Refining-Petrochemicals-Chemicals-Engineering

———

REACTION SECTION

— Figures —

Figure 1 : Diesel hydrotreater unit reaction section SOR

Figure 2 : Diesel hydrotreater unit reaction section EOR

Figure 3 : Double bed HDS reactor

Figure 4 : Second HDT reactor

Figure 5 : Hydrotreatments - Detailed technology of feed distribution

Figure 6 : Hydrotreatments - Ammonium sulfide formation

RA REF - 00559_B_A - Rev. 2 04/03/2009

© 2009 - IFP Training
 FUEL GAS

17 91 123 54 84
— Figure 1 — 44
RECYCLE GAS
from
DIESEL HYDROTREATER UNIT G 04 HP AMINE SCRUBBER
REACTION
REACTION
SECTION
SECTION
SOR 8.5 RECYCLE
E 06 CW COMPRESSOR
8.5 5.7
H2 MAKE-UP
from REFORMER
B 01
DIESEL HEATER Fuel gas Flare
D 02 1st D 03 2nd G 03 A/B
325
DIESEL DIESEL 325 H2 MAKE-UP
REACTOR REACTOR COMPRESSOR 0.3 WATER from
105
53 FRACTIONATOR
251 55 WASTE WATER
D 12
103 WATER from
D07 WASH
39
MAKE-UP WATER SOUR WATER STRIPPER
KO DRUM
BOILER FEED WATER
FG G 07 A/B
WASH WATER
265
to HP AMINE SCRUBBER
12
109 45 RECYCLE GAS
85 to
345 E 05 HP AMINE SCRUBBER
100 H2 PREHEATER 184 143 185
D 10
268 COLD HP
69 E 07 54
E 02 A/B/C SEPARATOR

33 102
98 118

Flowrate (t/h) Temperature (°C) Pressure (bar rel.) 4 SOUR GAS to

SOUR FUEL GAS
255 E 08 COOLER
8 12.7
D 24
HDS PRODUCT Fuel gas Flare
54 SOUR WATER
to D 04 DIESEL 13
14 FLASH DRUM
HOT HP
AIR COOLER 0.8 SEPARATOR
62
E 01
D 11
150
Lt DIESEL 197 276 COLD LP 12
SEPARATOR
218 D 01 FEED DRUM SOUR WATER to
D 13 189
Hy DIESEL HOT LP SOUR WATER
SEPARATOR SURGE DRUM
125 E 09 270
G 01 A/B
RA_HDT

HDS PRODUCT
to H2S STRIPPER
G 05 A/B 29
HDS PRODUCT
D PCD 2633 AF

from FRACTIONATOR
© 2009 - IFP Training
 FUEL GAS

16 101 123 54 84
— Figure 2 — 45
RECYCLE GAS
from
DIESEL HYDROTREATER UNIT G 04 HP AMINE SCRUBBER
REACTION
REACTION
SECTION
SECTION
EOR 8 RECYCLE
E 06 CW COMPRESSOR
8 6
H2 MAKE-UP
from REFORMER
B 01
DIESEL HEATER Fuel gas Flare
D 02 1st D 03 2nd G 03 A/B
365
DIESEL DIESEL 365 H2 MAKE-UP
REACTOR REACTOR COMPRESSOR 0.3 WATER from
114
53 FRACTIONATOR
253 55 WASTE WATER
D 12
110 WATER from
D07 WASH
38
MAKE-UP WATER SOUR WATER STRIPPER
KO DRUM
BOILER FEED WATER
FG G 07 A/B
WASH WATER
305
to HP AMINE SCRUBBER
12
118 46 RECYCLE GAS
85 to
385 E 05 HP AMINE SCRUBBER
105 H2 PREHEATER 186 143 186
D 10
269 COLD HP
71 E 07 54
E 02 A/B/C SEPARATOR

35 102
103 128 H2S
Flowrate (t/h) Temperature (°C) Pressure (bar rel.)
5 SOUR GAS to
SOUR FUEL GAS
255 E 08 COOLER
9 12.7
D 24
HDS PRODUCT Fuel gas Flare
54 SOUR WATER
to D 04 DIESEL 13
14 FLASH DRUM
HOT HP
AIR COOLER 0.8 SEPARATOR
62
E 01
D 11
150
Lt DIESEL 198 277 COLD LP 12
SEPARATOR
218 D 01 FEED DRUM SOUR WATER to
D 13 189
Hy DIESEL HOT LP SOUR WATER
SEPARATOR SURGE DRUM
134 E 09 271
G 01 A/B
RA_HDT

HDS PRODUCT
to H2S STRIPPER
G 05 A/B 30
HDS PRODUCT
D PCD 2633 AE

from FRACTIONATOR
© 2009 - IFP Training
 DOUBLE BED HDS REACTOR — Figure 3 —

FEED

MH1
Feed difuser

1st liquid distr. tray

Liquid and gas chimney type
TL

Inert balls
Liquid distributor tray
∅3/4"
Scale trap baskets

Catalyst bed
Catalyst bed n°1
TW
Catalyst support grid

Quench pipe
MH2
Catalyst unloading pipes
Carbon steel
18 Cr 8 Ni plating
Quench mixing tray

2nd liquid distr. tray

chimney type
Inert balls

Liquid distributor. tray

Catalyst bed

Catalyst bed n°2

TW

MH3 Thermowell pipe

TL
Inert balls 45°
∅1/4"
Inert balls
∅3/4" Outlet collector
Catalyst unloading nozzle
D MEQ 015 G

EFFLUENT

© 2009 - IFP Training

 SECOND HDT REACTOR — Figure 4 —

FEED

Manhole Feed difuser

Inlet distributor

Liquid Gas Chimney type

TL

Liquid distributor tray

Inert balls Scale trap baskets

∅1/4"

Catalyst bed

Carbon steel
18 Cr 8 Ni plating

TW

Thermowell
Manhole

TL 45°
Inert balls
∅1/4"

Inert balls
∅3/4" Outlet collector
Catalyt unloading nozzle
D MEQ 015 H

EFFLUENT

© 2009 - IFP Training

 HYDROTREATMENTS REACTOR
GASOIL HYDRODESULFURIZATION
— Detailed technology of feed distribution
— Detail A — and alternate trashtrap —

— Figure 5 —

Distributor tray Chimneys

∅ 10

∅ 75
Carbon steel

Reactor axis
18 Cr 8 Ni plating 350

Alumina
∅ 150
600

D MEQ 018 B

Baskets Catalyst

© 2009 - IFP Training

 HYDROTREATMENTS — Figure 6 —
– Ammonium sulfide formation –

• Favorable conditions for NH4 HS formation depending on temperature and partial pressures

For any temperature t

Possible formation
of solid NH4 HS
Partial pressure H2S

NH3 (g) + H2S (g) NH4HS (s)

No solid
NH4 HS Te
mpe
ra
tur
e

Partial pressure NH3

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.80.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

10 10
Partial pressure H2S (bar)

9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2
Te
m pe
rat
ure
1 40 45 1
0.9
° ° C 0.9
0.8 C 0.8
0.7 35 0.7
0.6
°C 0.6
30
0.5
°C 0.5

0.4 25 0.4
°C
0.3 20 0.3
°C
0.2 15 0.2
°C
10
°C
D PCD 908 B

0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.80.9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Partial pressure NH3(bar)
© 2009 - IFP Training