ba„galI ŸlOikk ŠiteHY mu¹¡buiÁr càca

VlmgIr ŸHaesn
29 ŸPbã›yarI, 2004
(Zui¹¡badI idbs ˆpleQY iliKt)

ˆ‡sàgW ûmayun Vjad - ba„laedeSr pãDantm pãTaiberaDI ŸlKk, mu¹¡ mnaedr ŸpãrNar ˆ‡s

Zui¹¡bad w mu¹¡buiÁ càcar DYan-Darna ŸnHaeyt† paëcaetYr ŸdS§ela ŸTek

VmdanIkát bel Vmaedr ba„galI w BartbàxIyedr manspeF dââ•mUl|
AàTa‡ paëcYaetYr sÐdS- AñadS Sta×Ir "Ÿrensaƒs' (Renaisance) …b„
"…nla†FnemÆF" (Enlightenment)-…r mt GFna ŸTek† mu¹¡buiÁ càcar pãsar
GeFeC BartIy ˆpmHaedeS w sara pâiTbIet bel men kra Hy| ikǼ …mn
DarNaiF ŸmaeFw sifk ny| Vmaedr ba„galI ŠiteHY† pãkát Drenr mu¹¡buiÁr
ŸZ càca HeyeC Zueg Zueg, ŸsFa Vmaedr Aenkek† ibisMt kret baDY| …†
rcnaiFet Vmaedr ba„galI ŠiteHY mu¹¡buiÁ càcar rœperKaek icºaiyt krar
pãyas kra HeyeC ÷æp pirser|

buiÁman jIb iHeseb pâiTbIet VibàBaebr ìr› ŸTek† manux buiÁ w icÇ»aSi¹¡r
pãeyag ker …eseC Za taek sàbŸSãò jIb iHeseb pãitòa ideyeC …b„ manux
Vj jel-óùel-AÇ»ireQ tar ViDptY ibó»aer smàT HeyeC| tTaip …Fa
sHej† Anuemy ŸZ pãitk™l pãakáitk w samaijk Si¹¡r Ÿmakaebla kret
igey AiDka„S ŸQeº† manux ibHÕl Hey peReC …b„ tar buiÁ w icÇ»aSi¹¡
praijt Hey bÆdI Hey peReC nanarkm bÁmUl w k™s„ôara¬CÊ DàmIy,
samaijk w rajEnitk DarNar pirm¸el| …b„ bàtman Zuegw ŸZ ibSÿjueR
AiDka„S manuexr mui¹¡ Ÿmelin Šsb bÁmUl w k™s„ôara¬CÊ icÇ»a-Darar
VƒkR ŸTek, ŸsFa Kub sHej† Anuemy|

…Kaen bla VbSYk ŸZ Vjekr ibeSÿ ŸZ ABabnIy daàSink, samaijk,

rajEnitk, manibk, ob¯aink w pãZui¹¡gt ˆÊyn GeFeC tar mUel reyeC
manuexr mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»aSi¹¡r pãeyag| manuexr Zui¹¡iBi¹k buiÁ w icÇ»aSi¹¡
ZKn† Zui¹¡HIn w bÁmUl DàmIy, samaijk w pãcilt DYan-DarNar ŸbRajael
VbÁ HeyeC, tKn† ˆ¹¡ smaejr manibk ˆÊyn skl ó»er bYaHt HeyeC|
ŸZmn, Dra Zak pãak-KâñIy pãacIn gãIk sBYtar kTa| pãak-KâñIy pãay VF St
bCr Veg (800 B.C.) ŸTek pãacIn gãIes manuexr pã¯aSIl icÇ»aSi¹¡r Å›t w
pãBUt ýPšrN GFet Taek, Za º¡maÊey danaŸbƒeD ŸsKaen saiHitYk, daàSink,
rajEnitk w ob¯aink ˆ‡keàxr s‚ar GFay| …mnik Ÿs† Kâñ-pUàb gãIes
gNtǽ, manbtabad …b„ manbaiDkaerr ŸmOilk DarNaw jnM Ÿny| sàbó»er
manibk ˆÊyenr …† Dara º¡manÓey ibó»ar laB ker t‡kalIn †ˆerapek
¯aen-ib¯aen, iSQay, ŠSÿàeZY w pãZui¹¡et pâiTbIr AnYanY A‚elr tulnay
Aenk ˆeàDÕ iney Zay| ikǼ manuexr …† mu¹¡icÇ»a º¡em† VbÁ Het Taek
pãcilt DàmibSÿas w Aiàjt icÇ»aDarar ŸbRajael …b„ ibeSx ker KâñIy ctuàT
Sta×Iet AEb¯aink w bÁmul Kâñ DàmIy mtbad sara †ˆeraep Å›t pãsar
laB ker manUexr mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»nek S¹¡ Haet p˜u ker Ÿdy| Pel pãak-
KâñIy gãIes ˆÄUt pãgitSIl icÇ»aDara gãIes w pãitebSI †ˆeraep pãgit w
ˆÊyenr ŸZ Ÿjayar b†ey ideyiCl, ta º¡em† ó»imt Hey peR ibeSxtW KâñIy
ctuàT Stek ZKn pãitiº¡yaSIl w k™s„kara¬CÊ Kâñ DàmIy DYan-DarNa manuexr
mu¹¡ buiÁ w icÇ»a càcar glaiFep Der| Vr tKn ŸTek† ŸsKaen manibk
ˆÊyenr skl pT r›Á Hey peR …b„ sUcna Hy paëcaetYr tTakiTt
"AÉkar Zug' (Dark Age) -…r|

