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Twostage PDF
Twostage PDF
Anaerobic Sludge
Digestion
Sludge digestion
1
Composition of sewage sludge
Low-rate Digestion
No mixing is provided.
2
Low-rate Digestion
CH4 gas collects above the liquid surface and is drawn off
through the cover.
Low-rate Digestion
3
High-rate Digestion
High-rate Digestion
4
Thermophilic Digestion
called mesophilic.
Thermophilic Digestion
Advantages:
Faster reaction rates, which permit increased VS destruction.
Increased destruction of pathogens.
Disadvantages:
Higher energy requirements for heating
Lower-quality supernatant, containing large quantities of
dissolved materials
Higher odor potential
Poorer process stability because thermophilic bacteria are
more sensitive to temperature fluctuations.
Poor dewaterability
5
Two Stage Digestion
6
Two Stage Digestion
7
Two Phase Digestion
8
Process Design
Design Criteria
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Solids loading rate
10
Solids retention time
operational difficulties.
11
Solids retention time
Critical SRT
Critical SRT is the breakpoint where the rate at which bacteria leave
the system exceeds their rate of reproduction (washout begins)
12
Volatile solids reduction
VS destroyed, %
Gas production
13
Digester tank
Digester tank
14
Egg-shaped sludge digester
15
Digester tank
insulation.
Digester Covers
16
Digester Covers
reinforced polyester.
Digester Covers
membrane cover.
17
Fixed covers
Fixed covers
18
Fixed cover AD with gas holder
Fixed cover AD with a biogas holder Biogas holder with lightning protection
19
Floating gas holder
Roller axis
20
Membrane gas holder
Uniform Feeding
21
Mixing
Benefits of mixing
22
Mechanical mixing
1. Screw pump
circulates the contents
of the tank by drawing
sludge from the bottom.
23
Draft tube mixing
Roof
Side-wall
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Draft tube mixing
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Gas recirculation
Gas recirculation
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Gas recirculation
27
Heating
H1 = Ws·Cp·(T2 – T1)
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Amount of heat required
H2 = U·A·(T2 – T3)
(oC)
Heating
29
Heating equipment
Heating equipment
30
External heat exchangers
1. Sludge is drawn
off from near the
base
31
Heat exchangers
Heat exchangers
32
Heat exchangers
Jacketed pipe
Water bath
Spiral Spiral
Digester performance
33