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BUYER'S GUIDE

(Learn About Purchasing Diamond, Jewellery & Pearls)

z Diamond Buyer’s Guide

z Jewellery Buyer’s Guide
z Pearl Buyer’s Guide

Buying a Diamond, Diamond Jewellery or Pearls can be a troublesome and expensive

experience we know that buying a piece of any jewellery is exciting, but there's a lot to think about. With this buyer's
guide, we will help you to understand Diamonds, Jewellery with Pearls and appreciate their mystique and value.

1. Diamond Buyer’s Guide: || TOP ||

Before buying a diamond the knowledge of 5-C's (Cut, Color, Carat, Clarity & Certificate) is the most common guide used
for buying and selling diamonds. As a collectible, one diamond may appeal to one person and not to another. It is
important that you choose a diamond that satisfies your taste.

The quality of a diamond is defined by means of the 4C’s: Carat (Weight), Clarity, Colour and
Cut. These characteristics do not only determine the stone’s quality, they can also be very
useful in identifying the diamond, since every diamond is unique.
But, before to know more about all the C’s you have to know one more ‘C’- Cost (Budget).

When looking to purchase a diamond, first determine what your price ranges. Stay away from
companies that try to tell you what your cost should be based on i.e., monthly income. Your
cost should be based solely on what you feel comfortable with. Most companies will allow you
to upgrade your diamond in the future and give you a full credit for your original purchase.

One commonly asked question is how to figure the prices per carat of diamonds. The price of a diamond will reflect rarity
factors as well as overhead expenses of the seller. Some rarity factors depend on size (larger is rarer than smaller), clarity
(less imperfections are more uncommon), color (colorless is less frequent) and cut (good proportioning gives greater
brilliance). Each of these factors is discussed below.

Cut:

You have to decide that what shape of Diamond you wants to purchase? The most common shape is round or RBC (round
brilliant cut). Others are Marquise, Pear, Baguette, Princess, Emerald, Oval, Radiant etc. For
more detail…. (Link to diamond shape page)

The cut of a diamond is very important in determining the beauty of the stone. The cut
comprises of the depth, width, various angles and proportion. A round diamond has 57
facets (each cutting part called ‘facet’ & with individual name). The proportions and finish
grade of a diamond establish the quality of the cut. A good finish grade testifies to the
workmanship of the diamond polisher. It refers to the symmetry of the facets and their
overall finish. The best cut diamonds also have the right proportions between the different
parts of the diamond. When the cuts are placed precisely within certain mathematically calculated angle, light that enters
the diamond will be reflected back out of the top in a brilliant prismatic result. If these proportions are not optimal, the fire
and brilliancy of the diamond are affected, and undesirable visual effects might occur.

Apart from the most popular ‘round brilliant’ cut, there are a range of other frequently used cuts, and one might also come
across magnificent ‘fancy cut’ diamonds.

Round Brilliant Cut and its parts…..

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Colour:

Describes the amount of colour the diamond contains. This can range from colourless to yellow with slight tints of yellow,
gray or brown. Colors can also range from intense yellow to brown. The intensity can vary from
nearly colourless, which is preferable, to decidedly yellow. The value of a white stone is higher
than that of a yellowish stone. However, diamonds can also have a distinct orange, brown, pink,
green or blue colour. These colour diamonds can be extremely valuable. If there are natural red,
blue or green colours in diamond they more valuable than white.

Be aware!

It is possible to influence the color by irradiation treatment followed by heat treatment. This method is not recommended
for two reasons. The first is the risk involved with exposure to irradiated objects. The second is the risk of color change
over time. All color treated diamonds must be disclosed as such prior to sale.

Contrary to popular belief, a diamond appears not only in the typical colorless or near colorless form, but actually varies
from "white" to a "light yellow" color. Graded on an alphabetical scale, the color grade begins at D and ends at Z. However,
fancy colored diamonds are graded on a completely different scale.