Kâñ DàmIy bÁmUl w pãitiº¡yaSIl mtbaedr VƒkeR VbÁ AÉkar ZugIy

†ˆerapIy smaj w sBYtaek óùibrta w caàc Zajkedr AnYay-Anacar ŸTek
mui¹¡laeBr ipCenw …k¬Cº BUimka reyeC ikCu muiñemy bYi¹¡r saHsI w
tYagSIl obpåibk w ib¯aniBi¹k mu¹¡buiÁ càcar, Zidw smy ŸlegiCl pãay
DIàG …k sHsã bCr| …sb bYi¹¡etÔr mDY ŸTek wya†i£P, jn Has, Fmas
mueyn‡sar, ˆ†nöanilr nam ˆeLKY Zƒara kYaTilk caeàcr manuexr ˆpr
caipey Ÿdwya pãitiº¡yaSIl DàmIy mtbaedr ibr›eÁ obpåibk w manbtamuKI
bYaKYa Haijr kern, Zar iBi¹et p‚dS-ŸxaRS Stek †ˆeraep jmabaƒeD
grIb Ùatâs„G, FYabãa†F, ŸleBlar, ihgaàl pãBâit mUlt AsPl ikǼ
ta‡pàZpUàN j„gI VeÆdaln smUH t‡kalIn KâòIy caàc-iBi¹k pãitiº¡yaSIl
ZajkIy Sasn bYbóùar ibr›eÁ| …ƒedr saeT Zu¹¡ Hy Ÿkaparinkas (1473-
1543), bã›ena (1548-1600) w gYaililw (1564-1642) pãmueKr saHsI
w tYagSIl ob¯aink icÇ»aDara, Za ba†ebelr "pâiTbI ŸsOrjgetr ŸkeÆÅ/sUàZ
pâiTbIek pãitinyt pãdiQn kreC' mtbadek nakc ker idey Kâñ DàmIy
ibSÿas w caàciBi¹k Sasn-bYbóùar ŸgaRaek S¹¡ Haet naiRey Ÿdy Î Za
prbiàtet †ˆeraep Ÿrensaƒs, …nla†FnemÆF …b„ †¸aiöäyal ŸreBaluSenr
mt GFnar VibàBab GiFey ŸsKaen ¯an-ib¯aen, dàSn-saiHetY, AàTnIit-
rajnIitet w iSæp-pãZui¹¡et AsaDarN ˆÊyn bey Ven|
ˆperaeLiKt pãak-KâòIy gãIes w pãitebSI †ˆeraep dàSn, saiHtY w ib¯aen
mu¹¡buiÁr càca ŸsKaen bYapk manibk ˆÊyn saDn ker| Vbar AÉkar Zug-
prbiàt †ˆeraep mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»ar càca dana baƒDet ìr› ker; PlSã›itet,
ŸsKaen Ÿrensaƒs, …nla†FnemÆF w †¸aiöäyal ŸreBaluSenr mt ZugaÇ»karI
GFna GeF, Za smgã ibeSÿr manb sBYtar ibkaS w Agãgitet bYapk pãBab
ibó»ar ker| Ÿs-sb GFnar Velaek mu¹¡buiÁ w pãgitSIl icÇ»a-Ÿctnar càca
paëcatY ŸTek Vgt bel† Dra Hey Taek| ikǼ pãkt á peQ, mu¹¡buiÁr càca
kereC manux skl Zueg …b„ pâiTbIr skl A‚el, Hyeta ba ÷æp pirser w
nmnIy gitet - Za danaebƒeD ibSÿ-sBYtar pFBUimkay Ÿkan bYapk BUimka
raKet paerin, ŸZmniF HeyeC paëcaetYr mu¹¡buiÁ càcar ŸQeº| Vmaedr
Bartbeàx …b„ ibeSxt ba„galI jaitr ŸlOikk †itHaesw pãak-VDuinkkal
ŸTek GeF …eseC …k pãkáñ w smâÁ mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»ar càca, Za VDuink Zuegr
Aenk mu¹¡icǼk ˆ¬ciSiQt ba„galI bYi¹¡tÔekw li°t, ibisMt w giàbt
kret baDY| ba„galIr ŸlOikk ŠiteHYr Ba¸aer ˆƒik marel† tar Aenk
pãmaN imel|

pãacIn Baret mu¹¡buiÁr càca

ba„galI Baxar VibàBab-pãak Bartbeàx Ÿs† pãacInkal ŸTek† pãkát

Zui¹¡badI mu¹¡buiÁr càca Hey …eseC| ˆdaHrN ÷rœp "caàbak ba Ÿlakayt'
daàSinkedr tIQþ Zui¹¡badI mu¹¡buiÁ càcar kTa ˆeLKeZagY| caàbakra Ÿs†
pãacInkael† inejedrek pãkáñ bó¼badI iHeseb pãitiòt kret
ŸperiCeln| …ƒra …kaDaer naió»k, bãaüNY-iberaDI …b„ jgetr pãit Vs¹¡|
BartIy daàSink Daray …ƒra† iCeln sàbaiDk bó¼badI - …ekbaer†
VepaxHIn| caàbak dàSenr met- "‰Sÿr w Dàm Vsel pueraiHtedr sâiñ| DàmIy
Vcar-Anuòaenr maDYem pueraiHtra A¯ w AÉ-ibSÿasI manuxedr ŸSaxN
krt|' men raKa pãeyajn ŸZ, mu¹¡buiÁ càcar jnY bó¼badI Hwya VbSYk
ny …b„ DàmSaeó½ ibSÿasI w BabbadI iHeseb pirict Aenk icÇ»aSIl
bYi¹¡gNw Zui¹¡badIta w mu¹¡buiÁ càcay §r›tÔpUàN BUimka ŸreKeC| ŸZmn
AÉkar Zug-prbiàt †ˆeraepr pãgitSIl mu¹¡buiÁ càcar pãisÁ nayk
wya†i£P, jn Has, Fmas mueyn‡sar, ˆ†nöanil, kparinkas, bã›ena w
gYaililw pãmuK skel† iCeln Kâñ Deàm ibSasI| …k†Baeb gItay ˆeLiKt
"Ÿkan kaj kra ˆict Vr Ÿkan kaj kra ˆict ny, Ÿs-ibxey Saó½† pT
pãdàSk' mtbadiFr ýpñ pãitbad na kerw bâHýpit s„iHtay Zui¹¡ibcaerr
VbSYktaek tuel Dra HeyeC …Baeb - "Ÿkbl Saó½ek VSãy ker† kàtbY
inàDarN celna, Zui¹¡HIn ibcaer AbSY† DàmHain GeF'| vix biSò Ÿta …r
Ÿceyw kRa Baxay beleCn - "÷y„ bãüw Zid AeZOi¹¡k kTa beln teb taw
tâNb‡ pirtYag kreb'|
bâHýpit s„iHta ba biSò s„iHta Ÿta Aenk prbàtIkaelr rcna| pãacIn
BartIy VàZedr VidgãÇù vkebedr vixedr meDYw mu¹¡buiÁ càcar suýpñ
pãmaN pawya Zay| pãjapit sU¹¡, nasdIy sU¹¡, AsYbamIy sU¹¡ - vkebedr
AÇ»t …† itniF sU¹¡ Ÿta pãkátpeQ naió»kY- baedr† pãkaS GiFeyeC|
Ÿdbtar Aió»etÔ seÆdH pãkaS ker pãjapit sUe¹¡ srasir pãSÈ kra HeyeC -
"kEsM Ÿdbay Hibxa ibeDm' AàTa‡ Ÿkan Ÿdbtaek Hir pãdan krb| nasdIy sU¹¡
w AsYbamIy sUe¹¡ Ÿdbtar Aió»tÔ tTa Saó½Iy sâiñte¹Ôr ibxey s„Sy w
AibSÿas Vera ýpñ rœp DarN kereC, tIQþ Hey ˆefeC naió»kYbaedr
÷peQr Zui¹¡smUH| pãDan Ÿdbtarœep kiæpt †ÆÅ sÚpeàkw vdebegr Ÿó»aº
rciytaedr† Ÿkˆ Ÿkˆ seÆdH pãkaS ker bes VeCn - "AÊ ˆ‡padenr
jnY jngeNr pãecña† ZeTñ, …† pãs„eg †eÆÅr ó¼it AbaÇ»r maº'| …mniFw
bla HeyeC- "ŸH s„gãaem¬CugN, †ÆÅ VeCn †Ha Zid stY Hy, teb †eÆÅr
ˆeÀeS stYBUt Ÿsam ˆ¬carN kr'| AnYidek Ÿnm vix beln- "†ÆÅ naem ŸkH
na†, Ÿk taHaek ŸdiKyaeC? Vmra kaHar ó¼it kirb?' (vkebd s„iHtar
8m m¸elr 101 sUe¹¡r tâtIy vk|)

