HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

NC SCHOOL
HWACHEON MACHINE TOOL

CNC LATHE
PROGRAMING MANUAL

HWACHEON TRAINING CENTER

2005년
2005년 01월
01월 01일
01일
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

CNC SUMMARY
◈Computerized Numerical Control

-From
-From aa given
given drawing,
drawing, analyze
analyze
its
its size
size and
and processing
processing
conditions.
conditions. After
After that,
that, input
input aa
part
part program
program withwith
understandable
understandable commands
commands for for
NC
NC controller.
controller.
-This
-This program
program makes
makes commands
commands
공구대 for
for controlling
controlling speed
speed and
and
position
position for
for movement
movement of of
spindle
spindle byby interpreter
interpreter with
with
those
those commands
commands servoservo motor
motor
can
can bebe rotated.
rotated.

Rotation
Rotation of
of servo
servo motor
motor can
can bebe changed
changed toto linear
linear action
action by
by ball
ball
screw,
screw, and
and this
this changed
changed action
action can
can move
move work
work or
or ATC.
ATC.
As
As aa conclusion,
conclusion, because
because of
of relative
relative action
action between
between ATC
ATC and
and work
work
piece,
piece, processing
processing is
is possible
possible as
as aa user’s
user’s intention.
intention.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

CNC coordinate system

1)
1) Machine
◈ Machine coordinate
coordinate system
system

▶
▶ AA coordinate
coordinate system
system with
with aa machine
machine zero
zero point
point set
set as
as its
its origin
origin is
is
referred
referred to
to as
as aa machine
machine coordinate
coordinate system.
system.
▶
▶ AA machine
machine coordinate
coordinate system
system is
is set
set by
by performing
performing manual
manual reference
reference
position
position return
return after
after power-on
power-on
▶
▶ AA machine
machine coordinate
coordinate system,
system, once
once set,
set, remains
remains unchanged
unchanged until
until
the
the power
power is
is turned
turned off.
off.

2)
2) Work
Work coordinate
coordinate system
system

▶
▶ AA coordinate
coordinate system
system used
used for
for matching
matching aa work
work is
is referred
referred to
to
as
as aa work
work coordinate
coordinate system.
system.

▶
▶ AA work
work coordinate
coordinate system
system is
is set
set so
so that
that aa point
point on
on the
the tool,
tool,
such
such as
as the
the tool
tool tip,
tip, is
is at
at specified
specified coordinates.
coordinates.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

CNC coordinate system

3)
3) Relative
◈ Relative coordinate
coordinate system
system

▶It
▶It is
is calling
calling Incremental
Incremental coordinate
coordinate system,
system, and
and ItIt is
is can
can change
change data
data
at
at any
any time.
time.
▶Usually,
▶Usually, relative
relative coordinate
coordinate system
system is
is using
using at
at the
the simple
simple handle
handle
mode
mode andand coordinate
coordinate setting.
setting.
▶When
▶When AUTOAUTO operating
operating itit is
is not
not effect
effect on
on absolute
absolute coordinate.
coordinate.

4)
4) Methods
Methods of
of command
command
Absolute
Absolute command
command
command
command end end point
point position
position by
by absolute
absolute coordinate.
coordinate.
Using
Using coordinate
coordinate X,X, ZZ
Example
Example )) G00
G00 X10.
X10. Z-20.
Z-20. ;;
Incremental
Incremental command
command
Specify
Specify the
the distance
distance from
from the
the previous
previous tool
tool position
position to
to the
the next
next tool
tool
position.
position.
Using
Using coordinate
coordinate U,U, WW
Example
Example )) G00
G00 U30.
U30. W-50.
W-50. ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

CNC coordinate system

5)
5) Mixed
◈ Mixed command
command

Command
Command absolute
absolute command
command and
and incremental
incremental command
command at
at aa single
single
block.
block.

Compare each command

E
N
D
P
O
I
N
T

X Absolute command

S
T
A
R
T
P
O
I
N
T
G00 X120. Z-150. ;

Incremental command
G00 U40. W-100. ;
Z Mixed command
G00 U40. Z-150. ;
G00 X120. W-100. ;

NOTE :
Dimensions of the X axis can be
set in diameter or in radius value.
It can be change by parameter.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G CODE ( PREPERATORY FUNCTION )

◈ G codes are divided into the following two types.

1)
1) One
One Shot
Shot GG Code
Code

:: The
The GG code
code is
is effective
effective only
only in
in the
the block
block in
in which
which itit is
is specified.
specified.

2)
2) Modal
Modal GG Code
Code

:: The
The GG code
code is
is effective
effective until
until another
another GG code
code of
of the
the same
same group
group
is
is specified.
specified.
(example)
(example)

G01 X 50. F0.2 ;

Z 50. ; G01
G01 is
is effective
effective in
in this
this range.
range.
X 70. ;
Z 70. ;

G00 X-15. Z-15. ;

 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G CODE ( PREPERATORY FUNCTION )

◈ EXPLANATION

1.
1. GG code
code marked
marked with
in
with
in Table
Table are
are effective
effective when
when the
the power
power is
is turn
turn
on.
on.
GG 20,
20, GG 21
21 :: becomes
becomes condition
condition before
before power-off
power-off
GG 00,
00, GG 01
01 :: Parameter
Parameter setting
setting

2.
2. GG codes
codes of
of group
group 00
00 are
are One
One Shot
Shot GG Codes.
Codes.

3.
3. P/s
P/s alarm
alarm is
is displayed
displayed when
when aa GG code
code not
not listed
listed in
in the
the GG code
code list
list is
is
specified
specified or
or aa GG code
code without
without aa corresponding
corresponding option
option isis specified.
specified.

4.
4. GG codes
codes of
of different
different groups
groups can
can be
be specified
specified inin the
the same
same block
block ..
IfIf GG codes
codes of
of the
the same
same group
group are
are specified
specified in
in the
the same
same block,
block, the
the GG
code
code specified
specified last
last is
is valid.
valid.

5.
5. IfIf aa GG code
code of
of group
group 01
01 is
is specified
specified in
in aa canned
canned cycle,
cycle, the
the canned
canned cycle
cycle
is
is canceled
canceled inin the
the same
same way
way as
as when
when aa G80
G80 command
command is is specified.
specified.
GG code
code ofof group
group 01
01 are
are not
not affected
affected by
by GG codes
codes for
for specifying
specifying aa
canned
canned cycle.
cycle.

GG codes
codes are
are displayed
displayed for
for each
each group
group number.
number.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G CODE LIST

◈G codes are divided into the following two types.

