DESIGN OF THREE CELL BOX CULVERT (LOADING CASE 1)

CONSIDERING DEPTH OF SLAB AS 450 MM

DEPTH OF WALL SECTION AS
SIZE OF EACH BARREL
450 MM
B 4 M
D 2.5 M
ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION
LIVE LOAD
SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

NUMBER OF BARRELS 3 Nos. UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL

SIZE OF BOX CULVERT B 13.8 M NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS

D 3 M
LENGTH OF SINGLE CELL B 4.45 M
CALCULATION OF LOAD

CASE 1: DEAD LOAD AND LIVE LOAD FROM OUTSIDE WHILE NO WATER PRESSURE FROM INSIDE

SELF WEIGHT OF TOP SLAB 11.25 KN/M2

LIVE LOAD + DEAD LOAD 57 KN/M2

TOTAL LOAD ON TOP SLAB 68.25 KN/M2

WEIGHT OF EACH SIDE WALL 28.13 KN/M2

UPWARD SOIL REACTION AT BASE 76.40 KN/M2

COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE 0.333

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO LIVE AND DEAD LOAD 18.981 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO SOIL Ka*w*H 5.994 H

LATERAL PRESSURE AT TOP 18.981 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE AT BOTTOM 36.963 KN/M2

STIFNESS COEFFICIENT

K 4EI/L WHERE EI IS CONSTANT

K 1/L

STIFFNESS FACTOR K FOR VARIOUS MEMBERS

AB&BA 0.33 BD&DB 0.22

CD&DC 0.33 DF&FD 0.22
EF&FE 0.33 FH&HF 0.22
GH&HG 0.33 AC&CA 0.22
CE&EC 0.22
EG&GE 0.22

DISTRIBUTION FACTOR AT JOINTS

DF
A AB 0.33 0.60 E EC 0.22
AC 0.22 0.40 EG 0.22
AB+AC 0.56 EF 0.33
EC+EG+EF 0.78
B BA 0.33 0.60
BD 0.22 0.40 F FE 0.33
BA+BD 0.56 FD 0.22
FH 0.22
C CA 0.22 0.29 FE+FD+FH 0.78
CE 0.22 0.29
CD 0.33 0.43 G GE 0.22
CA+CE+CD 0.78 GH 0.33
GE+GH 0.56
D DB 0.22 0.29
DC 0.33 0.43 H HF 0.22
DF 0.22 0.29 HG 0.33
DB+DC+DF 0.78 HF+HG 0.56

FIXED END MOMENTS

Mfac -112.63 KNm Mfce -112.63 KNm

Mfca 112.63 KNm Mfec 112.63 KNm

Mfbd 126.08 KNm Mfdf 126.08 KNm

Mfdb -126.08 KNm Mffd -126.08 KNm

Mfab 19.63 KNm Mfcd 0.00 KNm

Mfba -48.03 KNm Mfdc 0.00 KNm

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

JOINT A C D

MEMBER AB AC CA CE CD DC DF

FEM 19.630 ### 112.627 ### 0.000 0.000 126.080

DF 0.597 0.403 0.287 0.426 0.287 0.426 0.287

BALANCE 55.548 37.448 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

CARRY
OVER -23.310 0.000 18.724 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BALANCE 13.924 9.387 -5.375 -7.973 -5.375 6.692 4.511

CARRY
OVER -8.295 -2.688 4.693 0.000 3.346 2.688 0.000

BALANCE 6.560 4.423 -2.308 -3.423 -2.308 1.237 0.834

CARRY
OVER -2.753 -1.154 2.211 0.000 0.618 -1.154 0.000

BALANCE 2.334 1.573 -0.812 -1.205 -0.812 1.282 0.864

CARRY
OVER -1.104 -0.406 0.787 0.000 0.641 -0.406 0.000
 BALANCE 0.902 0.608 -0.410 -0.608 -0.410 0.490 0.330
CARRY
OVER -0.478 -0.205 0.304 0.000 0.245 -0.205 0.000

BALANCE 0.408 0.275 -0.158 -0.234 -0.158 0.224 0.151

CARRY
OVER -0.184 -0.079 0.137 0.000 0.112 -0.079 0.000

BALANCE 0.157 0.106 -0.072 -0.106 -0.072 0.086 0.058

CARRY
OVER -0.083 -0.036 0.053 0.000 0.043 -0.036 0.000

BALANCE 0.071 0.048 -0.028 -0.041 -0.028 0.039 0.026

FINAL
63.327 -63.327 130.374 ### -4.157 10.858 132.855
MOMENTS

BENDING MOMENT CALCULATION

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB AC CARRYING UDL 68.25 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT A 151.8563 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT C 303.7125 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT E 303.7125 KN