vkebd s„iHtar ZugiF iCl mUlt kàmkae¸r Zug| kàmka¸ maen paiàTb m˜l w
smâiÁ laeBr ˆeÀeSY V§n ŸjÔel taet iG Ÿtel (Hib pãdan ker)
Ÿdbtaedr sǼiñ ibDaenr Ÿcña kra, Ÿdbtaedr pãs„SasUck mǽ w Ÿó»aº paf
kra| AàTa‡ …-Zueg Zag-Z¯-ŸHaemr meta nanaibd Vnuòaink kàmkae¸r
meDY† manuexr kamna cirtaàT krar ˆpay sÉankra HeyeC, ¯an- càcar mDY
idey Zaca†-baCa† ker Ÿnwyar meta pirebS-pirióùitr tKena sâiñ Hyin
tbu manux ¯anbuiÁHIn jRip¸ ba †trpãaNI ny bel† …ekbaer Vidm
pirebeSw BartIy manuexr maeJ pãSÈSIltar pãkaS GeFeC| Ÿs kareN†,
vkebd s„iHtar kàmkae¸r Zuegw edbtaedr Aió»tÔ sÚpeàk (…b„ taedr
ˆeÀeSY Anuiòt Zag-Ze¯r saàTkta sÚpeàk) pãSÈ ˆ¾aipt HeyeC|

vkebd s„iHtar kàmkae¸r Zug Ÿpirey Ves ˆpinxedr ¯ankae¸r Zug| …-

Zueg Zag- Ze¯r meta Anuòaenr bdel ¯ancàcar mDY idey stYsÉaenr
ŸJaƒkiF† pãbl Hey ˆef| ˆpinxdguela Zidw Babbaedr pãitòaek† dâ•
kret secñ HeyeC, tTaip Zui¹¡ibcaerr Daray Ÿs§elaetw ‰Sÿr ba prelak
sÚpeàk seÆdH w AibSÿas nanaBaeb ˆƒik maret Taek| ŸZmn kf, oti¹rIy,
CaeÆdagY, mu¨k, pãSÈ - †tYaid ˆpinxd§elaet …mn DreNr pãSÈ ˆ¾aipt
Hey mu¹¡buiÁ† pãbl Hey ˆef, SaºIy ibSÿaesr ŸsODiF Jaƒk™in-J™ƒk™inet
nRbeR Hey peR| Apridek sa„KY, nYay, ŸZag, obeSixk, mIma„sa, ŸbdaÇ»
namk Vió»k dàSnrœep pirict …† CyiF dàSnekw naió»ekYr Ÿmakaebla
kret HeyeC mu¹¡buiÁ càcaek ÷Ikáit jainey†| Vr Ÿs-kareN† …§elar
ŸkanFa† Saó½Iy Ÿdbta ba ‰Sÿr ba ÷àg-nrekr Aió»¹Ôek pãitiòt kret paer
na| pãmaeNr ABaeb† sa„KYdàSnek ‰Sÿerr Aió»¹Ô A÷Ikar kret Hy …†
bel - ‰SÿraiseÁW pãmaNaBaba‡| nYay ik„ba ŸZag, obeSixk ik„ba
mIma„saekw bó¼badI Zui¹¡ibcaerr samen nanaBaeb Ÿjragãóù Het HeyeC …b„
pireSex …sb dàSn ‰Sÿr w prelaekr Aió»¹Ô pãitòar pTcla ŸTek ibrt
ŸTekeC| …kmaº ŸbdaÇ» dàSn† sàbbYapI …k bãeür Aió»¹Ô ŸGaxna ker
Babbadek baƒicey raKar pãaNpn pãyas ŸpeyeC| teb DàmSaeó½ ŸZ sàb¯
sàbSi¹¡man ‰Sÿerr Aió»¹Ô pãcar w maHatMY bàNna kra Hy, ŸbdaÇ» Ÿs-rkm
‰Sÿerr pãitòa kret paerin - sÝbw iCl na| ta† ŸbdaeÇ»r bãü Ÿkanmet†
DàmSaeó½ ˆeLiKt Ÿkan Ÿdbta ba ‰Sÿr nn| sâiñr ˆeàDÕ Abióùt Ÿkan bYi¹¡k
s¹a ny ŸbdaeÇ»r bãü| sâiñ, ióùit ba s„Har - …r ŸkanFa† saiDt Hy na bãeür
Ãara; br„ bãü† ibkiSt Hey sâiñet pirNt Hy| bãü† Hey Zay sâiñSi¹¡r
Apr nam| jg‡† bãü, bãü† jg‡ - jg‡ ba sâiñr saeT bãeür Ÿkan pâTktÔ
Ÿn†|

pâiTbIr skl ŸdeS† Zui¹¡ibcaerr Daraela Ÿjrar kaeC BabbadI

dàSnek …Baeb† VtMrQa kret HeyeC| …-rkm VtMrQamUlk Abóùan
iney BabbadI dàSn Zidw-ba Ÿkan rkem VtMrQa ker iFek Taket paer,
Vnuòaink w pãTabÁ DàmSaeó½r pãitpi¹ ikǼ …et …ekbaer† nRbeR Hey
peR| At…b …Fa suýpñ ŸZ, Ÿkan rkm Zui¹¡bad ba mu¹¡buiÁ càcaek pãSãy
idel† DàmSaó½ek tar ViDptY Haraet Hy| DàmSaó½ ta† sbsmy† dàSn-
càcaek inr›‡saiHt w baDagãó» kret ŸceyeC, Zui¹¡ibcarHIn AÉibSÿaesr
madk Ÿsbn kirey manuxek ŸmOtaet V¬CÊ ŸreKeC| BartbàxIy Deàmr
pãb¹¡araw …-Darar AnusreN gÝIr ke¥ Petaya jair kereC - "ibSÿaes
imlay káx—, teàk bûdUr'| tbuw ŸlaksaDarN sbsmy ibna pãitbaed …-rkm
ibSÿaesr madk glDWkreN raij Hyin; sueZag Ÿpel† mu¹¡buiÁr Daraela Aó½
Haet iney ibeÅaeH ŸPeF peReC|

