Signals and Systems

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Homework

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Poornapragna Coaching Academy
c Draft date August 9, 2010

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1 LTI Systems
1. Evaluate and plot

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A) rect(t) ⋆ rect(t) B) rect(t) ⋆ rect(t/2) C) rect(t − 1) ⋆ rect(t/2)
D) [rect(t − 5) + rect(t + 5)] ⋆ [rect(t − 4) + rect(t + 4)] E) rect(4t) ⋆ δ1 (t) F) rect(t) ⋆ δ4 (−2t + 4)
2. Given x(t) = 2tri(t/4) ⋆ δ(t − 2), evaluate
A) x(1) B) x(−1)
3. Given x(t) = −5rect(t/2) ⋆ [δ(t + 1) + δ(t)], evaluate
A) x(1/2) B) x(−1/2) C) x(−5/2)
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4. Given
(a) x(t) = 4 sin(πt/8) ⋆ δ(t − 4), find x(−1).
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(b) x(t) = −5rect t+4


2 ⋆ δ(2t − 4), find x(1) − x(4).
5. For an LTI system it is given that response of the system when δ(t − τ ) is applied as the input is
e−(t+τ ) u(t − τ ). Find the response of the system if the input is x(t) = δ(t) + 3δ(t + 1) + 3δ(t + 2).
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6. Check the properties of (i) causality, (ii) stability and (iii) memorylessness for the LTI systems whose
impulse responses are given below.
A) h(t) = cos(πt) B) h(t) = e−2t u(t − 1) C) h(t) = u(t + 1) D) h(t) = 3δ(t)

|n|
n
G) h[n] = 12 H) sin π2 n


E) h(t) = cos(πt)u(t) F) h[n] = (−1) u[−n]
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7. Evaluate the step responses of the following LTI systems

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A) h[n] = − 12 u[n] B) h[n] = δ[n] − δ[n − 2] C) h[n] = (−1)n (u[n + 2] − u[n − 3])
−|t| (2)
D) h(t) = e E) h(t) = δ (t) F) h(t) = (1/4)[u(t) − u(t − 4)]
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8. Evaluate the auto correlation of the following signals:

A) x(t) = δ(−2t + 4) B) h(t) = rect(t/2) C) x(t) = u(t) − 2u(t − 1) + u(t − 2)
D) x(t) = u(t + 1) − u(t).
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9. The impulse response of a DT LTI system is given by h[n] = an u[n]. Evaluate

π
A) x[n] ⋆ h[n] if x[n] = ej 2 n
π

B) Using the previous result evaluate x[n] ⋆ h[n] if x[n] = cos 2n .
10. Let x1 [n] = u[n] − u[n − 6], x2 [n] = δ[n] + 2δ[n − 2] + δ[n − 4], x3 [n] = x1 [n] ⋆ x2 [n].
Find r[n] such that r[n] ⋆ x3 [n] = n−1
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k=−∞ x3 [n].
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11. Evaluate the convolution integral x(t) ⋆ h(t) for the following signals.
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1−t 0<t≤1
A) x(t) = e−at u(t), h(t) = eat u(−t) (0 < a < 1) B) x(t) = e−at u(t), h(t) =
0 else
( (
1.5 −2≤t≤3 2 −1≤t≤2
C) x(t) = e−t u(t), h(t) = e−t u(t) D) x(t) = , h(t) =
0 else 0 else
E) x(t) = u(t) − 2u(t − 1) + u(t − 2), h(t) = u(t + 1) − u(t − 1)

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12. Evaluate the convolution integral x[n] ⋆ h[n] for the following signals.
A) x[n] = δ[n + 1] + 2δ[n] + 2δ[n(
− 1], h[n] = 2δ[n] − 3δ[n − 1] + δ[n − 2]
(0.8)n 0≤n≤5
n
B) x[n] = u[n]−u[n−4], h[n] = C) x[n] = 14 u[n]+4nu[−n], h[n] = u[n]

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0 else

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13. Consider the signals given in Fig (1). Evaluate
A) x1 (t) ⋆ x2 (t) B) x1 (t) ⋆ x3 (t) C) x1 (t) ⋆ x4 (t) D) x1 (t) ⋆ x5 (t) E) x1 (t) ⋆ x6 (t)
F) x′3 (t) ⋆ x6 (t) G) x′1 (t) ⋆ x6 (t) H) xi (t) ⋆ u(t) for i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

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x1 (t) x4 (t)
1 1

−1 1 t −2 −1 1 2 t

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x5 (t)
2
1 x2 (t)
1

−1 1 t

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x3 (t)
2
x6 (t)
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1 1
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−2 −1 1 2 t −1 1 t
−1

Figure 1: Signals for Problem 3.

