CAD Manual Rev.5

QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Supporting Manuals
CAD Manual
Code: CAD
Revision number: 05
Revision date:16/05/2012
Engineering Division
ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System
MANUAL COVER SHEET REVISED SHEETS
THIS PAGE IS A RECORD OF ALL MANUAL REVISIONS. REVISED SECTIONS ONLY 

NORMALLY, EACH TIME THE MANUALS IS CHANGED ONLY ATTACHED 
THE NEW OR REVISED SECTIONS ARE ISSUED. ENTIRE MANUAL RE-ISSUED 
REVISED
THE NATURE OF THE REVISION IS BRIEFLY NOTED UNDER
REVISED SHEETS
REMARKS BUT THESE REMARKS ARE NOT A PART OF THE
MANUAL. THE REVISED SECTIONS BECOME PART OF THE REVIEW/COMMENTS 
ORIGINAL MANUAL AND SHALL BE COMPLETED WITHIN INFORMATION 
THEIR ENTIRETY. APPLICATION 
REVISION HISTORY APPROVALS SUMMARY Of CHANGE

Rev.
Date Pages Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by Remarks
no.
0 11/05/1999 60 E. Kadry E.N W.M
1 19/04/2001 60 E. Kadry W.M F. ElTaher
2 08/09/2003 60 E. Kadry W.M F. ElTaher Pages were indicated as Rev. 2
3 13/06/2007 69 M.E E.K. W.M Pages were indicated as Rev. 3
4 15/03/2009 71 M.E E.K. A.Elsayed Full Revision
5 16/05/2012 68 M.E E.K. M. Abd El Monem Full Revision
MANUAL CODE REV.

ECG ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS GROUP S.A. CAD MANUAL
CAIRO – EGYPT CAD 5
ECG FORM No. A416 Rev. 3/09 Page 1 of 68

MANUAL APPROVAL
APPROVALS
Signature
Name Mai Ehab E. Kadry M. AbdElMoneim
Position Division Coordinator COO - Engineering CEO & President
Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by
MANUAL DISTRIBUTION
DISTRIBUTION
COPY No. NAME LOCATION SIGNATURE/DATE
Original A. ElAyashy Library ………………………….
1 W. ElHennawy QAAD Manager ………………………….
Soft Copy (FTP) E. Sultan Alexandria Regional Office ………………………….
Soft Copy (FTP) M. AlSharkawi Abu Dhabi Regional Office ………………………….
Soft Copy (FTP) L. Farsakh Dubai Regional Office ………………………….
Soft Copy (FTP) Omer Bahgat Qatar Regional Office ………………………….
Soft Copy (FTP) Sherif Mourad Sudan Regional Office ………………………….
Page 2 of 68
ECG CAD MANUAL
(CAD)
Page 3 of 68
NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED, STORED
IN A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM
OR BY ANY MEANS, MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL,
PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING OR OTHERWISE
WITHOUT THE PRIOR PERMISSION OF ECG
ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 4 of 68

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE 6
1.1 Purpose
6T 7
1.2 Scope
6T 7
1.3 Usage
6T 7
1.4 Definition Of Terms And Terminology
6T 8 6T
SECTION 2: ORGANIZATION OF FILE IN DIRECTORIES STRUCTURE

6T 9 6T
2.1 Cad Files Types

6T 9
2.2 Project-Related
6T 9
2.3 Non Project-Related
6T 10
SECTION 3: SCIENTIFIC/ENGINEERING STUDY
6T 6T 11
3.1 Introduction
6T 11
3.2 Scope
6T 11
3.3 Limits
6T 11
3.4 Grid
6T 11
3.5 Lt Scale
6T 11
3.6 Text styles
6T 12
3.7 Dimension Styles
6T 12
SECTION 4: DRAWINGS PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION
6T 6T 13
4.1 Introduction
6T 13
4.2 Drawing Sheets
6T 13
4.3 Title Block Attribute Information
6T 13
4.4 Revisions
6T 16
4.5 Text Font Styles
6T 16
4.6 Dimension Styles
6T 17
4.7 Line Types
6T 17
4.8 Layers
6T 18
4.9 External References
6T 18
4.9.1 Using External References
6T 18
4.9.2 Updating Xrefs
6T 19
4.9.3 Command Options
6T 19
4.10 Symbols
6T 22
4.11 Plotting
6T 23
SECTION 5: APPENDICES
6T 6T 24
Appendix A: ECG’s Standard Drawing Sheets
Appendix B: Standard Layers for Each Discipline
Appendix C: Standard Symbols
Appendix D: Abbreviations
Appendix E: Drawing Numbering System
Appendix F: Worked Example
Appendix H: International System Units

Table of Contents
PREFACE
The services rendered by the ECG Engineering Consultants Group cover

almost the full spectrum of professional engineering services including
planning studies, engineering design, construction management,
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
operations training and start-up, supporting services, and geology/ 7
geotechnical investigation in all types of facilities, processes and
industrial complexes.
This work is often complex, involving the coordinated input of many

discreet disciplines within the Company and often represents significant
potential liabilities.
It is obvious that these varieties of responsibilities, disciplines, risks, and

personnel, must be managed within a framework, which would provide
an effective/productive management tool as well as being a training tool
for new employees. It is with this philosophy in mind that the Company
Operations and Division Manuals have been prepared. These Manuals
are organization manuals issued by ECG to establish policies and
procedures to improve the quality of work products. Other ECG
standard manuals include Technical Manuals. It took a long-time, great
effort and costs to provide you the information contained hereinafter.
As President of the ECG, I encourage you to see these manuals as an

information guiding resource. It should be the first place to look for
answers to your questions pertaining to the ECG's corporate policies
and procedures. While some procedures pertain to corporate-wide
functions; others pertain to interdepartmental matters.
Since this manual has the senior management's support and approval,
it is my hope that all the manual holders should ensure that its
information is kept current, and that their daily operations comply
with its stated policies and procedures.
Mohamed AbdElMoneim
President & CEO
May, 2012

Preface
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE
The purposes of producing this manual are mainly:
- To simplify the process of managing the drawing files

- To introduce procedures for preparation and presentation of ECG drawing
on AutoCAD.
- To provide an effective training tools for new engineers and draftsmen.
- To introduce quality control over users’ drawings.
1.2 SCOPE
The procedures, instructions and contents of this Manual cover topics

related to all Technical Division operations.
1.3 USAGE
This Manual is especially useful for all department and discipline engineers,
draftsmen, project engineers and project managers. This Manual is divided
into 5 major sections. Section 1 is this Introduction. Section 2 outlines
different types of CAD files and procedures for organizing file into
directories structure. Section 3 presents common setups for ECG prototype
drawings. Section 4 covers the standards and procedures for preparation of
ECG drawings on AutoCAD. It includes drawing sheets, scaling, plotting,
line types and ECG library of symbols. Section 5 includes the Appendices.
Soft copy of this manual is available on the ECG network (under the path
\\nas\quality$, full access to QAAD and read only to all disciplines) and
marked with uncontrolled copy excluding ECG forms. Also, a revision
sheet shall be attached at the front of the manual, indicating type of change
and its effective date, the pages affected, and the document title.
If you feel like suggesting a change, write a memorandum to the Librarian

describing the suggested revision in detail. A response to your suggestion
shall be communicated to you within two weeks.

Section 1: Introduction
1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND TERMINOLOGY
SHALL The word “Shall” indicate a mandatory requirements
SHOULD The word “Should” indicates a preferred course of action
MAY The word “May” indicates a possible course of action
FILE A collection of information stored under a single name on a

computer
CAD An acronym for Computer-Aided Design
ENTITY A geometric element of item of data on a CAD drawing.

Examples of entities include lines, arcs, circles, text, and
symbols
SYMBOL A collection of CAD entities stored under single name and

available for use on other drawings.
ATTRIBUTE Text or numeric data attached to symbol or entity on a

CAD drawing
LAYER A property of an entity on a CAD drawing commonly used

for classification and control visibility and manipulation.
EXTERNAL A file or drawing that can be displayed, as a background

REFERENCE but cannot be edited
MODEL A file describes a Subset of a building geometry and its

FILE physical components: walls, doors, windows, columns,
beams, outlets, duct, etc. The model file is drawn life-size.
DRAWING A file contains one or more scaled views of one or more

FILE models arranged within a frame and title block. Each
drawing file presents one or more plotted drawing.
PAPER A drawing environment allows displaying several different

SPACE view ports. You can move, scale, overlap, and arrange the
location and size of paper-space view ports, as you like.