obidk Zuegr ŸSx Baegr Bartbeàxw …-rkm ibeÅaH† ŸdKa ideyiCl| Ÿs-
smey mu¹¡buiÁ càcaek iBi¹ ker bãaüNYbadI DàmSaó½ w BabbadI dàSnek Zƒara
cYael² jaineyiCeln, tƒaedr meDY pUrN ksYp, mkKil Ÿgasal, pkD
k¬cayn, ing¥nampu¹, Aijt ŸkskÜl pãmuK ibeÅaHI icÇ»anayekr nam
ˆeLKeZagY| …ƒedr meDY sbecey ibpåbI (radical) iCl Aijt ŸkskÜl w
tƒar AnusarIbâeÆdr icÇ»aDara| taƒra ŸdHaitir¹¡ VtMar Aió»¹Ô ÷Ikar kern
in| tƒaedr met W ""Zaek VtMa bla HeyeC ta Vsel iQit, Ap, Ÿtj, mr›‡
- …† car mHaBUetr Ãara iniàmt …b„ mataipta ŸTek ˆ‡pÊ; ŸdHpaetr se˜
se˜ VtMaw iCÊ w ibnñ Hey Zay, mâtuYr pr …r Vr Ÿkan Aió»tÔ† Taek
na|''

mu¹¡buiÁ càcar …-rkm pFBUimet† pãTem ˆÄb GeF ojn w per ŸbOÁ
mtbaedr| bãaüNY Saó½icÇ»ar ibr›eÁ dƒaiRey ŸgOtm buÁ Ÿjar glay ‰Sÿerr
Aió»tÔ iney jæpna-kæpna ba tàkibtàkek AàTHIn bel ŸGaxNa kreln, ‰Sÿr
ba prelaek ibSÿasek bad idey† manuexr jIbn clar idkineàdSna ideln -
k™s„ôaerr ibprIet Zui¹¡ibcarek ˆeàDÕ tuel Dreln| †itHaesr me‚
ba„galI jaitr AnupãebS GeF bueÁr icÇ»ar ˆ¹raiDkar iney†| nanan rœp w
rœpaÇ»err mDY idey pãbaiHt Ÿs† ˆ¹raiDkar† ba„galIr mu¹¡buiÁ càcar
AbybiF inàmaN ker ideyeC| ba„galIr ŸlOikk ŠiteHYw Ÿs†
ˆ¹raiDkariF† ibDât ŸdKet pa†| ba„galIr ŸlOikk ŠiteHYr Ba¨aer
sÉanI dâiñpat krel† ŸdKet pab W paëcatY tTa VDuink iSQay iSiQt
ikCus„KYk ba„galIr meDY†-ŸZ mu¹¡buiÁr càca sIimt ŸTekeC …mn DarNa
ŸmaeF† stY ny| br„ pãkátpeQ pãak-VDuinkkal ŸTek† ba„lar
ŸlaksaDarN mu¹¡buiÁ w Zui¹¡badItar càca ker …eseC - nana pãitkšltar
caep kKena kKena Ÿs Ÿsãat- Dara QIN ba Abdimt HeyeC, kKena-ba
ˆnMaàggamIw HeyeC; ikǼ kKena† Ÿs-Ÿsãat …ekbaer ìï, r›Á ba ó»Ø Hey
Zayin|

ba„la Baxar ˆ‡pi¹ w mu¹¡buiÁr càca

smajtaiǽk rañäIy mtbaedr pãbàtk kaàl maàks beleCn - "Deàmr smaelacna

Hela smó» smaelacnar isÁaÇ»sUº'| itin …mnw dabI kereCn - "Deàmr
smaelacna† Heb …† paiàTb jIbenr smaelacnar suºpat'| ba„galIr
buiÁcàcar …ekbaer ŸgaRaet† ikǼ …-rkm "smaelacnar sUºpat' Vmra
pãtYQ kir| bãaüNY Dàm bãaüNek† smó» manuexr ˆper óùan ideyeC - bãüar
muK ŸTek† bãaüeNr jnM, …-Drenr AitkTar pãcar ker| AnYidek
oQiºeyr jnM bãüar baû ŸTek, obeSYr jnM bãüar ˆr› …b„ SUeÅr jnM ˆr›
pa ŸTek - ta† bãaüentr manuexra jnMsUeº† inkáñ| "Ÿbd paefr maDYem†
bãaüN bãü¯an laB ker' - …kTa ŸZmn beleC, Ÿtmin bãaüeNtr manuexr
jnY Ÿbd paf inixÁ ker taedr bãaüN Hwyar pT bÉw ker ideyeC| bãaüN
Ze¯r V§n Ÿjel taet Gâtaûit Ÿdy …b„ ŸHam ker - …sb Anuòan naik
taedr ÷àgpãaiÐr ba mui¹¡laeBr pT ker Ÿdy| …Fa suýpñ ŸZ, Zui¹¡ibcarHIn
ibSÿaesr Dumãjal idey samaijk obxmYek icróùayI ker raKar, bãaüN-
ViDptYek inr„k™S ker raKar w saDarN manuexr ¯angeàBr pTek
kÆFkakIàN ker raKar skl bYbóùa† bãaüNY DàmSaó½ ker ŸreKeC| ikǼ
taetw ik ŸSx rQa HeyeC?

ŸSx rQa ŸZ Hyin tar Buir Buir pãmaN mjud reyeC Vmaedr† ŸlOikk
ŠiteHYr Ba¨aer| Ÿs Ba¨aer ˆƒik idel† ŸdKet pa† ŸZ, ŸlaksaDarN Ÿkan
met† Saeó½r sb Anu¯a ibna Zaca† ba pãitbaed Ÿmen Ÿnyin - Zui¹¡ibcaerr
Daral Aeó½ pãitiòt Saó½Iy sb ibiDibDan- ek tara ŸkeF Pala Pala ker
ideyeC; Vbar kKena kKena Ÿs-sbek bY˜-ibÅœep ibÁ kereC| …Kn ŸTek
kmpeQ …k Hajar bCr Veg pãakát w ApÙ„eSr ineàmak ŸBe˜ ZKn
ba„laBaxar sebmaº ABuYdy GFeC, tKnkar rict ŸdaHaekax w càZapd
smUeHw ba„galI Ÿlaksmaej mu¹¡buiÁ w pã¯aSIl icÇ»aDara càcar ýpñ pãkaS
GeFeC| dâñaÇ» ÷rœp, ŸdaHakar srHpaedr ikCu ˆi¹¡r ˆeLK† ZeTñ| AtYÇ»
tIbã w tIQþ Baxay bãaüN rict Saó½ibDaenr pãitbad ker itin beleCn W

