Portal Frame Design Of Portal Frame Yy , + LL. =60~-66.67 tana = 200-300 tana "for Wy=LL. x8Portal Frame 3) Wind Joad » Wend = (Cox Kxq) x K= Oforh< 10m t ji | for h<20m 0 kgim? in Cairo Pressure side © Vertical surface " surface 1" a Section C.= 408 H owe W,=08x 10x 70x8 a © Inclined Surface " surface 2" depends on inclination of surface Fortana <0.4 -C.=06 For tan a > 08 = C= 408 For0.8 Ltinax 80 Fee = Fis Fox = Mp / Sx Litmax SO use knee bracing to decreas. ifnon compact and So Fh = (14 1.536 if compact see } L 80X80X8 Purlin L 60X60X6, PL 10MM. Sec 3-3: Max -ve Te= tw X (2H) / 12 +2 (Dex ty CH= tp / 2 Se=l ys hsh Fiox = (1-4 if non compact 1.536 if compact see ) a x Sx < FtexPortal Frame Design of column Choose the critical section |" without wind" or 4 * with wind” 1-Choice of Section: > Me Assume fi, = 1.2 Vern” and get the S. required = i al cm* and from the tables we choose the appropriate IPE 2-Cheek. finaly get faa Fe, fix . Foo, and Ay and check A, $1.00 as previously described in design of rolled columns. grPortal Frame Side and End grits Both side and end girts are used to mount the side or end cladding, the difference between the two is that the side girts are supported on the main column and men | the end girts are supported on the end gables column. ; q | ~ The acting loads: © Dead Load. ‘Own weight (15 Weight of the st 5-8) kg/m? for single layer. © Wind load ~ In this case the wind load will be a main load so it will be a case A Waint= (Cex K xq) xa C.=08 K=L0 for AS 10 m Ll for h< 20m q= 70 kg/m in Cairo x Side Or End Girt The straining actions. © = W,= due to wind load only ears Vind Load => + 4, Y uals 8 © Wy= due to dead loads only Wy= wexa tow W,xS Dead Load M,=— 8 Such that S is: ‘The span of side girtd = spacing between main frames columns The span of end girts. = spacing between end gables columns. wnPortal Frame And a is: The spacing between side or end girts. 3- Choice of Section: As the channels are non compact sections so F,., = 1.4 ven? Assume S,=7 S, for hot rolled sec. or $.=6 $, for cold formed see i . M,+(60r7)M, By solving the first equation we get the S, required = “17 O74, om 14 And from the tables we choose the appropriate channel. 4- Check \, M eee NB. In case of not satisfied we increase the channel section or use tie rod to reduce My 14Portal Frame End Gable Column The end gable column is the supporting element of the end girts, its statical system is hinged base and roller connection with the rafter as shown in figure, so there 8 no normal force transmitted from the rafter to the end gable 1+, Design Procedure: 3 The acting loads a, Dead Load. i, Own weight (40 - 60) ke/m™ ii, Weight of the steel sheets w -8) ka/m* for single layer. ui, Weight of the end girts w= (10 - 20) kg/m* b. Wind load: i. In this ease the wind load will be a main load so it will be a case A fi, Woont= (Cex K x q) x S) He arecing 08 0 for #<10 m = Ll for h<20m q= 70 kg/m in Cairo Vind toed 7 4- ‘The staining actions: v a, Wx= due to wind load only Wy= WongPortal Frame due to dead loads only We (Si XA) + ow. xh + We x (number of girts ) x S; Such that Si = The span of end girts = spacing between end gables columns h= The end gable