Clarity:

The clarity of a diamond is determined by the number, size, brightness and location of
the internal and external characteristics, important structure phenomena and

transparency. Generally speaking, mainly the inclusions in the stone affect the clarity.
Obviously, the fewer inclusions or structure phenomena the stone displays, the higher
the quality of the diamond.

Grade Meaning Definition

FL Flawless Free from all inclusions or blemishes
under 10x.
IF Internally Flawless No inclusions visible at 10x
magnification.
VVS-1 Very-Very Slightly Inclusions those are extremely difficult
Included -1 to locate under 10x.
VVS-2 Very-Very Slightly Inclusions those are very difficult to
Included -2 locate under 10x.
VS-1 Very Slightly Included Minor inclusions that are difficult to
-1 locate under 10x.
VS-2 Very Slightly Included Minor inclusions those are somewhat
-2 difficult to locate under 10x.
SI-1 Slightly Included -1 Noticeable inclusions those are easy to
locate under 10x.
SI-2 Slightly Included -2 Noticeable inclusion those are very
easy to locate under 10x.
I-1 Included -1 Obvious inclusions. Somewhat easy to
locate with the unaided eye.
I-2 Included -2 Obvious inclusions. Easy to locate with
the unaided eye.
I-3 Included 23 Obvious inclusions. Very easy to locate.

Carat:

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Carat refers to the weight of a diamond. Carat is the 5th part of a gram. A carat is further
subdivided in 100 cents (sometimes called - points). The value of diamond is depends on its size. The bigger diamond is
more valuable as smaller pieces. For more detail…. (Link to diamond page “Carat”)

Certificate - The 5th ‘C’:

Another important thing to consider in purchasing or selling a diamond is the diamond certificate or grading report. It is a
vital document that proves the authenticity and quality of the diamond being bought or sold.
A highly trained diamond grader evaluates and specifies the attributes of the diamond. Most
of the people don’t know 4‘C’s of diamonds. The Certificate provides genuine details of a
diamond issued by any Neutral Organisation. Learn more … (link to lab page)

Valuation:

All 4C’s are taken into consideration at the time of diamond valuation. Diamond with good
Cut, Colour, Clarity and Carat weight is the most critical factor in determining price. Apart
from the scarcity of the bigger stones is that while fashion and local taste may effect the
desirability of colour and the extreme rarity of the truly flawless diamond increases the
demand for slightly less perfect stones, weight remains the only constant and easily
calculable factor under the grading systems most commonly used today. There is one
advantage in seeing a diamond in its setting and that is setting itself may provide a valuable
due to the nature of the stone.

To valuate a diamond you can refer a “Goyam Trade Rates”. It is upgraded frequently.

How to Clean & Care of Diamonds? For more detail….

2. Jewellery Buyer’s Guide: || TOP ||

Diamonds are considered as the women's best friend. Rather we

must say that any piece of jewellery can bring smile on any women’s
face. But sometimes it may happen that a jewellery piece which
looks extremely good and impressive can be disheartening in terms
of size reason can be that you couldn’t find the right size. But, this is
not a bigger problem as you can find right jewellery in many
jewellery stores, and in online jewellery shopping sites.
If you are planning to purchase any type of jewellery, here are few
things for make purchase easy.

Something about Gold:

Gold will not tarnish or rust. Gold is very strong, but also very malleable. Pure gold or 24karat gold is too soft for jewelry and
cannot handle the stress of wearing. Gold is alloyed with a mixture of deferent metals to give it greater strength. When gold
alloying with other metals; gold purity is deduct as 22, 20, 18, 16 karat. Following is a chart of different karatage (noted by
“k”): more about gold…. (Link to Metal page ‘Gold’)

24k – 99.99 % Pure Gold: Too soft for jewellery.

23k – 95.80 % Gold: Used for special work jewellery like Kundan, Thewa etc.
22k – 91.67 % Gold: Used for only gold jewellery.
20k – 83.30 % Gold: Used for only gold jewellery.
18k – 75.00 % Gold: Used for gems or stone studded Jewellery.
14k – 58.50 % Gold: Also used for diamond Jewellery.