G-CODE G Code Group Function Remark

G 00 Positioning (Rapid traverse) When power on

G 01
Linear interpolation (Cutting feed) When power on

01
G 02 Circular interpolation CW

G 03 Circular Interpolation CCW

G 04 00 Dwell One shot

G 20 Input in inch
06
G 21 Input in mm

G 27 Reference position return Check One shot

G 28 00 Return to reference position One shot

G 29 Return from reference position One shot

G 32 01 Thread cutting

G 40
07 Tool nose radius compensation Cancel

 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G CODE LIST

◈G codes are divided into the following two types.

G-CODE G Code Group Function Remark

G 41 Tool nose radius compensation left
07
G 42 Tool nose radius compensation right

G 50 Coordinate system setting or max. spindle speed setting

G 70 Finishing cycle

G 71 Stock removal in turning

G 72 Stock removal in facing

00
G 73 Pattern repeating

G 74 End face peck drilling

G 75 Outer diameter/internal diameter drilling

G 76 Multiple threading cycle

G 90 Outer diameter/internal diameter cutting cycle

G 92 01 Thread cutting cycle

G 94 Endface turning cycle

 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G CODE LIST

◈ G codes are divided into the following two types.

G-CODE G Code Group Function

G 96 Constant surface speed control

02
G 97 Constant surface speed control cancel

G 98 Per minute feed

05
G 99 Per rotation feed
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

M CODE ( AUXILIARY FUNCTION )

M-CODE ▶It is function to assist the operation of the machine.

☞ M CODE LIST

CODE FUNCTION CODE FUNCTION

M00 PROGRAM
PROGRAM STOP
STOP M22 AUTO
AUTO DOOR
DOOR OPEN
OPEN
M01 OPTIONAL
OPTIONAL STOP
STOP M23 AUTO
AUTO DOOR
DOOR CLOSE
CLOSE
M02 END
END OF
OF PROGRAM
PROGRAM M30 END
END OF
OF PROGRAM&RESET
PROGRAM&RESET
M03 SPINDLE
SPINDLE CW
CW M34 AIR
AIR BLOW
BLOW ON
ON
M04 SPINDLE
SPINDLE CCW
CCW M35 AIR
AIR BLOW
BLOW OFF
OFF
M05 SPINDLE
SPINDLE STOP
STOP M41 LOW
LOW GEAR
GEAR
M06 TAIL
TAIL STOCK
STOCK FORWARD
FORWARD M42 HIGH
HIGH GEAR
GEAR
M07 TAIL
TAIL STOCK
STOCK REVERSE
REVERSE M68 CHUCK
CHUCK CLOSE
CLOSE
M08 COOLANT
COOLANT ONON M69 CHUCK
CHUCK OPEN
OPEN
M09 COOLANT
COOLANT OFF
OFF M70 SPINDLE
SPINDLE ORIENTATION
ORIENTATION ON
ON
M10 M03
M03 ++ M08
M08 M76 SPINDLE
SPINDLE ORIENTATION
ORIENTATION OFF
OFF
M11 M04
M04 ++ M08
M08 M98 SUB
SUB PROGRAM
PROGRAM CALL
CALL
M12 M05
M05 ++ M09
M09 M99 SUB
SUB PROGRAM
PROGRAM END
END
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

S CODE ( SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION )

▶The spindle speed can be controlled by specifying a value
following address S.

☞The
☞The spindle
spindle speed
speed can
can be
be specified
specified directly
directly by
by address
address SS followed
followed by
by aa
four-digit
four-digit value
value (RPM)
(RPM)

☞
☞ The
The meaning
meaning of
of SS code
code differ
differ from
from what
what kind
kind of
of GG code
code set
set before
before
the
the SS code
code
◈
◈ Clamp
Clamp of of maximum
maximum spindle
spindle speed
speed
•
G50
G50 SS __ __ __ __ SS :: The
The maximum
maximum spindle
spindle speed
speed (( RPM
RPM :: rev/min)
rev/min)

◈
◈ Constant
Constant surface
surface speed
speed control
control command
command
G96
G96 SS __ __ __ __ SS :: Surface
Surface speed
speed (( m/min
m/min ))

◈
◈ Constant
Constant surface
surface speed
speed control
control cancel
cancel command
command

G97
G97 SS __ __ __ __ SS :: Spindle
Spindle speed
speed (( RPM
RPM :: rev/min)
rev/min)
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

T CODE ( TOOL FUNCTION )

▶ First two digits after address T mean tool number and last two
digits mean tool offset number.

TT ■
■■■ ◆
◆◆◆

■
■ Tool
Tool selection
selection ◆
◆ Tool
Tool offset
offset number
number

88 (1~
(1~ 8)
8) ST
ST (1
(1 ~~ 16)
16)
10
10 (1~10)
(1~10) OP
OP (1
(1 ~
~ 32)
32)
12
12 (1~12)
(1~12)

Tool
Tool offset
offset cancel
cancel :: TT □□
□□ 00
00

☞To
☞To call
call next
next tool
tool and
and offset,
offset, itit is
is good
good to
to cancel
cancel the
the T-code
T-code
which
which itit was
was used.
used.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

F CODE ( FEED FUNCTION )

•• The
The feed
feed functions
functions control
control the
the feedrate
feedrate of
of the
the tool
tool

•• FF code
code is
is modal
modal code.
code.
The
The FF code
code which
which has
has become
become once
once command
command is
is effective
effective until
until
meeting
meeting different
different FF code.
code.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G00 : POSITIONING

G FUNCTION ◈The G00 command moves a tool to the position in the work system
specified with an absolute or incremental command at a rapid traverse rate.
GOO ☞ For an absolute command, the coordinates of an end position.
GO1 G00
G00XX(____.___)
(____.___)ZZ(____.___)
(____.___) (coordinate of position which will move)

GO2, GO3 ☞ For an incremental command, the distance the tool moves.
G00
G00UU(____.___)
(____.___)W(____.___)
W (____.___) (coordinate of position which will move)
G04
G10 ◈ The rapid traverse rate in the G00 command is set to the parameter
parameter No.1420
for each axis independently by the machine tool builder.
G20, G21
※ When use the cutting, we have the danger to collide because of fast feedrate
G27 so we use G00 when move the tool in the uncutting region.
G28
G29
◈ Tool path (PARAMETER NO : 1401 #1)
G30 Nonlinear interpolation positioning : The tool is positioned with the rapid traverse
G32 rate for each axis separately. The tool path is not straight.
G34 Start position
Linear
G40,G41,G42
G50 End position Non linear
Linear interpolation positioning : The tool is positioned within the shortest possible
Time at a speed that is not more than the rapid traverse rate for each axis.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G01 : LINEAR INTERPOLATION

