Organizational Form and Style

Rhetoric is the art of using words to persuade. It is the part of speech or writing that is concerned with how
a thing is said. This organizational form and style helps readers to understand the author’s precise ideas.

CONNECTIVES
Your reading will be more efficient and meaningful if you are aware of the conjunctions that link ideas into
some kind of relationship. These words (conjunctions, prepositions, verbs) or phrases connect ideas together
to indicate contrast, cause, addition, and so on. Connectives are useful clues that will help you read rapidly;
therefore, a little practice in recognizing them will be useful. There are many more connectors in English
than in Spanish. For instance: after, afterwards, thereafter, after that, significan “después de”. The
following table contains the most used connectors.

LOGICAL CONNECTORS
COMPARISON OR EQUIVALENCE CONTRAST
either...or otherwise
neither...nor nevertheless
like while
likewise whereas
as on the other hand
as...as rather than
just as in spite of
just as...as despite
in the same manner instead of
in a similar way however
so it is with but
similarly although
though
even though
Yet / yet

ADDITION CONDITION
in addition if / when
condition…?
furthermore unless
What’s the

moreover allowing that

and taking into account
also In the case that
both…and whether
besides
purpose of…?

MEANS OR MANNER PURPOSE

What’s the
How…?

by means of to / for // so that

by+verb~ing in order to
through for+verb~ing
 What’s the reason / cause…?

CAUSE ALTERNATIVE
Because / because or
Why…?

because of whether
due to whether…or
as
since

EFFECT / RESULT CRONOLOGY AND SEQUENCE

What’s the consequence of…?

therefore first
hence prior to
thus before
consequently in the first place
as a result the former
then to begin with
thereby once
so second
with the result that next
in such a way that then
owing to the fact that again

EXEMPLIFICATION after (that)

for example afterwards
for instance thereafter
such as at the end
e.g. the latter
i.e. at last
ultimately
lastly
eventually

EXPLANATION NEGATION
that is neither...nor
in other words not either
that means by no means
that is to say not at all
namely In no way

SUMMARY REINFORCEMENT
in resume as a matter of fact
in point of fact actually
in other words in fact
in brief really
in summary in all truth
to sum up indeed

SIMULTANEITY CONTINUATION
When…?

as and so on
at the same time etc.
while and the like
whereas and so forth