1

""c∫Ô”¬z ŒÚ >√V_
kÕm^·m!''
(1:1-7)

ÔΩ>D ®ømD xÁ≈Ô^ ƒJÔ›]uz ƒJÔD ºkÆ√|˛≈m. ÂV[

ŒÚ ÔΩ>›Á> ®ømDº√Vm, ÂV[ BVÚ¬z ®øm˛º≈º™V, ∂k´m
ÿ√BÁ´ x>o_ ®ø], ®™m ÿ√BÁ´¬ ÔÁ¶El_ ®ømºk[. A]B
∞u√V| ®ø>©√‚¶ ÔVÈ›]_, ÔΩ>∫Ô^ ®[√Ák ÿ√VmkVÔ ŒÚ
¿ı¶, ∑Ú‚¶©√‚¶ >Vπ_ ®ø>©√‚¶™. ÔΩ>›Á>© ÿ√uƬ
ÿÔV^√kÏÔ^ ∂Á> BVÏ ∂–©∏™VÏ ®[√Á> c¶™ΩBVÔ ∂§Õm
ÿÔV^k>uÔVÔ, ®ø›>V·Ï >\m ÿ√BÁ´ x>o_ ®ø]™VÏ. ∂Õ>
ÂV‚Ôπ_, ÔΩ>∫Ô^ ∂Á> ®ø]Bkˆ[ ÿ√BÏ, ∂Õ>¬ ÔΩ>D BVÚ¬z
∂–©√©√‚¶º>V ∂k´m √>s, \uÆD kVµ›m g˛BkuÁ≈¬
ÿÔVı| ÿ>V¶∫z>_ ®[√m kw¬Ô\VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. √°_ >\m
kVƒÔÏÔ”¬z© √w¬Ô\V™ xÁ≈ÁB© √B[√|›]™VÏ, ∂Õ>
xÁ≈BV™m ∂[≈V¶¬ ÔΩ>© º√V¬zk´›]_ √B[√|›>©√‚¶>VÔ
÷ÚÕ>m. ∂kÏ >\m ÔΩ>D AˆÕmÿÔV^·©√¶¬ÌΩB>VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô
ºkı|D ®[√Á>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD, ∂ƒÈVÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√m
z§›m ∂]ÔD ∂¬ÔÁ≈ ÿÔV^·s_ÁÈ.
º´V\Ú¬z© √°o[ WÚ√D ∂>[ ÿ>V¶¬Ô kƒ™∫Ôπ_ kw¬Ô
\V™ J[Æ ÌÆÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈m:

(1) ®ø›>V·ˆ[ ÿ√BÏ: ""√°_'' (kƒ™D 1g).

(2) ÿ√Æ√kÏÔ^ √u§B z§©A: ""º´V\VAˆl_ c^· ... ∂Á™kÚ¬zD''
(kĪD 2).
(3) ŒÚ kVµ›m: ""˛ÚÁ√•D ... ƒ\V>V™xD'' (kƒ™D 3).

÷Ú©∏–D, √°_ >\m ÿƒVÕ> ºÂV¬Ô∫Ô”¬ÔVÔ© √w¬Ô\V™

÷Õ> kˆÁƒxÁ≈ÁB› >øsBÁ\›m¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ. ∂kÏ ŒÀÿkVÚ
∏ˆsKD \Vÿ√ÚD ƒ›]B∫ÔÁ·© ÿ√V]Õm Ák›>VÏ. ÷Õ>©
√V¶›]_, ÂVD ∂Õ> ƒ›]B∫ÔÁ· ¤V¬˛´Á>BVÔ ∂sµ›ÿ>|©
º√VD.

1
 √°o¶tÚÕm (1:1-6)
º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√›][ ÿ>V¶¬Ô kVÏ›Á>Ô^ Â\¬z
√°o–Á¶B WÚ√∫Ôπ[ √ıA Œ[Á≈ ∂§xÔ©√|›m˛[≈™. ŒÚ
EÕ>Á™BV™m ∂kÁ´ ∂]oÚÕm \VÆ√‚¶ ÷[ÿ™VÚ ÔÈÕmÁ´
BV¶K¬z ka¶›mD, ∂m ºkÿ≈V[Á≈© √u§B ÔÈÕmÁ´
BV¶K¬z ka¶›mD, \uÆD ∂m ÷[–D ºkÿ≈VÚ ÔÈÕmÁ´
BV¶K¬z ka¶›mD. ∂kÏ ŒÚ ÔÚ›]oÚÕm ÷[ÿ™VÚ ÔÚ›]uz
ÂÔÏÕm ÿƒ[≈VÏ, ÷Á> ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ŒÚ ¿-ı-¶ kV¬˛B›]_ ¶›]™VÏ.
÷ÕWÚ√›][ x>_ ∞ø kƒ™∫Ô^ Œº´ ŒÚ >M kV¬˛B\VÔ c^·™
- ˛º´¬Ô ÿ\Val_ 93 kVÏ›Á>Ô”D, NASB1 ºk>VÔ\›]_ 127 kVÏ›
Á>Ô”\VÔ c^·™. g™V_ >tµ ºk>VÔ\›]_ 1 x>_ 3 kÁ´•^·
kƒ™∫Ô^ ŒÚ kV¬˛B\VÔ°D, 4, 5 kƒ™∫Ô^ ŒÚ kV¬˛B\VÔ°D, 6, 7
kƒ™∫Ô^ ŒÚ kV¬˛B\VÔ°D c^·™. √°o[ EÕ>Á™ xÁ≈Á\ÁB©
∏[√uÆ>_ ®[√m ŒÚ ∂Á≈ÌkÈVÔ ÷Ú¬Ô¬ Ì|D!

√°ÁÈ ∂§xÔ©√|›m>_
√°_ ÷>uz x[A º´V\VAˆ¬z ŒÚ¬ÔVKD kÕ]ÚÕ>]_ÁÈ
®[√>V_ (kƒ™D 13), ∂k´m ÿ>V¶¬Ô kVÏ›Á>Ô^ ∂kÁ´© √u§B
>M©√‚¶ ∂§xÔ\VÔ© √B[√|˛[≈™. ÷m ∂©º√V¸>È´V™
√°ºÈ º´V\VAˆl_ ÷ÚÕ> ˛§¸>kÏÔ”¬z x[√VÔ, >\m
Ô´∫ÔÁ· sˆ›m, ""®[Á™ ∂§xÔ©√|›]¬ÿÔV^· ∂–\]•∫Ô^!''
®[Æ ÌÆkm º√V[Æ^·m.
x>o_ √°_ >\m WÁÈ©√V| √u§© º√E™VÏ: ∂kÏ ""÷ºB∑
˛§¸ms[ ªaB¬ÔV´™VÔ'' ÷ÚÕ>VÏ (kƒ™D 1∂). ""ªaB¬ÔV´[''
®[√m ""∂ΩÁ\'' ®[√>uÔV™ ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>l_ (doulos) ÷ÚÕm
kÕm^·m. º´V\¬ zΩ\¬Ô”¬z ""∂ΩÁ\'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á>•D ∂m
\Á≈xÔ\VÔ cÏ›m˛≈ ®_ÈV s≠B∫Ô”D Â[z √w¬Ô\V™>VÔ
÷ÚÕ>m. º´V\VAˆl_ ÿ\V›> \¬Ô^ ÿ>VÁÔl_ √V]¬zD ∂]Ô
\V™kÏÔ^ (∑\VÏ 600,000 º√ÏÔ^) ∂ΩÁ\Ô·VÔ ÷ÚÕ>™Ï ®[Æ
\]©∏¶©√‚|^·m. º´V\VAˆl_ ÷ÚÕ> ƒ´Vƒˆ¬ zΩ\Ô[, ∂ΩÁ\
®[Æ ∂Áw¬Ô©√|kÁ> ∂k\V™\VÔ¬ ÔÚ]™VÏ. ŒÚ ∂ΩÁ\
®[√kÏ ÷[ÿ™VÚkÚ¬z cˆBk´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ; ∂kÏ ŒÚ cÁ¶Á\
BVÔºk ÷ÚÕ>VÏ, ∂kÏ >M©√‚¶ cˆÁ\ ®Á>•D ÿÔVıΩÚ¬Ô
s_ÁÈ. ∂kÏ >\m ®¤\V™Á´© ∏ˆB©√|›m>_ ®[√m \V›]´º\
∂k´m ÷Ú©∏[ xø ºÂV¬Ô\VlÚÕ>m. ÷ÚÕ>º√V]KD, √°_
>DÁ\ ŒÚ ∂ΩÁ\BVÔºk ∂Á¶BV·©√|›]¬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ:
""÷ºB∑˛§¸m''°¬z ∂ΩÁ\. ∂Õ> ∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ \™sÚ©√x^·
∂ΩÁ\BVÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. ∂kÏ >DÁ\¬ z§›m WÁ™¬Ôs_ÁÈ, g™V_
>\m ®¤\V™Ú¬z¬ ˇµ©√Ωk>uÔVÔºk kVµÕ>VÏ (ÔÈV›]BÏ
2:20).
¿∫Ô”D ÂV–D̶ ÷ºB∑°¬z ∂ΩÁ\Ô·VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD. ÂVD
∂k´m ÷´›>›]™V_ sÁȬz kV∫Ô©√‚|^º·VD (1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ