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB BD CARRYING UDL 76.4022 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT B 169.9948 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT D 339.9897 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT F 339.9897 KN

FOR VERTICAL MEMBER AB, THE HORIZONTAL REACTION AT A IS FOUND BY TAKING MOMENT AT B

Ha 31.71 KN

Hb 52.21 KN

TOP SLAB

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT MID SPAN Mac 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 72.09 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT MID SPAN Mce 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 52.91 KNM

BOTTOM SLAB
FOR SPAN BD, BM AT MID SPAN Mbd 85.95 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM -26.20 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT MID SPAN Mdf 85.95 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM -41.83 KNM

SIDE WALL

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT MID SPAN Mab 31.47 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 40.49 KNM

1)

ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION 30 DEGREES

LIVE LOAD 47 KN/M2

SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD 10 KN/M2

UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL 18 KN/M3

NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS 4

ESSURE FROM INSIDE

TRIANGLE
PORTION 17.982 KN/M2

DF
 0.29
0.29
0.43

0.43
0.29
0.29

0.40
0.60

0.40
0.40

Mfeg -112.63 KNm

Mfge 112.63 KNm

Mffh 126.08 KNm

Mfhf -126.08 KNm

Mfef 19.63 KNm

Mffe -48.03 KNm

D B F E

DB BD BA FD EC

-126.080 126.080 -48.029 ### 112.627

0.287 0.403 0.597

0.000 -31.430 -46.621 0.000 0.000

-15.715 0.000 27.774 0.000 0.000

4.511 -11.184 -16.590 0.000 0.000

-5.592 2.256 6.962 2.256 -3.987

0.834 -3.712 -5.506 0.000 0.000

-1.856 0.417 3.280 0.417 -1.712

0.864 -1.489 -2.208 0.000 0.000

-0.744 0.432 1.167 0.432 -0.602

 0.330 -0.644 -0.955 0.000 0.000

-0.322 0.165 0.451 0.165 -0.304

0.151 -0.248 -0.368 0.000 0.000

-0.124 0.076 0.204 0.076 -0.117

0.058 -0.113 -0.167 0.000 0.000

-0.056 0.029 0.079 0.029 -0.053

0.026 -0.043 -0.064 0.000 0.000

-143.713 80.592 -80.592 ### 105.852

TAKING MOMENT AT B

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mac 32.4 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 127.0 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 94.5 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 32.4 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 125.2 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 92.7 KNM

FOR SPAN BD, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mbd 36.3 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 140.5 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 104.2 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 36.3 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 132.3 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 96.0 KNM

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mab 9.6 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 79.3 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 69.7 KNM

Rn 17.982 KN

Mx 16.633 KNm

RECTANGLE PORTION 5.926 KNm

TRIANGLE PORTION 3.625 KNm

 DESIGN OF THREE CELL BOX CULVERT (LOADING CASE 2)

CONSIDERING DEPTH OF SLAB AS 450 MM

DEPTH OF WALL SECTION AS
SIZE OF EACH BARREL
450 MM
B 4 M
D 2.5 M
ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION
LIVE LOAD
SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

NUMBER OF BARRELS 3 Nos. UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL

SIZE OF BOX CULVERT B 13.8 M NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS

D 3 M
LENGTH OF SINGLE CELL B 4.45 M DENSITY OF WATER
CALCULATION OF LOAD

CASE 2: DEAD LOAD AND LIVE LOAD FROM OUTSIDE WHILE WATER PRESSURE FROM INSIDE

WATER PRESSURE HAS A INTENSITY AT A 0 KN/M2

WATER PRESSURE HAS A INTENSITY AT B 29.43 KN/M2

TOTAL LOAD ON TOP SLAB 68.25 KN/M2

WEIGHT OF EACH SIDE WALL 28.125 KN/M2

UPWARD SOIL REACTION AT BASE 76.4022 KN/M2

COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE 0.333

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO LIVE AND DEAD LOAD 18.981 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO SOIL Ka*w*H 5.994 H

LATERAL PRESSURE AT TOP 18.981 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE AT BOTTOM 36.963 KN/M2

STIFNESS COEFFICIENT

K 4EI/L WHERE EI IS CONSTANT

K 1/L

STIFFNESS FACTOR K FOR VARIOUS MEMBERS

AB&BA 0.33 BD&DB 0.22

CD&DC 0.33 DF&FD 0.22
EF&FE 0.33 FH&HF 0.22
GH&HG 0.33 AC&CA 0.22
CE&EC 0.22
EG&GE 0.22

DISTRIBUTION FACTOR AT JOINTS

DF
A AB 0.33 0.60 E EC 0.22
AC 0.22 0.40 EG 0.22
AB+AC 0.56 EF 0.33
EC+EG+EF 0.78
B BA 0.33 0.60
BD 0.22 0.40 F FE 0.33
BA+BD 0.56 FD 0.22
FH 0.22
C CA 0.22 0.29 FE+FD+FH 0.78
CE 0.22 0.29
CD 0.33 0.43 G GE 0.22
CA+CE+CD 0.78 GH 0.33
GE+GH 0.56
D DB 0.22 0.29
DC 0.33 0.43 H HF 0.22
DF 0.22 0.29 HG 0.33
DB+DC+DF 0.78 HF+HG 0.56