** bãaüN bãüar muK H†et H†yaiCl - ZKn H†yaiCl tKn

H†yaiCl, …Kneta AenYw ŸZ-rœep Hy bãaüNw Ÿs† rœep† Hy - teb bãaüNtÔ
riHl ik kirya?
** Zid bl, Ÿbd piRel bãaüN Hy, teb AenYraw taHa pRuk - Vr tara
peRw Ÿta, bYakreNr meDYw Ÿta Ÿbedr S× VeC|
** Vr V§en iG idel Zid mui¹¡ Hy, ta H†el AnY Ÿlaekw idk na| ŸHam
kirel mui¹¡ Zt ŸHak na ŸHak, ŸDƒayay ceQr pIRa Hy, …† maº|
** taHara bãü¯an bãü¯an bel| pãTem ATàbebedr s¹a† na†, Vr AnY
itn Ÿbedr pafw isÁ neH, sutra„ Ÿbedr pãamaNY na†| Ÿbd Ÿta Vr prmaàT
ny, Ÿbd Ÿta Vr SUnY iSQa Ÿdy na - Ÿbd Ÿkbl baej kTa bel|

srHpaedr …† b¹¡bYek Ÿkan bYi¹¡ibeSexr ibi¬CÊ ˆi¹¡ men kra Ÿkan

met† ifk Heb na| br„ bla ˆict - ŸlaksaDareNr mu¹¡buiÁ càcajat icÇ»a-
Babnar† pãitiniDtÔ kereCn srHpad| bãaüeNra taedr kaeymI ÷aàT rQar
jenY ŸZ-sb k™Zui¹¡ ˆ¾apn ker Taek, ŸSaixt-bi‚t manuexr pQ ŸTek Ÿs-
sebr† dƒat-Ba„ga jbab srHpaedr kTa§ela| bY˜-ibÅœepr imeSel …Kaen
Zui¹¡ibcar ŸpeyeC …k ntun maºa| bãaüNYbaedr ibr›eÁ† ìDu ny, bó¼baedr
peQ Ÿlakayitk Zui¹¡ibcaerr ŠitHY-Anusâitetw pãkáñ onpuNY ŸdiKeyeCn
itin W "ikǼ ZKn Ÿkan pdaàT† na†, ZKn bó¼† bó¼ ny, tKn ‰Sÿrw Ÿta bó¼ -
itin Taekn Ÿkmn kirya| bYapekr ABaeb ta bYapY Taiket paerna| bileb,
kàta bilya ‰Sÿr VeCn, ZKn bó¼† na† tKn ‰Sÿr ik kireln?' {Hrpãsad
Saó½Ir "ŸbOÁgan w ŸdaHa' ŸTek srHpaedr ˆi¹¡ dueFar ba„la gdYrœp …Kaen
ˆÁât Hl|}

Hajar bCr pUeàbkar ba„lay srHpaedr meta ŸZ-sb ŸdaHaekax rciyta

kaeymI ÷aàTbadI bãaüNY Dàmek nanaBaeb cYael² jaineyiCeln, tƒaraiCeln
ŸbOÁ isÁacaàZ| isÁacaàZra pãay sba† iCeln inmÈbeàNr manux| inmÈbeàNr manuexr
VSa-VkaªQaek DarN ker† Ÿta pãacIn Baret ŸbOÁ mtbaedr ˆÄb
GeFiCl| prbàtIkael AbSY Baret w Baretr ba†er pãcairt ŸbOÁ mtbad
Vr inmÈbeàNr AiDkaer Taek na, Ÿs-mtbad biNk ŸSãNIr ÷aàTsaDk Hey
Zay| …et ker tTakiTt iSñ smaejr Haet ŸbOÁ mtbaedr ŸlOikk
AÇ»Wsaerr GeF ibniñ| tTaip AnYº Za† ŸHak, ba„lay ŸbOÁ ŠitHY
Ÿlaksmaejr ŸlOikk Ÿctnaek† VSãy ker Taek| "AiBjat ŸbOÁ Dàm'-…r
ibprIet ba„galIr "ŸlOikk ŸbOÁ Dàm' ŸTek† ˆÄUt Hy bjäZan, sHjZan,
kalcº¡Zaenr meta nanan AniBjat Ÿlakayt Granar| naT pÇùaw ŸlOikk
ŸbOÁmetr† ibbàtnjat| ŸlOikk ŸbOÁ sHijya mtbaedr† º¡mibibàtn GeF
"obx—b sHijya' w "baˆl' pÇùay| … CaRa ba„galI Ÿlaksmaej ˆÄUt AnYanY
ibeÅaHI mtbadw ŸbOÁedr mu¹¡buiÁ càcar ŠitHY ŸTek† rs VHrN ker puñ
HeyeC| ba„galIr Ÿlakbâ¹ek Bal ker pàZebQn krel† Vmra Vmaedr
Ÿlaksmaej mu¹¡buiÁ càcar Ÿbgban pãbaHiFr se˜ pirict Het pair|

ba„lay ibiBÊ Deàmr AnupãebS w mu¹¡buiÁ càcar Dara-pãkiá t

Añm ŸTek dSm Sta×I pàZÇ» ba„lay rañäQmtay AiDiòt iCeln ŸbOÁ
DàmablÜI Sask- bâÆd| dSm Sta×Ir pr duŸSa bCr Der cel bãaüNY DàmablÜI
Ÿsnb„SIyedr Sasn …b„ ºeyadS Stk ŸTek †slaemr rajtÔ| ikǼ
ba„galIr pãDantW gãamekiÅk w káixiBi¹k jIbn-Zapn pãNalI Hwyar
kareN rañäQmtay AiDiòt Saskedr saeT taedr sÚpàk ŸTekeC mult
ibi¬CÊ ba QIn …b„ Ÿs-jenY SaskbâeÆdr Dàm saDarN manuexr jIbndàSenr
ˆpr Ÿkan pãtYQ pãBab ŸPelin| Zidw S„kracaàZ-kàtâk iHÆdu DàmIy
pUnàjagrenr pr lQN Ÿsenr Sasnamel rañäIyBaeb Deàmr bYapk baRabaiR
cel ba„lar manuexr ˆpr; Vr ifk tKn† †slam Dàm ZKn bàNaSãmibHIn
smta w ÙatâetÔr baNI iney ba„lay Vgmn ker, pUnray bãaünY bàNaSãemr
AiBSap ŸTek bƒacar jenY ba„galI jngN del del †slaem dIiQt Hy|
bó¼tW iHÆdu, ŸbOÁ, †slam †tYaid pãTagt Dàm Vmaedr smaej AnupãebS
kereC rañäZeǽr Saskedr Dàmek ŸkÆÅ ker†| ikǼ Š sb Dàm§ela† ba„galI
Ÿlaksmaej pãebS ker º¡em† taedr Saó½Iy ibìÁta Hairey ŸlOikk Deàm
pirNt HeyeC| ba„galIr ŸlOikk Dàm§ela pãTagt Saó½Deàmr rQNSIl t¹Ô w
ibDanek brabr† pãtYaKan kereC …b„ Ÿs-pãtYaKaen ŸlaksaDareNr
ka¨¯an w mu¹¡buiÁ† inàDark BUimka gãHN kereC| Ÿs-jnY† ŸdKa Zay,
rajanuDnY pi¨tbàg ZKn bãaünYSaeó½r ibìÁta rQar jnY s„ôát Baxay
rict Saó½gãeÇùr ŸdSIy Baxay Anubad pãcaerr ibr›eÁ Petaya jair kereC,
tKn ba„galI ŸlaksaDarN Ÿs-Petayaek ŸTaRa† peraya kereC| ŸZmn,
AñadS puraN ik„ba ramayN Zid Ÿkˆ ŸdSIy Baxay Anubad ker, teb Ÿs
nrek pitt Heb bel bãaüNY Saó½karra ŸZ ibDan jair kereC taek AgãaHY
ker† ramayN-mHaBart-Bagbt sH Saó½ w puraN gãeÇùr Ajsã ŸdSIy Anubad
w BaxY pãcar kereCn Ÿlaksmaejr kibbâÆd| Saó½½karedr r¹¡cQ™
Ÿlakkibedr mu¹¡buiÁ càcaek Ÿfikey raKet paerin| Vr k´rpÇùI
Saó½bYbsayIedr bdel mu¹¡mna kibra bâH¹r smaejr manYta-SãÁaw Ÿpey
ŸgeCn sHej†|