Section 1: Introduction
SECTION 2: ORGANIZATION OF FILE IN DIRECTORIES STRUCTURE
To simplify the process of managing the drawing files, it is convenient to organize files
using a system of directories and sub-directories to group related files together.
Organizing related files in this way makes the operating system more efficient by
speeding up searches for a particular file.
All project’s files must be stored in the project directory in the server dedicated to the
project:
\\spa, n, nas\xxxx (where spa, n, nas refers to the server network drive
and xxxx refers to the project number)
The project directory is divided to sub-directories indicating the disciplines involved in

the project as described in the work instruction No. W-DOC-303:
The discipline directory must be divided to sub-directories for building names that
contain sub-directories indicate drawing type (e.g. plan, elevations, sections, etc.) and
floor level (e.g. ground, first, second, etc.)
Every Sheet file must include one or more drawing sheet . In case of more than one
sheet in the same file different layouts are to be used. Drawing file names must follow
the drawing number indicated in the project’s drawing list.
User must be attached to the dedicated server, project and discipline (e.g. mapping
network: \\ spa, n, nas\ xxx$) \\ spa, n, nas \xxx-arc or Struc …$ as mentioned in
W-DOC-303 prior commencing the work in the project.
2.1 CAD FILES TYPES
CADD files can be referenced by other CAD files to provide means of

sharing, coordinating, and revising data.
There are three (3) types of CAD files:

1. Model files (project-related)
2. Sheet files (project-related)
3. Library/standard details/stock files (non-project related)
2.2 PROJECT-RELATED
2.2.1 Model files

Model files should contain building geometry and its physical components
(walls, doors, windows, etc.) The files are full-size and not to scale.

Section 2: Organization of File in Directories Structure
2.2.2 Sheet files
Sheet files contain one or more views of model(s) and usually include a title
block with project/client/consultant information.
A sheet file is a ready-to-plot file that includes important parameters such as

scale, pen width, line types and weights.
2.3 NON PROJECT-RELATED
2.3.1 Library/standard details files

These files are used as source of information and are reused for various
projects. They include information for detailing, schedule, text database,
symbols, borders, template title blocks, etc.

Section 2: Organization of File in Directories Structure
SECTION 3: SCIENTIFIC/ENGINEERING STUDY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
When starting a new drawing, AutoCAD sets up the initial drawing

environment based on a prototype drawing.
ECG has created the prototype drawings for establishing the required
environment for specific types of drawings.
The prototype drawings contain the initial setups for system variables, text
styles, line types, custom layer names, dimension styles, limits and modes.
The following are the most important common setups for all prototype
drawings. These setups are suitable for drawings of scale 1:1 (life-size).
3.2 SCOPE
ECG standard drawing units are as follows:
One unit in model space = one meter

One unit in paper space = one millimeter
Unit style is decimal and other unit setups are as shown on the following
table:
Unit style Decimal

No. of digits 4
Style of angle measured Decimal degree
No. of fractional places for angles 2
Direction for angle 0 East 3 O’clock = 0
Angle measured Anti-clockwise
3.3 LIMITS
The paper space limits are initially setup to 1200 x 900 units, which can fit
for A4 to A0 size drawing sheets (1 unit = 1 mm).
No limits are provided for model space (limits OFF)
3.4 GRID
Grid is OFF
3.5 LT SCALE
The LTSCALE command is used to set the correct scale factor for desired
line types.
For ECG prototype drawings a global line type scale factor has been
initially set to 6.
The paper space line type scale (PSLTSCALE) is set to 1.
Section 3: Scientific Engineering Study
Note: The LTSCALE is set for the plotted appearance, not how the line
looks on screen.
3.6 TEXT STYLES
Prototype drawing files have the ECG standard text styles that can be used
in ECG drawings.
3.7 DIMENSION STYLES
Prototype drawings have the ECG standard dimension styles can be used in
ECG drawings.

Section 3: Scientific Engineering Study
SECTION 4: DRAWINGS PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
This part of CAD Drafting Manual covers the standards and procedures for
preparation of ECG drawings on AutoCAD. It includes drawing sheets,
scaling, plotting, line types and ECG library of symbols.
4.2 DRAWING SHEETS
The blocks for A4 to A0 size drawing sheets are prepared as AutoCAD

blocks that can be inserted into any drawing. They are drawn at full size
(scale 1:1) in millimeters
Drawing sheets must be inserted in paper space with scale factor 1.
All drawing sheet blocks are now updated on the server and named as follows:
ECG-A0 DWG ECG Form No. E000 for A0 size sheet

Insertion point for the above named files shall be (0,0) which corresponds
to the bottom left corner of the drawing frame.
Appendix A shows ECG’s standard drawing sheets.
Note: ECG sheets always be attached from the following path and never
copied from old projects.
4.3 TITLE BLOCK ATTRIBUTE INFORMATION
Directions for use:
• The ECG-Ax dwg (Ax= A0, A1, etc.) will be attached as external
reference (Xref) in your entire sheet drawings not inserted as block and
will contain the main info of the project. The info in this file is exclusive
to the management team (client, consultants, etc info)
• TITLE_BLOCK_Ax.dwg will be inserted as block in all your sheet

drawings and contains variable information from one dept. to another.
• REV-ATTB_Ax.dwg is the revisions’ attribute and will also be inserted

as block in each of your sheet drawings.
• Fill in your initials as mentioned in the project PQP
• The new A0 ECG frame to be plotted on A0 size 860x1210mm, A1 size

605x860mm

Section 4: Drawings Preparation & Presentation
• Attributes should not be exploded and reused.
Path: \\nas\ECG-stand$\
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
No.
1 Project Name including the project logo if required
2 Client Name
3 Building Name such as (Main Building, Service Building,
Block No. 1,etc)
4 Drawing Name such as (Ground Floor Plan, Elevations,
Sections, …etc)
5 Drawing Sub-name such as (Part 1)
6 Project Number
7 Drawing Sheet Number according to ECG sheet numbering
system
8 Current Revision Code/Number
9 & 17 Revision Code/Number
10 & 18 Issuance dated (DD.MM.YY)
11 &19 Description of the purpose of issuance
12& 20 Initial of the person who draw/prepare the drawing.
13 & 21 Signature of the person who checked the drawing
14 & 22 Signature of the project engineer concerned of this part of
the project (if applicable)
15 & 23 Signature of the team leader who approved the drawing
16 & 24 Signature of the project manager who approved the drawing
25 Drawing Scale (1/100, 1/200, …etc)
26 AutoCAD File Path and Name
Note:
- Items from number (9) to (16) are the first revision row
- Items from number (17) to (24) are the later revision row(s)
- The value of item “BY” should be entered by AutoCAD
- The value of items “CHK BY”, “PROJ ENG’, “T.L”, “PM” & “DRWN BY” shall be
manually entered (by hand) in the current issue; and shall be entered by AutoCAD in
the previous issue(s).

4.4 REVISIONS
The Drawings/Documents shall be given alphabetic Revision Codes starting

with letter “A” up to the stage where the drawing reached “Issued for
Tender” status. The Tender Issue and subsequent revisions shall be given
numeric revision codes starting with number “0”.
The letters “I” and “O” shall not be used as revision codes.
The first revision row is part of the main title block attributes and can be
entered at the time of insertion of the sheet block or at a future time using
the ATTEDIT command.
All revisions must be clouded on the Base drawing (Model Space) and
should have a revision triangle positioned next to the cloud. With the
revision code.
Current revision clouds and triangles are to be drawn on layers “x-SYMB-

CLOUD-n” & “x-SYMB-REV-n” successively, Where “x” is the discipline
code and “n” is the current revision number. The layers for superseded
revision clouds must be OFF. The superseded revision triangles must be ON.
Revision layer provide a history of drawing’s modifications.
4.5 TEXT FONT STYLES
ECG text styles use STENCIL font file.

The following text styles must be used when creating a text. The text style
choice must be suitable for used space and plotting scale.
For model space:
T25 1000 Text with height 2.5 mm in scale 1:1000

For paper space:
ECG CAD Manual (CAD)

Section 4: Drawings Preparation And Presentation Page 16 of 68
T19 Text with height 1.9 mm
All text shall be either parallel to the base or right hand side of the drawing
sheet.
ECG standard text height is 2.5 mm for the general text, and 3.5 mm for
Titles.
Other text types as T19 and T12 shall be used to replace T25 and T30 in
large drawing scales such as 1/200, 1/250, 1/500 and T45 shall be used only
for title blocks.
4.6 DIMENSION STYLES
Dimensions must be created in model space.
Before creating dimensions, the dimension style suitable for plotting scale
shall be determined.
The following styles are the ECG standard dimension styles that shall be
used in ECG drawings.
D1000 for scale 1:1000

D50 for scale 1:50
D25 for scale 1:25
D20 for scale 1:20
D10 for scale 1:10
D5 for scale 1:5
D2 for scale 1:20
D1 for scale 1:1
4.7 LINE TYPES
The standard AutoCAD file ACAD.LIN contains a library of line types that
are loaded into a drawing using LINETYPE command. These line types are
a combination of dash – dots that are controlled by the overall factor
(LTSCALE).