FIXED END MOMENTS

Mfac -112.63 KNm Mfce -112.63 KNm

Mfca 112.63 KNm Mfec 112.63 KNm

Mfbd 126.08 KNm Mfdf 126.08 KNm

Mfdb -126.08 KNm Mffd -126.08 KNm

Mfab 10.80 KNm Mfcd 0.00 KNm

Mfba -9.08 KNm Mfdc 0.00 KNm

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

JOINT A C D

MEMBER AB AC CA CE CD DC DF

FEM 10.801 ### 112.627 ### 0.000 0.000 126.080

DF 0.597 0.403 0.287 0.426 0.287 0.426 0.287

BALANCE 60.822 41.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

CARRY
OVER -34.942 0.000 20.502 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BALANCE 20.871 14.070 -5.886 -8.730 -5.886 10.031 6.763

CARRY
OVER -9.082 -2.943 7.035 0.000 5.016 2.943 0.000

BALANCE 7.183 4.842 -3.460 -5.132 -3.460 1.354 0.913

CARRY
OVER -4.127 -1.730 2.421 0.000 0.677 -1.730 0.000

BALANCE 3.498 2.358 -0.889 -1.319 -0.889 1.921 1.295

CARRY
OVER -1.209 -0.445 1.179 0.000 0.961 -0.445 0.000
 BALANCE 0.988 0.666 -0.614 -0.911 -0.614 0.536 0.362
CARRY
OVER -0.716 -0.307 0.333 0.000 0.268 -0.307 0.000

BALANCE 0.611 0.412 -0.173 -0.256 -0.173 0.336 0.227

CARRY
OVER -0.202 -0.086 0.206 0.000 0.168 -0.086 0.000

BALANCE 0.172 0.116 -0.107 -0.159 -0.107 0.095 0.064

CARRY
OVER -0.125 -0.054 0.058 0.000 0.047 -0.054 0.000

BALANCE 0.107 0.072 -0.030 -0.045 -0.030 0.059 0.040

FINAL
54.651 -54.651 133.202 ### -4.022 14.654 135.742
MOMENTS

BENDING MOMENT CALCULATION

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB AC CARRYING UDL 68.25 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT A 151.8563 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT C 303.7125 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT E 303.7125 KN

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB BD CARRYING UDL 76.40 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT B 169.9948 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT D 339.9897 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT F 339.9897 KN

FOR VERTICAL MEMBER AB, THE HORIZONTAL REACTION AT A IS FOUND BY TAKING MOMENT AT B

Ha 20.002497 KN

Hb 19.768503 KN

TOP SLAB

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT MID SPAN Mac 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 75.01 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT MID SPAN Mce 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 52.16 KNM

BOTTOM SLAB
FOR SPAN BD, BM AT MID SPAN Mbd 189.12 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 82.48 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT MID SPAN Mdf 189.12 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 60.61 KNM

SIDE WALL

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT MID SPAN Mab 14.91 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 43.85 KNM

2)

ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION 30 DEGREES

LIVE LOAD 47 KN/M2

SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD 10 KN/M2

UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL 18 KN/M3

NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS 4

DENSITY OF WATER 9.81 KN/M3

URE FROM INSIDE

PRESSURE AT TOP 18.981 KN/M2

PRESSURE AT BOTTOM 7.533 KN/M2

TRIANGLE PORTION 11.448 KN/M2

DF
 0.29
0.29
0.43

0.43
0.29
0.29

0.40
0.60

0.40
0.40

Mfeg -112.63 KNm

Mfge 112.63 KNm

Mffh 126.08 KNm

Mfhf -126.08 KNm

Mfef 10.80 KNm

Mffe -9.08 KNm

D B F E

DB BD BA FD EC

-126.080 126.080 -9.084 ### 112.627

0.287 0.403 0.597

0.000 -47.112 -69.883 0.000 0.000

-23.556 0.000 30.411 0.000 0.000

6.763 -12.246 -18.165 0.000 0.000

-6.123 3.381 10.436 3.381 -4.365

0.913 -5.564 -8.253 0.000 0.000

-2.782 0.456 3.591 0.456 -2.566

1.295 -1.630 -2.418 0.000 0.000

-0.815 0.648 1.749 0.648 -0.660

 0.362 -0.965 -1.432 0.000 0.000

-0.483 0.181 0.494 0.181 -0.456

0.227 -0.272 -0.403 0.000 0.000

-0.136 0.113 0.306 0.113 -0.128

0.064 -0.169 -0.250 0.000 0.000

-0.084 0.032 0.086 0.032 -0.080

0.040 -0.047 -0.070 0.000 0.000

-150.396 62.886 -62.886 ### 104.373

TAKING MOMENT AT B

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mac 32.44 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 129.23 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 96.79 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 32.44 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 127.93 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 95.49 KNM