G-CODE
◈A tool move along a line to the specified position at the
feedrate specified in F.
GOO G01 X (U) ___.__ Z (W) ___.__ F ___;
GO1
GO2, GO3
XX (U)
(U) __
__ ZZ (W)
(W) __
__ :: The
The coordinates
coordinates of
of an
an end
end point
point
G04
G10
G20, G21 FF __
__ :: Speed
Speed of
of tool
tool feed
feed [mm/rev)
[mm/rev)
G27
G28
G29
G30 ※
※ IfIf the
the FF code
code is
is not
not commanded,
commanded, the
the feedrate
feedrate is
is regarded
regarded as
as zero.
zero.
G32 ※
※ The
The feedrate
feedrate specified
specified in
in FF is
is effective
effective until
until aa new
new value
value is
is specified.
specified.
G34
G40,G41,G42
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G01 : LINEAR INTERPOLATION

◈ A tool move along a line to the specified position at the
G-CODE
feedrate specified in F.
GOO
GO1 Example program
GO2, GO3
☞
☞ ABSOLUTE
ABSOLUTE COMMAND
COMMAND
G04
G10 path : P1 → P2 → P3
X G01 X 30. Z-50. F0.2 ; (P1P2)
G20, G21
G01 X 50. Z-50. F0.2 ; (P2P3)
G27 P4
P4 P3
P3 G01 X 50. Z-70. F0.2 ; (P3P4)
G28 P1
G29
P2

￠30
￠50

G30
☞
☞ INCREMENTAL
INCREMENTAL COMMAND
COMMAND
G32
G34 Z G01 U 0.0 W-50. F0.2 ; (P1P2)
50
G40,G41,G42 G01 U 20. W-0.0 F0.2 ; (P2P3)
70 G01 U 0.0 W-20. F0.2 ; (P3P4)
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G02 / G03 : CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION

G-CODE ◈ The command below will move a tool along a circular arc.
GOO
GO1 G02
G02 (G03)
(G03) X(U)
X(U) __._
__._ Z(W)
Z(W) __._
__._ II __._
__._ KK __._
__._ FF __
__ ;; or
or
GO2, GO3 G02
G02 (G03)
(G03) X(U)
X(U) __._
__._ Z(W)
Z(W) __._
__._ RR __._
__._ FF __
__ ;;
G04
G10
G20, G21 ☞
☞ G02
G02 :: Circular
Circular Interpolation
Interpolation (( CW
CW ))
G27 ☞
☞ G03
G03 :: Circular
Circular Interpolation
Interpolation (( CCW
CCW ))
G28
☞
☞ XX ,, ZZ :: End
End point
point
G29
G30 ☞
☞ UU ,, W
W :: Distance
Distance from
from the
the start
start point
point to
to the
the end
end point
point
G32 ☞
☞ II ,, KK :: Distance
Distance from
from the
the start
start point
point to
to the
the center
center of
of an
an arc
arc with
with sign
sign
G34
(( radius
radius value
value ))
G40,G41,G42
☞
☞ RR :: Arc
Arc radius
radius
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G02 / G03 : CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION

G-CODE ◈ The command below will move a tool along a circular arc.
GOO
GO1 path
path P1
P1 →
→ P2
P2
GO2, GO3
Absolute
Absolute command
command
G04
P2
G10 R50
G02
G02 X100.
X100. Z-30.
Z-30. II 50.
50. K0.
K0. F0.2
F0.2 ;;
G20, G21
P1 G02
G02 X100.
X100. Z-30.
Z-30. R50.
R50. F02
F02 ;;
G27 Ø100 Ø80
G28
Incremental
Incremental command
command
G29
G30
G32 90 30 G02
G02 U20.
U20. W-30.
W-30. II 50.
50. K0.
K0. F0.2
F0.2 ;;
G34
G02
G02 U20.
U20. W-30.
W-30. R50.
R50. F0.2
F0.2 ;;
G40,G41,G42
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G04 : DWELL

G-CODE
◈By specifying a dwell, the execution of the next block is
delayed by the specified time.
GOO
GO1
FORMAT
FORMAT
GO2, GO3
G04
G04 X__
X__ ;;
G04
G04
G04 U__
U__ ;;
G10
G20, G21 G04
G04 P__
P__ ;;

G27 Example)
Example) 10sec
10sec dwell
dwell
G28
G04
G04 X10.
X10. or
or U10.
U10.
G29
G30 G04
G04 P10000
P10000
G32 (( The
The PP can
can not
not use
use decimal
decimal point
point ))
G34
X,
X, P:
P: dwell
dwell time
time (SEC)
(SEC)
G40,G41,G42
** when
when doing
doing grooving
grooving apply
apply
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G10 : Changing of Tool Offset Value

G-CODE ◈ Programmable Data Input

GOO
GO1 G10
G10 L1
L1 P1
P1 X(U)__.
X(U)__. __ Z(W)__.
Z(W)__. __ R(C)__.
R(C)__. __ Q__.
Q__. _;
_;

GO2, GO3
G04 L1
L1 :: OFFSET
OFFSET AUTO
AUTO SETTING
SETTING (( Omission
Omission possibility
possibility ))
G10 P1
P1 :: OFFSET
OFFSET number
number
G20, G21 XX :: OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE ON
ON XX AXIS
AXIS (( ABSOLUTE
ABSOLUTE ))
G27 ZZ :: OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE ON
ON ZZ AXIS
AXIS (( ABSOLUTE
ABSOLUTE ))
G28
UU :: OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE ON
ON XX AXIS
AXIS (( INCREMENTAL
INCREMENTAL ))
G29
G30 W
W :: OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE ON
ON ZZ AXIS
AXIS (( INCREMENTAL
INCREMENTAL ))
G32 RR :: TOOL
TOOL NOSE
NOSE RADIUS
RADIUS OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE (( ABSOLUTE
ABSOLUTE ))
G34 CC :: TOOL
TOOL NOSE
NOSE RADIUS
RADIUS OFFSET
OFFSET VALUE
VALUE (( INCREMENTAL
INCREMENTAL ))
G40,G41,G42 QQ :: IMAGINARY
IMAGINARY TOOL
TOOL NOSE
NOSE NUMBER
NUMBER
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G20 : INCH / G21 : METRIC

G-CODE ◈ Either inch or metric input can be selected by G code.
GOO
GO1
GO2, GO3
• G20 : inch input
• G21 : mm input
G04
G10
G20, G21
NOTE) inch/metric conversion enable from parameter
G27
G28
This G code must be specified in an independent block
G29
before setting the coordinate system at the beginning
G30
of the program.
G32
G34
G40,G41,G42
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G28 : MACHINE ZERO RETURN