4.8 LAYERS
Layers are equivalent to the transparent overlays often used in manual

drafting. They are the primary organization tools in AutoCAD. Layers are
used to group information by function and to enforce linetype, color, and
other standards.
When a layer is created, it is given a unique identifying name.
AutoCAD layers are in precise alignment; a point on one layer will always
align perfectly with the same point on any other layer.
Each layer can be assigned its own unique combination of color and
linetype, and entities placed upon it will be rendered with the color and
linetype associated with that layer.
Related entities can be placed on a layer, so that the layer can be “ turned
off” and “turned on” in order to isolate portions of the drawing to view/plot
different portions in combination with others.
The visibility of a layer (or set of layers) can be regulated by either turning
the layer ON or OFF, or by FREEZING or THAWING it.
Layers turned off are still part of the drawing, but are not visible or plotted.
Layers that are frozen are excluded when drawing is regenerated, thus
increasing the speed of regeneration.
Layers can be turned on or thawed at any time.
Layer “0” is the default AutoCAD layer and should always remain
unchanged. Nothing should be drawn on Layer “0” and it should not be
freezed, thawed or turned off.
ECG prototype drawings have the standard common layers of each

discipline.
Note:
- ECG standard for bids to have different/unrelevant items on same layer.
- Also, for bids having floor related items (such as str columns) on
different layers on the same file.
In this case different xrefs should be used.
Appendix B shows the standard layers for each discipline.
4.9 EXTERNAL REFERENCES

4.9.1 Using External References

Using an external reference is like laying one drawing on top of another and
being able to see both at the same time. You can easily load and unload the
other drawing.
Xrefs Versus Blocks
An external reference (xref) links another drawing to the current drawing.

When you insert a drawing as a block, the block definition and all of the
associated geometry is stored in the current drawing database. It is not
updated if the original drawing changes. When you insert a drawing as an
xref, however, it is updated when the original drawing changes. A drawing
that contains xrefs, therefore, always reflects the most current editing of
each externally referenced file.
Like a block reference, an xref is displayed in the current drawing as a

single object. However, an xref does not significantly increase the file size
of the current drawing and cannot be exploded.
By attaching xrefs, you can
- Assemble a master drawing from component drawings that may undergo

changes as a project develops.
- Coordinate your work with the work of others by overlaying other
drawings on your drawing to keep up with the changes being made by
other users. If you’re only using the xref for reference, you may detach it
before plotting.
- Ensure that the most recent version of the referenced drawing is displayed.
When you open or plot your drawing, AutoCAD automatically reloads
each xref, so it reflects the latest state of the referenced drawing file.
- Create clipped boundaries of xrefs, to display only a specific section of
the xref file in the master drawing.
4.9.2 Updating Xrefs
When you open or plot your drawing, AutoCAD reloads each xref to reflect
the latest state of the referenced drawing. After you make changes to an
externally referenced drawing and save the file, other users can access your
changes immediately by reloading the xref.
4.9.3 Command Options
Attaching an External Reference
The first step is to attach the external reference, which is just another
drawing, to your current (host) drawing. When working with xrefs, you may
find it useful to use the Reference toolbar. To open the Reference toolbar,
right-click any toolbar and choose Reference.
To attach an xref, follow these steps:

1. Choose Attach Xref from the Reference toolbar (or choose Insert DWG
Reference) to start the XATTACH command. The Select Reference File
dialog box opens.
2. Choose the file you want to attach and click Open. The External
Reference dialog box shown opens. This dialog box displays the file
that you chose, along with its path (location).
3. Choose the type of xref that you want in the Reference Type section:
 Attachment: Use an attachment when you want to be sure that the

xref will be displayed if someone else xrefs your current drawing. In
other words, that person will see your current drawing, and your xref
will be nested within it.
 Overlay: Use an overlay when you’re sharing drawings in a
networked environment and you don’t want to change your drawing
by attaching an xref. If someone else attaches your drawing while
you’re working on it, the overlay is not displayed.
The External Reference dialog box.
• All Disciplines should attach any Drawings for coordination as

overlay so it won’t do a circular reference for any other Dept.
• Structure Dept. should always attach Arch. Drawings as
overlay.
4. From the Path Type drop-down list (only in 2006 version and up),
choose the type of path that you want to use:
 Full path: Specifies the full path of the xref drawing, including the
drive letter (such as c:).
 Relative path: Specifies only part of the xref drawing’s path,
assuming the current drive or folder. This option enables you to
move an xref to a different drive that has the same folder structure.

 No path: Uses the current folder of the host drawing. This option
enables you to use an xref when you move the drawing, for
example, when you send it to someone else with a different folder
structure. To make sure that the drawing can find the xref, ensure
that it is in the project files search path.
5. Use the bottom half of the dialog box to specify the insertion point, the
X, Y, and Z scale factors, and the rotation angle, either in the dialog box
or on-screen. These prompts are the same ones that you use when
inserting a block or file. As for ECG users xrefs should be inserted in
the (0,0,0) of the file on the World UCS, on layer XREF-n.
6. Click OK to attach the xref.
If your current view does not show the entire xref, do a ZOOM Extents.
Circular references
If drawing a includes drawing b as an xref and drawing b includes drawing a

as an xref, then you have a circular reference. Circular references can exist
among three or more xrefs when you have nested xrefs. The program detects
circular references and loads as much as it can.
If you try to load an xref in such a situation, you see the following message:
Warning: Circular reference from XREF to current drawing.

Circular reference(s) have been found. Continue? <N> Type y to continue
to load the xref.
Breaking circular reference from XREF to current drawing.
Binding XREFS
• Binding an xref to a drawing makes the xref a permanent part of the

drawing rather than an externally referenced file.
• The externally referenced information becomes a block.
Not updated when the externally referenced drawing is updated.

• Bind: When creating a block from the xref, this feature changes named
layers, text styles, dimension styles, and so on (called symbols) from the
format xref_name| symbol name to drawing name$#$symbol name,
where # is 0 if the same name does not exist in the current drawing or 1
if it already exists. In this way, no symbol names are duplicated. This
method enables you to keep track of where the symbols came from.
• Insert: When creating a block from the xref, this feature removes the
xref_name| portion of symbol names. For example, if a layer of that
name already exists in your drawing, objects on that layer take on the
properties of that layer, as defined in your drawing. The same applies to
text styles, dimension styles, and so on. This method removes the
complexity that arises with the xref naming of these symbols.

• P.s. Take a copy of the files on your PC before you start binding.
• If you have problems in binding your xrefs follow these steps to
resolve them:
1. PURGE both the drawing with the xrefs and each xref.
2. If you have nested xrefs that are unloaded, Orphaned, Not Found
or unreferenced you cannot bind them. The solution for the
unloaded is either to detach them or to change them from attach to
overlay. For the Not Found and Unreferenced try repathing the
xrefs and reloading them before binding.
3. Try to bind the xrefs one by one and close and open the xref dialog
box for each time and find if there is a specific drawing you cannot
bind.
4. If you find one or more xrefs that are not bound try to attach them
one by one into a new empty drawing. Now try to bind. This can
give you a hint of where the problem resides.
5. Check if there is a block in the xref file with the same name as the
xref itself or 2 xrefs with the same name. If so rename one of them.
6. There might be blocks with no name, you’ll have to name them.
7. Check if you have blocks with invalid names like "70/50/30" in the
xref you cannot bind. <>/\":?|,=` are invalid characters in block
names.
8. If the xref contains proxy objects there might be an "Invalid"
message.
To have a hint of if there are proxy objects (e.g. AecArchBase) and
what application have created them set the system variable
PROXYNOTICE to 1 and reopen the drawing. If a notice of proxy
objects are displayed try to find the missing application.
Then try blocking everything into a new drawing and attaching it
instead of the old.
9. Try to recover and audit both the drawing and the xref file.
10. Try do detach, attach and bind.
11. Try this on another PC. Sometimes a reboot has helped.
12. If nothing else is working detach the xref and insert it with
INSERT command. But first check the inserting point, scale,
rotation, layer, if it's clipped and so on.
The entire view rotates within the viewport. You may need to re-specify the
scale of the viewport.
4.10 SYMBOLS
Symbol is a defined group of entities in a drawing (block) as single unified

entity, which you may then replicate or modify as you see fit using
AutoCAD commands.
Symbols marked with (M) shall be inserted in model space.
Symbols marked with (P) shall be inserted in paper space.
All model space symbols were prepared to be inserted by scale factor (1)
when used with drawings at scale 1:100. For any other scale use the
following conversion factors:
Scale Conversion Scale Conversion

Factor Factor
1:1 0.01 1:10 0.1
1:100 1 1:2 0.02
1:20 0.2 1:200 2
1:5 0.05 1:50 0.5
1:500 5
Appendix C includes the standard symbols used in ECG drawings.
4.11 PLOTTING
To produce a hard copy output of a drawing on standard A4-A0 size sheets,

it is important to set the plotting parameters properly.
The ECG prototype files contain the necessary setting for plotting the
drawings.
The PLOT command shall be performed in the paper space environment.
In model space (while TILEMODE = 0) the “ZOOM XP” command shall
be used to scale each view port.
The following table shows the zoom xp factors proper to the different
plotting scales.
Scale Conversion Scale Conversion