2
6:19, 20; 7:22, 23; 9:19); ÂVD ∂kÚ¬z cˆBkÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD.
º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√›]_ ∏u√V|, √°_ ÂVD ˛§¸m°¬z^
QV™¸ÂV™D ÿ√u≈º√Vm (º´V\Ï 6:3-6), ÂVD ""¿]¬z ∂ΩÁ\Ô·V
º™VD'' ®[Æ ko•Æ›]™VÏ (kƒ™∫Ô^ 17, 18). ÂVD ÿƒF˛≈ ®_ÈV
ku§KD Â\m ¿]•^· ®¤\V™Á´ (ÔÏ›>Á´) \˛Á\©√|›> ÂVD
yÏ\VM©º√V\VÔ.
√°_ >DÁ\ ŒÚ ∂ΩÁ\ ®[Æ cÁ´›> ∏[A, >\m x>[Á\fl
E≈©Á√¬ z§©∏‚¶VÏ: ∂kÏ ""∂©º√V¸>È™VzD√Ω ∂Áw¬Ô©
√‚¶k´VÔ'' ÷ÚÕ>VÏ (1:1g). x>ÈVk>VÔ, ∂kÏ ÷ºB∑°¬z ŒÚ
∂ΩÁ\BVÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ; ÷´ı¶Vk>VÔ, ∂kÏ ŒÚ ∂©º√V¸>È´VÔ
÷ÚÕ>VÏ. ´VÎB›]_ Â\m √Ë©ÿ√VÆ©A ®[™kVÔ ÷ÚÕ>VKD,
ÂVD x>o_ \uÆD x>[x>o_ ªaB¬ÔV´ÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô
ºkı|D.
""∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ'' ®[√m g∫˛ÈD/\uÆD >tµ ÿ\VaÔπ_
Œoÿ√BϬԩ√‚¶ ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>BVÔ (apostolos) c^·m. ÷m ""÷ÚÕm''
(“from”) (apo) ®[≈ x[MÁ¶fl ÿƒV_ÁÈ•D ""∂–©√'' (“to send”) (stello)
®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√¶¬ÌΩB sÁ™flÿƒV_o[ ÿ√BÏflÿƒV_ kΩk›Á>•D
÷Á›m© ÿ√≈©√‚|^·m. ""∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ'' ®[√m ""∂–©√©√‚¶
ŒÚkÏ'' ®[≈ ºÂ´Ω ∂Ï›>›Á>› >Ú˛≈m.2 ÷ÀkVÏ›Á> EÈ ºkÁ·Ôπ_
ÿ√VmkV™ ÔÚ›mÏs_ √B[√|›>©√‚|^·m. ºBVkV[ 13:16_
÷m ""∂–©√©√‚¶ ŒÚkÏ'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·m,
\uÆD 2 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 8:23, ∏o©∏BÏ 2:25 g˛B kƒ™©√z]Ôπ_,
÷m ""ÿƒF]BV·Ï [Ô^]” ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·m. √Ï™√V,
∂Õ]ºBV˛BVs_ ÷ÚÕ> ƒÁ√l™V_ ∂–©√©√‚ΩÚÕ>√ΩBV_
(¶√ΩÔ^ 13:1-3) ∂kÏ ""∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ'' ®[Æ z§©∏¶©√‚¶VÏ
(¶√ΩÔ^ 14:14). kw¬Ô\VÔ, ""∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á>
A]B ∞u√V‚Ω_ - ÷ºB∑s™V_ º>ÏÕmÿÔV^·©√‚|
∂–©√©√‚¶kÏÔÁ· ∂>Vkm, √[MÚkÁ´ (Ÿ¬ÔV 6:13;
¶√ΩÔ^ 1:26) \uÆD √°ÁÈ z§©∏|k>uz - ŒÚ sºƒ≠¬
ÔÚ›mÏs_ √B[√|›>©√‚|^·m. √°_ A≈¤V]
BVÚ¬z ∂©º√V¸>È´VzD√Ω ÷ºB∑˛§¸ms™V_ º>ÏÕm
ÿÔV^·©√‚¶VÏ (¶√ΩÔ^ 9:15; º´V\Ï 1:5n¬ ÔV°D).
√°_ >DÁ\› >Vº\ ∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ ®[Æ WBt›m¬ ÿÔVı¶>VÔ
∂kÁ´ s\ÏE›>kÏÔ^ ∂kÏ*m zu≈D ∑\›]™Ï, ®™ºk ∂kÏ >VD
""∂©º√V¸>È´VzD√Ω ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>Á>'' (“called as an apos-
tle”3) ko•Æ›]™VÏ. ∂kÏ ""º>k–Á¶B E›>›]™V_'' ∂Áw¬Ô©
√‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ (1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 1:1; ÔÈV›]BÏ 1:1; ®º√EBÏ 1:1; ÿÔVºÈV
ÿƒBÏ 1:1; 1 yº\V›º>• 1:1; 2 yº\V›º>• 1:1 g˛BkuÁ≈¬ ÔV°D).
÷Õ>› ÿ>FTÔ ∂Áw©A, ∂kÏ ""˛ÚÁ√ÁB•D ∂©º√V¸>È›m
k›Á>•D'' (º´V\Ï 1:5) ÿ√uƬÿÔVı¶ ÷¶\V™ >\¸z ÂÔˆ_
WÔµÕ>m.
√°_ >\m WÁÈ©√V‚Á¶•D x>[Á\fl E≈©Á√•D z§©

3
∏‚¶∏[A, >\m ºÂV¬Ô›Á> ko•Æ›]™VÏ: ∂kÏ ""º>k–Á¶B
∑sºƒ≠›]uÔVÔ© ∏ˆ›ÿ>|¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>VÏ'' (kƒ™D 1÷). z‚¸¨|
®[√kˆ[ ºk>VÔ\©√]s_ ""º>k–Á¶B ÂuÿƒF]ÁB ∂§s¬Ô©
∏ˆ›m Ák¬Ô©√‚¶kÏ'' ®[Æ^·m. 15D kƒ™›]_ √°_ >\m
kVƒÔÏÔ”¬z, ""c∫Ô”¬zD ®[™V_ ÷B[≈\‚|D ∑sºƒ≠›Á>©
∏´ƒ∫˛¬Ô sÚDA˛º≈['' ®[Æ Ì§™VÏ. ∑sºƒ≠›Á> ®_ÈV
Ú¶–D √˛ÏÕmÿÔV^”>_ ®[√º> ∂kÚÁ¶B kVµs_ ∂k´m
ºÂV¬Ô\VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m.
√°_ Œ©A¬ÿÔV|›>KÁ¶B √ˆºƒB´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>√ΩBV_
(∏o©∏BÏ 3:5, 6), ∂kÏ ÷Às¶›]_ ŒÚ kVÏ›Á> sÁ·BV‚Á¶©
√B[√|›]lÚ¬ÔÈVD. ""∏ˆ›ÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ
√‚|^· ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>BV™m (aphorismenos) ""√ˆºƒBÏ'' (pharisaios)
®[≈ kVÏ›Á>¬ÔV™ ∂º> ºkÏ ∂Ï›>D ÿÔVı|^·m.4 gı¶Ï¸
Á¬ÿ´[ ®[√kÏ, ""ŒÚ √ˆºƒBÏ ®[≈ kÁÔl_ ∂kÏ WBVB©∏´\V
›]uÿÔ[Æ >DÁ\© ∏ˆ›m Ák›]ÚÕ>VÏ. g™V_ ÷©º√Vm
∂kÁ´› º>k[ xu§KD \VÆ√‚¶ Œ[§uÔVÔ, "º>k–Á¶B
∑sºƒ≠›]uÔVÔ' ∏ˆ›m ®|›>VÏ'' ®[Æ ®ø]™VÏ.5

∑sºƒ≠›Á> c^·¶¬z>_
√°_ >DÁ\› >Vº\ ∂§xÔ©√|›]¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VKD, ∂kÏ
[kVƒÔÏÔπ[] Ôk™›Á>› >Dt_ ÷ÚÕm sÁ´sºÈºB ∑sºƒ
≠›Á> ºÂV¬˛› ]Ú©∏™VÏ: ""º>k–Á¶B ∑sºƒ≠›]uÔVÔ© ∏ˆ›
ÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶'' (º´V\Ï 1:1÷). ""∑sºƒ≠D'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ
√‚¶ ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á> (euangelion) ""Â_È'' (eu) ""ÿƒF]'' ∂_Èm ""#mfl
ÿƒF]'' (angelion) ®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√|˛≈m.
ÿƒF] ®[√m cıÁ\l_ ¶Õ> EÈkuÁ≈© √u§B ∂§¬ÁÔ
BVÔ c^·m, g™V_ ∂Á>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD º\ÈV™>VÔ°D c^·m.
÷[Æ ÔVÁÈl_ ÂV[ ®™m >ÁÈÁB [Ê©Á√¬ÿÔVı|] Êsº™[
- ÷Às¶›]_ ÂV[ s‚|flÿƒ[Æ^·m ®[™ÿk[≈V_ - ÷m
tÔ ∂ˆ>VÔºk ŒÚ ÿƒF] ®[Æ ÔV©√|D. ÿƒF] ®[√m >Mfl
E≈©A^· EÈ s≠B∫Ô^ ÂÁ¶ÿ√u≈m ®[√>VzD. ∑sºƒ≠D
""ÿƒF]BVÔ'' c^·m ®[≈ cıÁ\, ∂m cıÁ\BVÔºk ¶Õ>m -
∂m ŒÚ Ôu√Á™¬ ÔÁ>B_È - ®[√Á>fl ∑‚Ω¬ÔVı∏¬˛≈m \uÆD
∂m x¬˛B\V™>VÔ c^·m! ÷Ú©∏–D, ∑sºƒ≠D ®[√m ÿƒF]
®[√Á>s¶ ∂]Ô\V™>VÔ c^·m; ∂m ÂuÿƒF]BVÔ c^·m.
ÂV[ ®™m ºkÁÈÁB ÷wÕº>[ ®[≈V_, ∂m z§©∏¶›>¬Ô>VÔ
÷Ú¬zD, g™V_ ∂Á> ®[ \Á™s ŒÚ ÂuÿƒF] ®[Æ ÔÚ>\V‚
¶VÏ. BVº´–D ŒÚkÏ ®™¬z© ÿ√ˆB ÿ>VÁÔÿBV[Á≈¬
ÿÔV|©√VÏ ®[≈V_, ∂Á> ®™m \Á™s ""ÿƒF]'' ®[ÆD ""Â_Èm''
®[ÆD ÔÚmkVÏ! ÂVD √Vk∫Ôπ_ ÷wÕmº√VÔ©√‚|, ÂDÁ\ ÂVº\
÷´‚E¬Ô¬ ̶V>kÏÔ·VÔ ÷ÚÕ>º√V]KD, ÂVD ÷´‚E¬Ô©√|D√Ω
Â\¬ÔVÔ \ˆ©√>uz› º>k[ >\m z\V´Á™ ∂–©∏™VÏ ®[√º>