G-CODE ◈ MACHINE ZERO RETURN FUNCTION

GOO
•• G28
G28 :: The
The function
function which
which zero
zero return
return with
with aa machine
machine zero
zero return
return
GO1
command
command
GO2, GO3
G04
G10
G28
G28 U0.
U0. W0.
W0. ;; or
or G28
G28 X100.
X100. Z100.;
Z100.;
G20, G21
G27
G28
G29 ** G28
G28 U0.
U0. W0.;
W0.;
G30 The
The function
function which
which return
return to
to the
the machine
machine zero
zero point
point
G32
•• G28
G28 X100.
X100. Z100.;
Z100.;
G34
The
The function
function which
which passes
passes through
through point
point X100.
X100. Z100.
Z100. and
and than
than
G40,G41,G42
return
return to
to machine
machine zero
zero point.
point.
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G30 : SECOND REFERENCE POSITION RETURN

G-CODE
▶ It can setting of coordinate system by using second reference
position function.
GOO
1.
1. Setting
Setting parameter
parameter at
at the
the tool
tool start
start point
point (a,
(a, b)
b) coordinate
coordinate data.
data.
GO1
a,
a, bb is
is distance
distance from
from machine
machine zero
zero point
point to
to start
start point.
point.
GO2, GO3
1.
1. When
When meet
meet second
second reference
reference position
position return
return command
command the
the tool
tool
G04 move
move to
to the
the second
second reference
reference position.
position.
G10 2.
2. Tool
Tool change
change isis possible
possible at
at the
the second
second reference
reference position.
position.
G20, G21
G27
G28
FANUC SYSTEM
G29
G30 18 , 16 , 18 - i , 0 - I series
START POINT PARAMETER : # 1241 (RE 2 POINT)
G32 a
G34 b # 1242 (RE 3 POINT)

G40,G41,G42 MITSUBISHI SYSTEM

G50 MELDAS 60 , 60S series
PARAMETER : # 2038 (RE 2 POINT)
# 2039 (RE 3 POINT)
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G32 : CONSTANT LEAD THREADING

G-CODE ▶ CONSTANT LEAD THREADING (G32)

GOO
•• Do
Do not
not use
use the
the constant
constant surface
surface speed
speed control
control during
during thread
thread cutting.
cutting.
GO1
Instead,
Instead, use
use G97.
G97.
GO2, GO3 •• Feederate
Feederate override
override and and spindle
spindle speed
speed override
override function
function are
are disabled
disabled
G04 thread
thread cutting.
cutting. IfIf the
the feed
feed hold
hold button
button is
is pressed
pressed during
during thread
thread cutting,
cutting,
the
the tool
tool will
will stop
stop after
after end
end of
of one
one cycle.
cycle.
G10
G20, G21 G32
G32 XX (U)
(U) __
__ ZZ (W)
(W) __
__ F__
F__ ;; FF –– Lead
Lead
G32
G32 XX (U)
(U) __
__ ZZ (W)
(W) __
__ EE __
__ ;; EE –– Pitch
Pitch (mm)
(mm)
G27
G28
G29 G00 Z29.4 ; (1st threading)
G30 X G32 Z-23. F0.2 ;
M30 P2
G32 G00 X32.;
G34 Z4. ;
X29. ; (2nd threading)
G40,G41,G42 G32 Z-23. F0.2 ;
Z G00 X32. ;
G50
20 Z4. ;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G34 : VARIABLE LEAD THREAD CUTTING

G-CODE
◈Thread an increment or a decrement value for a lead
per screw revolution
GOO
☞
☞ Specifying
Specifying an
an increment
increment or
or aa decrement
decrement value
value for
for aa lead
lead per
per screw
screw revolution
revolution
revolution
GO1
Warning)
Warning) G34
G34 code
code can
can use
use when
when constant
constant lead
lead increment
increment or
or decrement
decrement
GO2, GO3
G34
G34 Z__._
Z__._ F__._
F__._ K__._
K__._ ;;
G04
G10 ☞ Z : End point
G20, G21 ☞ F : Lead in longitudinal axis direction at the start point
G27 ☞ K : Increment and decrement of lead per spindle revolution
G28 G00
G00 X35.Z10.
X35.Z10. ;;
EXAMPLE PROGRAM
G29 G00
G00 X33.3
X33.3 ;;
G30 G34
G34 Z-26.
Z-26. F9.0
F9.0 K-0.5
K-0.5 ;;
G32 8.0 8.5 9.0 G00
G00 X35.
X35. ;;
G34 G00
G00 Z10.
Z10. ;;
G00
G00 X32.5
X32.5 ;;
G40,G41,G42
G34
G34 Z-26.
Z-26. F9.0
F9.0 K-0.5
K-0.5 ;;
G50 G00
G00 X35.
X35. ;;
M34
G00
G00 Z10.
Z10. ;;
G00
G00 X100.Z100.
X100.Z100. ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G40 / G41 / G42 : TOOL NOSE RADIUS COMPENSATION

G-CODE ▣ TOOL COMPENSATION

GOO
▶It
▶It is
is difficult
difficult to
to produce
produce the
the compensation
compensation necessary
necessary to
to form
form
GO1
accurate
accurate parts
parts when
when using
using only
only the
the tool
tool offset
offset function
function due
due to
to
GO2, GO3
tool
tool nose
nose roundness
roundness in
in taper
taper cutting
cutting or
or circular
circular cutting.
cutting.
G04
G10
G20, G21
G27
G28 Program path
G29 error
Real tool path Radius
G30 vector
G32 Program reference point
G34
G40,G41,G42 ▶The
▶The imaginary
imaginary tool
tool nose
nose is
is required
required because
because itit is
is usually
usually more
more
G50 difficult
difficult to
to set
set the
the actual
actual tool
tool nose
nose radius
radius center
center to to the
the start
start
position
position than
than the
the imaginary
imaginary tool
tool nose.
nose.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G40 / G41 / G42 : TOOL NOSE RADIUS COMPENSATION

G-CODE ▣ TOOL COMPENSATION

GOO ▶
▶ In
In tool
tool nose
nose radius
radius compensation,
compensation, thethe position
position of
of the
the workpiece
workpiece with
with
GO1 respect
respect toto the
the tool
tool must
must be
be specified.
specified.
GO2, GO3 ▶
▶ For
For tool
tool length
length compensation
compensation itit should
should bebe measured
measured using
using tool’s
tool’s
reference
reference point.
point. And
And for
for tool
tool nose
nose radius
radius compensation
compensation itit is
is need
need
G04 that
that tool
tool nose
nose radius
radius and
and imaginary
imaginary tool
tool nose
nose number.
number.
G10
G20, G21
G42
G27
G28
G29
G41
G30 WORK
G32
G34
G code Work position Tool path
G40,G41,G42
G40 CANCEL Moving along the programmed path
G50
G41 Right side Moving on the left side the programmed path
G42 Left side Moving on the right side the programmed path
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G40 / G41 / G42 : TOOL NOSE RADIUS COMPENSATION