Factor Factor
1:1 1000 1:2 500
1:5 200 1:10 100
1:20 50 1:25 40
1:50 20 1:100 10
1:200 5 1:500 2
1:800 1.25 1:1000 1
1:2000 0.50 1:2500 0.4
1:5000 0.20 1:10000 0.1
The plotting setting file for each discipline (discipline abbreviation .PCP)
should be loaded before plotting.
The PCP files for each discipline are prepared for two plotting sizes (full
size – Half size and smaller). The PCP files are stored in the following path:
\\nas\arclib$

SECTION 5: APPENDICES
Appendix A: ECG’s Standard Drawing Sheets
Appendix B: Standard Layers for Each Discipline
Appendix C: Standard Symbols
Appendix D: Abbreviations
Appendix E: Drawing Numbering System
Appendix F: Worked Example
Appendix H: International System Units

Section 5: Appendices Page 24 of 68
Appendix A
ECG’s Standard Drawing Sheets

Appendix A: ECG’s Standard Drawing Sheets Page 25 of 68
Appendix B: Standard Layers for each Discipline Page 30 of 68
APPENDIX B
STANDARD LAYERS FOR EACH DISCIPLINE

ARCHITECTURAL LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*AXESS LAYERS
A-AX-100 Axes & Center Lines for Scale 1/100 C-Line 3 0.18
A-AX-ATT-100 Axes Numbers for Scale 1/100 Continuous 7 0.25
A-AX-200 Axes & Center Lines for Scale 1/200 C-Line 3 0.18
A-AX-ATT-200 Axes Numbers for Scale 1/200 Continuous 7 0.25
*BASE OKAB LAYERS
A-WALL Structural & Block Walls Continuous 2 0.5
A-PART Movable Partitions & Dry Walls Continuous 1 0.25
A-COLS Structural Columns Continuous 7 0.25
A-DOOR Doors Continuous 5 0.25
A-WIN Windows, Elevation & Curtain Walls Continuous 4 0.25
A-STAIR Staircases & Stair Handrails Continuous 1 0.25
A-EL-PL-FRNT Sills & Roof/Floor Outlines in Same Level Continuous 1 0.25
A-EL-PL-BACK Roof Outlines in Lower Levels Continuous 3 0.18
A-BERG Pergolas Continuous 1 0.25

A-ROOF Roof Outlines Continuous 1 0.25
A-ROOF-DRAIN Roof Drain & Lines Indicating Slop Directions Continuous 1 0.25
A-FIXT Toilet Fixtures, Fittings, Drinking Fountains & Accessories Continuous 1 0.25
A-EXP-JOINT Expansion Joint Lines Continuous 9 0.18
A-FLOR-PATT Floor Patterns Continuous 1 0.25
A-FURN Furniture Continuous 1 0.25
A-AREA Poly Line for the Internal Net Area Continuous 7 0.25
A-CONTOUR Contour lines Continuous 3 0.18
*CEILING LAYERS
A-CLNG Reflected Ceiling Continuous 7 0.25
A-CLNG-HVAC HVAC Grills & Diffusers Continuous 7 0.25
A-CLNG-ELEC Electrical Fixtures Continuous 7 0.25
A-CLNG-SPEAK Speakers Continuous 7 0.25
A-CLNG-SPRINK Sprinklers Continuous 7 0.25

A-CLNG-DETCT Free Alarm Detectors Continuous 7 0.25
*SYMBOLS LAYERS
A-SYMB-DOOR Door Identification Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-WIN Window Identification Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-ROOM Room Number Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-LEVL Plan or Elevation Levels Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-ELEV Sections & Elevations Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-DET Details Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-CLOUD-n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB-RV-ATT Revision Triangle Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
A-SYMB Drawing Symbols (North Fixed Point & Coordinates) Continuous 7 0.25
*TEXT LAYERS
A-TEXT 21 Text Height 2.1 MM Continuous 3 0.2

LINE COLOR PEN
LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*DIMENSIONS LAYER
A-DIM All Dimensions Except Axes & Totals Continuous 7 0.25
A-DIM-AX-100 Axes & Totals Dimensions for Scale 1/100 Continuous 7 0.25
A-DIM-AX-200 Axes & Totals Dimensions for Scale 1/200 Continuous 7 0.25
*RENDER LAYERS
A-RINDR-CARS Render Layer for Cars Continuous 3 0.18
A-RINDR-ROAD Render Layer for Roads & Walkways Continuous 1 0.25
A-RINDR-SIGN Render Layer for Street Signs & Instructive Signs, Continuous 1 0.25
A-RINDR-TREE Render Layer for Plants and Trees Continuous 3 0.18
*ELEV. & SEC. LAYERS
A-ELEV Elevations & Sections Outlines Continuous 1 0.25
A-ELEV-FRNT Elevations & Sections Front Lines Continuous 6 0.35
A-ELEV-BACK Elevations & Sections Back Lines Continuous 3 0.18
A-ELEV-GLIEN Elevations & Sections Ground Line Continuous 14 0.7
*GENERAL LAYERS
A-DASH Dashed Lines Dline 21 0.25
A-HATCH Hatch Patterns Continuous 1 0.25
A-TONE Gray Solid Tone Continuous 40 40%
A-MLINE Match Line Mline 14 0.7
A-VPORT View Ports Borders Continuous 7 ---
A-FRAME Drawing Sheet Continuous 7 0.25
*KEY PLAN
A-KEY-PLAN Key Plan Continuous 7 0.25
A-KEY-PLAN Key Plan Match Lines Continuous 2 0.5
A-KEY-PLAN Key Plan Text Continuous 7 0.25

STRUCTURAL LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*AXESS LAYERS
S-AX-sn-f Building Main Axes (Where n= Scales & f = Floor No.) C-Line 3 0.15
S-AX-ATT-sn-f Axes Circles (where n=Scale & f=floor No.) Continuous 255 0.35
Axes Numbers Continuous 11 0.5
S-CENTER-sn Center Lines & Secondary Axes (Where n=Scale) C-Line 3 0.15
*BASE PLAN LAYERS

S-RC FOOT RC Footing Edges in Plan Continuous 1 0.35
S-PC FOOT PC Footing Edges in Plan Continuous 7 0.25
S-BEAM Beam & Slab Edges in Plan Continuous 1 0.35
S-TIE BEAM Tie Beam Edges in Plan Continuous 1 0.35
S-COL-f Column & RC Wall Edges in Plan (Where f=Floor Continuous 4 0.5
No.)
S-STAIR Stair Edges in Plan Continuous 1 0.35
S-STEP-sn Stair Steps in Plan (Where n=Scale) D-Line 241 0.25
S-OUTVOID-sn-f Outline of Void in Slabs or Walls (Where n=Scale & Continuous 1 0.35
f=Floor No.)
S-DVOID-sn-f Mark of Void in Slabs or Walls (Where n=Scale & D-Line 241 0.25
f=Floor No.)
S-DASH-sn Hidden Line in Plan & Elevation-Inverted Beam in D-Line 241 0.25
Plan (Where n=Scale)
*STEEL CONSTRUCTION LAYERS

S-STEEL-PLAN Steel Member Plan Continuous 1 0.35
S-STEEL-SEC Steel Member in Section Continuous 50 0.35
S-STEEL-ELEV Steel Member in Elevation Continuous 7 0.25
S-STEEL-DASH Hidden Lines in Plan & Elevation D-Line 241 0.25
*REINFORCEMENT LAYERS
S-RFTX Reinforcement in one Direction in Plan, Section and Continuous 2 0.7
Elevation
S-RFTY Reinforcement in the Other Direction in Plan, Continuous 6 0.7
Section & Elevation
S-STIRR Stirrups in Section & Elevation Continuous 112 0.35
*SYMBOLS LAYERS
S-SYMB Drawing Symbols (Leader-Slab Reinforcement Continuous 30 0.25
Symbol –TOC-Slab Thickness
S-SYMB-CLOUD-n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 7 0.25
S-SYMB-RY-ATT Revision Triangle Symbol Continuous 7 0.25
*TEXT LAYERS
S-TEXT25-sn Text Height 25 mm (Drawing Subtitle-Notes- Continuous 51 0.35
Reference Drawings-Issue-View Scale-Beam
S-TEXT35-sn-f Text Height 3.5 mm (Match Line – View Title- Continuous 230 0.35
Footing and Column Types)
S-TEXT45-sn Text Height 4.5 mm (Main Drawing Title) (Where Continuous 2 0.7
n= Scale or sn=p for Paper Mode & f=Floor No.)

