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Introduction To Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Introduction To Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chapter 2: Ecosystem
Mr Shum
Living things interact with each other and non-living things to survive
This lead to a balance in the ecosystem
For example:
Plants will use sunlight, carbon dioxide and
mineral to produce food through
__________________
Simultaneously, animals also get oxygen
released from plants and produce _______
__________ needed for photosynthesis
Animals cannot produce food, hence they
will eat plants or other animals in order to
survive
Plants depend on non-living components
such as water or wind or living components
such as insects for pollination
Decomposers such as _______________
will break down dead organism to return
the mineral back to the soil
Prey-predator
A predator is an organism that kills and eats another organism
A prey is an organism that is eaten
A predator usually has large size and special charateristics such as sharp
claws, fangs or beaks to kill its prey
Predators are carnivorous whereas the preys can be either herbivores or
carnivores
Eg: A tiger (predator) eats a deer (prey)
An eagle (predator) eats a rabbit (prey)
Competition
Competition occurs when organism compete for the same basic _______
Plants compete to obtain water, sunlight, minerals and living space
Animals compete to obtain water, food, living space and mates for
reproduction
Eg: Two bears fight over a territory to obtain food
In interspecies competition, only the stronger species will thrive and the
weaker one will gradually be eliminated
“Survival of the fittest”
Eg:
Symbiosis
Symbiosis is the interaction between two organism of different species
that stay in the same place. There are three types of symbiosis which are:
a) Commensalism
b) Mutualism
c) Parasitism
Commensalism
Interaction between two organism in which one will get benefit whereas
the other is no affected (not harmed or benefit)
Eg: Remora fish and sharks
Remora fish attaches itself to a shark for transport, protection and food
without harming the shark.
Staghorn fern and trees
Staghorn fern lives on tall trees to obtain sunlight without harming the
tree
Mutualism
Interaction between two organism in which both organisms benefit from
the relationship
Eg: Oxpecker and Ox
Oxpecker eats and frees the ox from any ticks or leeches
Aphids and ants
Ants provide protection to aphids whereas aphids will give nutrition rich
food
Parasitism
Interaction between two organism in which one organism benefits
whereas the other organism (host) is harmed or negatively affected
Eg: Tapeworm and human
Tapeworm (parasite) will suck nutrition from our body (host) and we will
eventually get malnourished from that
Rafflesia and host tree
Rafflesia (parasite) will absorb nutrients from nearby tree (host)
P Q R