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Heat Exchanger Design
Heat Exchanger Design
College of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
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CME450 PROJECT
The problem statement assigned to our group for the project was problem 2 where we were
asked to design a shell and tube heat exchanger that allows 120,000 lb/hr of aniline is cooled
from 275℉ to 200℉ by heating 100,000 lb/hr of benzene from 100℉ to 200℉.
For solving it, we chose the STHE method where we went through the 14 step flow chart
given below in order to obtain the design that would suit our conditions.
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SOLUTION
Given Data
Aniline
Flow rate: 120,000 lb/hr
275℉ 200℉
135℃ 93.3℃
408.15 K 366.483 K
Mean temperature = 237.5℉ = 387.316 K = 114.2℃
Molecular weight = 93.13 g/mol
Benzene
Flow rate: 100,000 lb/hr
100℉ 200℉
37.78℃ 93.3℃
310.928 K 366.483 K
Mean temperature = 150℉ = 338.706 K = 65.6℃
Molecular weight = 78.11 g/mol
Pressure specifications: Should not exceed 10 psi on both shell and tube side
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CME450 PROJECT
Therefore as the results indicate, aniline will flow in the tube side while benzene will flow in
the shell side.
𝑇𝑎 − 𝑇𝑏 100 − 200
𝑹= = = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟑
𝑡𝑏 − 𝑡𝑎 200 − 275
𝑡𝑏 − 𝑡𝑎 200 − 275
𝑺= = = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟐𝟖𝟔
𝑇𝑏 − 𝑇𝑎 100 − 275
100℉ 200℉
∆𝑻 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎℉ ∆𝑻 = 𝟕𝟓℉
200℉ 275℉
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𝐋 5000
= = 𝟒𝟑𝟕. 𝟑
𝐃𝐢 11.433
From Figure 3 in Appendix, 𝐣𝐡 = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟗𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑
𝐍𝐮 = jh × Re × P𝑟 0.33 = (2.496 × 10−3 )(26.776)(8.75)0.33 = 𝟏𝟑𝟔. 𝟕𝟑
NuK 136.73 × 0.157
𝒉𝒊 = = = 𝟏𝟖𝟕𝟖. 𝟏 𝐖⁄ 𝟐
D1 11.433 × 10−3 𝐦 ℃
4(0.86(20)2 −0.25𝜋(16)2 )
𝐝𝐞 = = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟑𝟕 𝐦𝐦
𝜋(16)
lb 1 kg 1 m3 𝐦𝟑
𝐕𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜 𝐟𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 = 100,000 × × 0.453592 × = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟐
hr 3600 lb 830.88 kg 𝐬
0.0152 m
𝐒𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐥 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 = = 1.26 ≅ 𝟏 𝐦⁄𝐬
0.0119988 s
830.88 × 1 × 11.37 × 10−3
𝐑𝐞 = = 25328 ≅ 𝟐. 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟒 ≈ 𝐓𝐔𝐑𝐁𝐔𝐋𝐄𝐍𝐓
3.73 × 10−4
μCp 3.73 × 10−4 (1.212 × 103 )
𝐏𝐫 = = = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟓
K 0.135
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CME450 PROJECT
Recommended baffle cut is 20-25%. [3] Assume 25% in this case for reasonable heat
transfer coefficient without huge pressure drop.
1506.88 × 103 W
𝐀𝐨 = = 𝟓𝟖. 𝟏𝟕𝟓𝐦𝟐
W
558 mK × 46.42K
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CME450 PROJECT
0.0161 𝐦
𝐓𝐮𝐛𝐞 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞 𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 = −3
= 𝟐. 𝟔𝟏
6.156 × 10 𝐬
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CME450 PROJECT
U = 𝟔𝟑𝟖. 𝟒𝟔 𝐖⁄𝐦𝐊
638.46 − 557.907
% 𝐞𝐫𝐫𝐨𝐫 = | | × 100% = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟒𝟐% < 𝟑𝟎% 𝐬𝐨 𝐢𝐭 ′ 𝐬 𝐚𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞
557.907
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CME450 PROJECT
230
𝐓𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐬 𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐞𝐝 = = 530.41 ~ 𝟓𝟑𝟎 𝐭𝐮𝐛𝐞𝐬
6.8 0.5
[36.164]
𝐎. 𝐃 = 𝟏𝟔 𝐦𝐦
𝐈. 𝐃 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟒𝟑 𝐦𝐦
𝐓𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐩𝐢𝐭𝐜𝐡 = 𝟐𝟎 𝐦𝐦
𝐥𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐭𝐡 = 𝟓 𝐦𝐦
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CME450 PROJECT
𝐍𝐮 = jh × Re × Pr 0.33
= 1.972 × 10−3 × 22600.676 × 8.750.33
= 𝟗𝟏. 𝟏𝟕𝟖
NuK (91.178)(0.157)
𝐡𝐢 = = = 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝟐. 𝟎𝟕𝟑 𝐖⁄ 𝟐
Di 11.433 × 10−3 𝐦 ℃
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CME450 PROJECT
𝐦
𝐮𝐓 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟎𝟕
𝐬
𝐑𝐞 = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎𝟒
From Figure 12.24, 𝐣𝐟 = 𝟑. 𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑
5000 1.2072 5.75 −0.14
∆𝐏𝐓 = 8 × 3.8 × 10−3 × [ ] × 941.72 × [ ]×[ ]
11.43 2 3.73
= 8585.97 N⁄m2 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟒𝟓 𝐩𝐬𝐢
𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐟𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐩𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬, 1.245 × 4 = 𝟒. 𝟗𝟖 𝐩𝐬𝐢 < 𝟏𝟎 𝐩𝐬𝐢 𝐀𝐂𝐂𝐄𝐏𝐓𝐀𝐁𝐋𝐄
−3
593.118 5000 830.88 × (0.986)2 3.73 −0.14
∆𝐏𝐬 = 8 × 3.8 × 10 ×[ ][ ][ ]×[ ]
11.37 120 2 5.75
= 13468.12 N⁄m2 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟓𝟑 𝐩𝐬𝐢
𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐭𝐰𝐨 𝐬𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐥𝐬, 1.953 × 2 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝟎𝟔 𝐩𝐬𝐢 < 𝟏𝟎 𝐩𝐬𝐢 𝐀𝐂𝐂𝐄𝐏𝐓𝐀𝐁𝐋𝐄
Iterations Tube heat Shell heat Tube Shell Overall Pressure Pressure
transfer transfer side side Heat drop tube drop
coefficient coefficient velocity velocity Coefficient, side shell side
(W/m2.K) (W/m2.K) (m/s) (m/s) U (Psi) (Psi)
(W/m2.K)
I 1878.1 1760.96 1.43 1.26 558 - -
II 4712.86 7460.04 2.61 2.12 638.5 36.16 58.83
III 1252.1 1760.9 1.21 0.99 435.61 4.98 3.91
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CME450 PROJECT
Nomenclature
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Appendix
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References
[1 ] R. Serth and T. Lestina, Process heat transfer, 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic
Press, 2014.
[2] D. Green, Perry's chemical engineers' handbook, 8th ed. New York [etc.]: McGraw-Hill,
2008.
[3] M. Peters, K. Timmerhaus and R. West, Plant Design and Economics for Chemical
Engineers, 5th ed. McGraw Hill, 2017.
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