height 5- Choice of Seetion ind get the S, required = is em? and from the tables we choose the appropriate IPE 6- Check 3+ than= Toy hus = the bigger of ( distance between end girts or height of eres S- Check for compact Section 6- Lina = distance between end girts 20xb, vf 1380 4, Foxd T~ Calculate Lumas = + tex, <1.00 8 And finaly get f,Fe, fix, Feex and Ay and check as previously described in design of rolled columns Purtin Rafter sted connection End guble col braPortal Frame Example Itis required for the shown industrial building to - 42m _ 24m a. Draw witha suitable scale a complete layout for the main system "2 hinged steel frame” of clear height 8m b. Calculate the loads on the frame for the diff. cases of loading © Design the Col , Rafter , Side girts & end gable column. 104A ) The general layout. 2.0m 60m f 420m — Ko tom 40m Vertical Bracing 6.0m | Plan tt 4.0m ———_ 14/24 & 6.0m 4t 1Sm Lom 25m Elevation 10:1 SS 1 = HE { | sm [ht I Oral i r H 8.0m -¢— i? 23m) l | a NL | i | 6.0m 24.0m 15/24 End Gable SectionPortal Frame B — loads on frame tana=0.1 a=5.71 y . Wa= ((We / cos a) + Ws )x $= ((5 008 5.71) +25) x6 = 180 kg/m 2) Live load ° LL. = 60 ~ 66.67 tan a = 60 - 66.67 x 0.1 = 53.33 kg/m? W, = LL. x $= 53.33 x6 = 320 kom 3) Wind load Wena (Cox K xq) S 0 forhs 10m . = 11 forh< 20m q= 70 kg/m? in Cairo © Vertical surface " surface 1" y C= 108 Wi =0.8x 1070 x6 = 340 kgm © Inclined Surface * surface 2" tana=0.1<04 C.=-06 Wo= 0.6.x 10x 70 x6 =-250 kg/m Suction side © Vertical surface ” surface 3" Co=05 Ws =-0.5x 1.0% 70x6=-200kgim © Inclined Surface " surface 4” C= 05 Wa = -0.5 x 10x 70 x 6 = -200 kg/m = Wy + W, =0.324+0.18=0.5 vm 16paOnginal system w, Pressure Suction side | side I 4 Case (A) D.L. + LL. Case (B) W.L. Modified system 6 ton 6ton 3.53 ton Case (A) D.L. + LL. 36 mt Mo Total load |Portal Frame From case A ( Dead + Live Only ) Sto = 2 (36x 12/2 x {8+ 2/3 x12) +( 2/3. x 9x 12) x 8/2 +9.22)) -5040 Si =2(8X8/2 x23 XB+8X 12x (8249.22) +12 12/2 x (8 +28 x12) =2119.25 810+ Xx by =O X= 2.378 From case B ( Wind Load) S10 = 28 x 2.72x8x4-23.2 x 8/2 x23 x8 + 23X45 x12 x 8.6 - 22.56 x 12/2 x84 -0.64 x 12N 2x86 +2/3X3.6x 12 8.6~5.75 x 12X84 FIBXBX16X4-6.4 x82 x23x8 +1540.4 81 = 2(8x8/2N 23 XB+BX 12K (8249.22) 412% 12K (B+W 12) 19.25 dio Xr x81 =0 Xi = 0.72 Final loment 6.06 mt 20mt : i f t 0.16 mt | Case (A) D.L. + LL. J 1 L i Case of wind neglected Design of rafter: o= 13 mt N = neglected Assume f= 1.536 Vem? Sx = 13 x 100 / 1.536 = 850 em? Choose LP.E 360 TRIMPortal Frame Check Dy/ ty = (36-4 x 1.27) /0,8 = 38.6 <82 C/te=8.5/127=6.7< 10.9 Lumax = 20 bf /¥ Fy = 20x 17/\2.4= 219 Sec 2-2: Mtve Luact = a = 200 om < Laiax = 219 See is compact Fhex = 1.536 t/ em? Foe = Mx/ Sx = 1300 / 904 = 1.438 t em? < Foe = 1.536 t/cm? Safe End of the haunch Xtana Xch+Xtana)+WyX YxX My=2.5(84+Xx0.1)+05X7/2-9xX = 0.25 X*-5.75 X+20 20/8 = 2.5 | to get Xs put My 13 =0.25 X, Xn ~ 5.75 Xy +20 29 take length of haunch = 1.5 m 2 to get the point of Zero Shear * beginning of the -ve moment zone * X. put My = zero 0=0.25 X, 5.75 Xo +20 27m Lia = 427m > Ling so use knee bracing and so Fhe = 1.536 vemn* See 3-3: Max -ve I x (2h)? / 12 +2 (be x te h=te/2 8x (729/12 +2. (17x 