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14. The impulse responses of CT LTI systems are given below. Check whether the systems are memoryless,
causal and stable or not.
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A) h1 (t) = δ(t) − δ(t − 2) B) h2 (t) = 2rect(t/2) C) h3 (t) = (1 − e−4t )u(t). D) h4 (t) = 4δ(t)
−|t|
E) h5 (t) = e + u(t − 3) − u(t − 8) F) h6 (t) = sin(10t) G) h7 (t) = cos(5t)u(−t − 3)
15. The impulse responses of DT LTI systems are given below. Check whether the systems are memoryless,
causal and stable or not.
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−n
n
A) h1 [n] = 12 u[−n] B) h2 [n] = u[n] C) h3 [n] = 23 u[−n+4]. D) h4 [n] = 2δ[n2 ]+u[n−

−n
E) h5 [n] = a|n| (0 < |a| < 1) F) h6 [n] = ej 4 G) h7 [n] = (n + 1) 13
πn
3] − u[n + 6] u[−n + 6]
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2 Continuous-Time Fourier Series
1. Using direct integral, evaluate the CT trigonometric and exponential FS for the signal given below.
Evaluate the same differentiation property.

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x(t)
2

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1

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−2 −1 1 2 3 4 5 6
−1

Figure 2: Signal for Problem (1)

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2. Using the result from problem (1), evaluate the CTFS for the following signals.

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x1 (t) x2 (t)

1 1
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−2 −1 1 2 3 4 −2 −1 1 2 3 4
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−1 −1

(a) (b)
Figure 3: Signals for Problem (2)
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sin(kω0 T1 )
3. We have derived the exponential FS for a periodic square wave as ak = kπ . Express ak in terms of
sinc function.
4. The signal x2 (t) given in problem (2), is passed through a full-wave rectifier to get an output y(t). Find
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the exponential FS for y(t). Also find the exponential FS for half-wave rectified output.
5. Find which type of harmonics are present for the signal x(t) in problem (1), x2 (t), x3 (t) in problem (2)
and the outputs of full-wave and half-wave rectifiers in problem (4).
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6. Find the exponential FS for the signals given in Fig (4).

7. Evaluate the signals with period T = 4, whose exponential Fourier series are given as below.
( (
jk |k| < 3 0 k=0
A) ak = B) ak = k sin(kπ/4)
C) ak = (−1)k sin(kπ/8)
kπ
0 otherwise (j) otherwise
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kπ
D) ak = −( 21 )|k|
8. Find the conditions on the impulse response h(t) of an LTI system such that cos(ω0 t) and sin(ω0 t) are its
eigen functions. Also evaluate the corresponding eigenvalues.
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9. The LCCDE of an LTI system is given by

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y(t) + 4y(t) = x(t)

dt
Evaluate the output of the system for the input
A) cos(πt) B) sin(πt) C) δ2π (t)

10. A periodic square wave x(t) with period T = 1, given below is convolved with, h(t) = 2 cos(3πt) sin(πt/2)
πt .
(
1 |t| < 12
x(t) = 1
0 2 ≤ |t| < 1

3
 x1 (t) x2 (t)

2 2

y
··· ··· ··· 1 ···

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−2 −1 1 2 −2 −1−1 1 2 3 4
−1 −2

(a) (b)

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x3 (t)
1

gA
··· ···

−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3 4 5
−1

(c)

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Figure 4: Signals for Problem (6)
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A) Find its exponential FS ak of x(t). B) Find y(t) = x(t) ⋆ h(t).
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11. The impulse response of an LTI system is periodic with period T = 4 given by
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1 0≤t<2
h(t) =
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−1 −2≤t<0

Evaluate
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A) The output y(t) = x(t) ⋆ h(t) provided x(t) = e−t u(t) B) −2
y(t)dt
12. Let x(t) −→ ak be a exponential FS pair. Find the FS coefficients for
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A) −2x(t) + jx(t) B) 1 + dt x(t) C) x2 (t)

1
 |ω| = ω0
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13. The frequency response of an LTI system is given by H(jω) = |ω| = 2ω0 . Find the output y(t)
2
0 otherwise

if the input is given by cos(ω0 t) + cos(2ω0 t) + cos(3ω0 t).
14. For a real x(t), show that Ev{x(t)} −→ ℜ{ak } and Od{x(t)} −→ jℑ{ak }
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3 Continuous-Time Fourier Transform
sin W t ω


1. By using frequency shifting property show that the CTFT of πt is rect 2W .
2. If the signal x(t) is real the prove that

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Re{x(t)} ⇔ Ev{X(jω)}, Im{x(t)} ⇔ jOd{X(jω)}

3. Also give the counterpart for the problem (2) if x(t) is imaginary.
4. Find the CTFT of the following signals using duality property.

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1 n 1 t2
A) (a+jt) B) πt4 C) t2 D) (4+t2 )2

5. Let x(t) ⇔ X(jω) be a CTFT pair. What will be the inverse CTFT of the following?
A) X(jω) cos(ω) B) |ω|X(jω) C) X(jω)u(ω).

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6. Let y(t) = x(t) ⋆ h(t). Let Ax and Ah be the areas of x(t) and h(t) respectively. Show that the area of
y(t) is given by Ay = Ax Ah using CTFT.
7. If x(t) is real signal, evalaute the CTFT its correlation function.

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