INDIVIDUAL REPORT

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MARKING SHEET
MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL
DESIGN PROJECT 2 (CPB 30803)
AND BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
JANUARY 2017

STUDENT’S NAME STUDENT’S ID NO.

55213114011
NURUL SYAFIQAH BINTI YAHYA
PROJECT
PRODUCTION OF CUMENE (100,000 METRIC TON/YEAR)
TITLE
GROUP 11 SUPERVISOR MDM FARIDAH BINTI GHAFAR

Chapter Items assessed/expected contents Weightage Score

1. Introduction Design intention, operating conditions, input and output stream
composition (mass balance) and other information related with the
equipment design consideration are concisely introduced. x3
Score:
0 1 2 3 4 5
2. Detailed Clear drawing, completed with dimension and legend. All of the
drawing components of the equipment are drawn properly. The scale of the
drawing is proportional. Usage of CAD for drawing. x6
Score:
0 1 2 3 4 5
3. Specification Equipment ID, type of equipment, purpose. Material of construction,
datasheet dimension, internal design (trays, weir, downcomer, packing type and
support, demister pads, rotors, blade, baffle, etc.) Valves, fittings,
manhole etc. x5
Score:
0 1 2 3 4 5
4. Calculation All of the calculation related with the design (e.g. determination of
plate number, reflux ratio, diameter, length etc.). The assumption
taken for the calculation must be stated clearly. Utilization of process
system engineering software e.g. Aspen, HYSYS, Chemcad, Pro II x4
and other online calculation tools.
Score:
0 1 2 3 4 5
8. Report Format Readability of report, quality of language, reference style.
Score: x2
0 1 2 3 4 5

TOTAL SCORE /100

Evaluated by:

_______________________________________
Date:
 INDIVIDUAL REPORT

NURUL SYAFIQAH BINTI YAHYA

55213114011

S01 - SEPARATOR

1. INTRODUCTION

The goal of this design process is to produce cumene product at 100,000 metric tons per year
with a purity of at least 99.5 mol%. The mechanism for production of cumene in this process is
by the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene with propylene. A secondary reaction involved in
this process is the formation of a byproduct, p-diisopropylbenzene (DIPB), from propyleneand
cumene. If the purity of DIPB exceeds 98 mol%, the byproduct can be sold for profit.

𝐶3𝐻6 + 𝐶6𝐻6 → 𝐶9𝐻12

Propylene Benzene Cumene

𝐶3𝐻6 + 𝐶9𝐻12 → 𝐶12𝐻18 39

Propylene Cumene DIPB

The separation of cumene from this mixture involves a multistage distillation process. This
appendix provides the detailed separation process for cumene purification, the approach behind
the design, and an overall cost analysis for the separation portion of cumene production.
MASS BALANCE

CALCULATION AT THE SEPARATOR (S01)

P, Pr

B, P, Pr, C
and DIPB
𝐵8 = 𝐵7 − (𝐵𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 ) 13 B, C, DIPB
𝐵8 = 𝐵7 − (𝑃𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 )

𝐵8 = 222.548387 − (111.2741935 × 0.99)

𝐵8 = 222.548387 − (110.1614516)

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐵8 = 112.3869354
ℎ𝑟
2
𝐷8 = 33 × 110.1614516
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐷8 = 6.676451612
ℎ𝑟

31
𝐶8 = ( × 110.1614516) + 𝐶7
33

31
𝐶8 = ( × 110.1614516) + 2.17449264
33

𝐶8 = (103.485) + 2.17449264

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐶8 = 105.6594926
ℎ𝑟

𝑃8 = 𝑃7 − (𝑃7 × 99%)

𝑃8 = 111.2741935 − (111.2741935 × 0.99)

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑃8 = 1.112741935
ℎ𝑟
 Table 5.7: Molar fraction of each components in the streams in the separator (S01).

Stream 11 12 13
Benzene (mol B/ mol 0.499 - 0.512
Total)
Propylene (mol P/ mol 0.005 0.16 -
Total)
Propane (mol Pr/ mol 0.025 0.84 -
Total)
Cumene (mol C/ mol 0.456 - 0.470
Total)
DIPB (mol D/ mol 0.015 - 0.018
Total)

Table 5.8: Summary table for the separator (S01).