G-CODE

GOO
GO1 ▶
▶ OFFSET
OFFSET CANCLE
CANCLE
GO2, GO3 •• The
The block
block in
in which
which the
the mode
mode changes
changes to
to G40
G40 from
from G41
G41 or
or G42
G42 is
is
G04 called
called the
the offset
offset cancel
cancel block.
block.
G10 The
•• The tool
tool nose
nose center
center moves
moves to
to aa position
position vertical
vertical to
to the
the programmed
programmed
G20, G21
path
path in
in the
the block
block before
before the
the cancel
cancel block.
block. The
The tool
tool is
is positioned
positioned at
at the
the
G27
end
end position
position in
in the
the offset
offset cancel
cancel block
block (G40).
(G40).
G28
G29
G30
G32
G34
G40,G41,G42
G50
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G40 / G41 / G42 : TOOL NOSE RADIUS COMPENSATION

G-코드 ◈ Imaginary tool nose number

GOO Tool
Tool imaginary
imaginary Imaginary
Imaginary tool
tool Tool
Tool imaginary
imaginary Imaginary
Imaginary tool
tool
point
point nose
nose number
number point
point nose
nose number
number
GO1
GO2, GO3
G04
11 22
G10
G20, G21
G27
G28 33 44
G29
G30
G32
G34 66 77
G40,G41,G42 8
Imaginary 4 3
G50 Imaginary
tool
tool nose
nose 7
88 Number
Number
1 2
6
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G50 : COORDINATE SYSTEM & CLAMP OF MAXIMUM SPINDLE SPEED

G-CODE ◈ ABSOLUTE COORDINATE ( program zero point )

GOO program
program zero
zero point
point
GO1
GO2, GO3 Point
Point on
on aa work
work that
that is
is chosen
chosen by by free
free choice.
choice. Generally
Generally zero
zero point
point of
of
the
the absolute
absolute coordinate
coordinate is is aa point
point that
that meet
meet center
center line
line of
of aa work
work and
and
G04 opposite
opposite side
side surface
surface ofof clamped
clamped side
side of
of work.
work.
G10
G20, G21
X+ Z- region X+direction
G27 X+ Z+ region
G28
G29
G30
G32 Z-direction Z+direction
G34
G40,G41,G42
PROGRAM zero point(
point X0. Z0. )
G50
X-direction
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G50 : COORDINATE SYSTEM & CLAMP OF MAXIMUM SPINDLE SPEED

G-CODE ◈ COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING

GOO G50
G50 COORDINATE
COORDINATE SYSTEM
SYSTEM SETTING
SETTING
GO1
Method
Method of
of setting
setting aa coordinate
coordinate that
that indicates
indicates the
the distance
distance between
between
GO2, GO3
zero
zero point
point of
of work
work and
and zero
zero point
point of
of aa machine
machine toto NC
NC by
by G50
G50 is
is like
like below.
below.
G04
G10 100
G20, G21 ☞ Example

G27
Machine
G50
G50 X300.
X300. Z100.
Z100.
G28 zero
G29 φ300 point
G30
G32
G34
G40,G41,G42 G50
G50 CLAMP
CLAMP OF
OF MAXIMUM
MAXIMUM SPINDLE
SPINDLE SPEED
SPEED G50
G50 S2000
S2000

G50 Function
Function that
that control
control the
the maximum
maximum rpmrpm of
of spindle
spindle by
by program.
program.
Note
Note :: When
When aa spindle
spindle is
is rotating
rotating by
by G96,
G96, the
the maximum
maximum rpmrpm should
should be
be
set
set by
by G50.
G50.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G71 : STOCK REMOVAL IN TURNING

G-CODE ▶ STOCK REMOVAL IN TURNING (G71)

G71 ▣
▣ MULTIPLE
MULTIPLE REPETITIVE
REPETITIVE CYCLE
CYCLE (G70
(G70 ~
~ G76)
G76)
G70
▶ This
▶ This option
option canned
canned cycles
cycles to
to make
make CNC
CNC programming
programming easy.
easy.
G72
G73 ▣
▣ STOCK
STOCK REMOVAL
REMOVAL IN
IN TURNING
TURNING (G71)
(G71)
G74 START POINT
TOOL PATH
G75 45°
B A C
(F) Δd
G76 e (F)
G90
G92
G94 Work shape A' Δu/2
G96 / G97 Δw

G98 / G99
G71
G71 U(Δd)
U(Δd) R(e)
R(e) ;;
G71
G71 P(ns)
P(ns) Q(nf)
Q(nf) U(Δu)
U(Δu) W(Δw)
W(Δw) F(f)
F(f) S(s)
S(s) ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G71 : STOCK REMOVAL IN TURNINGS

G-CODE ▶ STOCK REMOVAL IN TURNING (G71)

G71
G71
G71 U(Δd)
U(Δd) R(e)
R(e) ;;
G70
G71
G71 P(ns)
P(ns) Q(nf)
Q(nf) U(Δu)
U(Δu) W(Δw)
W(Δw) F(f)
F(f) S(s)
S(s) ;;
G72
G73
UU :: Depth
Depth of
of cut
cut (( radius
radius designation
designation ))
G74 RR :: Escaping
Escaping amount
amount (( radius
radius designation
designation ))
G75 PP :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the first
first block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
QQ :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the last
last block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
G76
UU :: Distance
Distance and
and direction
direction of
of finishing
finishing allowance
allowance in
in XX direction
direction
G90 (( diameter
diameter designation
designation ))
G92 W
W :: Distance
Distance and
and direction
direction of
of finishing
finishing allowance
allowance in
in ZZ direction
direction

G94
NOTE
NOTE :: IfIf finished
finished shape
shape of
of AA to
to A’
A’ to
to BB is
is given
given by
by aa program
program as
as in
in the
the
G96 / G97
figure,
figure, the
the specified
specified area
area is
is removed
removed by
by Δd
Δd (depth
(depth of
of cut),
cut), with
with finishing
finishing
G98 / G99
allowance
allowance Δu/2
Δu/2 and
and Δw
Δw left.
left.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G70 : FINISHING CYCLE

G-CODE ▶ FINISHING CYCLE (G70)

G71 G70 P (ns) Q (nf) ;

