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Net Take-off Flight Path

Article Information

Category: General
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Content source: SKYbrary

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Description
The Net Take-off Flight Path (NTOFP) is the vertical profile of an aircraft beyond the
take-off point, giving the minimum height that will be attained by an aircraft flown
in accordance with the AFM (/index.php/AFM) following failure of the most critical
power unit.

Aircraft Performance (/index.php/Aircraft_Performance) calculations prior to take-

off must establish that the aircraft will clear all significant obstacles in the obstacle
domain (see below) by at least 35 ft.
The NTOFP is calculated taking into account possible deviations from the ideal due
to circumstances such as weather, wind, and below average engine performance.

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Figure 1 is a typical example with four segments in the NTOFP. In the first segment,
the landing gear is retracted and the aircraft accelerates to the appropriate speed.
During the second segment, the aircraft climbs to the height selected for flap
retraction, which may not be less than 400 ft. In the third segment the flap is
retracted and the aircraft accelerates to the fourth segment climb speed. In the
fourth segment, the aircraft climbs to 1500 ft or until it is clear of significant
obstacles.

In this case, the two obstacles must be cleared by at least 35 ft. If this is not
possible, the take-off weight must be reduced until it is. Other solutions are
sometimes available but discussion of them is beyond the scope of this article.

Figure 2 illustrates the Obstacle Domain. This is calculated so as to ensure that an

aircraft operating in accordance with the AFM will not encounter any other
significant obstacle. Calculations take into account likely deviations from the
runway centre-line due to circumstances such as weather, wind and below average
pilot performance.
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Further Reading
JAR-OPS 1, especially paragraph 1.430, Appendix 1 and related IEM.

ICAO Annex 6 (Operation of Aircraft) especially Chapter 4 and Appendix 2.

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