STRUCTURAL LAYERS (CONTINUED)
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*DIMENSIONS LAYERS
S-DIM-AX-sn-f Axes Dimensions (Where n=Scale& f=Floor No.) Continuous 7 0.25
S-DIM-sn Dimensions (Where n=Scale) Continuous 7 0.25
*ELEVATION & SECTION LAYERS

S-CONC-SEC Section Border (Concrete Drawing) Continuous 4 0.5
S-RFT-SECT Section Border (Reinforcement Drawing) Continuous 7 0.25
S-ELEV Elevation Line (Concrete & Reinforcement Dwg.) Continuous 171 0.35
*GENERAL LAYERS
S-HATCH Hatching Patterns Continuous 7 0.25
S-TONE Solid Tone Continuous 60 0.1
S-MLINE-n Match Line (Where n=Scale) Continuous 2 0.7
S-TABLE Table Continuous 255 0.35
Table Continuous 2 0.7
Table Values Continuous 255 0.35
S-KEY PLAN Key Plan Continuous 7 0.25
S-FLOOR-OUT-f Outline of Floor Slab in Plan (Where f=Floor No.) Phantom 2 0.7
S-VPORT View port Borders-Extended Clip Continuous 7 -
S-SXF Drawing External References Insertion Layer Continuous 7 -
S-TEMP Unprinted Objects Continuous 2 -
S-FRAME Drawing Sheet Insertion Layer Continuous 7 0.25
Drawing Sheet Continuous 14 0.7
Drawing Sheet Continuous 11 0.5
FA –AXE-Fe Center Line C-Line 3 0.18

FA –AXN-Fe Axes Number (Attributes) Continuous 11 0.5
FA –AXN-Fe Center Line Circle Continuous 255 0.35
FA –COL-Fe Column & R.C. Wall Edges Continuous 4 0.5
FA –OUD-Fe Outline of Void in Slabs Continuous 1 0.35
FA –MUD-Fe Mark of Voids in Slabs D-Line 241 0.25
FA –TON-Fe Column & R.C. Wall Tone Continuous 60 10%
FA –MLN-Fe Match Line M-Line 2 0.7
FA –OUT-Fe Outline of Floor Slabs 12 0.7
FA –DIM-Fe Axes Dimensions Line Continuous 3 0.18
FA –DIM-Fe Axes Dimensions Text Continuous 7 0.25
FA –DIM-Fe Axes Dimensions DOT Continuous 7 0.25

MECHANICAL LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*SANITARY DRAINAGE
PD-SO Soil Pipe Continuous 150 0.6
PD-WP Waster Pipe Continuous 41 0.6
PD-VP Vent Pipe Hidden X2 240 0.5
PD-SWD Storm Water Drainage Continuous 211 0.6
PD-SYMB Symbols & Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
PD-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
*SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM
PW-CW Cold Water CW 150 0.6
PW-HW Hot Water HW 125 0.6
PW-HWR Hot Water Return HWR 122 0.5
PW-SYMB Symbols & Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
PW-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
PW-TEXT 35 Text Height 3.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
PW-TEXT 45 Text Height 4.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
*FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
F-F Stand Pipe Continuous 150 0.6
F-SP Sprinkler Head Continuous 125 0.5
F-CO2 CO2 Continuous 130 0.5
F-CAG Clean Agene Continuous 145 0.5
F-SYMB Symbols and Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
F-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5.mm Continuous 70 0.3
F-TEXT35 Text Height 3.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
F-TEXT45 Text Height 4.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
*POOLS & DECORATIVE FOUNTAINS
MP-CWS Water Supply Continuous 150 0.6
MP-CWR Water Supply Return Continuous 125 0.4
MP-OP Drain Pipe Continuous 220 0.6
MP-SYMB Symbols & Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
MP-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5.mm Continuous 70 0.3
MP-TEXT35 Text Height 3.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
MP-TEXT45 Text Height 4.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
*GAS SYSTEM
MG-GE Helium Continuous 150 0.5
MG-LPG Liquefied Petroleum Continuous 125 0.5
MG-O2 Oxygen Continuous 220 0.5
MG-CO2 Carbon Dioxide Continuous 210 0.5
MG-N2 Nitrogen Continuous 220 0.5
MG-NO2 Nitrous Dioxide Continuous 230 0.5
MG-A Argon 240 0.5
MG-AG Acetylene Continuous 60 0.5
MG-SYMB Symbols & Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
MG-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3
*COMPRESSED AIR & VACUUM
MC-CA Compressed Air Continuous 150 0.5
MC-VAC Calcium Continuous 125 0.5
MC-SYMB Symbols & Equipment Continuous 20 0.4
MC-TEXT25 Text Height 2.5 mm Continuous 70 0.3

MECHANICAL LAYERS (CONTINUED)
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*BASE PLAN
M-DIM DIMENSIONS Continuous 21 0.3
M-VPORT VIEW PORT Continuous 60 0.3
M-HATCH HATCH Continuous 43 0.3
M-REF XREF ATTACHMENT Continuous 9 0.18
*LAWN SPRINKLER & IRRIGATION
MIR-PM PRESSURE MAIN Continuous 45 0.5
MIR-DL DRIPPERS LINES Continuous 60 0.5
MIR-LPL LOW PRESSURE LINE Continuous 75 0.5
MIR-SYMB SYMBOLS & EQUIPMENT Continuous 20 0.4
MIR-TEXT25 TEXT HEIGHT 2.5MM Continuous 70 0.3
* Unless any other instructions. The Arch. Layers will be in color (252) & pen width 0.15

SPECIAL SYSTEMS LAYERS
LAYERS DESCRIPTION LINE COLOR PEN

TYPE No. WIDTH
*LIGHT CURRENT SYSTEMS
T-FIRE Fire Alarm System Continuous 140 0/6
T-SOUND Public Address Continuous 50 0.6
T-CLOCK Clock System Continuous 130 0.6
T-COMM Telephone System Continuous 120 0.6
T-MATV MATV System Continuous 220 0.6
T-CCTV CCTV System Continuous 150 0.6
T-DATA Data Network Continuous 135 0.6
T-ACCS ACCS Control Continuous 30 0.6
T-TEXT25 Text Height 0.25 mm Continuous 240 0.6
T-TEXT35 Text Height 0.35 mm Continuous 140 0.6
T-FRAME Drawing Sheet Continuous 7 0.25
T-V-PORT View port Continuous 7 -
T-MLINE Match Line M-Line 50 0.6
T-XREF XREF Attachment Continuous 9 0.18
T-DM Dimensions Continuous 7 0.25
T-VID Video System Continuous 150 0.6
T-CONF Conference System Continuous 140 0.6
T-SECUR Security System Continuous 140 0.6
T-NETWORK Network Outdoor Continuous 140 0.6
T-SYMB-CLOUD-n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 7 0.25
T-SYMB-RV-ATT Revision Triangle Symbols 7 0.25
* Unless any other Instructions, the Arch. Layer Will be in Color (252) Pen Width 0.15

ELECTRICAL LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*LIGHT & SOCKET OUTLETS
EL-L Lighting Fixtures Continuous 11 0.5
ES-SC Socket Outlets Continuous 11 0.5
EK-WL Lighting Wiring Continuous 4 0.35
ES-WSC Sockets Wiring Dashed 4 0.35
EL-S Lighting Switches Continuous 4 0.5
EK-DP Distribution Panels Continuous 11
*TEXT
E-TEXT21 Text Height 0.21 mm Continuous 7 0.25
E-TEXT25 Text Height 0.25 mm Continuous 3 0.3
E-TEXT35 Text Height 0.35 Continuous 2 0.5
*POWER DISTRIBUTION
EP-TRAY Cable Tray Continuous 11 0.5
EP-CONDO Conduits Dashdot 11 0.5
EP-DUCT Duct Banks Continuous 20 0.7
EP-TREN Cable Trenches Continuous 11 0.5
EP-FEED Cables/feeders Continuous 11 0.5
*SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
E-BB Busbars Continuous 20 0.7
E-SLD SLD Symbols Continuous 4 0.35
E-PF Panel Frame Continuous 1 0.2
E-BW Busways Continuous 20 0.7
E-ACC Measuring/Accessories Continuous 1 0.2
*DETAILS
E-DIM Dimensions Continuous 7 0.25
E-HATCH Hatch Patterns Continuous 1 0.2
*BASE PLANS
E-XREF XREF Attachment Continuous 9 0.18
E-FRAME Frame Continuous 7 -
E-VPORT View Port Continuous 7 -
E-SYMB-COUD-n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 7 0.25
E-SYMB-RV-ATT Revision Triangle Symbols Continuous 7 0.25