G70
PP :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the first
first block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of
G72
finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
G73
QQ :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the first
first block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of
G74 finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
G75
1.
1. After
After rough
rough cutting
cutting by
by G71,G72
G71,G72 or
or G73,
G73, the
the following
following command
command permits
permits
G76
finishing.
finishing.
G90
2.
2. F,S,
F,S, and
and TT functions
functions specified
specified in
in the
the block
block G71,
G71, G72,
G72, G73
G73 are
are not
not
G92
effective
effective but
but those
those specified
specified between
between sequence
sequence numbers
numbers “ns”
“ns”
G94 and “nf” are
and “nf” are effective
effective in
in G70.
G70.
G96 / G97 3.
3. In
In blocks
blocks between “ns” and
between “ns” “nf” referred
and “nf” referred in
in G70
G70 through
through G73,
G73, the
the
G98 / G99 subprogram
subprogram cannot
cannot be
be called.
called.
4.
4. When
When the
the cycle
cycle machining
machining by
by G70
G70 is
is terminated,
terminated, the
the tool
tool is
is returned
returned
to
to the
the start
start point
point and
and the
the next
next block
block is
is read.
read.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G72 : STOCK REMOVAL IN FACING

G-CODE ▶ STOCK REMOVAL IN FACING (G72)

G71 ☞
☞ STOCK
STOCK REMOVAL
REMOVAL IN
IN FACING
FACING (G72)
(G72)
G70
G72
G72 W(Δd)
W(Δd) R(e)
R(e) ;;
G72
G72
G72 P(ns)
P(ns) Q(nf)
Q(nf) U(Δu)
U(Δu) W(Δw)
W(Δw) F(f)
F(f) S(s)
S(s) ;;
G73
G74 ▶This
▶This cycle
cycle is
is the
the same
same as as G71
G71 except
except that
that cutting
cutting is
is made
made by
by
operation
operation parallel
parallel to
to XX axis.
axis.
G75
G76 Δd

G90 A'
C
START POINT
A
G92
TOOL
G94 PATH

G96 / G97 e
G98 / G99 45°

Work shape
Δu/2
B
Δw
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G73 : PATTERN REPEATING

By this cutting cycle, it is possible to efficiently cut work whose rough shape has
G-CODE already been made by a rough machining, forging or casting method, etc.

G71 ☞
☞ PATTERN
PATTERN REPEATING
REPEATING (G73)
(G73)
G70
Δk+Δw
G72 Δw
START POINT D
G73 C
Δi+Δu/2
Δu/2
G74
A
G75 B

G76
G90 Δu/2
G92 A'
Δw
G94
G96 / G97
G98 / G99
G73
G73 U(Δi)
U(Δi) W(Δk)
W(Δk) R(Δd)
R(Δd) ;;
G73
G73 P(ns)
P(ns) Q(nf)
Q(nf) U(Δu)
U(Δu) W(Δw)
W(Δw) F(f)
F(f) S(s)
S(s) ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G73 : PATTERN REPEATING

G-CODE ▶ PATTERN REPEATING (G73)

G71
G70 G73
G73 U(Δi)
U(Δi) W(Δk)
W(Δk) R(Δd)
R(Δd) ;;
G72 G73
G73 P(ns)
P(ns) Q(nf)
Q(nf) U(Δu)
U(Δu) W(Δw)
W(Δw) F(f)
F(f) S(s)
S(s) ;;

G73
G74
UU :: Distance
Distance and
and direction
direction of
of relief
relief in
in the
the XX axis
axis direction
direction
G75 (Radius
(Radius designation)
designation)
G76 W
W :: Distance
Distance and
and direction
direction of
of relief
relief in
in the
the ZZ axis
axis direction
direction
G90 RR :: The
The number
number of
of division
division
G92 PP :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the first
first block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
QQ :: Sequence
Sequence number
number of
of the
the last
last block
block for
for the
the program
program of
of finishing
finishing shape.
shape.
G94
UU :: Distance
Distance and
and direction
direction ofof finishing
finishing allowance
allowance inin XX direction
direction
G96 / G97 (( diameter
diameter designation
designation ))
G98 / G99 W :: Distance
W Distance and
and direction
direction ofof finishing
finishing allowance
allowance in
in ZZ direction
direction
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G74 : END FACE PECK DRILLING CYCLE

G-CODE ▶ END FACE PECK DRILLING CYCLE (G74)

G71
G74
G74 R(e)__;
R(e)__;
G70
G74
G74 X(u)__Z(w)__P(Δi)__Q(Δk)__R(Δd)__F(f)__;
X(u)__Z(w)__P(Δi)__Q(Δk)__R(Δd)__F(f)__;
G72
G73
G74
RR :: Return
Return amount
amount
G75
XX :: XX component
component
G76 ZZ :: ZZ component
component
G90 PP :: Movement
Movement amount
amount in in XX direction
direction (without
(without sign)
sign)
G92 QQ :: Depth
Depth of
of cut
cut in
in ZZ direction
direction (without
(without sign)
sign)
R(Δd)
R(Δd) :: Relief
Relief amount
amount of of the
the tool
tool atat the
the cutting
cutting bottom.
bottom.
G94
FF :: Feedrate
Feedrate
G96 / G97
G98 / G99 NOTE : If drilling at the center of face should omit X___ and R(Δi).
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G75 : Outer Diameter/Internal Diameter Drilling Cycle

G-CODE ▶Outer/Internal Diameter Drilling Cycle Direction X axis (G 75)

G71
G75
G75 R(e)
R(e) ;;
G70
G75
G75 X(u)
X(u) Z(w)
Z(w) P(Δi)
P(Δi) Q(Δk)
Q(Δk) R(Δd)
R(Δd) F(f)
F(f) ;;
G72
G73
G74
RR :: Return
Return amount
amount
G75
XX :: XX component
component
G76 ZZ :: ZZ component
component
G90 PP :: Movement
Movement amount
amount in in XX direction
direction (without
(without sign)
sign)
G92 QQ :: Depth
Depth of
of cut
cut in
in ZZ direction
direction (without
(without sign)
sign)
R(Δd)
R(Δd) :: Relief
Relief amount
amount of of the
the tool
tool atat the
the cutting
cutting bottom.
bottom.
G94
FF :: Feedrate
Feedrate
G96 / G97
G98 / G99
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G76 : Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle

G-CODE ▶ Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle (G76)

