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ACP PS1 Sol PDF
ACP PS1 Sol PDF
so we have
dA dA
+ ω − ω 0 × A.
= (1.3)
dt R0
dt R
d 7.3 × 105 m
∆t = ≈ ≈ 2.4 × 10−3 s = 2.4 ms. (2.2)
c 3 × 108 m/s
(d) The actual distance the neutrinos travel in the inertial frame is
q
d = (r2 + ∆r2 − r1 )2 .
0
(2.5)
1
Advanced Classical Physics, Autumn 2016 Problem Sheet 1 – Solutions
3. (a) We have
2π 2π 105 m
m = 500 ton = 5 × 105 kg, ω= = , v = 100 km/h = . (3.1)
24 h 86400 s 3600 s
The angle between v and ω is λ = 60◦ . The horizontal component of the Coriolis force
is then
2π 105 m
2mωv sin λ = 2 × 5 × 105 kg × × × sin 60◦ ≈ 1749 kg m/s2
86400 s 3600 s
= 1749 N . (3.2)
(b) Direction: −ω × v is due WEST. The rails exert an equal and opposite force on the train,
maintaining a straight line in the rotating Earth frame.
4. (a) At the top of its trajectory the shell’s velocity is equal to the √
horizontal component of its
initial velocity. This in turn is given by v cos 45◦ = (500/ 2) m/s. At this point the
angle the shell velocity makes with the angular velocity vector of the Earth is equal to the
shell’s latitude λ = 45◦ , so the Coriolis acceleration is given by
2π 500 1
aCor = 2ωv sin λ = 2 × × √ m/s × √ ≈ 3.7 × 10−2 m/s2 . (4.1)
86400 s 2 2
At this time −ω × v is due EAST.
(b) At muzzle, firing due North, with elevation λ = 45◦ , v is parallel to ω, so Coriolis
acceleration is zero.
(c) At the target, the shell lands at 45◦ downwards so that v is perpendicular to ω at that point.
So Coriolis acceleration is
2π
aCor = 2ωv = 2 × × 500 m/s ≈ 7.3 × 10−2 m/s2 , (4.2)
86400 s
due EAST.
2
Advanced Classical Physics, Autumn 2016 Problem Sheet 1 – Solutions
Figure 1:
3
Advanced Classical Physics, Autumn 2016 Problem Sheet 1 – Solutions
where we have used the fact that vI = vR + ω × r. The terms proportional to vR cancel
if
Q
ω=− B. (5.9)
2m
(i.e. α = −Q/2m in ω = αB) in which case the last term on the left of equation (5.8)
cancels half the last term on the right leaving
2
QQ0
Q
aR = − r̂ − [(B × r) × B] . (5.10)
4π0 mr2 2m
[7 marks]
(d) Neglecting the last term in equation (5.10) leaves a central force problem for which the
force is attractive and ∼ 1/r2 . The closed trajectories in the rotating frame are therefore
ellipses. [4 marks]
(e) In the inertial frame the trajectories are therefore precessing ellipses as shown in the fig-
ure 1. [2 marks]
[TOTAL 20 marks]