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Practical Goat Raising GOAT CONGRESS 2012.ppsx
Practical Goat Raising GOAT CONGRESS 2012.ppsx
Practical Goat Raising GOAT CONGRESS 2012.ppsx
Practical
Goat Raising
GOATS ARE COMMONLY
KNOWN AS
4250
Population (‘000 head)
4200
4,182,500 4,177,700 Backyard
4150
Commercial
4100 98.53
4050
4000
3950 3,929,200
3900
3850 1.47
3800
2008 2009 2010
Year
Goat Inventories 2010 (BAS)
P- Preliminary
Current Situation
Goat population – 3.929M goats (BAS, July 2010)
*- Regions Producing the top 58% of the total Philippine Goat Population
Introduction
• Goats are important elements on the pathway out of
poverty for people in Central Luzon;
Add-in Enterprises
Meat Products
Organic Manure
Milk Source
Low reproduction
The National Goat S&T Program
ISP Targets 2020
i preweaning mortality 25 – 10 %
h slaughter weight 15 – 30 kg
i kidding interval 9 – 8 mos.
National h natural conception rate 80 – 95 % Regional
R&D Programs on Goats R&D Programs on Goats
RED CLARRDEC
Program (Feed resources
Goat Farm & technology
Performance Alternative Transfer)
Program Technology
Options CVARRD
Development
(AI & Chevon
of Herbal
Processing)
Drugs Halal
Project Goat
Program
Other goat-focused
Private sector-led programs
programs
IEC, CIN
Enhancing
Supply
Breeder Meat cut
demand
for ANFR Chain
E- FLS-
Impact learning
importation Goat Goat fabrication grads thru
Assess. STBF-
IGM
congresses shows S&T goat
Angora Goats
-bred for their fine
cashmere that is
processed into
various kinds of
apparel
-can also be made as
pets.
Pygmy Goats
- miniature goats most
suitable as pets
- only stands 16-23
inches at the whithers.
Playing Dead?
Fainting Goats
-More or less the
size of a native
goat.
-Meat breed
Goat Breeds Commonly Found in the
Philippines
Anglo- Nubian
Anglo-nubian
• developed in Great
Britain of native
milking stock and
goats from the Middle
East and North Africa
• due to Middle-Eastern
heritage, can live in
very hot climates and
have longer breeding
season
ANGLO-NUBIAN (Nubian)
• distinguishing
characteristics: large,
pendulous ears and a
"Roman" nose
• Because of its elongated
ears and sleek body, the
Nubian has a variety of
nicknames, including "Lop-
eared Goat", "Rabbit
Goat", "Long-eared Goat"
and "Greyhound Goat"
Anglo-nubian
• has different colors with long,
floppy ears, convex nose, and
large structure;
• large in size and carries more
flesh than other dairy breeds
• temperament is sociable,
outgoing, and vocal
ANGLO-NUBIAN (Nubian)
• Large; size makes it a
very useful dual
purpose animal
o does – 60 kg,
30 inches (76 cm)
o bucks –75 kg,
35 inches (88 cm)
• high butterfat, 5% or
more;
but produces less
volume
of milk than other dairy
breeds
Boer
- Meat Type, Originated from
Southern Africa
- Fast growth rate, good
mothering ability, docile.
- Mature bucks weighs about
110-135kg; does 90-110kg.
- Characteristic white body
and red head
Saanen
SAANEN
• white or cream-colored
• large and big-boned, but graceful
and refined in bone
• largest of the dairy goat breeds
Does: 150 lb(68 kg) ↑
Bucks: 200 lb (91 kg) ↑
• ears are erect, nose straight or dished
• usually have beards and horns
Saanen
• commonly used for
commercial
milking
• “Queen of dairy
goats”
• produces the most
milk on average
• Saanen nanny: 1
gal (3.8 li.) a day
• Milk has lower
butterfat content,
2.5%-3.0%
Saanen
• breed is usually pure white
in color;
• medium to heavy built, with
straight or dished face;
• heavy milk producers;
• yield best in much cooler
environment.
SAANEN
• Named after Saanen valley in
Switzerland
• “Sable Saanen” is the term for non-
white Saanen
• calm and mild mannered
• typically breed every year,
producing one or two kids
• Sensitive to too much sunlight,
performs best in cooler regions
Toggenburg
• Oldest known goat dairy breed from Switzerland
• Performs well on cool climates
• Smaller built
Toggenburg
Toggenburg
• It is a common dairy
goat breed because of
the amount of milk it is
able to produce.
ALPINE
• a medium to large size animal;
• does - 57 kg 0.8 meters
or 30 inches tall
• alertly graceful
• hardy, adaptable animals
• hair is medium to short
• have erect ears, horns,
and have a dish-face
(straight)
ALPINE
• aka “French Alpine;” originated
in the French Alps
• can range in color from white
or gray to brown and black
• have no set markings
• heavy milkers
• milk can be made into any
dairy product
ALPINE
Alpine colors are described by using the following terms:
• Cou Blanc (coo blanc) - white neck & front quarters,
black hindquarters, black or gray markings on the head
• Cou Clair (coo clair) - "clear neck," front quarters tan,
saffron, off-white, or shading to gray with black
hindquarters.