FOR SPAN BD, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mbd 36.31 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 145.97 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 109.66 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 36.31 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 135.01 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 98.70 KNM

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mab 3.62 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 62.27 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 58.65 KNM

Rn 5.724 KN

Mx 0.8586 KNm

RECTANGLE PORTION 2.352 KNm

TRIANGLE PORTION 1.26617 KNm

 DESIGN OF THREE CELL BOX CULVERT (LOADING CASE 3)

CONSIDERING DEPTH OF SLAB AS 450 MM

DEPTH OF WALL SECTION AS
SIZE OF EACH BARREL
450 MM
B 4 M
D 2.5 M
ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION
LIVE LOAD
SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD

NUMBER OF BARRELS 3 Nos. UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL

SIZE OF BOX CULVERT B 13.8 M NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS

D 3 M
LENGTH OF SINGLE CELL B 4.45 M DENSITY OF WATER
CALCULATION OF LOAD

CASE 3: LIVE LOAD AND DEAD LOAD ON TOP AND WATER PRESSURE FROM INSIDE

SELF WEIGHT OF TOP SLAB 11.25 KN/M2

LIVE LOAD + DEAD LOAD 57 KN/M2

TOTAL LOAD ON TOP SLAB 68.25 KN/M2

WEIGHT OF EACH SIDE WALL 28.125 KN/M2

UPWARD SOIL REACTION AT BASE 76.40 KN/M2

COEFFICIENT OF EARTH PRESSURE 0.333

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO LIVE AND DEAD LOAD 18.981 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO SOIL Ka*w*H 5.994 H

LATERAL PRESSURE AT TOP 3.33 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE AT BOTTOM 21.312 KN/M2

STIFNESS COEFFICIENT

K 4EI/L WHERE EI IS CONSTANT

K 1/L

STIFFNESS FACTOR K FOR VARIOUS MEMBERS

AB&BA 0.33 BD&DB 0.22

CD&DC 0.33 DF&FD 0.22
EF&FE 0.33 FH&HF 0.22
GH&HG 0.33 AC&CA 0.22
CE&EC 0.22
EG&GE 0.22

DISTRIBUTION FACTOR AT JOINTS

DF
A AB 0.33 0.60 E EC 0.22
 AC 0.22 0.40 EG 0.22
AB+AC 0.56 EF 0.33
EC+EG+EF 0.78
B BA 0.33 0.60
BD 0.22 0.40 F FE 0.33
BA+BD 0.56 FD 0.22
FH 0.22
C CA 0.22 0.29 FE+FD+FH 0.78
CE 0.22 0.29
CD 0.33 0.43 G GE 0.22
CA+CE+CD 0.78 GH 0.33
GE+GH 0.56
D DB 0.22 0.29
DC 0.33 0.43 H HF 0.22
DF 0.22 0.29 HG 0.33
DB+DC+DF 0.78 HF+HG 0.56

FIXED END MOMENTS

Mfac -112.63 KNm Mfce -112.63 KNm

Mfca 112.63 KNm Mfec 112.63 KNm

Mfbd 126.08 KNm Mfdf 126.08 KNm

Mfdb -126.08 KNm Mffd -126.08 KNm

Mfab -0.94 KNm Mfcd 0.00 KNm

Mfba 2.65 KNm Mfdc 0.00 KNm

MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

JOINT A C D

MEMBER AB AC CA CE CD DC DF

FEM -0.937 ### 112.627 ### 0.000 0.000 126.080

DF 0.597 0.403 0.287 0.426 0.287 0.426 0.287

BALANCE 67.833 45.730 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

CARRY
OVER -38.447 0.000 22.865 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