musilm Saó½eb¹araw ŸdSIy Baxay †slam càcakarIedr "kaePr' VKYa

ideyeC| ATc Ÿlaksmaejr kibra Ÿs-VKYaek iSeraBUxN ker iney†
matâBaxa ba„lay rcna kereCn "rsul cirt', "nbIb„S ', "nUrnama' †tYaid
kabYsmUH| kib osyd sultan mu¹¡buiÁr AnugamI iCeln bel† tƒar "nbIb„S'
gãeÇù …kaÇ» ˆdarta w pãTaiberaDI inàBIktar s„eg †slam DàmIy VnugtY w
ibDaenr ˆeàDÕ Ÿlakayt BabadàS w ÷Iy kibkæpnaek óùan ideyeCn bãü, ibxu—,
iSb w káx—ekw nbI bel gãHN ker| Ÿtmin Baeb ¯anpãdIp w ¯anecOitSa
namk taiǽk ŸZag-ibxyk inbÉw rcna ker ŸgeCn itin| tǽ w eZag - …
du†-† AtYÇ» pãacIn Ÿlakayt bó¼badI ŠiteHYr DarabaHI …b„ ta AbSY†
†slam DàmSaeó½r ba SrIyit †slaemr pirpÇùI| kaej† ÷aDIn icÇ»a w
mu¹¡buiÁr AnusarI iCeln bel† osyd sultan pãTabÁ DàmIy AnuSasenr
iberaDItay ŸmaeF† †tó»tW kern in| osyd sultaenr mt† saÚpãdaiyk DàmIy
s„karek ˆepQa ker† ŸSK PyjuLaH, osyd màtuja w naisr mamuedr mt
kibra rcna kereCn "ŸgarQ ibjy', "stYpIerr puƒiT' w "raDakáx—' ibxyk
pdablI| …ƒedr mu¹¡buiÁ Saó½Iy rQNSIlta w saÚpãdaiyk k™pm¨ktar Vgl
ŸBe– manbmui¹¡r pTek† Abairt ker idet ŸceyeC …b„ ba˜alIr ŸlOikk
ŠitHYek AsamanY sÚped pirpUàN kereC|

DàmIy ŸgƒaRaimr ŸKales Vbât w mu¹¡buiÁ càcar …kaÇ» iberaDI k´r

DàmablÜIra AbSY† …-sebr meDY buiÁr mui¹¡r Ÿkan Vlamt† Kuƒej paeb na|
DàmaSãyI Hwyar kareN† tara br„ …-sbek pãitiº¡yaSIl bel† VKYa Ÿdeb;
DàmicÇ»ar saeT mu¹¡buiÁr Ÿkan s„eZagek† tara Ÿmen inet pareb na|

mu¹¡buiÁek …kFa Zaiǽk dâiñet ŸdKa ikǼ Ÿkan met† sifk w †itHas sÚmt
ny| manb †itHaesr idek takael sHej† ŸdKa Zay - pâiTbIr pãetYk
jnegaiòr smajjIben† mu¹¡buiÁr càca Dàmectnar …kiF dIàG pàZay Aitº¡m
ker Agãsr HeyeC …b„ manb smaej Ÿs-pàZayiFr cURaÇ» Absan …Kena
GeFin| ibeSxt káixiBi¹k ˆ‡padn-bYbóùar ADIn ŸZ smaj, Ÿs smaejr
icÇ»aŸctna Ÿta Vjw AinbaàZ rœep† DàmaSãyI| Deàmr Vwtar ŸBter ŸTek†
Ÿs-smaejr manux buiÁr càca ker, Ÿs-Drenr càcar mDY idey† tar buiÁ
SaiNt Hey ˆef w º¡maÊey taet mui¹¡r ŸCƒaya laeg| DàmekiÆÅk smaj
kafaemaet manuexr mu¹¡buiÁr càca Dàmek ŸkÆÅ ker† ýPšiàt ŸpeyeC,
pãitiº¡yar ibr›eÁ s„gãamw Dàmek† VSãy kereC| smaejr DàmIy kàtâtÔSIl
ŸgaòI Deàmr ŸZ-bYaKYa ideyeC, ta kKn† kàtâtÔ-bi‚t ŸlaksaDareNr ÷aeàTr
piretaxk Hyin br„ HeyeC tar ˆleFa| ta† kàtâtÔHInra Deàmr AnYtr
bYaKYa KuƒejeC| Ÿs-bYaKYa Kuƒjet igey† tara maàks-kiTt Deàmr smaelacna-
y pãbâ¹ HeyeC …b„ Ÿs† smaelacna idey† ìr› HeyeC taedr mu¹¡buiÁr càca|
ˆperaeLiKt pãacIn BartIy (vkebd s„iHtar w ˆpinexdIy Zueg), ŸbOÁ
mtbadIy w Vid ba„galIy (srHpad pãmueKr) mu¹¡buiÁ càcaet …-rkm …kiF
Dara† suýpñ Hey ˆef AàTa‡ Deàmr smaelacnaek ŸkÆÅ ker† mu¹¡buiÁr càcar
ýPšrN GFet ŸdiK| mDYZuegr †ˆeraepr †itHaesw Ÿta Vmra …-rkm
GFna† GFet ŸdiK| du'Hajar bCr Veg jngeNr AiDkar pãitòar Viàtek
Baxarœp dan ker ˆÄb GeFiCl ŸZ-KâñDeàmr, Ÿs† KâñDàm suibSal Ÿram
samãaejYr srkarI Deàm pirNt Het† jngeNr VSa-Vka„Qaek crmBaeb
pddilt kret Taek KâñIy ctuàT Sta×I ŸTek| kYaTilk caeàcr ZajkIy
Sasktǽ Kâñ mtbaedr ŸZ pãitiº¡yaSIl BaxY manuexr ˆpr caipey ideyiCl
tar† ibr›eÁ jngeNr pQ ŸTek Kâñ Deàmr ibpåbI bYaKYa Haijr keriCeln
†ˆeraepr ibpåbI buiÁjIibbâÆd| …ƒedr meDY iCeln wya†i£P, jn Has, Fmas
mueyn‡sar, ˆ†nöYanlI …b„ …-rkm Vera Aenek| …ƒra VDuink AeàT
Ÿkˆ† DàmiberaDI ba naió»k ba bó¼badI iCeln na| tbuw Deàm Vóùa ŸreK† …ƒra
ŸZBaeb mu¹¡buiÁr càca keriCeln tar ŠitHaisk §r›tÔek Ÿkan met†
A÷Ikar kra Zay na| br„ …sb inàBIk buiÁjIibedr ibpåbI Dàm-bYaKYaek
AblÜn ker† Ÿta p‚dS-ŸxaRS Stekr †ˆeraep KâñcaàcIy Sasnteǽr
ibr›eÁ geR ˆef grIb Ùatâs„G, FYabra†F, ŸleBlar, ihgaàl namk j˜I
VeÆdaln smUH| …† VeÆdaln§ela ta‡QiNk sPlta na Ÿpelw
prbiàtkaelr Aenk Ÿbgban w sPl ibpåebr ŸpãrNar ˆ‡s iHeseb ŸZ kaj
keriCl, ta A÷Ikar krar ˆpay Ÿn†| Deàmr Vwtay Abóùan kerw Deàmr
ŸZ pãgitmuKI smaelacna pãagaDuink kaelr icÇ»aibdgN keriCeln ik„ba
ibeÅaHI Dàm-Ÿctnaek VSãy ker manibk AiDkar pãitòar leQY
ŸlaksaDarN ŸZ-sb VeÆdalen Jƒaipey peRiCl, Ÿs-sebr §r›tÔ ˆepQnIy
ny Ÿkanmet†| …-kaelr w BabIkaelr manuexr mu¹¡buiÁ càca Heb …rkm sb
mu¹¡buiÁ càcar ŸlOikk ŠiteHYr† ˆ¹raiDkar maº|

