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Gas Absorption - Lecture 3
Gas Absorption - Lecture 3
• The gas inlet - enter the distributing space below the packing
- flow upward in the packing countercurrent to
the flow of the liquid
PACKINGS
• The packing - provides a large area of contact between
the liquid and gas
- encourage intimates contact between the
phases
• 3 principal types:
i) dumped packings, (0.25 – 3 inch)
ii) stacked packings, (2 – 8 inch)
iii) structured/ordered packings.
• The operating line can be plotted on the graph along with the
equilibrium curve as shown in fig. 10.6-10.
• The operating line must lie above the equilibrium line in order
for absorption to take place.
DESIGN OF PACKED TOWERS FOR ABSORPTION
1) Operating line
• For absorption:
y1 mx2
ln
1 1 1
y2 mx2
A A
N
ln A
y1
x1 m
ln
y 1 A A
• For stripping:
x2 m
1
N
A1 L1 m1V1
ln 1
A
A2 L2 m2V2
A A1 A2
DESIGN OF PACKED TOWERS FOR ABSORPTION
4) Film and overall mass transfer coefficients in packed tower
y1
yi1
x1 xi1
Flux:
y1 = gas bulk phase concentration
k y' a
x1 = liquid bulk phase concentration
NA y1 yi1
yi1 = interface gas concentration
xi1 = interface liquid concentration 1 y iM
k x' a
NA xi1 x1
1 x iM
DESIGN OF PACKED TOWERS FOR ABSORPTION
5) Design method for packed towers using mass transfer film
coefficients (log mean driving force)
Gas Phase : Liquid Phase :
1 y iM 1 yi1 1 y1
1 x iM 1 x1 1 xi1
ln1 yi1 / 1 y1 ln1 x1 / 1 xi1
1 1 m' xi1 x1
' '
K y a / 1 y *M
'
k y a / 1 y iM k x a / 1 x iM
1 y 1 y 1 y , y y y y y y2*
* *
ln1 y / 1 y ln y y y
1 1 * 1 1 2
2 y2
*M * M * *
1 1 1 1
V
y y K az y y
1 2
'
y
*
M
S
y1 yi1
Liquid Phase : m *
"
x1 xi1
1 1 1
K x' a / 1 x *M m"k y' a / 1 y iM k x' a / 1 x iM
1 x1 1 x1*
x x lnxx x x xx xx
* *
1 x *M
*
ln 1 x1 / 1 x1
1 1 2 2
*
, M * *
1 1 2 2
L
S
x1 x2 K x' az x* x M
Figure 10.6-13. Operating-line and interface compositions in a packed tower for absorption
of dilute gases.
DESIGN OF PACKED TOWERS FOR ABSORPTION
7) Design method for packed towers using transfer units
Gas Phase :
1) Film coefficient
V V y1 y 2
HG , NG
k y' aS k y a (1 y ) iM S y yi M
Tower height : z H G N G
2) Overall coefficient
V V y1 y 2
H OG N OG
K y' aS K y a (1 y )*M S
,
y y* M
Tower height : z H OG N OG
Liquid Phase :
1) Film coefficient
L L x1 x2
HL , NL
'
k aS
x k x a (1 x ) iM S xi x M
Tower height : z H L N L
2) Overall coefficient
L L x1 x2
H OL N OL
K x' aS K x a (1 x )*M S
,
x* x M
Tower height : z H OL N OL
Example 10.6-3
Example 10.6-3
Example 10.6-3
Example 10.6-3
FIGURE 10.6-12. OPERATING LINE FOR MINIMUM AND ACTUAL LIQUID FLOW IN EXAMPLE
10.6-3.
Example 10.6-4
Example 10.6-4
Example 10.6-4
Example 10.6-4
Example 10.6-4
10.6-5
10.6-4