BALANCE 22.965 15.482 -6.564 -9.737 -6.564 11.037 7.441

CARRY
OVER -10.129 -3.282 7.741 0.000 5.519 3.282 0.000

BALANCE 8.011 5.401 -3.807 -5.647 -3.807 1.510 1.018

CARRY
OVER -4.541 -1.903 2.700 0.000 0.755 -1.903 0.000

BALANCE 3.849 2.595 -0.992 -1.471 -0.992 2.114 1.425

CARRY
OVER -1.348 -0.496 1.297 0.000 1.057 -0.496 0.000
 BALANCE 1.102 0.743 -0.676 -1.003 -0.676 0.598 0.403
CARRY
OVER -0.788 -0.338 0.371 0.000 0.299 -0.338 0.000

BALANCE 0.672 0.453 -0.192 -0.286 -0.192 0.370 0.249

CARRY
OVER -0.225 -0.096 0.227 0.000 0.185 -0.096 0.000

BALANCE 0.192 0.129 -0.118 -0.175 -0.118 0.106 0.071

CARRY
OVER -0.138 -0.059 0.065 0.000 0.053 -0.059 0.000

BALANCE 0.118 0.079 -0.034 -0.050 -0.034 0.065 0.044

FINAL
48.189 -48.189 135.510 ### -4.515 16.190 136.731
MOMENTS

BENDING MOMENT CALCULATION

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB AC CARRYING UDL 68.25 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT A 151.8563 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT C 303.7125 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT E 303.7125 KN

FOR HORIZONTAL SLAB BD CARRYING UDL 76.40 KN/M2

VERTICAL REACTION AT B 169.9948 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT D 339.9897 KN

VERTICAL REACTION AT F 339.9897 KN

FOR VERTICAL MEMBER AB, THE HORIZONTAL REACTION AT A IS FOUND BY TAKING MOMENT AT B

Ha 3.4471205 KN

Hb 3.7348795 KN

TOP SLAB

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT MID SPAN Mac 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 77.0904 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT MID SPAN Mce 168.94 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 51.7088 KNM

BOTTOM SLAB
FOR SPAN BD, BM AT MID SPAN Mbd 189.119 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 84.4869 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT MID SPAN Mdf 189.119 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 60.3659 KNM

SIDE WALL

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT MID SPAN Mab 2.69325 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 54.9595 KNM

ANGLE OF INTERNAL FRICTION 30 DEGREES

LIVE LOAD 47 KN/M2

SUPER IMPOSED DEAD LOAD 10 KN/M2

UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL 18 KN/M3

NUMBER OF SIDE WALLS 4

DENSITY OF WATER 9.81 KN/M3

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO DEAD LOAD 3.33 KN/M2

LATERAL PRESSURE DUE TO SOIL 5.994 H

TRIANGULAR PORTION 11.448 KN/M2

WATER PRESSURE 29.43 KN/M2

DF
0.29
 0.29
0.43

0.43
0.29
0.29

0.40
0.60

0.40
0.40

Mfeg -112.63 KNm

Mfge 112.63 KNm

Mffh 126.08 KNm

Mfhf -126.08 KNm

Mfef -0.94 KNm

Mffe 2.65 KNm

D B F E

DB BD BA FD EC

-126.080 126.080 2.654 ### 112.627

0.287 0.403 0.597

0.000 -51.839 -76.895 0.000 0.000

-25.920 0.000 33.917 0.000 0.000

7.441 -13.658 -20.259 0.000 0.000

-6.829 3.721 11.483 3.721 -4.868

1.018 -6.122 -9.081 0.000 0.000

-3.061 0.509 4.005 0.509 -2.823

1.425 -1.818 -2.697 0.000 0.000

-0.909 0.713 1.925 0.713 -0.736

 0.403 -1.062 -1.575 0.000 0.000

-0.531 0.202 0.551 0.202 -0.501

0.249 -0.303 -0.449 0.000 0.000

-0.152 0.125 0.336 0.125 -0.143

0.071 -0.186 -0.275 0.000 0.000

-0.093 0.036 0.096 0.036 -0.088

0.044 -0.053 -0.079 0.000 0.000

-152.921 56.343 -56.343 ### 103.468

TAKING MOMENT AT B

FOR SPAN AC, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mac 32.44 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 131.095 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 98.65 KNM

FOR SPAN CE, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 32.44 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 129.603 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 97.16 KNM

FOR SPAN BD, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mbd 36.31 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 148.038 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 111.72 KNM

FOR SPAN DF, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mce 36.31 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 135.925 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 99.61 KNM

