p-cscf page 47

IPsec. Sip-Sec-Agree IPsec-3gpp IPsec-3gpp 3GPP AKA AKAv1-MD5�

Section 2.2.1.3 explained that the S-CSCF decides when to break to the CS CN. For
breaking out the S-CSCF sends a SIP session request to the Breakout Gateway Control
Function (BGCF); it further chooses where a breakout to the CS domain occurs. The
outcome of a selection process can be either a breakout in the same network in
which
the BGCF is located or another network. If the breakout happens in the same
network,
then the BGCF selects a Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF) to handle the
session further. If the breakout takes place in another network, then the BGCF
forwards the session to another BGCF in a selected network [3GPP TS 23.228]. The
latter option allows routing of signalling and media over IP near to the called
user.
When a SIP session request hits the MGCF it performs protocol conversion between
SIP protocols and the ISDN User Part (ISUP), or the Bearer Independent Call Control
(BICC) and sends a converted request via the Signalling Gateway (SGW) to the CS CN.
The SGW performs signalling conversion (both ways) at the transport level between
the
IP-based transport of signalling (i.e., between Sigtran SCTP/IP and SS7 MTP) and
the
Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) based transport of signalling. The SGW does not
interpret
application layer (e.g., BICC, ISUP) messages, as is shown in Figure 2.10. The
MGCF also controls the IMS Media Gateway (IMS-MGW). The IMS-MGW provides
the user-plane link between CS CN networks and the IMS. It terminates the bearer
channels from the CS network and media streams from the backbone network (e.g.,
RTP streams in an IP network or AAL2/ATM connections in an ATM backbone),
executes the conversion between these terminations and performs transcoding and
signal processing for the user plane when needed. In addition, the IMS-MGW is able
to provide tones and announcements to CS users.
Similarly, all incoming call control signalling from a CS user to an IMS user is
destined to the MGCF that performs the necessary protocol conversion and sends a
SIP session request to the I-CSCF for a session termination. At the same time, the
MGCF interacts with the IMS-MGW and reserves necessary IMS-MGW resources at
26 The IMS
Figure 2.10