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Procedia Engineering 111 (2015) 626 – 631

XXIV R-S-P seminar, Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering (24RSP) (TFoCE 2015)

The analysis of slab and beam floor

with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement
Denis A. Panfilovª*, Alexander A. Pischuleva
ª Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Molodogvardeyskaya St, 194, Samara, 443001, Russia

Abstract

The paper presents calculations of monolith slab and beam floor with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement. The numerical mod-
eling of the slab is performed with PC “Lira-SAPR 2013”. The paper describes finite elements used in calculations, the condi-
tions of the slab reinforcement, concrete and wire rope reinforcement connections. The calculation results are shown as stress
isofields in concrete and steel elements of the slab. The paper also estimates pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement efficiency
when used in slab and beam floor. The authors compare stress and strain condition of typical monolith slab and beam floor with
reinforcement bars and slab and beam floor with wire rope reinforcement while changing intermediate slab thickness. The results
are presented as a finite element model of monolith slab and beam floor with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement and with
untensioned reinforcement.
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Peer-review under responsibility of organizing committee of the XXIV R-S-P seminar, Theoretical Foundation of Civil
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Engineering
Peer-review (24RSP)
under responsibility of organizing committee of the XXIV R-S-P seminar, Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering (24RSP)

Keywords: Reinforced concrete structures; Slab and beam floor; Wire rope reinforcement; After-stress condition; Stress and strain condition;
Deformation.

1. Introduction

Nowadays monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement are used
in Russia widely. The technology of pre-stressing monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete has also being
used in the USA, Europe, Japan and China for several decades. These slabs are used in 80% of structures in residen-
tial building [23]. The interest and popularity of these constructions grow every day. According to the authors’ opin-
ion the main advantage of using pre-stressed reinforcements in monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete is
the enlarged bay size. It allows to take advantage of usable floor area of the structure free layout. Besides, it is also
of comparatively low materials-output ratio. Among disadvantages of these constructions we can mention high la-
bour coefficient and high demands to workers’ qualifications and very few papers describing these constructions and
their use [15-19]. There are still several methods of calculating these constructions [24-25], though they do not cov-

Corresponding author. Tel.:+7-909-343-1986

E-mail address: panda-w800i@ya.ru

1877-7058 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of organizing committee of the XXIV R-S-P seminar, Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering (24RSP)
doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.057
 Denis A. Panfilov and Alexander A. Pischulev / Procedia Engineering 111 (2015) 626 – 631 627

er the numerical modeling of monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete with pre-stressed wire rope rein-
forcement in up-to-date program complexes.
The aim of this research is to develop the existing methods [1-14], analyze pre-stressed condition of monolith in-
termediate slabs of reinforced concrete with wire ropes and describe the methods of these constructions modelling in
up-to-date program complexes (“Lira-SAPR 2013” is taken as an example). The presented method of calculating a
finite element model can be also used in other program complexes.
The paper aims to find solutions for the following:
x To give account for the theoretical background of calculating pre-stressed condition of monolith intermediate
slabs of reinforced concrete with wire ropes (published in both Russian and foreign regulatory documents, stand-
ards and research papers);
x To construct a finite element model in “Lira-SAPR 2013” PK;
x To estimate results yielded by numerical modelling in linear and non-linear arrangements;
x To analyse slab and beam floor deflections and their dependence on bearing distance and wire rope reinforcement
pre-stressing.

2. Calculating monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete with pre-stressed reinforcement

The paper studies monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement
with various bay size (6х6m, 9х9m, 12х12m and 16х16m). Intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete here are out-
line slabs situated in columns lines, secondary slabs supported by outline slabs with a definite step and the floor
structure itself. Pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement is located in the slabs. Cross sectional area was assigned ac-
cording to the recommendations [20-22] and is shown in Table 1.

Table 1. A finite element model assigning cross sectional area.

Step of secondary slabs, Slab height, Slab thickness

The floor structure Slab siding,
H=1/15L.. 1/20L, t=1/40L…1/4
L, m l=1/3L…1/4L, m B=1/2H…1/3H, m
m 5L, m
6.0 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.15
9.0 2.25 0.6 0.3 0.2
12.0 3.0 0.8 0.4 0.3
16.0 4.0 1.0 0.5 0.35

Figure 1 shows the finite element model.