FOR SPAN AB, BM AT SUPPORT FACE Mab 4.18 KNM

FIXING MOMENT 55.7319 KNM

NET MAXIMUM BM 51.55 KNM

Rn 11.448 KN

Mx 10.5894 KNm

RECTANGL 1.871 KNm

TRIANGLE 2.30776 KNm

DESIGN OF TOP SLAB

THE SECTION IS DESIGNED FOR A MAXIMUM MOMENT OF 3 CASES 77.0904 KNM

PROVIDE A OVERALL DEPTH OF 400 MM

EFFECTIVE COVER 50 MM

EFFECTIVE DEPTH 350 MM

GRADE OF CONCRETE 25 N/MM2

GRADE OF STEEL 415 N/MM2

TENSION AT THE INNER FACE ( TOWARDS WATER SIDE) 150 N/MM2

K 0.28400955

J 0.90533015

R 0.89992842

MOMENT OF RESISTANCE
Mr 110241231
110.241231 KNM > 77.0904 KNM

HENCE THE ASSUMED DEPTH IS SAFE

Ast required 1621.94 MM2

USING 20MM DIA. BARS HAVING AREA = 314MM2

SPACING OF BARS NEEDED 193.596 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 20MM DIA @ 150MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS MAIN REINFORCEMENT

BEND HALF THE BARS UP NEAR SUPPORTS AT A DISTANCE OF (L/5) FROM EDGES

0.89
0.9 M

AREA OF DISTRIBUTION STEEL 0.2 %

Ast 900 MM2

AREA ON EACH FACE 450 MM2

SPACING OF 10MM DIA BARS 174.444 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 10MM DIA @ 150MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT

SECTION AT SUPPORTS

MAX. BENDING MOMENT 98.65 KNM

SINCE STEEL AT TOP, TENSILE STRESS 190 N/MM2

K 0.2385

J 0.9205

R 1.0976

Ast 1611.65 MM2

Ast provide 2093.33 MM2

AREA AVAILABLE FROM THE BARS BENT UP FROM THE MIDDLE SECTION

1046.667 MM2 > 1611.65 MM2

HENCE THESE BARS WILL NOT SERVE THE PURPOSE.HENCE ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT IS NEEDED

REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED 564.981 MM2

USING 16MM DIA. BARS HAVING AREA 201 MM2

SPACING OF BARS NEEDED 355.764 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 16MM DIA @ 200MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT

M 8.5

σcbc 7 N/MM2
MENT IS NEEDED
DESIGN OF BOTTOM SLAB

THE SECTION IS DESIGNED FOR A MAXIMUM MOMENT OF 3 CASES 84.487 KNM

SINCE TENSION IS TOWARDS WATER SIDE, TENSILE STRESS 150 N/MM2

K 0.28401
M 8.5
J 0.90533
σcbc 7 N/MM2
R 1.28561

d2 65717.3 MM2

REQUIRED DEPTH, d 256.354 MM

280 MM

PROVIDE A OVERALL BOTTOM SLAB DEPTH OF 450 MM

EFFECTIVE COVER 75 MM

EFFECTIVE DEPTH 375 MM

Ast required 1659.05 mm2

USING 20MM DIA. BARS HAVING AREA = 314MM2

SPACING OF BARS NEEDED 189.265 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 20MM DIA @ 150MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS MAIN REINFORCEMENT

BEND HALF THE BARS UP NEAR SUPPORTS AT A DISTANCE OF (L/5) FROM EDGES

0.89
0.9 M

AREA OF DISTRIBUTION STEE 0.2 %

Ast 900 MM2

AREA ON EACH FACE 450 MM2

SPACING OF 10MM DIA BARS 174.444 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 10MM DIA @ 150MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT

SECTION AT SUPPORTS

MAX. BENDING MOMENT 111.72 KNM

SINCE STEEL AT TOP, TENSILE STRESS 190 N/MM2

K 0.23848

J 0.92051

R 1.0976
 Ast 1703.46 MM2

Ast prov 2093.33 MM2

AREA AVAILABLE FROM THE BARS BENT UP FROM THE MIDDLE SECTION

1046.67 MM2 > 1703.46 MM2

HENCE THESE BARS WILL NOT SERVE THE PURPOSE.HENCE ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT IS NEEDED

REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED 656.79 MM2

USING 16MM DIA. BARS HAVING AREA = 201MM2

SPACING OF BARS NEEDED 306.034 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 16MM DIA @ 200MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT

NFORCEMENT
RCEMENT IS NEEDED
DESIGN OF SIDE WALL

THE SECTION IS DESIGNED FOR A MAXIMUM MOMENT OF 3 CASES 80.592 KNM

ECCENTRICITY 474.085 MM

LET THICKNESS OF THE SIDE WALL BE 350 MM

(e/D) 1.35453 < 1.5

HENCE SAFE

SINCE TENSION IS TOWARDS WATER SIDE, TENSILE STRESS 150 N/MM2

K 0.38347719

J 0.87217427

R 1.67229469

EFFECTIVE COVER 50 MM

EFFECTIVE DEPTH 300 MM

Ast required 1777.08 MM2

USING 16MM DIA. BARS HAVING AREA = 201MM2

SPACING OF BARS NEEDED 113.107 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 16MM DIA @ 110MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS MAIN REINFORCEMENT