G71 G76
G76 P(m)
P(m) (r)
(r) (a)
(a) Q(Δmin)
Q(Δmin) R(d)
R(d) ;;
G70 G76
G76 X(u)
X(u) Z(w)
Z(w) R(i)
R(i) P(k)
P(k) Q(Δd)
Q(Δd) F(l)
F(l) ;;
G72 mm :: Repetitive
Repetitive count
count in
in finishing
finishing (( 11 ~99
~99 ))
G73 rr :: Chamfering
Chamfering amount
amount
aa :: Angle
Angle of
of tool
tool tip
tip
G74
QQ :: Minimum
Minimum cutting
cutting depth
depth (specified
(specified by
by the
the radius
radius value)
value)
G75 RR :: Finishing
Finishing allowance
allowance
G76 PP :: Height
Height of
of thread
thread
QQ :: Depth
Depth of
of cut
cut in
in 11stst cut
cut (( radius
radius value
value ))
G90
FF :: Lead
Lead of
of thread
thread
G92
G94
G96 / G97 Example ) Thread cutting cycle (G76)

G98 / G99
G00 X22. Z76. ;

G76 P011060 Q100 R200 ;

G76 X18.2 Z34. R0.1 P1200 Q600 F2.0 ;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G90 : Outer Diameter/Internal Diameter Cutting Cycle

G-CODE ▶ Outer Diameter/Internal Diameter Cutting Cycle (G90)

G71 1. Straight cutting cycle

G70
G90
G90 X(U)___Z(W)___F___
X(U)___Z(W)___F___ ;;
G72
G73 ▶In
▶In single
single block
block mode,
mode, operations
operations 1,2,3,
1,2,3,
X Z W and
and 4 are performed by pressing the cycle
4 are performed by pressing the cycle
G74 4(R) start
start button
button once.
once.
3(F) 1(R) U/
G75 2(F) 2
▶In
▶In incremental
incremental programming,
programming, the
the sign
sign of
of
the
the numbers following adress U and W
numbers following adress U and W
G76 X/2 depends
depends onon the
the direction
direction of
of paths
paths 11 and
and 2.
2.

Z NOTE
NOTE ::
G90
RR :: Rapid
Rapid traverse
traverse ,, FF :: Specified
Specified by
by FF code
code
G92
G94
Example
Example )) G90
G90 X40.
X40. Z-50.
Z-50. F0.25
F0.25 ;;
G96 / G97
X35.
X35. ;;
G98 / G99
X30.
X30. ;;

X25.
X25. ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G90 : Outer Diameter/Internal Diameter Cutting Cycle

G-CODE ▶ Outer Diameter/Internal Diameter Cutting Cycle (G90)

G71
2. Taper cutting cycle
G70
G72 G90
G90 X(U)___Z(W)___R___F___
X(U)___Z(W)___R___F___ ;;
G73
G74 X
NOTE
NOTE
G75
4(R) RR :: Rapid
Rapid traverse
traverse
G76 U/2 3(F) 2(F) 1(R) FF :: Specified
Specified by
by FF code
code
G90 R
X/2
G92 Z
Z W
G94
G96 / G97
G98 / G99
▶
▶command
command taper
taper value
value RR and
and cutting
cutting method
method is
is same
same as
as straight
straight cycle.
cycle.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G92 : Thread Cutting Cycle

G-CODE 1. Straight thread cutting cycle

G71
G92
G92 X(U)___Z(W)___F___
X(U)___Z(W)___F___ ;; (( FF :: Lead
Lead is
is specified
specified ))
G70
G72
G73
G74 Z W
4(R) 45°
G75 3(R)
U/2
1(R)
G76 2(F,E) r
X/2
G90
Detailed chamfered
G92 L
thread

G94
G96 / G97 NOTE
NOTE :: The
The range
range of
of thread
thread leads,
leads, limitation
limitation of
of spindle
spindle speed,
speed, etc.
etc. are
are the
the
same
same as as in
in G32
G32 (thread
(thread cutting).
cutting). Thread
Thread chamfering
chamfering can
can be
be performed
performed inin this
this
G98 / G99
thread
thread cutting
cutting cycle.
cycle.
The
The chamfering
chamfering distance
distance is
is specified
specified in
in aa range
range from
from 0.1L
0.1L to
to 12.7L
12.7L in
in 0.1L
0.1L
increments
increments by
by parameter.
parameter.
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G92 : Thread Cutting Cycle

G-CODE 2. Taper thread cutting cycle

G71 Z W
G92
G92 X(U)___Z(W)___R___F___
X(U)___Z(W)___R___F___ ;;
G70 4(R
)
U/2 3(R
G72 1(R
)
2(F,E )
45° Example)
Example)
G73 R ) thread
thread cutting
cutting cycle(G92)
cycle
cycle(G92)
X/2
G74
G00
G00 X24.
X24. Z62.
Z62. T0404
T0404 ;;
G75 L G92
G92 X19.3
X19.3 Z28.
Z28. F2.
F2. ;;
G76 X18.8
X18.8 ;;
X18.42
X18.42 ;;
G90
X18.18
X18.18 ;;
G92 X17.98
X17.98 ;;
G94 X17.82
X17.82 ;;
X17.72
X17.72 ;;
G96 / G97
X17.62
X17.62 ;;
G98 / G99 G00
G00 X150.
X150. Z150.
Z150. T0400
T0400 ;;
G28
G28 U0.
U0. W0.
W0. ;;
M05
M05 ;;
M30
M30 ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G94 : End Face Turning Cycle

G-CODE ▶ End face turning cycle (G94)

G71
G70 1.
1. straight
straight face
face turning
turning cycle
cycle 2.
2. Taper
Taper face
face turning
turning cycle
cycle
G72
G73 1(R)
1(R)
G74
2(F) 4(R)
G75 2(F) 4(R) U/2
U/2
3(F) 3(F)
G76 W
X/2 X/2 W
R
G90 Z Z
G92
G94
G96 / G97
G98 / G99 G94 X (U) ___ Z (W) ___ F___ ; G94 X(U)___Z (W) ___R ___F___ ;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G94 : End Face Turning Cycle

G-CODE ▶ End Face Turning Cycle (G94)

G71
G70 Exanple) End Face Turning Cycle (G94)
G72
O0004
O0004 ;;
G73
G28
G28 U0.
U0. W0.
W0. ;;
G74 G50
G50 X200.
X200. Z200.
Z200. T0100
T0100 S1300
S1300 ;;
G75 G96
G96 S130
S130 M03
M03 ;;
G00
G00 X62.
X62. Z62.
Z62. T0101
T0101 ;;
G76
G94
G94 X-1.
X-1. Z58.
Z58. F0.15
F0.15 ;;
G90 Z54.
Z54. ;;
G92 Z50.
Z50. ;;
G00
G00 X150.
X150. Z150.
Z150. T0100
T0100 ;;
G94
G28
G28 U0.
U0. W0.
W0. ;;
G96 / G97 M05
M05 ;;
G98 / G99 M30
M30 ;;
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G96 / G97 : SPECIFYING SPINDLE SPEED

