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Homework 1
Homework 1
Homework 1
(a) The output voltage, Vo, equals 200V. Calculate the input voltage, Vd
Vo
Duty Cycle: D
Vd
200
Vd 250[V]
0.8
(c) Calculate the maximum and the minimum value of the armature
Current
I a
Maximum output current: armature current 5 3.33 8.33[A]
2
I
Minimum output current: armature current a 5 3.33 2.67[A]
2
(d) Sketch the armature current, ia(t), and the dc current, id(t).
(Assume : Resistance Load 40 Ω)
<6[A]
ia
<5[A]
id
(e) The load on the machine is reduced. Calculate Ia when the converter is on the boundary
between continuous and discontinuous mode
1 D 1
Minimum output current : I o (min) I o Vo
2 La fs
Condition of boundary mode: I o (min) 0
1 D 1 0.1
In boundary mode: I a Vo 200 3.333 3.34[A]
2 La fs 6
(f) The load on the dc machine gives Ia = 2A. The current is now discontinuous. What is the
back-emf voltage, Ea?
Assume
- Linear Load Condition & initial current is 5A & resistance load is 40Ω
80[V]
I o 2[A]
40[]
VL <0[V]
Vo D
Vd DA
Ia
DT DAT T
So,
La I MAX
DA D
TVo
The output current is same as average inductor current.
Then,
I a _ MAX
Io DA
2
Io
I a _ MAX 2
DA
(i) Find D1Ts
La I MAX
DA D
TVo
La I MAX
1Ts ( DA D )T T
TVo
S7.2 Step-down converter characteristics
A step-down dc-dc converter like the one shown in Fig. 7-4a is to be analyzed.
Output power = Rated output voltage × Rated output current = 500 [W]
20[V]
0.8[]
25[A]
(c) Calculate duty ratio D for rated output. The voltage across the series resistor R must be
taken into consideration.
In steady state
- iL = io
- Series resistor R + equivalent load resistance = 1 Ω
DVd Vo I o R
The average inductor current (Io) is half of the inductor peak current (iL)
(1 D) RT
Vo DVd 1 25[V]
2L
The equivalent load resistance is 20.8[Ω] which from the output voltage and current
(e) Sketch the inductor current and the inductor voltage for this operation.
- The load current is 1.2[A] means that Peak inductor current is 2.4[A]
- The output voltage is 25[V]
1.2[A]
0[A]
t
Vd-Vo
-Vo
(f) Still keep this duty ratio constant and increase the load resistance, or reduce the load in W
until there is only 1 W power to the load. Find the load current, voltage, watt and the
equivalent load resistance RB for this operation.
IL
Vd Vo I o R DT
L
Vd Vo I o R DT 1Ts Vo I o R
DTs 1Ts I L D 1 Po
IL
Io
Ts 2 2 Vo
Po
Io
D 1 Vd Vo I o R DT
Vo 2 L
2 Po L
Vo 2 VdVo Po R 0
D 1 DT
Vd 1 2L
Vo Vd 2 4 Po R 1
2 2 D 1 RDT
48 1 2 0.110
Vo 482 4 0.2 1 47.84181[V]
0.2 0.521
2
2 2
1[W]
Io 20.90222 103 21[mA]
47.84181[V]
47.84181[V]
2278.181
21[mA]
(g) Sketch the inductor current and the inductor voltage for this operation..
IL
t
DTs Ts
VL
Vd-Vo-IoR
-(Vo+IoR)
Δ1Ts
(h) Use the output voltage from (f) and make an accurate calculation of the inductor current.
(Do not assume that the voltage over the series resistor R is constant.)
Output Voltage
<47[V]
Inductor current
<0.5[A]
Inductor Voltage
<1.5[V]
<-48.14[V]
52us t
1us
100us