Mw 11 12 13

g/mol kmol/hr kmol/hr kmol/hr

Benzene 78.11 112.387 0 112.387

Propylene 42.08 1.113 1.113 0

Propane 44.1 5.857 5.857 0

Cumene 120.19 105.66 0 105.66

DIPB 162.276 6.676 0 6.676

TOTAL 231.693 6.97 224.723

2. DETAILED DRAWING

vapor outlet

1 ft
6"

HD = 0.82 ft DV= 1.64 ft

dN = 0.3474 in
inlet feed
HT= 130.6274 ft

HLIN = 12.3474 in
HLL

Hs= 38.71 ft
Hs
NLL

HH= 77.50 ft
LLL

HLLL= 15"

Liquid outlet
3. SPECIFICATION DATASHEET

DATA SPECIFICATION SHEET

DATE : 15
IDENTIFICATION: SEPARATOR COLUMN JUNE 2017

NO REQUIRED: 1

FUNCTION: TO SEPARATE THE MIXTURE BETWEEN VAPOR AND LIQUID STATE

OPERATION: CONTINUOS

TYPE: VAPOR-LIQUID VERTICAL SEPARATOR

DETAIL SPECIFICATION

OPERATING PRESSURE 5 ATM

DESIGN PRESSURE 5 atm

OPERATING TEMPERATURE 40°C

DESIGN TEMPERATURE 40°C

SETTLING VELOCITY, US 0.6332 ft./s

VAPOR VOLUMETRIC FLOWRATE : 1.2643 ft3/s

VERTICAL SEPARATOR, DV : 1.64 ft.

LIQUID VOLUMETRIC FLOWRATE : 0.273 ft3/s

HELD UP VOLUME: 163.72 ft3

SURGE VOLUME : 81.87 ft3

HLLL : 15 inch

HELD UP HEIGHT, HH : 77.50 ft.

SURGE HEIGHT, HS : 38.71 ft.

HEIGHT LIQUID INLET : 12.3474 ft.

DISENGGAGEMENT HEIGHT, HD : 0.82 ft.

HEIGHT TANK, HT : 130.6274 ft.

4. CALCULATION

Top separator: 305.097 kg/hr

Propylene: 0.16, 𝜌 = 2.419 kg/m3

Propane: 0.84, 𝜌 = 2.358 kg/m3

Bottom separator: 22288.258 kg/hr

Benzene: 0.512, 𝜌 = 803.8 kg/m3

Cumene: 0.470, 𝜌 = 795.8 kg/m3

DIPB: 0.018, 𝜌 = 857 kg/m3

Density top (vapor)

Propylene = 0.16 x 2.419 kg/m3

= 0.387 kg/m3

Propane = 0.84 x 2.358 kg/m3

= 1.98 kg/m3

Total density = 2.367 kg/m3

= 0.1478 lb/ft3

Density bottom (liquid)

Benzene = 0.512 x 803.8 kg/m3

= 411.55 kg/m3

Cumene = 0. 470 x 795.8 kg/m3

= 374.03 kg/m3

DIPB = 0.018 x 857 kg/m3

= 15.426 kg/m3

Total density = 801.006 kg/m3

= 50.005 lb/ft3
Settling velocity
𝜌𝑙 −𝜌𝑣 1
𝑢𝑡 = 0.07[ 𝜌𝑣
]2

Where;

𝜌𝐿 = 801.006 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

𝜌𝑉 = 2.367 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
801.006−2.367 1
𝑢𝑡 = 0.07[ 2.367
]2

𝑢𝑡 = 1.286 𝑚/𝑠
𝑢𝑠 = 0.15 × 1.286 𝑚/𝑠
= 0.193 m/s

= 0.6332 ft/s

Vapor volumetric flowrate

305.097 𝑘𝑔/ℎ
=
(3600 × 2.367)