AREA OF DISTRIBUTION STEEL 0.2 %

Ast 700 MM2

AREA ON EACH FACE 350 MM2

SPACING OF 10MM DIA BARS 224.286 MM

HENCE PROVIDE 10MM DIA @ 200MM CENTRE TO CENTRE AS DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT

Let us reinforce the section with 16 mm F bars @

in fig xxx . With cover of 50 mm and D =
1000 3.14 x 16 x
Asc = Ast = x
110 4
The depth of N.A. is computed from following expression:
b n n + (m - 1)Asc 1 (n - dc)(D - dt- dc)
3 3 n
b n + (m -1) n - dc D - dt - n
- m Ast
n n

1000 n n
0 - 50 - +
or 2 3
1000 n+ 1826.91
8 x x n -
2 n
 n
500 n -50 - + n -
3
14615.3
500 n+ x n - 50 -
n

-25000 n - 166.667 n2 + -1461527.2727273

730763.636363637
500 n + 14615.2727272727 -
n
multiply by n
-25000 n2 - 166.667 n3 + -1461527.2727273
500 n2 + 14615.2727272727 n- 730763.636363637

-25000 n2 - 166.667 n3 + -1461527.2727273

-25000 n2 + -1552873 n -

0 n2 - -3014400 n -

0 n2 + -18086 n - -411055
Solwing this trial and error we get, n = 97.29
8 x
\ c' = ( 500 x 97.29 +
97.29
x ( 0 - 50 -

or 48645 + 150.224 x 47.29 -

0
\ c' = = 7.40 <
80641
m c' 9 x
Also stress in steel =t (D-dc-n) =
n 97.29
= 138.8 N/mm2 < 190 N/mm2
Stress in steel is less than permissiable
 AND 169.99 KN

M 9.33

σcbc 10 N/MM2

110 mm c/c provided on both faces, as shown

350 mm
16
= 1827 mm2
ng expression:

D
= e + - dt
2

1826.91
8 x x n - 50 x
n
1826.91
50 - 9 x x 0 - 50
n
 -1461527.2727273
50 x
n
= 0 + -50
16442.2
x -50 - n
n

-73076363.6363636
-
n
= -50
-822109.09090909
- + 16442.2
n

n - -73076363.6363636
= -50
- -822109.09090909 + 16442.2 n

n - -73076363.6363636
= 0
4567273

68509091 = 167 n3

-411055 = n3
mm
1826.91 9 x 1826.91
( 97.29 - 50 ) -
97.29 97.29
97.29 )

169.002 x -147.29 = 80641

10 N/mm2 Stress is less than permissiable
7.40
x ( 0 - 50 - 97.29 )
97.29
O.K.
ess than permissiable Hence section is O.K.
-100

- n
ble
 Table 1.15. PERMISSIBLE DIRECT TENSILE STRESS
Grade of M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Tensile
stress 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
N/mm2

Table 1.16.. Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

GradePermission stress in compression (N/mm2)Permissible stress in bond
of (Average) for plain bars in
Bending acbc Direct (acc) tention (N/mm2)
concret
e (N/mm2) Kg/m 2
(N/mm2) Kg/m 2
(N/mm2) in kg/m2
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Table 1.18. MODULAR RATIO

Grade of M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular 31 19 13 11 9 8 7
(18.67) (13.33) (10.98) (9.33) (8.11) (7.18)
(31.11)