4
∑sºƒ≠›][ ""ÂuÿƒF]BVÔ'' c^·m (ºBVkV[ 3:16). ˛§¸ms[
\´D, ∂¶¬ÔD, clÏ›ÿ>ø>_ ®[√m>V[ ÂuÿƒF]l[ ÷Ú>BD
º√V[≈ Á\B©√z]BVzD (1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 15:1-4).
÷Õ> ÂuÿƒF]ÁB© √u§©, √°_ x>o_ ∂m º>k™V_
∂π¬Ô©√‚¶m ®[Æ z§©∏‚¶VÏ.6 ÷Á> ∂kÏ ""º>k–Á¶B
∑sºƒ≠D'' ®[Æ ∂Áw›>VÏ (º´V\Ï 1:1÷). ∑sºƒ≠D √°o[
EÕÁ>l_ º>Vu≈D ÿ√≈s_ÁÈ; ∂m \M>ÏÔπ[ QV™›]™V_
cı¶V™m\_È; ∂m º>kM¶›]_ ÷ÚÕº> kÕ]ÚÕ>m. AB
ºk>VÔ\D ÷Á> good news “of and from God” (º>k™V_ º>kM¶
tÚÕm kÕ> ÂuÿƒF]) ®[Æ ∂Áw¬˛≈m.
∂|›>>VÔ, √°_ ∑sºƒ≠D yϬÔ>ˆEÔ·V_ kV¬z›>›>D
√ı©√‚ΩÚÕ>m ®[Æ cÁ´›>VÏ: ""º>k[ >DxÁ¶B yϬÔ
>ˆEÔ^ JÈ\VF© √ˆ∑›> ºk>VÔ\∫Ôπ_ x[º™ >DxÁ¶B
∑sºƒ≠›Á>©√u§ kV¬z›>›>D√ıË™√Ω'' (kƒ™D 4). ∂kÏ
[√°_] ""÷ºB∑ ˛§¸mÁk© √u§B ÂuÿƒF]BV™m √ÁwB ∞u√V|
®[≈ \ıË_ cÆ]BVÔ ºk‘[§•^·m''7 (c>V´›]uz, 1:17n¬
ÔV°D) ®[√Á> ®_ÈVÚD ∂§B ºkı|D ®[Æ sÚD∏™VÏ.
º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√›]_, ®∏ÿ´B ºk>kƒ™∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm
®ø√›m ÂV[z º\uºÔV^Ô^ ∂¶∫˛•^·™.8
tÔ°D x¬˛B\VÔ, √°_ >\m kVƒÔÏÔ^, ∑sºƒ≠D ÷ºB∑Ákfl
∑‚Ω¬ÔVı∏›>Á>© AˆÕmÿÔV^· ºkı|D ®[Æ sÚD∏™VÏ.
∂m ""º>kz\V´Á™© √u§B ... º>k–Á¶B ∑sºƒ≠\VÔ'' c^·m
(kƒ™∫Ô^ 1÷, 4∂). ∏o©¸ ®[√kˆ[ ºk>VÔ\›]_ ""∑sºƒ≠D
®[√m º>k–Á¶B z\V´M_ Á\B∫ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛≈m'' ®[§Ú¬
˛≈m (kƒ™D 4∂). ∑sºƒ≠D Œº´ ŒÚ Á\B¬ÔÚ›Á>¬ ÿÔVı
|^·m, ∂Õ> Á\B¬ÔÚ›>VÔ c^·kÏ ˛§¸mºk.9

÷ºB∑Ák ko•Æ›m>_
÷Õ> ÷¶›]_, √°o[ Ôk™¬zs©A *ı|D \VÆ˛≈m -
÷ÀºkÁ·l_ ÷ºB∑Ák ºÂV¬˛ \VÆ˛≈m. 5D kƒ™D, ˛§¸mÁk¬
z§›m ºk> kƒ™∫Ôπ_ c^· \Vÿ√ÚD ÌuÆÔπ_ Œ[Á≈¬
ÿÔVı|^·m. x>ÈVkm, √°_ ÷ºB∑ ""\VDƒ›][√Ω >VT][
ƒÕ>]l_ ∏≈Õ>kÏ'' ®[Æ Ì§™VÏ (kƒ™D 5∂). ˛§¸ms[ \M>©
√z]ÁB ÿ√VÆ›>kÁ´l_, ∂kÏ >VTm ∂´ƒˆ[ ka›º>V[≈ÈVÔ
÷ÚÕ>VÏ (\›º>• 1:1), ∂kÏ >VT][ ºÂ´Ω kDƒVkπÁBfl
ºƒÏÕ> \ˆBVπ¶›]_ ∏≈Õ>VÏ (Ÿ¬ÔV 1:27). gÁÔBV_, ÷ºB∑,
xøÁ\BVÔ \M>´VlÚÕ>VÏ. ∂º> ºkÁ·l_, ∂kÏ xøÁ\
BVÔ› º>k™VÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ. ∂kÏ ""√ˆ∑›>x^· gsl[√Ω º>k–
Á¶B ∑>ÿ™[Æ \ˆ›º>VˆoÚÕm clÏ›ÿ>øÕ>]™VºÈ √È\VF
‘∏¬Ô©√‚¶ º>kz\V´–\VlÚ¬˛≈VÏ'' (kƒ™D 5g).
5D kƒ™›][ ºÂÏ\VÆ ÿ>πkVÔ c^·m: ÷ºB∑s[ \VDƒ›Á>©
ÿ√VÆ›>\‚Ω_, ∂kÏ >VT][ ƒÕ>]BVÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ; g™V_ ∂k´m