= 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟓𝟖 𝒎𝟑 /𝒔

= 𝟏. 𝟐𝟔𝟒𝟑 𝒇𝒕𝟑 /𝒔

Vertical separator
𝟒 𝑽𝒗
𝑫𝒗 = √( )
𝝅𝒖𝒔

𝟒 (𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟓𝟖)
= √( )
𝝅(𝟎.𝟏𝟗𝟑)

= 𝟎. 𝟓 𝒎
= 𝟏. 𝟔𝟒 𝒇𝒕

Liquid volumetric flowrate

22288.258 𝑘𝑔/ℎ
= (3600 𝑠 × 801.006 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )

= 𝟕. 𝟕𝟐𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎𝟑 /𝒔

= 𝟎. 𝟐𝟕𝟑 𝒇𝒕𝟑 /𝒔
Allow a minimum of 10 minutes hold up

Volume held in vessel

VH= 7.729 × 10−3 𝑚3 /𝑠 × (10 × 60)

= 𝟒. 𝟔𝟑𝟕𝟒 𝒎𝟑

= 𝟏𝟔𝟑. 𝟕𝟓 𝒇𝒕𝟑

Volume surge

VS= 7.729 × 10−3 𝑚3 /𝑠 × 5

= 𝟐. 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟕 𝒎𝟑

= 𝟖𝟏. 𝟖𝟕 𝒇𝒕𝟑

HLLL = 15 inch

Liquid depth required, HH

𝑉𝐻
𝐻𝐻 = 𝜋
( ×𝐷𝑣 )
4

163.75𝑓𝑡 3
= 𝜋
( ×1.642 )
4

= 𝟕𝟕. 𝟓𝟎 𝒇𝒕

Liquid surge required, HS

𝑉𝑠
𝐻𝑆 = 𝜋
( ×𝐷𝑣 )
4

81.87 𝑓𝑡 3
= 𝜋
( ×1.642 )
4

= 𝟑𝟖. 𝟕𝟏 𝒇𝒕
Liquid inlet, HLIN

12 + dN

Where;
4 𝑄𝑚 1
dN ≥ [ 𝜋60 ]2
√𝜌𝑚

𝑄𝑚 = 𝑄𝑙 + 𝑄𝑣
𝑄𝑚 = 0.273 + 1.2643
= 1.5373 ft3/s

𝜌𝑚 = 𝜌𝑚 ⋋ +𝜌𝑣 (1 − ⋋)
𝑄𝑙
⋋= 𝑄𝑙 − 𝑄𝑣

0.273
⋋ = |0.273 − 1.2643 |

⋋ = 0.2754
𝜌𝑚 = 50.005(0.2754) + 0.1478 (1 − 0.2754)
= 13.88
4 (1.5373) 1
dN = [ 𝜋60 ]2
√13.88

= 0.3474

HLIN = 12 + dN

= 12.3747 ft

Disengagement height, HD

HD = 0.5 (Dv)

= 0.5 (1.646 ft)

= 0.82 ft

Height tank, HT

HT = HLLL +HH + HS + HLIN + HD

HT = 1.25 ft + 77.50 ft + 38.71 ft + 12.3474 ft + 0.82 ft

= 130.6274 ft
REFERENCES

Objectives, K. E. Y. L. (2013). Separation of Fluids. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-096659-

5.00016-X

Chemtech, S. (n.d.). Gas / Liquid Separation Technology.

Design Two Phase Separators Within the Right Limits_CEP Oct 1993.pdf. (n.d.).

Fluids, T. W. (n.d.). Chapter 8, 1–35.

Ii, W. W. (1892). Chapter 1 Chapter 2, 1–74.

Monnery, D., & Svrcek, Y. (n.d.). Successfully Specify Separators, (l), 29–40.

Practice, E. (2007). MANUAL GAS / LIQUID SEPARATORS - TYPE SELECTION AND DESIGN RULES,
2007(December).

Swaco, M. (n.d.). 3-Phase Separator.

Towler, G., & Sinnott, R. A. Y. (n.d.). CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Principles , Practice and Economics of
Plant and Process Design.