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Statistics 1: 2 Marks
Statistics 1: 2 Marks
2 marks
1. What are the functions of Statistics?
Statistics helps in providing a better understanding and exact description of a phenomenon of nature.
Statistical helps in proper and efficient planning of a statistical inquiry in any field of study.
Statistics helps in presenting complex data in a suitable tabular, diagrammatic and graphic form for an
easy and clear comprehension of the data.
Independent event :- the occurrence of one event does not effect the occurrence of the others e.g if we
flip a coin two times, the first time may show a head, but the next time when we flip the coin the
outcome will be heads also. From this example we can see the first event does not affect the occurrence
of the next event.
6. Scatter Diagram
Also called: scatter plot, X–Y graph.
The scatter diagram graphs pairs of numerical data, with one variable on each axis, to look for a
relationship between them. If the variables are correlated, the points will fall along a line or curve. The
better the correlation, the tighter the points will hug the line.
7. Tow Natures of statistical methods
1. Statistical methods are mathematical formulas, models, and techniques that are used in statistical
analysis of raw research data.
2. The application of statistical methods extracts information from research data and provides different
ways to assess the robustness of research outputs.
8. How to draw the Ogive curves?
First construct a frequency table.
Cumulate the frequencies.
Calculate the percent cumulative frequency.
Next mark off class boundaries along the horizontal axis of the ogive and mark off percent cumulative
frequencies along the vertical axis of the ogive. It is important to plot the percent cumulative frequencies
above the upper class boundary of each class
9. What is meant by classification of data?
The process of arranging data into homogeneous group or classes according to some common
characteristics present in the data is called classification.
1. One way classification
2. Two way classification
3. Multi way classification
10. What do you mean by stratified random sampling?
A stratified random sample is a population sample that requires the population to be divided into smaller
groups, called 'strata'. Random samples can be taken from each stratum, or group.
11. Distinguish between sampling and non-sampling errors.
Sampling error is the error that arises in a data collection process as a result of taking a sample from a
population rather than using the whole population.
Non-sampling error is the error that arises in a data collection process as a result of factors other than
taking a sample.
Where = the mean, Mo = the mode and s = the standard deviation for the sample.
Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness #2 uses the median. The formula is:
Where = the mean, Mo = the mode and s = the standard deviation for the sample.
It is generally used when you don’t know the mode.