Most Indian only gold jewelleries are made from 22k or 91.6% gold and diamond studded jewelleries are made from 18k or
75% gold. You can purchase gold jewellery with “Hallmarking” Certificate and with “Diamond Grading
Report” (“Diamond Certificate”) for surety of gold purity and diamond quality.

The price of gold is determined by the karat weight and labor charges are depending on the jewellery article. For right value
of diamond you can refer “Goyam Trade Rates”. It is upgraded frequently.

How to Clean & Care of Jewellery? For more detail….

3. Pearl Buyer’s Guide: || TOP ||

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Beautiful, mysterious and eye capturing cool gem. This evergreen gem is a greatest creation of nature, found from oyster,
called mother of pearl. Before to purchase them first understand them how to graded and valued. This guide is helping you
to understand that how pearls are graded and valued is important before purchase a pearl jewellery purchase. This guide
provides information consumers can use to compare and evaluate pearls and pearl jewellery.

What is the right value of Pearl? How to valuate it?

The terms used to describe the quality and value of a pearl or pearl set is given below.

z Type: There many types of pearls available in market, but most popular, in order of value are Freshwater,
Tahitian, Akoya, South Sea, Iceland and Culture Pearls.
z Size: Pearls in size range is up to 15 millimeter and over, depending on type. Pearl as larger as more valuable
than small size.
z Luster: Luster is the brilliance or glow of light from a pearl. A high quality pearl will be brilliant and bright, and
you should be able to easily see your own reflection in its surface. Never sacrifice lustrousness. It is the visual factor
most responsible for giving a fine pearl its unique beauty and character. Simply defined, luster is the sharpness and
intensity of reflected light on a pearl’s surface.

z Nacre: Pearls are made from the layers of aragonite and conchiolin
built around the centre of pearl, called Nacre. Nacre is the same crystalline
substance that forms the beautiful shell linings we call “mother of pearl.”
If enough layers form, and the crystals align, a prism-like effect occurs
when light passes through the layers. This effect cause’s orient, a soft
iridescent glow which looks like a diffusion of light from inside the pearl.
z Surface Perfection: Surface perfection is always required, but
rarely encountered. And when you find it, it comes at a very high price.
People were always searching for pearls with a “skin” as free of minor
welts, blisters, pimples, cracks and bumps as possible. But blemish-free
surfaces are rare. Our eyes are trained to avoid “large and numerous,”
and give attention to on “few and small.” Ideally, we hide blemishes in a jeweler’s drill hole or in a setting. When
examining a pearl for unsightly imperfections, check it out under both diffused and bright light sources you will see a
cracks or any blemish on the surface.
z Shape: Pearls come in a number of different shapes included Round, Semi-Round, Oval Baroque, Ringed, Tear-
Drop, Pear, Kesi, Mabe, Button shaped and irregular shaped. From these perfect round is always been the ideal. If
they are with blemish-free and with good luster they are rare and very costly.

z Colour: Pearls are available in a wide array of colors. The most common include white, cream, silver, gold,
rose, peach,, rosaline, burgundy, green, bronze, gray, black and brown. The color encompasses three
characteristics:
{ Body color — the most prevalent color of the pearl.

{ Overtone — the luminous color that is in a layer over the body color, and when concentrated on the edges
of the pearl is referred to as the “halo”.
{ Orient — just below the surface of the pearl is this prismatic layer of coloring.

Not all pearls demonstrate all three color characteristics.

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{ Matching Sets: The ability of a set of pearls to be similar to or match with each other is referred to
as identical. The better the matching, the greater the value of the piece of pearl jewelry. Of course,
matching only applies to studs & multi-pearl jewellery.
All of these characteristic are used to decide the quality and value of pearls and pearl jewellery. By knowing and
understanding these, you are in a better position to know what to look for and what you are purchasing.

How to Clean & Care of Pearls and Pearl Jewellery? For more detail.....

Diamond Buyer Guide, Diamond, Perl Buying Guide, Jewellery Purchasing Guide, How to buy and where buy diamond, je

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