5
gsÁB© ÿ√VÆ›>\‚Ω_, ∂kÏ º>k–Á¶B z\V´™VÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ.
∂k´m ÿ>FTÔ \Ô°ˆÁ\¬z kw¬ÔV¶ ÷BÈV> W‘√›Á> ∂k´m
clÏ›ÿ>ø>_ ∂π¬˛≈m. z‚¸¨| ®[√kÏ ÷Àkƒ™›][ Á\B¬
ÔÚ›Á>© ∏[kÚ\VÆ ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ›m^·VÏ: He “was physically de-
scended from David, and decisively declared Son of God ... by being raised from
the dead.” gÁÔBV_ ∂Ω©√Á¶ ∂Ï›>D ÿ>πkVÔ c^·m - g™V_
5D kƒ™›]_ ÂVD ÌÆ Ì≈VÔ© ∏ˆ›m c´› º>ÁkBV™ ∂]Ô\V™
>Ôk_ c^·m.
÷ºB∑ ""º>kz\V´[ ®[Æ ∂§s¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ [>tµ ºk>VÔ
\›]_ ÷m "‘∏¬Ô©√‚¶' ®[Æ^·m].'' clÏ›ÿ>ø>_ ÷ºB∑Ák›
º>kz\V´™V¬zk]_ÁÈ; ∂kÏ ®©º√Vmº\ ÿ>FTÔ›mk\V™k
´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ [÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ]. \V≈VÔ, clÏ›ÿ>ø>_ ®[√m ""÷kÏ
®[ ºÂƒz\V´[, ÷kˆ_ ∏ˆB\VlÚ¬˛º≈['' ®[√m √u§› º>k–
Á¶B ÿ>V¶ÏflEBV™ ∂§s©√VÔ/W‘√\VÔ c^·m (\›º>•
17:5; 3:17n¬ ÔV°D). EKÁk ®[√m ÷ºB∑ º>k–Á¶B z\V´[
∂_È ®[Æ ÌÆk>uÔV™ cÈÔ›][ kaBVÔ ÷ÚÕ> (\›º>• 27:40n¬
ÔV°D) ºkÁ·l_, clÏ›ÿ>ø>ÈV™m ""gD ∂kÏ º>k–Á¶B
z\V´™VÔºk ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ'' ®[Æ ÌÆk>uÔV™ º>k–Á¶B kaBVÔ
÷ÚÕ>m.
÷ºB∑, ""√È\VF ‘∏¬Ô©√‚¶ º>kz\V´™VlÚ¬˛≈VÏ.''
º´V\ÏÔ^ √È›Á>© √u§ ∂§Õ]ÚÕ>™Ï: ∂kÏÔ^ √È›Á>©
∏´ºBV˛›>™Ï; ∂kÏÔ^ √È›Á> g´V]›>™Ï. ∂kÏÔπ¶›]_
¿∫Ô^, ""BVÚ¬z© √ÈD c^·m?'' ®[Æ ºÔ‚œÏÔÿ·[≈V_, ∂kÏÔ^
c∫Ô”¬z, ""÷´Vbk›]™V_ √È©√|›>©√‚¶ º√´´ƒÚ¬ºÔ √ÈD
c^·m'' ®[Æ √]_ ∂π›]Ú©√VÏÔ^. g™V_ cıÁ\lºÈºB
º>k[>VD √ÈD ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ [÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ], \uÆD ∂kÏ >\m
z\V´Á™ \ˆ›º>VˆoÚÕm clÏ©∏¬Ô› >\m \Vÿ√ÚD √È›Á>©
√B[√|›]lÚÕ>VÏ.
÷ºB∑, ""\ˆ›º>VˆoÚÕm clÏ›ÿ>øÕ>]™VºÈ √È\VF
‘∏¬Ô©√‚¶ º>kz\V´–\VlÚ¬˛≈VÏ.''10 º>k–Á¶B *‚∏[
]‚¶›]_ clÏ›ÿ>ø>o[ x¬˛B›mk›Á> ∂]Ô\VF ko•Æ›>
∂kEBt_ÁÈ. ˛§¸ms[ ƒZ´D Ô_ÈÁ≈lºÈºB ÷ÚÕ]Ú¬zD
®[≈V_, √Vk›]uz ∂kÏ ÿƒK›]B √o º>k™V_ ∞uƬÿÔV^·¬
ÌΩB>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>>V ÷_ÁÈBV ®[≈ ºÔ^s•D WÁÈ›]ÚÕ]Ú¬zD.
º>k[ ∂kÁ´ ˝k–¬z clÏ©∏›>VÏ ®[≈ cıÁ\BV™m, ∂k´m
√o ∞uƬÿÔV^·©√‚¶m, ∂>Vkm √Vk›]uÿÔ]´V™ º>k–Á¶B
√ˆ∑›> ºÔV√\V™m (º´V\Ï 1:18n¬ ÔV°D) ƒVÕ>©√|›>©√‚¶m
(º´V\Ï 3:25n¬ ÔV°D) ®[Æ ∂§s¬˛≈m! ÷ºB∑s[ clÏ›
ÿ>ø>_ >M›>[Á\ kVFÕ>>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m; \u≈kÏÔ”D̶ clÏ©
∏¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>™Ï, g™V_ ÷ºB∑ \V›]´º\ ""*ı|D ŒÚ¬ÔVKD
\ˆBV]Ú¬zD√Ω'' clÏ©∏¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ (6:9). ÷Õ> Œº´ kÁÔlÈV™
clÏ›ÿ>ø>ÈV™m ÷ºB∑ ÷ÚÕ> ®_ÈVx\VÔ°D >VD ÿƒF>

6
®_ÈVku§KD ®_ÈVx\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ ®[√>uz› º>k–Á¶B
∂∫ˇÔV´ x›]Á´BVÔ c^·m!
÷ºB∑ ˛§¸m ""√ˆ∑›>x^· gsl[√Ω'' º>k–Á¶B
∑>ÿ™[Æ clÏ›ÿ>ø>o™VºÈ ∂§s¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ. EÈ ÿ\Va
ÿ√BÏ©AÔπ_ “spirit” ®[≈ kVÏ›Á> E§B “s”n¬ ÿÔVı|^·m,
÷m ÷ÀkVÏ›Á> ÷ºB∑s[ ÿƒVÕ> gsÁB ∂_Èm ∂k´m
gs¬zˆB ÷B_Á√¬ (KJV; NRSV; Goodspeed) z§©√>V¬z˛≈m.
÷Ú©∏–D, ÿ√ÚD√V[Á\BV™ ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©AÔπ_, ÿ√ˆB “S,”
÷¶©√‚| ÷ÀkVÏ›Á> √ˆ∑›> gsBV™kÁ´¬ z§©√>V¬z˛≈m.11
F. F. A‘¸ ®[√kˆ[ ÌuÆ©√Ω, ""√ˆ∑›>x^· gs ®[√m "√ˆ∑›>
gsBV™kÁ´©' √u§¬ ÌÆk>uÔV™ ®∏ÿ´B ÿ\Val[ xÁ≈BV™
kaBVÔ c^·m.''12 ""√ˆ∑›>x^· gsl[√Ω'' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Ï,
clÏ›ÿ>ø>o[ k´ÈVuÁ≈© √ˆ∑›> gs ÿkπ©√|›]™VÏ ®[≈
cıÁ\ÁB¬ z§©∏¶¬Ì|D, g™V_ ÷m ∂º™Ô\VÔ, ÷ºB∑
gsBV™kˆ[ k_ÈÁ\l™V_ clÏ©∏¬Ô©√‚¶>uÔV™ z§©Á√¬
ÿÔVıΩÚ¬ÔÈVD (º´V\Ï 8:11n¬ ÔV°D).
º´V\Ï 1:3, 4D kƒ™D, 1:4[ xΩs_ ""ÂDxÁ¶B ... ÔÏ›>´V˛B
÷ºB∑ ˛§¸mkV™kÏ'' ®[Æ ÷ºB∑°¬zˆB ∂]ÔV´›mk©
ÿ√BÁ´¬ z§©∏|k>[ JÈD cflƒ›]uz¬ ÿÔVı| k´©√|˛≈m.
÷ÀkVÏ›Á>Ô^ 5D kƒ™›]_ ÔV©√|D kVÏ›Á>Ô”¶[
∏Á¬Ô©√|˛≈m. ÷Às´ıÁ¶•D Œ[§Á©√>[ JÈD ÂVD,
""∂k´m z\V´™V˛B ... Â\m ÔÏ›>´V˛B ÷ºB∑ ˛§¸mkV™kÏ''
®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Á´© ÿ√Æ˛º≈VD. ""ÂDxÁ¶B ÔÏ›>´V˛B
÷ºB∑ ˛§¸mkV™kÏ'' ®[≈ ÿƒV_s·¬ÔD, ÷ºB∑ ˛§¸m
BV´VÔ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ ®[√>uÔV™ tÔ°D xøÁ\BV™ ÿƒV_s·¬Ô
\VÔ c^·m, \uÆD ŒÀÿkVÚ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶ÚD >MflE≈©Á√¬
ÿÔVı| ÿ√V]B©√‚|^·m. ""÷ºB∑,'' ∂kÏ ÷´‚E©∏[ g>V´
JÈ\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ ®[Æ ∂§s¬˛≈VÏ. ""˛§¸m'' ®[√m ""º\EBV''
®[√>uÔV™ ˛º´¬Ô ÿƒV_ kΩk\VÔ c^·m - ∂>Vkm, ∂∏º≠ÔD
√ı©√‚¶kÏ, ÷´V¤V, R>ÏÔ^ √È ±u≈Vı|Ô·VÔ¬ ÔV›]ÚÕ>
∂Õ> ŒÚkÏ. ""ÔÏ›>Ï'' ®[√m ""®¤\V™Ï'' ∂_Èm ""g”ÁÔ ÿƒF√kÏ'' ®[Æ
∂Ï›>©√|˛≈m. ÷Õ> xD\¶∫ÔV™, ®_ÈVkuÁ≈•D c^·¶¬˛B
>ÁÈ©√V™m/√‚¶©ÿ√B´V™m R>ÏÔ”¬z tÔ°D >MflE≈©√V™
∂Ï›>D >ÚD ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Ú¶[ (""º\EBV'') A≈¤V]BVÚ¬z tÔ°D
∂Ï›>D WÁ≈Õ> kVÏ›Á>ÁB (""ÔÏ›>Ï'') ÷Á›>m. ÷ÕWÚ√D
xøk]KD, √°_ R>ÏÔ”¬zD A≈¤V]BVÚ¬zD ºkı|ºÔV^
s|¬Ôfl ÿƒF•D xBuEÔÁ· ÂVD ÔVıº√VD.

