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Meteorology
Meteorology
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model that explains the generation, intensification and ultimate decay (the life cycle) of mid-latitude cyclones, and
introduced the idea of fronts, that is, sharply defined boundaries between air masses.[38] The group included
Carl-Gustaf Rossby (who was the first to explain the large scale atmospheric flow in terms of fluid dynamics), Tor
Bergeron (who first determined how rain forms) and Jacob Bjerknes.
This data could be used to produce maps of the state of the atmosphere for a region near the Earth's surface and to
study how these states evolved through time. To make frequent weather forecasts based on these data required a
reliable network of observations, but it was not until 1849 that the Smithsonian Institution began to establish an
observation network across the United States under the leadership of Joseph Henry.[43] Similar observation networks
were established in Europe at this time. The Reverend William Clement Ley was key in understanding of cirrus clouds
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