TRANSPORTATION LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*PROFILES LAYERS
CR-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Center Line Dashed 2 0.5
CR-PFGC Profile of Finished Grade Center Line Continuous 1 0.25
CR-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Center Line Text Continuous 7 0.25
CR-PEGL Profile of Existing Ground Left Edge Continuous 5 0.25
CR-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Right Edge Continuous 7 0.25
CR-PEGLT Profile of Existing Ground Left Edge Text Continuous 5 0.25
CR-PEGRT Profile of Existing Ground Right Edge Text Continuous 4 0.25
CR-PFGCT Profile of Finished Grade Center Line Text Continuous 1 0.25
CR-PGRID Profile Grid Continuous 1 0.25
CR-PGRIDT Profile Grid Text Continuous 3 0.18
CR-XGRID Cross Section Grid Continuous 1 0.25
CR-XGRIDT Cross Section Grid Text Continuous 1 0.25
CR-DATUM Datum Continuous 1 0.25
*PLANS LAYERS
CR-CL Road Center Line Center 1 0.25
CR-EOP Edge of Pavement Continuous 9 0.18
CR-COORD Coordinates Continuous 1 0.25
CR-GRID Grid Continuous 1 0.25
CR-VOL-LABEL Volume Label Continuous 7 0.25
CR- PNTS Points Continuous 3 0.18
CR-ELEV Elevators Continuous 3 0.18
CR-DESC Description Continuous 7 0.25
CR-SIDEWALK Sidewalk Continuous 3 0.18
CR-SHOULDER Shoulder Continuous 3 0.18
*SURVEY LAYERS
CR-CONT-MJR Major Contours Continuous 3 0.2
CR-CONT-MNR Minor Contours Continuous 7 0.25
CR-BMRK Bench Mark Continuous 6 0.35
CR-FPNT Fixed Point Continuous 2 0.5
CR-CONT-LABEL Contours Label Continuous 2 0.5
*DIMENSIONS LAYERS
CR-DM All Dimensions Continuous 7 0.25
*GENERAL LAYERS
CR-HATCH Hatch Patterns Continuous 1 0.25
CR-MLINE Match Line Mline 14 0.7
CR-VPORT View ports Borders Continuous 7 -
CR-FRAME Drawing Sheet Continuous 7 0.25
CR-SYMB-CLOUD n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 7 0.25
CR-SYMB-RV-ATT Revision Triangle Symbols Continuous 7 0.25
*KEY PLAN
CR-KEY-PLAN Key Plan Continuous 7 0.25
CR-KEY-MATCH Key Plan Match Lines Continuous 2 0.5

INFRASTRUCTURE LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*SURVEY LAYERS
C-CONT-M Main Contour Line Continuous 2 0.6
C-CONT-SUB Sub-Contour Line Continuous 4 0.25
C-CONT-CP Control Point Continuous 4 0.35
C-CONT-FP Fixed Point Continuous 5 0.35
C-CON-EXIS Existing Situation, Bldg Tresand Utilities Continuous 7 0.2
C-CON-GRD GRD Point Continuous 5 0.35
C-CON-BMRK Bench Mark Continuous
*PIPING BASE MAP LAYERS
C-P-CL Pipe Cline CL 11 0.1
C-P-MH Manhole Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-V Valves Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-CH Chamber Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-BLDG Site Building Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-FENCE Site Fence Fence 5 0.35
C-P-KPLAN Keyplan Continuous 11 0.1
C-P-F Fittings Symbols Continuous 11 0.1
C-P-LS Left Stations Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-FRE Fire Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-WS Main Loop Water Supply Pipes Continuous 2 0.6
C-P-WS-S Secondary Loop Water Supply Pipes Continuous 3 0.4
C-P-IR Main Loop Irrigation Pipes Continuous 2 0.6
C-P-IRS Secondary Loop Irrigation Pipes Continuous 3 0.4
C-P-S Main Sewage Pipes Continuous 2 0.6
C-P-S-L Lateral Sewage Pipes Continuous 3 0.4
C-P-UD Main Under Drainage Pipes Continuous 2 0.6
C-P-UD-L Lateral Under Drainage Pipes Continuous 3 0.4
*ROADS PLANS LAYERS
C-R-CL Center Line Center 5 0.35
C-R-EOP Edge of Pavement Continuous 3 0.4
C-R-COORD Coordinates Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-GRID Grid Continuous 11 0.1
C-R-VOL-LABEL Volume Label Continuous 7 0.2
C-R-PNTS Points Continuous 7 0.2
C-R-ELEV Elevations Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-DESC Disinfections Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-SIDEWALK Sidewalk Continuous 10 0.3
C-R-SHOULDER Shoulder Continuous 12 0.25
*PIPING PROFIEL LAYERS
C-P-CL Profile Centerline C-Line 11 0.1
C-P-CR Profile Ground Level Line Continuous 4 0.25
C-P-PP Profile Pipe Line Continuous 6 0.5
C-P-MH Profile Manhole Line Continuous 3 0.4
C-P-SC Profile Scale Line Continuous 4 0.25
C-P-VER Profile Vertical Line Continuous 4 0.25
C-P-SYMB Profile Symbols Continuous 5 0.35
C-P-MATCH Profile Match Line Match 5 0.35

INFRASTRUCTURE LAYERS (CONTINUED)
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*ROADS PROFILES LAYERS
C-R-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Center Line Dashed 4 0.25
C-R-PFGC Profile of Finished Grade Center Line Continuous 6 0.5
C-R-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Center Line Text Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-PEGL Profile of Existing Ground Left Edge Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-PEGC Profile of Existing Ground Right Edge Continuous 7 0.2
C-R-PEGLT Profile of Existing Ground Left Edge Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-PEGRT Profile of Existing Ground Right Edge Text Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-PFGCT Profile of Finished Grade Center Line Text Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-PGRID Profile Grid Continuous 11 0.1
C-R-PGRIDT Profile Grid Text Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-XGRID Cross Section Grid Continuous 11 0.1
C-R-XGRIDT Cross Section Grid Text Continuous 4 0.25
C-R-DATUM Datum Continuous 13 0.25
*DETAILS LAYERS
C-P-CL Details Centerline C-Line 11 0.1
C-P-PP Pipes and Connection piece Continuous 6 0.5
C-P-PC Plain Concrete Walls Continuous 10 0.3
C-P-PC-B Plain Concrete Base Continuous 7 0.22
C-P-RC Reinforced Concrete Walls and Base Continuous 10 0.3
C-P-ST Stair D Step Iron Continuous 3 0.4
C-P- Frame & Covers Continuous 3 0.4
C-P- Valves Continuous 3 0.4
C-P- Valve Chamber Fittings Pf, FC and DP Continuous 3 0.4
C-P- General Fittings (Elbows, Tees & Reducer) Continuous 10 0.3
C-P- Fire Hydrant Details Continuous 5 0.35
C-P- Gates Detail Continuous 5 0.35
C-P- House Connection Details Continuous 5 0.35
C-P- Meters Details Continuous 5 0.35
*TEXT LAYERS
C-TEXT-21 Text Height 2.1 mm Continuous 7 0.2
C-TEXT-Special Special Text mm Height Continuous 7 0.2
*DIMENSION LAYERS
C-DIM All Dimension Continuous 4 0.25
C-DIM-SPECIAL Special Dimension Continuous 4 0.25
*GENEAL LAYERS
C-HIDDEN Hidden Line Hidden 7 0.2
C-TAB All Table Lines (Layout & DET) Continuous 4 0.2
C-HATCH Hatch Patterns Continuous 1 0.25
C-HATCH-SPECIAL Special Hatch Patterns Continuous 2 0.15
C-MLINE Match Line Match 2 0.6
C-BORDERS Border Line Border 4 0.6
C-VPORT View ports Continuous 4 0.25
C-FRAME Frame Sheets Continuous 4 0.25
C-BLOCKS New Blocks Continuous 4 0.25
C-SYMB-CLOUD-n Revision Cloud (Where n is the Revision Number) Continuous 4 0.25
C-SYMB-RV-ATT Revision Triangle Symbols Continuous 4 0.25

INTERIOR DESIGN LAYERS
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*ANNOTATION
I-Anno-Dims Dimensions Continuous 20 0.25
I-Anno-Axis Axis & Center Lines Cline 3 0.18
I-Anno-Legn Legends And Schedules Titles Continuous 6 0.35
I-Anno-Legn-Text Legends And Schedules Text Continuous 7 0.25
I-Anno-Note Interior Notes Continuous 201 0.20
I-Anno-Hatch Hatch for Floors, Elevations, and Ceiling Continuous 61 0.18
I-Anno-Nplt Non-Plotting Information Continuous 80 0.18
I-Anno-revs Revision text & clouds Continuous 210 0.18
Defines the cut line between the Architecture and
I-Anno-Swap Continuous 9 0.20
Interior Architecture scope of work.
I-Anno-Tone Tone for Patterns & Effects Continuous 40 40%
I-Anno-Ttlb Title Block Continuous 111 0.25
I-Anno-Vprt-# Paper Space Viewports. #
I-Anno-Xref-# X-Reference Insertion Layer.#
*CEILING
I-Clng Ceiling Information Continuous 51 0.20
I-Clng-Accs Ceiling Access Panels Continuous 220 0.18
I-Clng-eqpm Equipment coordinated ( CCTV Cameras...) Continuous 91 0.25
Ceiling Coordinated Fixtures (Smoke detectors,
I-Clng-fixd Continuous 91 0.25
Speakers...)
I-Clng-Grid Ceiling Grid Ceiling Dash-Dot 231 0.15
Ceiling, component identification numbers &
I-Clng-iden Continuous 11 0.20
Ceiling Level identification
I-Clng-Nicn Ceiling not in contract Hidden 2 171 0.25
I-Clng-Htch Ceiling Patterns Continuous 61 0.18
*COLUMNS
I-Cols-conc Concrete walls & columns Continuous 241 0.50
I-Cols-stel Steel columns Continuous 241 0.50
*DETAILS
I-Detl General Features (miscellenous items) Continuous 60 0.18
I-Detl-Iden Component Identifications Continuous 31 0.25
I-Detl-Mcut Material Cut By Sections Continuous 241 0.50
I-Detl-Fine Fine Decorative Details Continuous 221 0.05
I-Detl-Htch Textures And Hatch Patterns and Carpet Patterns Continuous 61 0.18
*DOORS
I-Door Doors in Elevations & Plans (blow out) Continuous 5 0.25
I-Door-prht Partial Height Door Swing And Leaf Continuous 141 0.25
*ELEVATIONS
I-Elev Interior and exterior elevation Continuous 1 0.25
Interior elevation objects located in the back of
I-elev-back Continuous 3 0.18
elevation
I-Elev-Fixt Miscellaneous Fixtures Continuous 81 0.25
I-Elev-Fnsh Finishes, Woodwork, Trim Continuous 20 0.25
Interior elevation objects located in the front of
I-Elev-Frnt Continuous 6 0.35
the elevation
For all the Floor cutline of all Sections &
I-Elev-CutL Continuous 14 0.7
Elevations
I-Elev-Nicn Elevation, not in contract Hidden 2 220 0.18
Architectural Woodwork (Field Built Cabintets
I-Elev-Wdwk Continuous 33 0.25
And Counters)
For Art Works, Sculptures & any other
I-Elev-Deco Continuous 253 0.15
miscellenous decorative features
I-Elev-Htch Textures And Hatch Patterns Continuous 61 0.18
I-Elev-Pfix Plumbing Fixtures in Elevations Continuous 10 0.18