√°ÁÈ [∏´BVƒ©√¶¬] ÌΩBk´V¬z>_

√°_ ÷ºB∑Ák©√u§ skV]¬zDº√Vm - skV>›Á>› ]ÚD√°D
>Dt¶º\ ÿÔVı| kÕ>VÏ: ""®∫Ô”¬z¬ 13 ˛ÚÁ√ÁB•D
∂©º√V¸>È ªaB›Á>•D ∂Úπfl ÿƒF]Ú¬˛≈VÏ'' (kƒ™D

7
7g). ""˛ÚÁ√ [charis] ®[√m √°K¬z tÔ©∏ˆB\V™ kVÏ›
Á>Ôπ_ Œ[≈VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m, \uÆD ... ∂kÏ ∂Á>© √_ºkÆ
kÁÔÔπ_ √B[√|›]™VÏ, g™V_ ®©º√Vmº\ ∂m >z]
Bu≈ \¬Ô”¬z› º>k–Á¶B ~° ®[≈ EÕ>Á™•¶º™ºB
√B[√|›]™VÏ.'' 14 √°_ >VD ÷ºB∑s[ JÈD ""˛ÚÁ√ÁB©
ÿ√uƬÿÔVı¶>VÔ'' ̧Bº√Vm, ∂kÏ >\m ÷´‚E©Á√
(1 yº\V›º>• 1:15, 16n¬ ÔV°D) EÕÁ>l_ ÿÔVıΩÚÕm
÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. ∂kÏ >z]Bu≈k´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>º√V]KD, >DÁ\ ÷ºB∑
A≈¤V]BVÚ¬z ∂©º√V¸>È´VÔ› º>ÏÕmÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ ®[≈
gflƒˆB\V™ cıÁ\ÁB¬ z§©∏‚ΩÚ¬Ô ∂]ÔD ƒV›]B¬ÌÆ
c^·m (º´V\Ï 15:15, 16; 1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 15:9, 10; ®º√EBÏ 3:7, 8;
1 yº\V›º>• 1:12-14n¬ ÔV°D). √°ÁÈ© ÿ√VÆ›>\‚Ω_,
ŒÀÿkVÚ ˛§¸>k› ]≈Á\•D √Ë©ÿ√VÆ©AD º>k™V_
∂Ú·©√‚¶>VÔ, ÔÏ›>ˆ[ gflƒˆB\V™ ˛ÚÁ√l–Á¶B
ÿkπ©√V¶VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m (º´V\Ï 12:6 -8).
√°_ >\¸zs_ √È gı|Ô”¬z x[™>VÔ ""˛ÚÁ√ÁB•D
∂©º√V¸>È›mk›Á>•D ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ.'' ∂Õ> ÂÔÚ¬zfl ÿƒ_KD
ƒVÁÈl_ ∂kÚ¬z ÷ºB∑ >ˆƒ™\V˛lÚÕ>VÏ (¶√ΩÔ^ 9:3-5),
∂kÁ´ ∂©º√V¸>È´Vk>uz› >z]©√|›] ÷ÚÕ>VÏ (¶√ΩÔ^
1:22g; 1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 15:8-10n¬ ÔV°D). ∏[A √°ÁÈ QV™¸
ÂV™©√|›>¬ ÔÏ›>Ï ∂™MBV ®[≈ ÿ√BÏÿÔVı¶ ∏´ƒ∫˛BVÁ´
∂–©∏ (¶√ΩÔ^ 22:16; 9:18) ÿ>FTÔ ªaB›Á> Œ©As›>VÏ:
""... A≈¤V]Ô”¬zD ´V¤V¬Ô”¬zD ÷¸´ºk_ A›]´Ú¬zD ®[–
Á¶B ÂV\›Á> ∂§s¬˛≈>uÔVÔ ÂV[ ÿ>ˆÕmÿÔVı¶ √V›]´\V
lÚ¬˛≈V['' (¶√ΩÔ^ 9:15).
A≈¤V]BVÚ¬z ∂©º√V¸>ÈÏ ®[≈ kÁÔl_, √°_ ®[™
ÿƒFB ºkıΩlÚÕ>m? ∂k´m ∂§xÔ¬ z§©AÔÁ·› ÿ>V¶ÏÕm,
√°_ >\m √Ë©ÿ√VÆ©Á√ skˆ›>VÏ: ""ƒÔȤV]ÔÁ·•D ... >\m
ÂV\›]Mt›>D s∑kVƒ›]uz¬ ˇµ©√ΩB©√ıbDÿ√VÚ‚|15''
(º´V\Ï 1:6, 7). ÷m ÷Õ> WÚ√›]_ ""s∑kVƒD'' (pistis) ®[√m x>[
xÁ≈BVÔ¬ z§©∏¶©√|D ÷¶\VzD, ÷m √°_ >\m gF°¬
ÔÚ›Á> º\D√|›>© √B[√|›]B ]≈°ºÔV_ kVÏ›Á>BVzD. ÂVD
s∑kVƒ›][ ∂Ω©√Á¶lºÈºB ÷´‚E¬Ô©√|˛º≈VD ®[Æ ∂kÏ
ko•Æ›]™VÏ. ÷Ú©∏–D, ÂVD ∂k´m skV>›Á> kVE¬ÁÔl_,
∂kÏ ÷≈Õmº√V™, \ȶV™ s∑kVƒ›Á>B_È (BV¬ºÔVA 2:17,
26n¬ ÔV°D), g™V_ clÚ^· \uÆD ÿƒB_mΩ©A^·
s∑kVƒ›Á>ºB ∂Ï›>©√|›]™VÏ ®[√Á>fl EÕÁ>l_ Ák¬Ô
ºkı|D. ""ˇµ©√Ω>_'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^· kVÏ›Á>
(hupakoe) ""ºÔ^s©√|>_'' ®[√>uÔV™ kVÏ›Á>ÁB (akouo) ""ˇºw''
®[√>uÔV™ kVÏ›Á>•¶[ (hupo) ÷Á›m© ÿ√≈©√‚|^·m.
÷m ˇµ©√Ω>_ ®[≈ ÔÚ›Á>fl ∑\Õm^·m.16
""s∑kVƒ›]uz¬ ˇµ©√Ω>_'' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Á´© √È

8
ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©AÔ^ ®ÀkVÆ >´kÁw›m^·™ ®[√m ˇºw
>´©√|˛≈m:

""s∑kVƒ›]_ ÷ÚÕm kÚ˛≈ ˇµ©√Ω>_'' (NIV)

""s∑kVƒ›]uz¬ ˇµ©√Ω>_'' (Phillips)
""s∑kVƒxD ˇµ©√Ω>KD'' (NEB)
""s∑kVE›m ˇµ©√Ω'' (NCV)
""s∑kVƒD WÁ≈Õ> ˇµ©√Ω>_'' (Barclay)

¶¬·¸ J. J ®[√kÏ, ""s∑kVƒD, cıÁ\BV™>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>V_,

®©º√Vmº\ ∂>[ sÁ·kVÔ¬ ˇµ©√Ω>_ ÿkπkÕm^·m;
ˇµ©√Ω>_, º>kÁ™© ∏ˆB©√|›mk>VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[≈V_,
∂m ®©º√Vmº\ s∑kVƒ›Á>› mÁBVÔ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬Ô ºkı|D''
®[Æ s·¬ÔD ∂π›>VÏ.17 D. ¸|kVÏ‚ ∏ˆ¸ºÔV ®[√kÏ, ""√°ÁÈ©
ÿ√VÆ›>\‚Ω_ "s∑kVƒD' ®[√m A›]ÌÏÁ\l_ cBÚ>_ ∂_Èm
ÂD∏¬ÁÔl[ ®ı©º√V¬z ®[√Á>s¶°D̶ Ô˃\VÔ ∂]Ô
∂·°Á¶B>VÔ¬ ÔÚ>©√‚¶m ®[√Á>¬ ÔkM©√m x¬˛B\V™>VÔ
c^·m. ∂k´m ∏´ƒ∫˛›>o_ s∑kVƒD ®[√m, ˇµ©√Ω>o[
kVµ° ÂÁ¶ÁB¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m, ®™ºk ∂kÏ ®∫ºÔ ÿƒ[≈VKD,
\¬Ô^ cB´fl ÿƒ_k>uÔV™ ƒ›]B›Á>, ∂kÏÔ^ ÂD∏¬ÁÔ
Ák¬Ô¬ÌΩB kV¬z›>›>∫ÔÁ· \uÆD ∂kÏÔ^ ˇµ©√ΩB ºkıΩB
Ô‚¶Á·ÔÁ· ∂kÏ x[Ák›>VÏ'' ®[Æ ÔkM›m^·VÏ.18 √°o[
\™]_, cıÁ\BV™ s∑kVƒxD º\[Á\BV™ ˇµ©√Ω>KD ∏ˆ¬Ô
÷BÈV>ÁkÔ·VÔ ÷ÚÕ>™. ∂Àk©º√Vm, ∂kÏ ÷Õ>fl ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Ï
ÔÁ· Œ[Ƭz©√]ÈVÔ ÷[ÿ™V[≈VԬ̶© √B[√|›]™VÏ
(c>V´\VÔ, º´V\Ï 10:16n¬ ÔV°D). ÷´‚E¬zD s∑kVƒxD
º>k™V_ ∂∫ˇÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶ ˇµ©√Ω>KD Œº´ ÂVB›][ ÷Ú
√¬Ô∫Ô^ ®[≈ kÁÔl_ WÁ™›m© √VÚ∫Ô^. ∂ÁkÔ^ >M›
>MBVÔ¬ ÔÈÕmÁ´BV¶©√¶ÈVD, g™V_ ∂kuÁ≈© ∏ˆ¬Ô
÷BÈVm.19

÷ºB∑Ák º\[Á\©√|›m>_/cBÏ›m>_
÷ºB∑ √°ÁÈ© A≈¤V]BVÚ¬z ∂©º√V¸>È´V¬˛Bm ®>uÔVÔ
®[√m √u§B ÌuÁ≈ ÂVD ÷[™xD xΩ¬Ôs_ÁÈ. √°_ ""ƒÔȤV]
ÔÁ·•D ... >\m (˛§¸ms[) ÂV\›]Mt›>D s∑kVƒ›m¬z¬ ˇµ©
√ΩB©√ıbD ÿ√VÚ‚|'' (1:6, 7). √°_ A≈¤V]BVÚ¬z© ∏´ƒ∫˛©
√>uz ŒÚ ˛Á¶›>· ºÂV¬ÔD ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ: ∂kÏ √Vk›]_
÷wÕmº√VÔ©√‚ΩÚÕ> ŒÚ cÈÔ›Á>fl ÿƒ[≈Á¶B ºkıΩ
lÚÕ>m. ∂kÏ ŒÚ ÿƒ∫z›>V™ ºÂV¬Ô›Á>•D ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ:
∂kÏ ÿƒF> ŒÀÿkVÚ ÿƒBKD √´ºÈVÔ›]_ ÷Ú¬zD ∂kÚÁ¶B
®¤\V™Á´ \˛Á\©√|›> ºkıΩB>VlÚÕ>m. 7D kƒ™›][
ÿ>V¶¬Ô›]_ c^· "">\m ÂV\›]Mt›>D'' ®[√m NLT ÿ\Va