G-CODE
▶G96 Constant surface speed control command
G97 Constant surface speed control cancel command
G71 ☞ Constant surface speed control ON (G96)
G70
AA G96
G96 command
command must must specify
specify the
the axis
axis along
along which
which constant
constant surface
surface
G72 speed
speed control
control is
is applied.
applied.
G73 surface
surface speed
speed :: relative
relative speed
speed of
of tool
tool between
between work
work
G74 V=π
V=π ** DD ** N/1000
N/1000
G75
G76 method of command G96 S _ ; S: surface speed (m/min) )

G90
☞ Constant surface speed control OFF (G97)
G92
G94 ItIt is
is recommended
recommended that
that the
the constant
constant surface
surface speed
speed control
control be
be
G96 / G97 invalidated
invalidated with
with G97
G97 command
command before
before starting
starting the
the scroll
scroll threading
threading
G98 / G99 and
and taper
taper threading.
threading.

method of command G97 S _ ; S: spindle speed (rpm)

 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

G98 : feed per minute / G99 : feed pre revolution

G-CODE ▶ feedrate command (G98, G99)

G71 The speed of the tool with respect to the workpiece when the
G70 workpiece is cut is called the cutting speed.
G72
G73
G74
G75
G76
G90
☞ feed per minute (G98) ☞ feed per revolution (G99)
G92
Command how much tool move per Command how much tool move
G94
minute.
per spindle 1 revolution.
G96 / G97 command method
G98 F_ ; ( F : mm/min ) command method
G98 / G99 G00 F_ ; ( F : mm/rev )
Relationship : F = f *N
F : feed per minute (mm/min)
f : feed per revolution (mm/rev)
N : spindle speed (rpm)
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

재질별 절삭속도 및 FEED 자료 정리

하한 - 추천 - 상한
피삭재 경도 절삭 방법 코너(R)
ISO 분류 속도 V(m/min) 절입량d(mm) 이송f(mm)
저탄소강 정삭 0.4 250-300-350 0.2-0.5-0.7 0.07-0.12-0.2
저탄소 합금강 정삭~중절삭 0.8 250-300-350 0.5-1.0-1.5 0.17-0.25-0.3
S10C, SCM415 중~황절삭 0.8 200-250-300 0.8-1.5-2.0 0.25-0.3-0.4
SS400, Scr415 황절삭 0.8 180-200-250 1.0-2.5-3.5 0.2-0.3-0.4
STKM, SP재, 등 고이송절삭 0.8 100-150-180 1.5-3.0-4.5 0.25-0.35-0.45
중단소강 정삭 0.4 200-250-300 0.3-0.5-1.0 0.05-0.1-0.2
중탄소합금강 정삭~중절삭 0.8 150-200-250 0.5-1.5-2.5 0.1-0.2-0.25
P S45C 중~황절삭 0.8 180-250-300 1.0-2.0-3.0 0.15-0.2-0.3
SCM435 황절삭 0.8 180-200-250 1.0-2.5-3.5 0.2-0.3-0.4
고이송절삭 0.8 100-150-180 1.5-3.0-4.5 0.25-0.35-0.45
정삭 0.4 150-200-250 0.3-0.5-1.0 0.05-0.1-0.2
고탄소합금강
정삭~중절삭 0.8 100-150-180 0.5-1.5-2.5 0.15-0.25-0.3
중~황절삭 0.8 100-120-150 1.0-2.0-3.0 0.15-0.2-0.3
SKD11등
고이송절삭 0.8 100-150-180 1.5-3-4.5 0.25-0.35-0.45
스텐레스강 정삭 0.4 100-120-150 0.5-1.0-1.5 0.08-0.15-0.2

M SUS304, SUS316 중~황절삭 0.4 150-180-200 1.0-2.0-3.5 0.1-0.2-0.3

황절삭 0.8 100-120-150 1.0-2.0-4.0 0.2-0.3-0.4
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

재질별 절삭속도 및 FEED 자료 정리

코너 하한 - 추천 - 상한
피삭재 경도 절삭 방법
ISO 분류 (R) 속도 V(m/min) 절입량d(mm) 이송f(mm)
고속정삭 0.8 600-700-1000 0.05-0.2-0.5 0.03-0.05-0.1
회주철
정삭 0.8 300-450-600 0.05-0.07-1.0 0.05-0.15-0.2
중절삭 0.8 150-200-250 0.5-2.0-2.5 0.1-0.2-0.3
FC200, FC250
황절삭 0.8 150-200-250 1.0-2.0-4.0 0.2-0.3-0.4
정삭 0.8 200-400-500 0.1-0.5-1.0 0.05-0.15-0.2
덕타일 주철
중절삭 0.8 100-150-200 0.5-2.0-2.5 0.1-0.2-0.3
FCD450등 황절삭 0.8 100-150-200 1.0-2.0-4.0 0.2-0.3-0.4
비철금속, 동 고속정삭 0.4 300-800-2000 0.05-0.5-1.0 0.05-0.1-0.15

K 동합금, 알루미늄 정삭 0.8 400-500-700 0.5-1.0-2.0 0.1-0.2-0.25

알루미늄 합금(Si10%하 중절삭 0.8 200-300-500 1.0-2.0-3.5 0.1-0.2-0.25
열처리강 45~55
정삭 0.8 30-60-80 0.05-0.3-0.5 0.1-0.3-0.4
고경도재 HRC
SKD11, SKD61 50HRC 정삭 0.8 80-120-150 0.05-0.3-0.5 0.05-0.08-0.1
이상 중절삭 1.2 80-100-120 0.5-1.0-2.0 0.05-0.1-0.2
정밀절삭 0.4 100-120-150 0.05-0.3-0.5 0.03-0.1-0.15
티탄합금
정삭 0.4 10-30-50 0.5-1.5-2.5 0.07-0.15-0.25
Ti-6a-4V등 중절삭 0.8 10-30-50 1.0-2.0-3.5 0.1-0.25-0.35
 HWACHEON TRAINNING CENTER

SCREW PITCH
G-CODE ▶ metric screw

G71 P 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
G70 H 0.65 0.81 0.97 1.13 1.30 1.62 1.95 2.27 2.60
G72 r 0.11 0.14 0.16 0.22 0.27 0.27 0.33 0.38 0.43

G73 1 0.30 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
2 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
G74
3 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.30
G75
4 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
G76 5 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.25
G90 6 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25

G92 7 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.20 0.25

8 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20
G94
9 0.05 0.15 0.20
G96 / G97
10 0.05 0.07 0.10
G98 / G99 11 0.05 0.05
12 0.05