is. separated.~
want. ' ' '
he ? trate which passes on carries with it 100
Abietic acid is a. desirable substance,.being in solution the resene, and this substance
useful for. various industrial purposes, and may now be recovered free 0f\_8|b1el510 acid
in the ractice of my invention I am able compounds. _ p

60 to pr uce abietic acid free of impurities , The precipitate which remains in the filter .- :
and this in economical manner. press consists of an alkali metal (sodium) 10‘
_ 'n in varnis -makin , thetreatment acid salt of abi'etic acid. This added to the
~ to w ich-I subject rosin a ords me resene, fatty-acid compounds of which soap ‘is essen- -
freed from abiet-ic acid. compounds, and tially prepared, affords a commercial soap
 1,003,104.

of the excellence indicated, and a soap which upon the rosin of commerce a yield of pure
may be prepared and marketed in the form acid amounting to seventy-?ve to eighty’ per 80
of chips, which are serviceable and satis cent by weight of the quantity of rosin
factory. treated may be recovered.
The precipitate remainin in the ?lter In the ensuing claims I use the term al
press may be used as it is, or 1t may be puri kali metal, and I use it in its wider signi?
?ed of all trace of resene by washing it with cance, to include ammonium. ‘ 86
more of the solvent. It may by pressure I claim as my invention:
be freed su?iciently of solvent, or, if more 1. Th'c~ method ‘herein described of pro
10 complete removal of the solvent be desired, ducingv rosin soap which consists in convert
the cake from the ?lter press may be heated, ing the major part of the acid component
and the last trace of solvent may be drawn of a quantity of rosin in'to alkali acid salt, 40
off, preferably under vacuum. The resene~ removing from such salt the rescue compo
containing solvent so ultimately separated nent of the rosin, and using the remaining
15 from the precipitate, may of course be re— salt as an ingredient in the soap-making op
turned to the main body of solvent, and its eration. .
burden of rescue in such manner saved. 2. The method herein described of pro
The procedure here outlined may advan ducing rosin soap which consists in isomer
tageously be carried out in closed system, as izing a quantity of resin, bringing the so
the practitioner of the art will well under treated substance into solution, precipitating
stand. from such solution an alkali metal acid salt
Having by the procedure described ob of abietic acid, ‘separating the precipitate, 50
tained'in pure condition an alkali metal acid and introducing the separated precipitate as
salt of abietic acid. it remains only to treat an ingredient in the soap-making operation.
the salt with a mineral acid, hydrochloric In testimony whereof I have hereunto set
acid, for example, in order to obtain abietic my hand.
acid of corresponding purity.
I ?nd that in the practice of my invention CARL c. KF-SL'ER. _