9
ÿ√BÏ©∏_ "">\m ÂV\›]uz \˛Á\ÁB¬ ÿÔVı|kÚD√Ω¬z''
®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·m.

kVƒÔÏÔÁ· ~|√|›m>_/c^·¶¬z>_
√°_ >\m >M©√‚¶ ∂§xÔ›Á> xΩ¬ÁÔl_, ∂kÏ ÿ√VmkVÔ
A≈¤V]BVÏ ®[√]_ ÷ÚÕm º´V\VAˆl_ ÷ÚÕ> A≈¤V]BVÏ ®[≈
zøsuz¬ Ô¶Õm ÿƒ[≈VÏ (kƒ™D 6): ""∂kÏ ƒÔȤV]ÔÁ·•D,
∂kÏÔ”¬z^ ÷ºB∑˛§¸ms™V_ ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶kÏÔ·V˛B
c∫ÔÁ·•D'' (kƒ™D 6). ""∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ
√‚|^· ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á> (kletos) ®[√m kƒ™D 1_ √°_
c√ºBV˛›> ∂º> kVÏ›Á>BVzD; ∂m ""ÿ>FTÔ\VÔ ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶''
®[Æ \Á≈xÔ\VÔ cÏ›m˛≈m. ¿∫Ô”D ÂV–D √°ÁÈ© º√V[Æ
√´ºÈVÔ >ˆƒ™›]™V_ ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ¬Ôs_ÁÈ, g™V_ ÂVD
∑sºƒ≠›][ JÈ\VÔ ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ¬˛º≈VD (2 ÿ>ƒºÈVM¬
ºÔBÏ 2:14). ÂVD √°ÁÈ©º√V_ ∂©º√V¸>È´VÔ ÷Ú¬zD√Ω ∂Áw¬
Ô©√‚ΩÚ©√]_ÁÈ, g™V_ ÂVD ""÷ºB∑ ˛§¸m°¬z cˆBkÏÔ·V
lÚ¬zD√Ω ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚|'' ÷Ú¬˛º≈VD (º´V\Ï 1:6). Â\m ÿ>FTÔ
∂Áw©√V™m ÂD*m º\[Á\ÁB•D >z]ÁB•D ÿ√Va˛≈m.

√ˆ∑›>kV[Ô”¬z (1:2)
√°_ >VD BVÚ¬z ®ø]™Vº´V, ∂kÏÔÁ·¬ z§©∏¶
gB›>\V™VÏ. ∂kÏ ""º´V\VAˆl_ c^· ƒÁ√¬zø\›]uz
(∂_Èm ƒÁ√¬ zø\∫Ô”¬z)'' ®[º≈V ∂_Èm ""º´V\VAˆl_
c^· ˛§¸>kÏÔ”¬z'' ®[º≈V ®πBxÁ≈l_ ̧lÚ¬Ô
xΩ•D. ∂>uz©√]ÈVÔ, ∂kÏ ∂Ï›>D WÁ≈Õ> ƒ›]B∫ÔÁ·¬
Ì‚Ω™VÏ. ∂kÏ >\m z§©AÁ´ÁB ""º´V\VAˆlK^·
º>k©∏ˆBÚD √ˆ∑›>kV[Ô·VzD√Ω ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶kÏÔ”
\V˛B ∂Á™kÚ¬zD'' ®[Æ cÁ´›>VÏ (kƒ™D 2).

º>k™V_ ∂[AÌ´©√‚¶kÏÔ^!
˛§¸>kÏÔ^ ""º>k©∏ˆB´VÔ'' ÷Ú¬˛[≈™Ï. º>k[ ŒÀÿkVÚ
kÁ´•D ∂[AÌÚ˛≈VÏ ®[√m cıÁ\ºB (ºBVkV[ 3:16) - g™V_
∂kÏ >\m ∂Áw©Á√ ∞uƬÿÔVı¶kÏÔ^*m >MflE≈©√V™
∂[Á√¬ ÿÔVı|^·VÏ. ""ÂVD º>k–Á¶B ∏^Á·ÿ·[Æ ∂Áw¬
Ô©√|k]™VºÈ ∏>VkV™kÏ Â\¬z© √V´V‚Ω™ ∂[A ®Àk·°
ÿ√ˆÿ>[Æ √VÚ∫Ô^'' (1 ºBVkV[ 3:1∂)! ¿∫Ô^ ∂[AÌ´©√‚|
÷Ú©√>VÔ c´V]Ú¬ÔÈVD, g™V_, ¿∫Ô^ ŒÚ ˛§¸>k´V
lÚÕ>V_, ÔÏ›>Ï c∫Ô^*m ∂[AÌÚ˛≈VÏ ®[Æ ∂§•∫Ô^. ¿∫Ô^
""º>k–Á¶B ∂[A ®[≈ tÔ°D ÿÂÚ¬Ô\V™ k‚¶›][ c^º·
∂Á\¬Ô©√‚| ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^.''20

10
º>k™V_ ∏ˆ›ÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶kÏÔ^!
º\KD, ˛§¸>kÏÔ^ ""√ˆ∑›>kV[Ô·VÔ'' ÷Ú¬˛[≈™Ï.
""√ˆ∑›>kV['' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á> TVÔ°D >k≈VÔ°D √B[√|›>©
√‚|^·m. Ô›º>Vo¬Ô \>›]_, º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶ ŒÚEÈ´m
\´›]uz© ∏[A ∂kÏÔ^ ""√ˆ∑›>›>[Á\¬z'' cBÏ›>©
√‚|^·Á> ∂Á¶BV·©√|›mk>uz ÷m x>[Á\BVÔ© √B[
√|›>©√|˛≈m. cÈÔ›]_ ÿ√VmkVÔ, ÷ÀkVÏ›Á> √ˆØ´›m
k›Á> ∂_Èm zÁ≈Õ>√‚ƒD √ˆØ´›>[Á\¬z ∂ıÁ\l_
÷Ú©√Á> ∂Ï›>©√|›> ®|›m¬ÿÔV^·©√|˛≈m. (∂>™V_>V[
ÂVD ""∂kÏ √ˆ∑›>kV[ ∂_È!'' ®[√Á>©º√V[≈ ÿƒV_s·¬Ô∫
ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ^s©√|˛º≈VD.) ŒÀÿkVÚ ˛§¸>kÚD √ˆ∑›>kV™VÔ
÷Ú¬˛≈VÏ ®[Æ ºk>VÔ\D º√V]¬˛≈m. c>V´\VÔ, ""√ˆ∑›>
kV[Ô^'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á> 2 ÿ>ƒºÈVM¬ºÔBÏ 1:9_, ""s∑kVE¬
˛≈kÏÔ^ ®_ÈVˆ¶›]KD'' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Ú¶[ Œ[§uz© √]_
÷[ÿ™V[≈VÔ© √B[√|›mD s>›]_ kÕm^·m. ""√ˆ∑›>kV[''
®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^· ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>BV™m (hagios)
""√ˆ∑›>D'' ®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√|˛≈ ÿ√BÏ cˆflÿƒV_K¬ÔV™ ∂º> ºkÏ
kVÏ›Á>l_ ÷ÚÕm kÚ˛≈m; ÷Às´ı|º\ ""∏ˆ›m Ák¬Ô©√‚¶''
®[√Á>fl ∑‚Ω¬ÔVı∏¬˛≈m. ""√ˆ∑›>\Vz>_'' ®[√m ÷>uÔV™
sÁ™flÿƒV_ kΩk\VzD. ÂVD ÷´‚E¬Ô©√|˛≈º√Vm, ÂVD
º>k™V_ ""∏ˆ›m Ák¬Ô©√|˛º≈VD'' (""√ˆ∑›>\V¬Ô©√|˛º≈VD'')
(1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ 6:11; ®∏ÿ´BÏ 2:11; 13:12). ∏[A ÂVD ""√ˆ∑›>\V¬Ô©
√‚¶'' kVµ° ÂÁ¶ÁB kVøD√Ω ∂Á≈Ìk_ s|¬Ô©√|˛º≈VD
(®∏ÿ´BÏ 12:14; 1 ÿ>ƒºÈVM¬ºÔBÏ 4:3; º´V\Ï 6:19g, 22g g˛B
kƒ™©√z]ÔÁ·¬ ÔV°D).21
EÈÏ ºk>VÔ\ ®ø›>V·ÏÔÁ· ""√ˆ∑›> \›º>•,'' ""√ˆ∑›> \Vuz,''
®[ÿ≈_ÈVD z§©∏|˛[≈™Ï. ¿∫Ô^ ŒÚ ˛§¸>k´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>V_,
¿∫Ô^ ""√ˆ∑›> [÷Às¶›]_ c∫Ô^ ÿ√BÁ´fl ÿƒÚ˛¬ ÿÔV^·°D]''
gÔ ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^. ÷_ÁÈ, ÂV[ ŒÚ √‚¶©ÿ√BÏ ®[≈ kÁÔl_
¿∫Ô^ c∫ÔÁ·ºB ""√ˆ∑›>kV['' ®[Æ ∂Áw›m¬ÿÔV^· ºkı|D
®[º≈V ∂_Èm \u≈kÏÔ^ ∂ÀkVÆ ÿƒF•D√Ω ∂kÏÔÁ·
ª¬ÔJ‚¶ ºkı|D ®[º≈V ∂Ï›>©√|›>s_ÁÈ (\›º>•
23:8-10). ¿∫Ô^ ŒÚ ˛§¸>k´VÔ ÷ÚÕ>V_, ¿∫Ô^ º>k–¬z
sºƒ¥›>kÏÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬˛SÏÔ^ ®[Æ \V›]´º\, ÂV[ ko•Æ›m
˛º≈[!