INTERIOR DESIGN LAYERS (CONTINUED)
LINE COLOR PEN

LAYERS DESCRIPTION
TYPE No. WIDTH
*FLOORING
I-Flor Floor Information Attributes Continuous 41 0.25
I-Flor-Case Casework (Manufactured Cabinets) Continuous 171 0.25
I-Flor-Furn Furniture Continuous 11 0.20
I-Flor-Furn-Free Freestanding Furniture (Desks Creedenzas),Etc. Continuous 11 0.20
I-Flor-Furn-Iden Furniture Numbers Continuous 11 0.20
I-Flor-MTL-Strp Finish of Metal Strips Continuous 15 0.6
I-Flor-Furn-plnt Plants Continuous 92 0.18
I-Flor-Hral Stair And Balcony Handrails And Guard Rails Continuous 31 0.25
I-Flor-levl Level Changes, Ramps Pits, And Depressions Continuous 111 0.25
I-Flor-Nicn Floor not in contract Hidden 2 181 0.25
I-Flor-Ouln Floor Or Building Outline Continuous 60 0.18
Overhead Skylights and Overhangs
I-Flor-Ovhd Hidden 2 21 0.20
(usually Dashed Lines)
I-Flor-PattLight Light Pattern for Floor Tiles Continuous 233 0.10
I-Flor-Htch Hatch for Floor Continuous 61 0.18
I-Flor-Patt Paving, Tile, And Carpet Patterns Continuous 30 0.18
I-Flor-Pfix Plumbing Fixtures Continuous 140 0.18
Architectural Specilaistis (Toilet Room
I-Flor-Spcl Continuous 191 0.25
Accessories And Display Cases)
I-Flor-Strs Stairs, Treads, Escalators And Leaders Continuous 111 0.25
I-Flor-Tptn Toilet Partitions Continuous 161 0.25
Architectural Woodwork (Field Built Cabintets
I-Flor-Wdwk Continuous 33 0.25
And Counters)
*GLAZING
I-Glaz Windows, Window Walls, Curtain Walls Continuous 4 0.25
I-Glaz-Full Full Height Glaszed Walls And Partitions Continuous 60 0.18
I-Glaz-Prht Windows and Partial-Height Glazed Partitions Continuous 81 0.25
*MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL
I-Hvac-Rdff Return Air Diffusers Continuous 131 0.25
I-Hvac-Sdff Supply Diffusers Continuous 151 0.25
I-Lite (Mech. & Elect.) Electrical (General) Continuous 31 0.25
*LIGHTING
Lighting fixtures, component identification
I-Lite-iden Continuous 141 0.25
numbers, Identification tags
I-Lite-Ind Lighting fixtures, Indirect Lighting. Hidden 2 242 0.20
I-Lite-wall Lighting fixtures, wall mounted. Continuous 141 0.25
*SECTIONS
I-Sect Secion Miscellenous Continuous 110 0.3
Section boundary, Finishes (Plaster, Wall
I-Sect-Fnsh Continuous 91 0.25
Cladding)
I-Sect-Iden Component Identification Numbers Continuous 111 0.25
I-Sect-Nicn Section, not in contract Hidden 2 230 0.18
*WALLS
I-Wall-Clad Walls, Interior and Exterior Wall Cladding Continuous 11 0.20
full Height Walls, Stair And Shaft Walls, and
I-Wall Continuous 2 0.50
Walls to Structure
Door, and Window Header (Shown on Reflected
I-Wall-Head Continuous 90 0.18
Ceiling Plans)
Door, and Window Jambs (not on Reflected
I-Wall-Jamb Continuous 161 0.25
Ceiling Plans)
Partial Height Walls (not On Reflected Ceiling
I-Wall-Prht Continuous 60 0.18
Plans)

TELECOMMUNICATION LAYERS
LAYERS DESCRIPTION LINE TYPE COLOR No. PEN WIDTH
LIGHT CURRENT SYSTEMS

TA-AVIS Audio Visual system Continuous 150 0.5
T-CABL Cable systems Continuous 130 0.5
T-CABL-TRAY Cable systems: cable tray & wire way Continuous 140 0.5
T-CATV Cable television system Continuous 150 0.5
TC-CLOK Clock systems Continuous 140 0.5
TY-CCTV Closed-circuit television system Continuous 150 0.5
TN-DATA Data / LAN system Continuous 135 0.5
T-ELEC Electrical system, telecom plan Continuous 1 0.2
TM-EMCS Energy monitoring control system Continuous 120 0.5
TY-FIRE Fire alarm system Continuous 150 0.5
TY-WLDS Water Leakage Detection system Continuous 30 0.5
TI-INTC Intercom / PA systems Continuous 50 0.5
TH-NURS Nurse call system Continuous 140 0.5
TH-HMIS Hospital management information system Continuous 140 0.5
TH-PACS Picture archeiving communication system Continuous 140 0.5
TT-PHON Telephone system Continuous 120 0.5
TY-SERT Security system Continuous 30 0.5
TA-SOUN Sound system Continuous 135 0.5
TA-MATV Master Television antenna system Continuous 220 0.5
TA-CONF Conference System Continuous 130 0.5
TY-ACCS Access Control system Continuous 30 0.5
TM-BMSS BMS system Continuous 30 0.5
TP-FIDS Flight information display system Continuous 120 0.5
TP-BIDS Baggage information display system Continuous 150 0.5
TP-BHSS Baggage handling system Continuous 140 0.5
TP-CUTE Cute system Continuous 135 0.5
T-TX25 Text Height 0.25 mm Continuous 240 0.5
T-TX35 Text Height 0.35 mm Continuous 140 0.5
T-FRAM Drawing Sheet frame Continuous 140 0.5
T-VPRT View port Continuous 220 0.5
T-MLIN Match Line M-Line 14 0.6
T-TBLE Tables Continuous 7 0.5
T-XREF XREF Attachment Continuous 7 0.15
T-DIME Dimensions Continuous 220 0.5
T-SYMB-CLOD Revision Cloud Continuous 7 0.15

APPENDIX C
STANDARD SYMBOLS

Appendix C: Standard Symbols Page 47 of 68
APPENDIX D
ABBREVIATIONS

Appendix D: Abbreviations Page 51 of 68
Appendix D: Abbreviations Page 52 of 68
APPENDIX E
DRAWING NUMBERING SYSTEM

Appendix E: Drawing Numbering System Page 53 of 68
DRAWING NUMBERING SYSTEM
1. DISCIPLINE CODES
In accordance with AIA, Listed below are the standard Discipline Code, which are
to be used for coding drawings, standards, requisitions and specifications. These
accounts have been set for all jobs. Modifications may be necessary for special
types of work.
A. Architecture
All buildings, architectural works and porches, buildings specialties.
C. Civil
CR. Roads, Paving, Walks and Railroads
Concrete, asphalt or other types of roads, paving walks and parking
areas. All bridges, culverts and grade separations of any type. Railroad
spurs including sub grade, ballast, ties, rails and switches. Fences.
CR. Roads, Paving, Walks and Railroads

Concrete, asphalt or other types of roads, paving walks and parking
areas. All bridges, culverts and grade separations of any type. Railroad
spurs including sub grade, ballast, ties, rails and switches. Fences.
CS. Surveying
Grading plans & all maps (other than site maps for buildings).
CH. Wells and Hydrogeological Studies

All wells and hydrogeological studies, including wells, casings and
screens.
CT. Geotechnical
All field geotechnical investigations (boreholes, sampling pits, plate
loading tests ...etc.).
CW. Water Supply System – Infrastructure
CG. Sewerage System – Infrastructure
- Storm Water Drainage System – Infrastructure

- Irrigation System – Infrastructure
CU. Under Drainage System - Infrastructure
CF. Fire Fighting System – Infrastructure
D. Standard Details
DA. Architectural Standard Details
DS. Structural Standard Details
DE. Electrical Standards Details
Etc.

