Chapter VIII

A case for Pressure Vessel Design

Please design a liquid ammonia tank. The inner diameter is
2500mm, the length of tank cylinder body is 4800 mm. Working
address: Tianjin.

Solution:
1.The thickness of cylinder
According to the material property, we will choose Q245R (carbon
steel)to produce the tank cylinder and head.

pDi
d  C
2    p
t
Working temperature:the highest temperature in summer here
is around 40℃;
Saturated vapor pressure for ammonia is 1.555MPa, thus we
treat p=1.6MPa ；

Di=2600mm；[]t＝148MPa(According to the property of

Q245R)；
＝1.0(double weld and 100%NDT)
C2=1mm,corrosion pDi
d  C
2    p
Cl＝0.3mm， t
 1.6  2600
d   1.0  0.3  15 .4
2 148 1.0  1.6
Round , n＝16mm
We choose Q245R with 16mm thickness for the cylinder .
2．The thickness of head

For standard ellipsoidal head, K=1

pDi 1.6  2600

d  C   1.3  15.4mm
2    0.5 p 2 1481.0  0.5 1.6
t

Round n＝16mm Q245R

we choose the plate with length and width is around 3m, due to the
diameter 2.6mm

Pressure test
pT  1.25 p

 2.0MPa
 t 
3 saddle support
Firstly, calculate the loading on saddle.
Total loading：m=m1+m2+m3+m4
m1-cylinder weight；
m2-head weight；
m3- liquid ammonia weight；
m4-accessory weight
Cylinder weight m1 , DN=2600mm，dn=16mm，according to
GB150-2011, q1=1030Kg/m （weight of steel per meter），
m1=q1L=4944(Kg)

Head weight m2 , ellipsoidal head DN=2600mm，n=16mm，

according to GB/T25198-2010 h=40mm q2=975Kg
m2=2q2=1950(Kg)
(3) liquid ammonia weight m3 m3=αVγ
α is volume ratio ，0.7；
γ is the density of liquid ammonia,665Kg/m3
V volume: V=Vhead+Vcylinder=30.51m3,
m3＝0.7×30.42×665=14202 Kg

(4) accessory weight m4

Manhole is around 200Kg, other pipes is around 300Kg，
m4=500Kg
The total weight
m=m1+m2+m3+m4=4944+1950+14202+500=21596 kg
Q=mg/2=105 kN

Each saddle support will undertake 105kN loading.

According to JB／T4712.1-2007, we will choose the light saddle
support with base plate, the angle is 120°,the support number is
A2600-F
 4.Manhole

According to the temperature and pressure 1.6MPa，the

manhole was chosen .

RF b8.8(NM-XB350)450-1.6
HG/T 21523-2005

450 Is the normal diameter,1.6 is

the Normal pressure

5．Reinforcement for manhole

6．Pipes of inlet and outlet

7 relief device

8 flanges
7． Assembly drawings of equipment
 Technical characteristic table

name number

Design pressure 1.6MPa

Working temperature ≤40℃

storage liquid ammonia

volume 30.52m3