• Cou Noir (coo nwah) - literally "black neck" black front
quarters and white hindquarters
• Sundgau (sundgow) - black with white markings such
as underbody, facial stripes, etc.
What’s missing?
La Mancha
• “earless” goat which
was developed from
several goats from
Spain;
Upgrades
25% Native
and
75%
Anglonubian
Breeds Raised in the Philippines
Milk
Cheese
Soaps
• Tapa • Barbeque
• Adobo • Caldereta
• Kilawin • Asado
• Papait • Menudo
• Goat steak • Pochero
• Braised meat chop • Afritada
• Higado • Cocido
• Sinampalukan
Part II
Overshot mouth
Undershot mouth
Reasons for Culling
Split testicles
Extra teats
Reasons for Culling
Abnormal legs
Weak legs
Reasons for Culling
Deformed hooves
Age Determination Thru Dentition
Three permanent teeth Four permanent teeth (4- Teeth start to fall-off (>5
(3-3 ½ years old) 4 ½ years old) years old)
MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS
Fresh milk for ulcers, allergies
and lactose intolerance
Aphrodisiacs
HOUSING SYSTEM
OF GOATS
FLS-IGM, Pangasinan
SRC, CLSU
SRC, CLSU
Recommended Floor Space for Goats:
Buck - 2 sq. m
Napier Stargrass
Paragrass
Guinea grass
Forage corn
Sorghum
Cut-and-carry plots
Cut-and-carry plots
Legumes
Desmanthus Centrosema
Flemingia Stylo
Molasses
Pics courtesy of CLSU-SRC
Crop residues
Corn stovers
Soybean pods
Concentrates
UTRS Silage
Pics courtesy of CLSU-SRC
3. Alternatives to traditional health
management -Deworm kids at 3 months old, repeat
after 3 months;
-Deworm older goats before onset of
rainy season, and repeat monthly
until Sept. Pregnant does-2 wks
before giving birth.
-Deworming and the use of leaves
with anthelminthic qualities like
kakawate, atis, pineapple reduces
egg per gram of feces by 90%.
3. Alternatives to traditional production
management
-Ipil-ipil leaf based for concentrate
supplements preparations, with stall
feeding of grasses and tree leaves
and complete confinement during the
rainy season and semi confinement
during the dry season, improved
production by 60%.
- complete confinement
Ipil-ipil
Semi-confinement method
4. Alternatives to traditional grazing
management - Start grazing goats at 9 am,
when the dews on the leaves of
grasses are already dry to avoid
eating of larvae of parasites
contaminating the leaves of
grasses. The practice RRG for
larger lands, and transfer to
another paddocks within 3 days
reduce considerably worm loads
among goats.
RAPID ROTATIONAL GRAZING
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The practice of upgrading….
Native Goats
Triple Cross
(Native-Anglo-Boer)
FLS Camiling
WHY UPGRADE GOAT ?
• Improvement or enhancement of the
performance of the animal to increase
productivity
• Meat
• Milk
ANSWER TO LOW
• Dual QUALITY BREEDERS
• Breeder PROBLEM
• Money
• Using purebred buck
Purebred buck X Native doe
F1
(50% Purebred:50% Native)
Purebred buck X F1
F2
(75% Purebred:25% Native)
Purebred buck X F2
F3
(87% Purebred:12.5% Native)
• Starting with an upgraded buck
Upgraded buck (40 kg) Native doe (20 kg)
(75% AN:25% N) X (100% N)
1
F1 (30 kg)
(37.5% AN:62.5% N)
2
F2 (40 kg)
(68.75% AN:31.25% N)
3
F3 (50 kg)
(84.37% AN:15.63% N)
The practice of upgrading….
Native Goats
Triple Cross
(Native-Anglo-Boer)
FLS Camiling
5. Alternatives to traditional
breeding management
-Avoidance of breeding
during the months of
February and March of each
year ;
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NATIVE 100% 50% N & 50% AN 25% N & 75% AN
Pics courtesy of CLSU, SRC
REPRODUCTION RATE
TOTAL = 12 kids
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Production
Mature weight of the animals (kg)
Benefit
Production I II III
Stage
Doe 20 (Native) 30 (F1) 40 (F2)
Buck 40 (Upgraded) 50 (Purebred) 50 (Purebred)
Offspring 30 (F1) 40 (F2) 50 (F3)
Weight
10 20 30
Difference
Economic
Benefit
Weight
10 20 30
Difference
Price/kg P70.00 P100.00 P150.00
Price Difference P700.00 P2,000.00 P4,500.00
7. Goat-based Add-In
Enterprises
White Cheese
Php 75.00