E. Electric Power and Lighting
All electric power and lighting, conduit, duct, wire, fittings, fixtures,
switches, transformers, panels, starters, switchgear and substations.
(Motor to be included with the equipment they drive).
F. Fire Protection
G. General
- Overall job planning, supervision, coordination and client consultant.
- Operating manuals and record books.
- Specifications
I.D. Interior Design
All design construction drawings of interior public spaces of all building

types. Interior Architecture package also is complimented with internal
finishes datasheets, F.F & E., accessories and boards if needed.
K. Air-condition and Ventilation

Equipment and ducts, pipes and all accessories.
L. Landscape
LM. Landscape Master plan
LG. Grading plans
LS. Stacking plan
LH. Hard cape plans
LT. Soft cape plans (trees & ground cover)
LF. Site Furniture plans
LD. Hardscape & Softscape details
M. Mechanical
MG. Gas systems
MO. Fuel oil system
MP. Pipes, valves and fittings
MI. Instruments and controls
MC. Compressed air system
P. Plumbing
PD. Drainage system
PW. Water supply system
Q. Equipment
Any special major equipment not included elsewhere. Includes cyclones,
filters, pressed, hoists, conveyors, elevators, ejectors, barometer
condensers, weigh-scales, instrument air dehydrators, water softeners,
desecrators, etc.
QK. Kitchen equipment
QL. Laundry equipment

S. Structure
- All concrete work, including support structure foundations, trenches,
retaining walls, fireproofing, excavation and backfill, includes
stripping and cleaning forms.
- Piling, reinforcing, anchor bolts, concrete pouring, finishing paving
and storage tank pads and dikes.
- Steel Structures: Stairways, walkways, supporting structures, sheds,
structural steel buildings, platforms, pipe supports, pipe hangers and
other miscellaneous steel structures
T. Telecommunication
Including telephony, fire alarm, paging, electric clocks, public address
etc., television and radio.
2. MODEL SPACE FILE NAMING CONVENTION

Item Discipline Code Drawing Type Code User Definable
Example C GP CONT
In the example shown above, the file name C-GPCONT.DWG is a civil

drawing representing grading with contours separated into its own file. The
user definable field may also be an incremental number if there are several
drawings with the same discipline and drawing type codes.
Drawing Type Codes

Drawing Type Codes that Apply to all Disciplines
*FP Floor Plan
*SP Site Plan
*DP Demolition Plan
*QP Equipment Plan
*XP Existing Plan
*EL Elevation
*SC Section
*DT Detail
*SH Schedules
*SP Isometric/3D
*DG Diagrams
Architectural and Interior

CP Ceiling Plans
XL Enlarged Plans
NP Finish Plans
FL Furniture Plans
FT Floor Pattern
WS Wall Sections
OT Opening Types
IE Internal Elevations
DT Details

Civil
EP Environmental
GD Grading
RP Roads/topographic
SV Survey
UP Utility
Electrical
CM Communication
GP Grounding
LP Lighting
PP Power
Fire Protection
VP Evacuation Plan (may be by other discipline)
KP Sprinkler Plan
Mechanical
CT Control Plans
HP HVAC Ductwork Plans
PI Piping Plans
Plumbing
PL Plumbing Plans
Structural
FR Framing Plans
FD Foundation Plans
Telecommunications
DP Data
TP Telephone

3. SHEET NUMBERING
Drawing Number
xx – xx - xxx
- The first two characters are assigned to indicate the
type of work according to the group numbers account,
if one character is not indicative enough then two
characters are used for more specified indication.
- The second two characters are used for subdivision in
the project.
- The sheet type designator if any.
- The last two characters are the serials in the
subdivisions.
Sheet Type Designators

0 General (symbols, legend, notes, etc.)
1 Site plan
2 Architectural Plans & Furniture Layout
3 Elevations and sections
4 Reflected ceiling plans
5 Interior elevations, Floor Patterns
6 Wall sections
7 Opening Types (Door, window and elevation types)
8 Enlarged Details, Stair Details, Toilet Details
9 Schedules and diagrams

APPENDIX F
WORKED EXAMPLE

Appendix F: Worked Example Page 59 of 68
APPENDIX H
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM UNITS

Appendix H: International System Units Page 67 of 68
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM UNITS
SI Base Units
Quantity Name of Unit Symbol
Length metre m
Mass kilogram kg
Time second s
electric current ampere A
thermodynamic temperature kelvin K
amount of substance mole mol
luminous intensity candela cd
SI is founded on seven base units: metre for length, kilogram for mass, second for time,
ampere for electric current, kelvin for thermodynamic temperature, mole for amount of
substance and candela for luminous intensity.
SOME DERIVED UNITS

Quantity Name Symbol Equivalent to
force newton N kg. m/s2
pressure pascal. Pa N/m2
work, energy, quantity of heat joule J N.m
power, heat flow rate watt W J/s
quantity of electricity coulomb C A.s
electric potential volt V W/A
electric resistance ohm Ω V/A
electric capacitance farad F C/V
magnetic flux weber Wb V.s
inductance henry H Wb/A
magnetic flux density tesla T Wb/m2
Frequency hertz Hz s-1
There are also two "supplementary" units in SI: radian, the unit of plane angle and
steradian, the unit of solid angle; the SI symbols are rad and sr respectively.
Other units have evolved to complete a coherent measurement system. All of the other
units used in SI are called "derived units" and are expressed algebraically in terms of
base units and/or supplementary units.
For some of the derived SI units, special names and symbols exist.

Appendix H: International System Units Page 68 of 68

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QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

THIS PAGE IS A RECORD OF ALL MANUAL REVISIONS. REVISED SECTIONS ONLY 

REVISION HISTORY APPROVALS SUMMARY Of CHANGE

1 19/04/2001 60 E. Kadry W.M F. ElTaher

2 08/09/2003 60 E. Kadry W.M F. ElTaher Pages were indicated as Rev. 2

3 13/06/2007 69 M.E E.K. W.M Pages were indicated as Rev. 3

4 15/03/2009 71 M.E E.K. A.Elsayed Full Revision

5 16/05/2012 68 M.E E.K. M. Abd El Monem Full Revision

MANUAL CODE REV.

ECG FORM No. A416 Rev. 3/09 Page 1 of 68

Name Mai Ehab E. Kadry M. AbdElMoneim

Position Division Coordinator COO - Engineering CEO & President

Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

Original A. ElAyashy Library ………………………….

1 W. ElHennawy QAAD Manager ………………………….

Soft Copy (FTP) E. Sultan Alexandria Regional Office ………………………….

Soft Copy (FTP) M. AlSharkawi Abu Dhabi Regional Office ………………………….

Soft Copy (FTP) L. Farsakh Dubai Regional Office ………………………….

Soft Copy (FTP) Omer Bahgat Qatar Regional Office ………………………….

Soft Copy (FTP) Sherif Mourad Sudan Regional Office ………………………….

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 4 of 68

SECTION 2: ORGANIZATION OF FILE IN DIRECTORIES STRUCTURE

2.1 Cad Files Types

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 5 of 68

The services rendered by the ECG Engineering Consultants Group cover

This work is often complex, involving the coordinated input of many

It is obvious that these varieties of responsibilities, disciplines, risks, and

As President of the ECG, I encourage you to see these manuals as an

President & CEO

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 6 of 68

The purposes of producing this manual are mainly:

- To simplify the process of managing the drawing files

The procedures, instructions and contents of this Manual cover topics

If you feel like suggesting a change, write a memorandum to the Librarian

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 7 of 68

SHALL The word “Shall” indicate a mandatory requirements

SHOULD The word “Should” indicates a preferred course of action

MAY The word “May” indicates a possible course of action

FILE A collection of information stored under a single name on a

CAD An acronym for Computer-Aided Design

ENTITY A geometric element of item of data on a CAD drawing.

SYMBOL A collection of CAD entities stored under single name and

ATTRIBUTE Text or numeric data attached to symbol or entity on a

LAYER A property of an entity on a CAD drawing commonly used

EXTERNAL A file or drawing that can be displayed, as a background

MODEL A file describes a Subset of a building geometry and its

DRAWING A file contains one or more scaled views of one or more

PAPER A drawing environment allows displaying several different

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 8 of 68

The project directory is divided to sub-directories indicating the disciplines involved in

2.1 CAD FILES TYPES

CADD files can be referenced by other CAD files to provide means of

There are three (3) types of CAD files:

2.2.1 Model files

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 9 of 68

A sheet file is a ready-to-plot file that includes important parameters such as

2.3 NON PROJECT-RELATED

2.3.1 Library/standard details files

ECG CAD MANUAL (CAD) Page 10 of 68

When starting a new drawing, AutoCAD sets up the initial drawing

ECG standard drawing units are as follows:

One unit in model space = one meter

Unit style Decimal