baˆl mtbaed mu¹¡buiÁr càca

†ˆeraepr se˜ pãittulnay ba„galI ŸlOikk ŠitHY Ÿta Aenk ŸbSI smâÁ|
ibeSx ker Saó½Iy Deàmr AnuSasenr ibr›eÁ pãSÈ ˆ¾apenr bYapaer Vmaedr
ŸlaksaDarN ŸZ buiÁ, pã¯a, saHs w onpueNYr pircy ideyeC AnYº tar
tulna Ÿmla Bar| "inmÈbeàgr manuexr DàmBabna ŸZ ˆ¬cbàgIy Qmtabanedr
ŸTek pâTk Hey Taek' - … kTa †talIr ibpåebr icÇ»anayk gãamisw bel
ŸgeCn| …-paàTkY kKena kKena pãkF Hey ˆef …b„ ta inmÈbeàgr manuexr
maeJ iBÊDàmI mtbaedr ˆÄb GFaet paer| Vmaedr DàmIy †itHaesr iBtr
ˆƒik marel - …-Drenr GFna Vmaedr ŸdeS† ŸbSI ýpñta w tIbãta iney
pãkaiSt Het ŸdiK| ˆdaHrN ÷rœp, pãacIn ba„lar ŸbOÁ isÁacaàZra bàNaSãyI w
pãitiº¡yaSIl bãaüNYDeàmr ‰Sÿr- ibSÿasek inàmmBaeb Vº¡mn ker ŸZ
"ŸlOikk ŸbOÁ Dàm'-r ibbàtn GFay, ta prbiàtet "obx—b sHijya' Hey
ŸlOikk †slaemr s„eZaeg "ŸlOikk baˆl' te¹Ô rœp Ÿny, Za Veg† ˆeLK
kra HeyeC| baˆl mtbaed Ÿta ŸlaksaDareNr Zui¹¡badI mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»n
càcar …k ABabnIy ÷aQr reyeC, Za pãcilt DàmanuSasnek …b„ ibeSxt
†slam DàmIy DYanDarNaek suinpun pãSÈbaen, Ù›k™iFet w Ab¯ay naó»anabud
ker ŸCeR ideyeC| ŸZmn, baˆl-iSeramiN laln SaeHr iSxY duÀu SaeHr mueK
ìin -

""bó¼ek† VtMa bla Zay

VtMa Ÿkan AelOikk ikCu ny|''
 ATba
""bó¼ CaRa naiH Vr VLa ik„ba Hir|
…iH mt ŸdK seb nr-bó¼ Dir^
rjWbIàZ …† du† bó¼ ŸZba icen|
laln sƒa†ijek Ÿs† jn icen^''

paiàTb bó¼baedr …† crm biHàpãkaS Vmaedr mt VDuink ˆ¬ciSiQt

bYi¹¡beàgr pai¨tY- AiBmaenw mó» bR Daqa lagaet baDY| Ÿs† Daqa samel
iney s„ôarmu¹¡ dâiñet Vmaedr †itHas AnusÉan krel† ŸdKet pa† - duÀu
SaeHr gaen pãkaS GeFeC ŸZ srl bó¼baedr, ZIì Kâñ w bueÁr jenMrw Aenk
Veg ŸTek† diQn …SIy ˆpmHaedeSr ŠiteHY Ÿs† bó¼bad sudâ• iSkR
ŸgeR VeC - Vr Ÿs† bó¼baedr† pãbaHmanta ba„galIr ŸlOikk ŠitHY|
Vˆl-baˆledr ŸdHte¹Ôr gan Ÿta Ÿs† srl bó¼baedr† sinò Anusâit|
ŸZmn, "Za Ÿn† Ba¨, ta Ÿn† bãüae¨' , AàTa‡ manuexr ŸdeH Za Ÿn†, ta
ibSÿbãüae¨r ŸkaTaw Ÿn†| bó¼† ibeSÿr mUl ˆpadan, bó¼-bYitir¹¡ Aió»tÔHIn
Ÿkaena ikCur AnusÉan …kaÇ»† inîPl| baˆl t¹Ô ibSÿas ker Ÿs† bó¼ibeSÿr
sàbeSãò sâiñ He¬C manux| kaej† baˆl beln-