1.27 (36 - 1.27/29 = 78887 om! Sx = Ik /y = 78887 / 36 = 2191.6 em? Free = 1.536 Vem* x 127 Fix = Mg / Sx = 2000 / 2191.6 = 0.91 Vem? < Frox “yr 194Portal Frame Design of column Choice of sec 1 Me 20 mt N=6ton 2 Vem? S,= 20x 100 / 1.2 = 1666.6 em? Assume f Choose I.P.E 500 Cheek, Fal Fe+At fin / Fhex $1 Loa =K¥8 Gy = 10 hinged base Gn =(le/ Le) / (Ig / Lg) = (48200 /89/(17270/24)=8.4 K=2.90 Lon = 2.90 x 8= 23.20 m Liou = 4.0m ft. = 2330/20.4 = 113.7 < 180 jana = Lty / ty = 400 /4.31 = 92.8 < 180 Yonax = 113.7 > 100 © = 7500 (113.7) = 0.58 vem" F F 2 vem’ Fal Fe=09<.15 Ay=1.0 Fox = Mx / Sx = 2000 / 1930 = 1.036 t/ 1 Luact = 400 em Lumax = 20 bf/V Fy = 20 x 20/V2.4 Section is non compact or slender Py =-N/A+Mg/S -.052 + 1.036 = .99 052 - 1.036 = -1.09 Dultw=(50~ 4x 16 )/ 102 = 42.7 <(190/ (Fy) x (2+ ¥))) = HLS “t= 10/1 6.25 < 14.8 See is non compact 20/04Portal Frame Monat / Meg = - 10/20 = Co= 175+ 105 a4.3a7= 13 Frey = 800 AF Cp /( Lud ) = 800 x 20 x 1.6 x 1.3/( 400 x 50) = 1.66 > 14 Frex= 14 t/em? “ease A” safe, 20 10 104Portal Frame Design Of end gable: 1 The acting loads: h=8+ 12x01 a, Dead Load: i Own weight 50 kg/m’ ii, Weight of the steel sheets iii, Weight of the end girts 2m b. Wind load: i. In this case the wind load will be a main load so it will be a case A ii, Wwina= (Cex K x Sy a C= 08 1.0 for h<10 m 70 kg/m? in Cairo 2. The straining actions Vind Lona he straining action co d a. W,= due to wind load only We= Wont = 0.8 x Lx 70 x6 = 0.336 Um ne E 5s My 22% = 0.3368 9.27/8= 3.55 mt due to dead loads only N= wex (Si Xh) + 0.W. xt Wy X (number of gitts ) x S) N=6x (6x 9.2) +50 9.2 +20 x(5)x6= 14 ton Choice of see: M, = 3.55 mt N= 14 ton 3x 100/ 1.2 7 Assume f= 1.2 vem? 96 erm Choose LP-E 240 Cheek Foal Fe + At fix Foo SU m “wall height " Looe = 9.2 m_ 22004Portal Frame Lay ty = 250/269 Jove = Lag 2.9-< 180 2.3< 180 = 14-65 x 10° (93) Fae 14/39.1= 035 Vem’ 83 Vem? PalFe= 083 <.15 A, Far =My/S, 951324 = 109t/ om? Loaet = 250 em. Lumax = 20 bf/V Fy = 20x 12/V24= 1549 < 250 Section is non compact or slender Fr=-N/A+M/S,=.035 +1095 1.055 F N/A-My IS. ~035- 109 = -1.195 Perse -937 > 1 Dylt (24-4 80.98 )/0.62 = 2. 38 <(190 /(NFy) x (2 + Y= 1153 Clt=6/998 56.175 < 14.8 See isaen compact C= LB Fit = 800 AFC, /( Lud) = 800 x 12x 0.98 x1 13/(250x24)= 1.7514 Foes = Lot tem? : pplying interaction equation : 843+ 1.0% 1.09; O82<1 "ease A" safe, 14Portal Frame Design of Side girts 1 The acting loads: © Dead Load, ~ Own weight 20.kg/m ~ Weight of the steel sheets w. = 6 kg/m? ° Wind load: > In this case the wind load will be a main Jad so it will be a case A ~ Woint= (Cox K xq) xa 08 10 for As 10 m x 70 kg/m? in Cairo | | Siée_Or End 2- The straining actions: hed toad > yl eae lesa + Wy = due to wind load nly Wid Lond > We Wi = Wend = 0.8 8 8 70.8 1.5 = 84 kg dn i . il My ©. = 0.084 x 67/8 = 0.378 mt . to dead loads only Dead Load Na tow. =6x 15 +205 29 kgin Wy x8? A My = SS = 0.029 67/8 = 0.1305 mt As the channels are non compact sections so Fi, = 14 vee” S.=7 Sy for hot rolled see M,+7M Ta 37847 13.05) 41.4 = 92.25em* Sy required = choose C 160 5 Check M Fi + en, = 278/116 + 13.05 183 = 104 Vem? < 1.4 vem? safe but waste so try C 10 and recheck ; 2404