Table 2.1. VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 Grade of concrete M
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13 tbd
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
(a) sst kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
= 140 jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
N/mm2
(Fe Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254
250) Pc (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329
(b) sst jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
= 190 Rc
N/mm2 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127
(c ) sst kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289
= 230 jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904
N/mm2
Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698
(Fe
415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816
Shear stress tc Reiforcement % Value of angle
100As 100As Degree sin cos tan
M-20 M-20
bd bd 10 0.17 0.98 0.18
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 11 0.19 0.98 0.19
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 12 0.21 0.98 0.21
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 13 0.23 0.97 0.23
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 14 0.24 0.97 0.25
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 15 0.26 0.97 0.27
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 16 0.28 0.96 0.29
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 17 0.29 0.96 0.31
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 18 0.31 0.95 0.32
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 19 0.33 0.95 0.34
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 20 0.34 0.94 0.36
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 21 0.36 0.93 0.38
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 22 0.37 0.93 0.40
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 23 0.39 0.92 0.42
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 24 0.41 0.92 0.45
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 25 0.42 0.91 0.47
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 30 0.50 0.87 0.58
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 35 0.57 0.82 0.70
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 40 0.64 0.77 0.84
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 45 0.71 0.71 1.00
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 50 0.77 0.64 1.19
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 55 0.82 0.57 1.43
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 60 0.87 0.50 1.73
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 65 0.91 0.42 2.14
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25
0.5 0.30
0.51 0.30
0.52 0.30
0.53 0.30
0.54 0.30
0.55 0.31
0.56 0.31
0.57 0.31
0.58 0.31
0.59 0.31
0.6 0.32
0.61 0.32
0.62 0.32
0.63 0.32
0.64 0.32
0.65 0.33
0.66 0.33
0.67 0.33
0.68 0.33
0.69 0.33
0.7 0.34
0.71 0.34
0.72 0.34
0.73 0.34
0.74 0.34
0.75 0.35
0.76 0.35
0.77 0.35
0.78 0.35
0.79 0.35
0.8 0.35
0.81 0.35
0.82 0.36
0.83 0.36
0.84 0.36
0.85 0.36
0.86 0.36
0.87 0.36
0.88 0.37
0.89 0.37
0.9 0.37
0.91 0.37
0.92 0.37
0.93 0.37
0.94 0.38
0.95 0.38
0.96 0.38
0.97 0.38
0.98 0.38
0.99 0.38
1.00 0.39
1.01 0.39
1.02 0.39
1.03 0.39
1.04 0.39
1.05 0.39
1.06 0.39
1.07 0.39
1.08 0.4
1.09 0.4
1.10 0.4
1.11 0.4
1.12 0.4
1.13 0.4
1.14 0.4
1.15 0.4
1.16 0.41
1.17 0.41
1.18 0.41
1.19 0.41
1.20 0.41
1.21 0.41
1.22 0.41
1.23 0.41
1.24 0.41
1.25 0.42
1.26 0.42
1.27 0.42
1.28 0.42
1.29 0.42
1.30 0.42
1.31 0.42
1.32 0.42
1.33 0.43
1.34 0.43
1.35 0.43
1.36 0.43
1.37 0.43
1.38 0.43
1.39 0.43
1.40 0.43
1.41 0.44
1.42 0.44
1.43 0.44
1.44 0.44
1.45 0.44
1.46 0.44
1.47 0.44
1.48 0.44
1.49 0.44
1.50 0.45
1.51 0.45
1.52 0.45
1.53 0.45
1.54 0.45
1.55 0.45
1.56 0.45
1.57 0.45
1.58 0.45
1.59 0.45
1.60 0.45
1.61 0.45
1.62 0.45
1.63 0.46
1.64 0.46
1.65 0.46
1.66 0.46
1.67 0.46
1.68 0.46
1.69 0.46
1.70 0.46
1.71 0.46
1.72 0.46
1.73 0.46
1.74 0.46
1.75 0.47
1.76 0.47
1.77 0.47
1.78 0.47
1.79 0.47
1.80 0.47
1.81 0.47
1.82 0.47
1.83 0.47
1.84 0.47
1.85 0.47
1.86 0.47
1.87 0.47
1.88 0.48
1.89 0.48
1.90 0.48
1.91 0.48
1.92 0.48
1.93 0.48
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
Table 3.1. Permissible shear stress Table tc in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tc N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Table 3.2. Facor k

Over all depth of slab
300 or more 275 250 225 200 175 150 or less
k 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30

Table 3.3. Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5

Table 3.4. Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete10
M 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
tbd (N / mm -- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3

Table 3.5. Development Length in tension

Grade
of Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars
concret tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
e
M 15 0.6 58 0.96 60
M 20 0.8 44 1.28 45
M 25 0.9 39 1.44 40
M 30 1 35 1.6 36
M 35 1.1 32 1.76 33
M 40 1.2 29 1.92 30
M 45 1.3 27 2.08 28
M 50 1.4 25 2.24 26
 Value of angle
tan Degree sin cos
0.18 10 0.17 0.98
0.19 11 0.19 0.98
0.21 12 0.21 0.98
0.23 13 0.23 0.97
0.25 14 0.24 0.97
0.27 15 0.26 0.97
0.29 16 0.28 0.96
0.31 17 0.29 0.96
0.32 18 0.31 0.95
0.34 19 0.33 0.95
0.36 20 0.34 0.94
0.38 21 0.36 0.93
0.40 22 0.37 0.93
0.42 23 0.39 0.92
0.45 24 0.41 0.92
0.47 25 0.42 0.91
0.58 30 0.50 0.87
0.70 35 0.57 0.82
0.84 40 0.64 0.77
1.00 45 0.71 0.71
1.19 50 0.77 0.64
1.43 55 0.82 0.57
1.73 60 0.87 0.50
2.14 65 0.91 0.42
150 or less

e (IS : 456-2000)
50
1.4