kVµ›m¬Ô^ (1:3)
√°_ 1 x>_ 7 kÁ´•^· ¿·\V™, ¿·\V™ kƒ™›]_ ŒÚ
kVµ›Á> c^·¶¬˛™VÏ: ""ÂDxÁ¶B ∏>VkV˛B º>k™VKD ÔÏ›>
´V˛B ÷ºB∑˛§¸ms™VKD c∫Ô”¬z¬ ˛ÚÁ√•D ƒ\V>V™xD
cı¶Vk>VÔ'' (kƒ™D 3). ""˛ÚÁ√'' (charis) ®[√m WÁÈBV™
>´x^· ˛º´¬Ô kVµ›m>ÈVÔ ÷Ú¬ÁÔl_, ""ƒ\V>V™D'' (eirene,

11
÷m ®∏ÿ´B ÿ\Val_ shalom ®[√]_ ÷ÚÕm ˛º´¬Ô ÿ\Va¬z›
>´kÁw¬Ô©√‚¶ kVÏ›Á>BVzD) ®[√m kw¬Ô\V™ R>›mk
kVµ›>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. ÷Às>\VÔ ÂVD √°_ A≈¤V]BVÏ \uÆD R>Ï
g˛B ÷ÚƒV´VÚ¬zD ºkı|ºÔV^ s|¬Ô xBuE›>VÏ ®[√>uz
÷[ÿ™VÚ z§©Á√© ÿ√Æ˛º≈VD.
√°_ >\m kVƒÔÏÔ^ ÿ√u§Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[Æ sÚD∏B
""˛ÚÁ√'' \uÆD ""ƒ\V>V™D'' g˛B ÷´ı|º\ ""ÂDxÁ¶B ∏>V
kV˛B º>k™VKD ÔÏ›>´V˛B ÷ºB∑˛§¸ms™VKD'' cı¶V˛
÷Ú¬˛[≈™. º>kº™ ˛ÚÁ√l[ WÁ≈kV™ g>V´JÈ\VÔ ÷Ú¬˛
≈VÏ, ˛§¸m ÷ºB∑°¬z^ \V›]´º\ ∂aÕmº√VÔV> ƒ\V>V™›Á>¬
Ôı¶Á¶B xΩ•D.

xΩ°Á´
A]B ∞u√V| ®ø>©√‚¶ ÔVÈ›]_, ŒÚ ÔΩ>D ®[√m s]©√Ω,
∂Á> ®ø]Bkˆ[ ÿ√BÏ, ∂Á>© ÿ√Æ√kˆ[ √>sWÁÈ, \uÆD ŒÚ
kVµ›m>_ g˛BkuÁ≈¬ ÿÔVı| ÿ>V¶∫˛Bm. ÂVD Ôı|^·√Ω,
º´V\Ú¬z© √°_ ®ø]B WÚ√D ÷DJ[Æ ÌÆÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|
ÿ>V¶∫z˛≈m. Â[§ ÿƒK›m>_ ®[√m ÔΩ>∫Ôπ[ ÿ>V¶¬Ô›]uz
∂ıÁ\l_ ∂Ω¬ÔΩ ÔV©√‚¶ ÷[ÿ™VÚ s≠B\VzD. 1:8_, √°_
º´V\VAˆl_ ÷ÚÕ> ˛§¸>kÏÔ”¬ÔVÔ [º>k–¬z] >\m Â[§B§>ÁÈ
ÿkπ©√|›]™VÏ; Â\m ∂|›> √V¶D ∂Õ> ÷¶›]_ ÷ÚÕm
ÿ>V¶∫z˛≈m.
º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√›][ x>_ ∞ø kƒ™∫ÔÁ·¬
Ôk™›m¶[ ∏ˆ›m© √VÏ›>]_, ÷Àkƒ™©√z]l[ xøÁ\
BV™ ∂Ï›>D √u§B ÔıºV¬ÁÔ ÂVD ÷w¬Ôs_ÁÈ ®[Æ ÂV[
ÂDA˛º≈[. sºƒ≠\VÔ ÂV[ º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√D ÔVÈ›]™V_
#E√ΩÕm^· ŒÚ √ÁwÁ\BV™ kƒ™D, ÷m √È ±u≈Vı|Ô”¬z©
x[A kVµÕ> BVº´V ŒÚk´V_ ¿ı¶ ÔVÈ›]uz x[ \ˆ›>
\¬Ô”¬ÔVÔ ®ø>©√‚¶m ®[≈ \™©√]Ák s‚|fl ÿƒ_Ès_ÁÈ
®[Æ ÂV[ ÂDA˛º≈[. ÷Õ> WÚ√D ŒÚ clÚ^· √]ºk| ®[≈
kÁÔl_, ∂m ®ø>©√‚¶ ÂVπ_ ÷ÚÕ>m º√V[º≈ ÷[Á≈B
ÂV‚ÔπKD ∞uAÁ¶B>VÔ c^·m ®[≈ kÁÔl_ ÔıºV¬Ô©√¶
ºkı|D.
√°_ ÷Õ> WÚ√›Á>, ""º´V\VAˆlK^· ... √ˆ∑›>kV[
Ô·VzD√Ω ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶''kÏÔ”¬z ®ø]™VÏ, g™V_ ÷Õ>
WÚ√D ""gı¶k´VlÚ¬˛≈ ÂDxÁ¶B ÔÏ›>´V˛B ÷ºB∑˛§¸ms[
ÂV\›Á> ®∫zD ÿ>VømÿÔV^”˛≈ ∂Á™kÚ¬zD'' (1 ÿÔVˆÕ]BÏ
1:2) ®ø>©√‚¶m ®[ÆD ÂVD WÁ™¬Ô xΩ•D. ŒÚ ®ø›>V·Ï,
÷Õ> WÚ√D ""º´V\Ú¬z - \uÆD ∏≈Ú¬z - ®ø>©√‚¶ √ˆ∑›>
√°o[ WÚ√D'' ®[Æ >ÁÈ©∏¶©√¶ xΩ•D ®[√>VÔ¬ ÔÚ›m›
ÿ>ˆs›m^·VÏ.22 ÿÔ[‚ «VÏ‚ÿ\[ ∏[kÚD Ìuÿ≈V[Á≈¬
̧™VÏ: ""ºk>VÔ\›]_ ®Õ>©√z]•D Â\¬z ®[Æ ®ø>©√¶s_ÁÈ,

12
g™V_ ∂Ák BVÁk•º\ Â\¬ÔVÔ ®ø>©√‚¶™.''23
÷Õ> WÚ√D c∫Ô”¬ÔVÔ ®ø>©√‚¶m. ÂV[ ŒÚ EÆk™VÔ
÷ÚÕ>º√Vm, ®™m >VBVÏ, ""÷[Æ c™¬z ŒÚ ÔΩ>D kÕm^·m''
®[Æ ÌÆkÁ>¬ ºÔ‚z>_ ®[√m tzÕ> \™ ®øflE >Úk>VÔ
÷ÚÕ>m. ÷©º√Vm ÂV[ ÿ√ÚD√VKD ÷ÁB>· kÁÈl_
ÔD©R‚¶ÏÔ·V_ ∂–©√©√|˛≈ ÷ -ÿ\lÁÈ (electronic mail)
ƒVÏÕm^º·[, g™V_ ÷[–D ÂV[ ""c∫Ô”¬z ŒÚ ÔΩ>D
kÕm^·m!'' ®[Æ Ì≈©√|D kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·¬ ºÔ‚Ô sÚDA˛º≈[.
c∫Ôπ¶›]_ ÂV[, ""c∫Ô”¬z ŒÚ >√V_ kÕm^·m: ÷m
∂©º√V¸>È´V™ √°o¶›]_ ÷ÚÕº> c∫Ô”¬z kÕm^· ÔΩ>D!''
®[Æ ÌÆ˛º≈[.
ŒÚ Ô›º>Vo¬Ô© √V]ˆBVÏ, Ô›º>Vo¬Ô ƒÁ√l_ cÆ©∏™
´Vzk]_ c^· Â[Á\ÔÁ·© √‚ΩBo‚|¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ. ∂kÏ
ÿ√ÚÁ\BVÔ, ""ÂVD √°o[ ®KDAÔÁ·•D ÿÔVıΩÚ¬˛º≈VD!''
®[Æ Ì§™VÏ. ∂k´m cÁ´ÁB¬ ÔkM›m¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>kÏ ""ÂV[
cÆ©∏™´VÔ c^· ƒÁ√BV™m √°o[ "WÁ™kÁ¶BV·∫Ô^'
EÈkuÁ≈•D ÿÔVı|^·m'' ®[Æ √]_ ∂π›>VÏ. ∂>uz©
√V]ˆBVÏ, ""∂Ák ®[™?'' ®[Æ ºÔ‚¶VÏ. ∂©º√Vm, ""ÂV∫Ô^ EÈ
ÔΩ>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|^º·VD'' ®[≈ √]_ kÕ>m.24 EÈ ®KDAÔÁ·¬
ÿÔVı|^·Á>¬ ÔV‚ΩKD √°o[ ˝k–^· ÔΩ>∫ÔÁ·¬
ÿÔVı|^·ÿ>[√m ∂]ÔD \™ ®øflE•^·>VÔ ÷Ú©√]_ÁÈBV?
Â\m ∂|›> √V¶›]_, ÂVD √°o[ \™ ®øflE tzÕ> ÔΩ>∫Ôπ_
Œ[Æ √u§B Â\m √Ω©Á√ ÂVD ÿ>V¶ÚºkVD.