Fig. 1. The finite element model (view from below).

628 Denis A. Panfilov and Alexander A. Pischulev / Procedia Engineering 111 (2015) 626 – 631

Floor slabs reinforcing was performed while using pre-stressed wire ropes enveloped parabolically. Wire ropes
anchoring was done in the outline slabs upper zone.
Monolith reinforced concrete slab and beam floor calculating was done in linear and non-linear arrangements.
Outline and secondary slabs modeling as well as the floor slab modeling was performed while using sheet-like fi-
nite elements with pre-determined thickness and physical characteristics (FEA 41 – envelope universal rectangular-
shaped finite element); wire rope reinforcement modeling was performed while using core finite elements (FEA 10
–universal spatial core finite element). Rectangular-shaped finite element slabs and spatial core finite element slabs
combined work was carried out while merging compound units vertical transition.
According to the authors’ research, the most appropriate way of using the program complexes “Lira-SAPR 2013”
(taking into account its limited capacity) is to assign pre-stress to wire rope reinforcement in non-linear arrange-
ments. To do that we firstly change a type of the finite element into physically non-linear (as FEA 208 is a physical-
ly non-linear special two-unit pre-stressed FEA) and then we apply the load (the force in our case) to it. The force
value here is equal to wire rope breaking force which is less than 0.8N.
To estimate stress and strain condition we compared the calculation results of different finite elements models
with the same intended load (with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement and without pre-stressed wire rope rein-
forcement).
The intermediate slab stress and strain condition of the construction in question and floor slab deflections are
shown in Figure 2.
Figures 3 and 4 show dependency diagrams of the deflection in the structure with pre-stressed wire rope rein-
forcement (fn) compared to that of the structure without pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement (f) with different stress
degrees of the reinforcement (Pp, kN), as well as diagrams of the deflection change in the structure with pre-stressed
wire rope (fn, mm) and its dependence on the external working load on the span (kN/m2) with stretching force
N=0.8Np for L=16.0m.
Table 2 shows the research combined results.

Table 2. The research combined results.

The deflection in the structure with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement compared to that of the
structure without pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement (fn/f) with different stress degrees of the
Span L, m reinforcement

0.3Pp 0.8Pp

6.0 0.87 0.58

9.0 0.89 0.62
12.0 0.95 0.67
16.0 0.98 0.69
 Denis A. Panfilov and Alexander A. Pischulev / Procedia Engineering 111 (2015) 626 – 631 629

а c

b d

Fig. 2. Stress and strain condition of the construction characteristics (a, c) and deflexions (b, d) in the floor slab with pre-stressed wire rope
reinforcement (on the right) and in the floor slab without pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement (on the left).
630 Denis A. Panfilov and Alexander A. Pischulev / Procedia Engineering 111 (2015) 626 – 631

Fig. 3. Dependency diagram of the deflexion in the structure with pre- Fig. 4. Diagrams of the deflexion change in the structure with pre-
stressed wire rope reinforcement (fn) compared to that of the structure stressed wire rope (fn, mm) and its dependence on the external work-
without pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement (f) with different stress ing load on the span (kN/m2) with stretching force N=0.8Np for
degrees of the reinforcement (Pp, kN) for L=16.0m. L=16.0m.

3. Conclusions

The research yielded the following conclusions: monolith intermediate slabs of reinforced concrete with pre-
stressed wire rope reinforcement considerably changes its stress and strain condition according to the reinforcement
intensity of stress. It influences intermediate slab deflection (up to 40%). Calculation programs capacity here is
limited and it is not possible to take crack formation into account. The analysis shows that non-linear concrete and
reinforcement properties influence the accuracy of deflection calculations.
Our further research with account of other works [1-14] will be aimed at improving existing methods of monolith
intermediate slab and beam floor with pre-stressed wire rope reinforcement under evenly distributed load and in-
cluding crack formation [1], non-linear diagrams of concrete deflection [2] and loading duration [13, 14].

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