Machine Design

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TA B L E O F CO N T EN TS
U
c o N V ER S I ®
C O N V E RS IO N S
C O N V E R S IO N S
IL I N E A R
S T A T U T E M IL E 52 8 0 fe e t
17 6 0 y a r d s
N A U T IC A L M I L E = 6 080 fe e t
LEA G U E 3 N A U T IC A L M I L E S
18 2 4 0 fe e t
YA R D 3 fe e t
0 9 14 4 m
M ET ER 10 0 c m
10 0 0 m m
3 2 8 fe e t
1 09 3 ya rd
FO O T 1 2 in c h e s
IN C H 2 54 c m
25 4 m m
RO D 5 5 ya rd s
16 5 f e e t
F U R LO N G 4 0 ro d s
22 0 ya rds
CA B L E L E N G T H 7 2 0 fe e t
FA T H O M 6 fe e t
S PA N 9 in c h e s
1 V A RA 3 3 3 3 in c h e s
M IL 0 0 0 1 in c h
A REA
@@i b
H E C T A R E (h a ) 10 00 0 s q m
11 96 0 s q Ya r d s
1 A CRE 4 3 56 0 s q Ya r d s
4 046 8 sq m
0 4 04 7 he c ta r e
1 S Q UA R E M ET E R 1 0 7 6 s q Fe e t
1 1 9 5 s q Ya r d
@ LUM E
Q UA R T 2 p in t s
U S G A L LO N 231 c u In c h e s
= 3 7 8 5 4 lit e rs
4 q u a rts
B R IT IS H G A L L O N = 27 7 4 2 c u In c he s
C U M ET E R 10 0 0 l it e rs
= 35 31 c u Fe e t
2 6 4 2 U S g a llo n
CU FE ET 7 4 8 U S g a ll o n
2 8 3 2 l it e r s
17 2 8 c u In c h
GA NTA = 3 l it e rs
8 h u pa s
c
CAVA N 2 5 ga n ta s
A NG L E
60 D EG R EES 2 n r a d ia n s
40 0 gra ds
6 4 0 0 m il s
= 1 re v
90 D EG 10 0 g r a d
D EG = 6 0 m in
M IN = 60 se c
A - Z M A C H I N E D ES I G N R EV IEW ER b y JA S T O R D I L LO
s t p ten @t h o f m a t e m a l s q
t h e a b ilit y o f a m a t e r ia l t o w it h s t a n d lo a d
St re n gt h o f M a t e r ia ls (M e c h a n ic s o f M a t e r ia ls )
it h o b e h a v io f lo a de d m a t e r i a ls
w u t f a i l u r e o r d e a l s w it h t h e e la s t ic u r o
/b kg k¥
fo it is a ls o d e f in e d a s t he u n it st re n gt h o f
St re ss rce o r lo a d pe r u n it a rea , ' '
z
i tl 11 1 rt r
a m a t e r ia l o r t he de fo rm in g f o r c e a c t in g o n a b o dy
m Pr i m a ry Ty p e s o f St r e s s :
A No l St r e s s , O t h e a r e a is n o r m a l t o t h e f o r c e c a r r ie d
rm a ,
B Sh e a r St r e ss, T, t h e a r e a is p a r a l le l t o t he fo rce
F
>
No rm a l Stre ss S he a r S t re s s
U lt i m a t e St r e s s (S u ) st r e ss t ha t w o u ld ca u se f a il u re
Y i e l d St re ss (S y ) m a x im u m st r e ss w it h o u t c a u s in g de fo rm a t io n (w it h i n e la s t i c l i m it )
A llo w a b l e St r e ss (o r sa fe st re ss )
Ultim a te St r e s s
Fa c to r o t S c t Fe t D F S )
Ultim a te St r e s s
=
D es ig n F cr c t o r
D e s ig n St r e ss (S D ) st r e ss u se d in t he d e t e rm in in g t he s iz e o f a m e m be r ( a l lo w a b le st re ss
le s s )
FS FS
W o r k i n g St r e ss (Sw ) · st re ss a ct u a l ly o c c u r r in
g u n de r o pe r a t in g co n d it i o n s
En d u ra n ce Li m i t o r Fa t ig u e L i m i t (S . . S . )
= m a x im u m stre ss t ha t w i ll n o t c a u se f a ilu re w he n t he fo rce is re v e rse d i n d e f i n i t e ly
Re s i d u a l St r e s s in t e l in h e r e nt t r a ppe d lo c k e d bo dy
rn a , , , u p stre ss t ha t e x is t s w it h i n
o t he r t ha n e x t e
m a t e r ia l lt f t h in g s l lo d in g
a s a re su o rn a a su c h a s co ld w o r k in g ,
he a t in g
co o li n g ,
e tc h in g ,
re pe a t e d s t r e s s i n g a n d e le c t r o p la t i n g

Machine Design

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Machine Design

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