∏´ƒ∫˛BVÏÔ^ \uÆD º√V>ÔÏÔ”¬ÔV™

z§©AÔ^
""º´V\Ï 1:1-7n© ∏ˆ›m¬ ÔkM›>_'' ®[√m ÷Õ>© √V¶›]uÔV™
÷[ÿ™VÚ >ÁÈ©√VÔ ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. ∂§xÔ°Á´l_, ÂV[ ÔΩ>D
®ømk>uÔV™ ÂT™ kΩkÁ\©A xÁ≈ÁB© √w∫ÔVÈ›]B kΩkÁ\©A
xÁ≈•¶[ ºkÆ√|›] Œ©∏‚|^º·[. ∂–©Aˆ[ ÿ√BÁ´ x>o_
÷|>_ z§›m, c∫Ô^ cÁ´ÁB¬ ÔkM©√kÏÔ^ ÷-ÿ\l_ √u§
∂§Õ]ÚÕ>V_, ¿∫Ô^ ÷-ÿ\l_ kΩkÁ\©A xÁ≈BV™m √w∫ÔVÈ©
√w¬Ôkw¬Ô›]uz› ]ÚD∏fl ÿƒ_K˛≈m ®[Æ z§©∏¶ÈVD.

z§©AÔ^
1
EÈ ÂT™ ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©AÔ^ ÷Õ> kV¬˛B›Á>© √È EÆ kV¬˛B∫
Ô·VÔ© ∏ˆ›m^·™, g™V_ ˛º´¬Ô ÿ\Val_ ÷m Œº´ kV¬˛B\VÔºk
c^·m. 2W. E. Vine, Merrill F. Unger, and William White, Jr., Vine’s Complete Exposi-
tory Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publish-
ers, 1985), 30. 3NASB ºk>VÔ\›]_, “As” ®[√m ƒVFÿkø›mÔπ_ c^·m; ÷m

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ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©√V·ÏÔ·V_ Ì‚¶©√‚¶>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>m. JÈkƒ™›]_ “called an
apostle” ®[Æ \V›]´º\ c^·m. ÷Õ> “as” ®[√m, kVƒÔÏÔ^ “called” ®[√m
“referred to as” ®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√|k>VÔ WÁ™¬Ô¬Ì¶Vm ®[√>uÔVÔ¬
Ì‚¶©√‚¶>VÔ ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. 4John R. W. Stott, The Message of Romans: God’s
Good News for the World, The Bible Speaks Today series (Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-
Varsity Press, 1994), 47. 5Anders Nygren, Commentary on Romans (Philadelphia: Fortress
Press, 1949), 45-46. 6®™m s·¬Ô∫Ôπ_ EÈ, Chris Bullard, “A Man with a Mis-
sion,” sermon preached at Overland Park church of Christ, Overland Park, Kansas, 13 Janu-
ary 1991 ®[≈ ∏´ƒ∫Ô›]oÚÕm >øk©√‚|^·™. 7Douglas J. Moo, Romans,
The NIV Application Commentary (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan Publishing House,
2000), 36. 8Larry Deason, “The Righteousness of God”: An In-depth Study of Romans,
rev. (Clifton Park, N.Y.: Life Communications, 1989), 40, n. 2. 9James Burton Coffman,
Commentary on Romans (Austin, Tex.: Firm Foundation Publishing House, 1973), 7.
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˛º´¬Ô kƒ™D ""\ˆ›>kÏÔπ_ ÷ÚÕm clÏ›ÿ>ø>_'' ®[≈ ºÂ´Ω ∂Ï›>D
ÿÔVı|^·m. ®™ºk EÈÏ ÷Àkƒ™©√z]BV™m ÷ºB∑ \ˆ›>kÏÔÁ·
clÏ›ÿ>ø©∏Bm ∂kÏ ÿ>FTÔ\V™kÏ ®[√>uÔV™ W‘√\VzD
®[Æ WÁ™¬˛[≈™Ï. ÷Ú©∏–D, ÷º> ÿ\VaÂÁ¶ ¶√ΩÔ^ 26:23_
√B[√|›>©√‚|^·m, ∂∫z ƒÕ>Ï©√©ÿ√VÚ·V™m, ÷ºB∑s[ ÿƒVÕ>
clÏ›ÿ>ø>_ gºÈVƒÁ™l[ ˇµ c^·Á>fl ∑‚Ω¬ ÔVı∏¬˛≈m. º\KD,
÷ºB∑s[ ÿƒVÕ> clÏ›ÿ>ø>ºÈ º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√D xøk
]KD ko•Æ›>©√|˛≈m (6:4, 5, 9; 7:4; 8:11, 34; 10:9 g˛B kƒ™∫ÔÁ·¬
ÔV°D).
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º´V\Ú¬z ®ø]B WÚ√›]_ \VDƒ\V™m ∂Ω¬ÔΩ (√ˆ∑›>)
gs•¶[ ºÂÏ\V≈VÔ Œ©∏¶©√|˛≈m (8:4-6, 9, 13 g˛B kƒ™∫ÔÁ·¬
ÔV°D). 12F. F. Bruce, The Letter of Paul to the Romans, The Tyndale New Testa-
ment Commentaries (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1985),
69. 13""®∫Ô”¬z'' ®[≈ √[Á\flÿƒV_ÁÈ© √B[√|›]B>[ JÈD √°_
®_ÈV ∂©º√V¸>ÈÏÔÁ·•D c^·¶¬˛lÚ¬ÔÈVD; g™V_ ∂kÏ Â\m
"">ÁÈB∫Ô›]_'' ""®∫Ô”¬z'' ®[≈ ÿƒV_ÁÈ ÂVD √B[√|›mkm º√V[º≈
>DÁ\¬ z§¬zD ÔÚ›mÏs_ ÷Õ>© √[Á\flÿƒV_ÁÈ© √B[√|›]
lÚ¬ÔÈVD. 14D.Stuart Briscoe, Mastering the New Testament: Romans, The Com-
municator’s Commentary Series (Dallas: Word Publishing, 1982), 26. 15""s∑kVƒ›
]uz¬ ˇµ©√Ω>_'' ®[√m ˛º´¬Ô kƒ™›][ ºÂ´ΩBV™ >´kÁw©√VzD. ÷m
""s∑kVƒD ∂¶∫˛B ˇµ©√Ω>_'' ®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√¶ xΩ•D, g™V_ ˛º´¬Ô¬
Ô_sBV·ÏÔπ_ ÿ√ÚD√V[Á\BVº™VÏ ÷Õ>fl ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶Ï ∂º™Ô\VÔ
""s∑kVƒ›]_ ÷ÚÕm sÁ·•D ˇµ©√Ω>_'' ®[Æ ∂Ï›>©√¶ÈVD ®[√>VÔ
c¶[√|˛[≈™Ï. KJV ºk>VÔ\›]_ “the faith” ®[Æ c^·m, g™V_ “faith”
®[√>uÔV™ ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>¬z x[√VÔ ]‚¶k‚¶\V™ ∑‚|flÿƒV_
(g∫˛È›]_ “the”) ®m°D ÷Ú©√]_ÁÈ. 16The Analytical Greek Lexicon (London:
Samuel Bagster & Sons, 1971), 414. 17Moo, 38. 18Briscoe, 27. 19Moo, 42. 20Leslie C. Allen,
“Romans,” in New International Bible Commentary, ed. F. F. Bruce (Grand Rapids, Mich.:
zondervan Publishing House, 1979), 1317.
21
˛§¸>k´VzD ºkÁ·l_ "">z]WÁÈl_'' √ˆ∑›>\V¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ›>_
\uÆD º>k–Á¶B c>sl™V_ A]B ˛§¸>kÏÔ^ ∂]ÔD º>k√¬]
•^·kÏÔ·VÔ, ˛§¸m°¬z^ ∂]ÔD √¬zk\Á¶Õ>kÏÔ·VÔ \VÆDº√Vm
""∂–√kZ]l_'' √ˆ∑›>\V¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ›>_ ®[√kuÁ≈© √u§ ®ø›>V·ÏÔ^

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z§©∏|˛[≈™Ï. 22T. W. Manson; quoted in Bruce, 20. 23Quoted by Dale Hartman,
class at Eastside church of Christ, Midwest City, Oklahoma, 14 December 2003. 24Adapted
from Halford E. Luccock, Preaching Values in the Epistles of Paul, vol. 1, Romans and
First Corinthians (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959), 11.

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