AnÇ» rœp sâiñ kreln saƒ†

ìin manebr ˆ¹m ikCu na†|
Ÿdb-ŸdbtagN ker VraDn
jnM inet maneb^

narIr rjW w pur›exr bIàZ - …† dueyr s„eZaeg† sâiñ Hy nr ba manuexr

ŸdH, …† ŸdHrœp bó¼r baiHer AnY Ÿkan VtMar Aió»tÔ ÷Ikar kra AàTHIn|
ŸdHatMbaedr …† ŸbaD pãTagt DàmIr ‰Sÿerr sâjnek manb-sâñ bel† ray
Ÿdy …b„ laln SaH (1778-1890) ýpñ† bel ŸPeln -

VLa Hir Bjn pUjn

skil manuexr sâjn
Anamk Aicnay kKn
baigiÆÅy na sÝeb|

"manuexr sâjn' …† VLa ik„ba Hirek ineyw ŸSãNIibB¹¡ smaejr kàtâtÔSIl

ŸgaòI nanan ŸBd-ibeBedr sâiñ kereC| Ÿs† ŸBd-ibeBedr† pãkaS ibiBÊ
pãTagt Deàm, Vr Ÿs† sb Dàmek AblÜn ker† sâiñ HeyeC saÚpãdaiyk
iH„sa-ibeÃexr| ibiBÊ sÚpãday Vpn Vpn Dàmek† "stY' bel pãcar
ker …b„ ‰Sÿerr ÷rœp iney bad-ibbaed pãbâ¹ HeyeC| pãkát mu¹¡buiÁ w
icÇ»enr VSãy inel† …-rkm saÚpãdaiyk Dàm-bYaKYar Pƒak-ŸPƒakr §ela Dra
peR Zay| Ÿs† pãkáñ mu¹¡buiÁr pãitiniDtÔ ker† laln SaH Ÿgey Zan -
 Deàmr ˆeÀSY Zid Hy
VLar inàNy
taHel skl Deàm†
taer pawya Zay^
…k lQ cibÕS Hajar
pygÜerr Hela Kbr
ŒinSiF nam Ÿkaran-iBtr
Vr skl ŸkaTay?
taelbul mwla ŸZ Hy
skl Deàm† Ÿs taer pay
VLa kaera …kaÇ» ny
Ÿcey ŸdKer - …† duinyay^

sHj-srl gaenr Baxay "AiSiQt' "gãamY Pikr' laln SaH …-rkm Aenk
icÇ»nIy t¹Ô w setYr† ˆdGaFn GiFeyeCn| iHÆdu w muslmaenr ÷àg ba
prelak sÚpàkIy Ailk Babnar pãitw itin smaelacnar tIr ineQp
kereCn …Baeb W

iHÆdu-muslman du†jn VeC

du† Baeg^
ŸbeHSetr VSay muimngN
iHÆduidegr ÷eàget mn
Fl ik AFl Ÿmakam ŸsiH
ŸlHaj ker jan Veg|
PikrI saDn ker
ŸKalasa ry ûjuer
ŸBeó»r suK PaFk sman
kar-ba ta† Bal laeg^

pãTagt Dàm§elaet ŸZ ÷àg ba ŸbeHó»ek Ait ŸlaBnIy rœep tuel Dra HeyeC,
taek† ikna AblIlay "ŸBeó»r suK PaFk sman' ray idey Anayaes pãtYaKYan
kret ŸpereCn ŸlakDàm tTa Ÿlaksmaejr pãitiniD laln SaH| …Kaen†
ŸSx ny - †slaem narIek †Helaekw ŸZmn Aenk manibk AiDkar ŸTek
bi‚t raKa HeyeC, Ÿtmin prelaekw ŸZ tar pãaiÐ sÚpeàk ikCu† Baba Hyin,
Ÿs ibxyiFw suibcQn Ÿlakkibr dâiñ …Raet paerin| ta† DàmDÕjIedr kaeC
tƒar ibÅœp Bra ibbãtkr pãSÈ -

im…—a Ba†, ik kTa ìna†eln BarI

Heb naik ikyamet VZab BarI|
 nrnarI ŸBó» maJar,
paeb naik sman AiDkar
ner paeb ûerr bHr
bdla ik tar paeb narI?

skl DàmSaeó½† …k nYay-ibcark ‰Sÿerr kTa bla Hey Taek| ikǼ pâiTbIet
manuex manuex ŸZ ŸBd-obxmY ibraj ker, ta ŸdeK ÷aBaibkBaeb† ‰Sÿerr
nYay-ibcar sÜeÉ seÆdH jaeg| nYay-ibcark ŸKadar duinyaet ŸZ-manux
pãitinyt duWK-kñ ŸBag ker Zay …b„ ibna Ÿdaex pãbelr inpIRen
ˆ‡pIiRt Het Taek, Ÿs† manux ik-ker prelaek …k† ŸKadar inkF
suibcar Ÿpey ÷àgelaek Zawyar Brsa Ÿpet paer? obxmY-pIiRt Ÿs†
manuexr pQ ŸTek† laln SaeHr Q™Ø ij¯asa -

Ÿkmn nYay-ibcar ŸKada bl Ÿga Vmay|

taHel DnI-grIb Ÿkn … BUben ry|
BalmÆd sman Hel
Vmra Ÿkn piR tel
Ÿkˆ dalan Ÿkafar Ÿkael
ìey inÅa Zay^
Ÿs† Vmra mreNr per
Zab naik ֈg puer
Ÿk maineb … sb ŸHer
…† duinyay?

pairpaeàSÿr …-rkm As„git sÚpeàk pãSÈ Zui¹¡tàk-iBi¹k tuel† laln SaeHr

meta Ÿlaksmaejr pãitiniDra QaÇ» Taekn in, …-sb ŸTek† taƒedr
mu¹¡buiÁr càca w sâjnSIl kæpnar ibó»ar| skl pãkar As„gitmu¹¡ …k
obxmYHIn VdàS samY smaejr Viàt† laln SaH tƒar …kiF gaen -

…mn smaj keb Ÿga sâjn Heb|

ŸZidn iHÆdu muslman
ŸbOÁ KãIöan
jaitegaº naiH reb^
ŸSanaey ŸlaeBr buil
Ÿneb na kƒaeDr J™il
†tr VSraP bil
dUer Ÿfel na Ÿdeb^
Vimr Pikr Hey …k fƒa†
sbar pawna Kaeb sba†
VSraP bilya ŸrHa†
 Beb Ÿkˆ naiH paeb^

samY smaejr …-rkm iniðy Viàtr meDY† Ÿlaksmaejr buiÁcàca sIimt

Taekin, ik„ba tar kæpna-k™Slta …Kaen† inWeSixt Hey Zayin|
baˆledrw Aenk Veg† ŸxaRS Stekr m˜lkaebYr kibra …mn …k
kiæpt raejYr mans-sâjn GiFeyiCeln Zaek bla ŸZet paer "sb ŸpeyiCr
ŸdS'| m˜lkaebY Ÿs† "sb ŸpeyiCr ŸdS' sâñ HeyeC inmÈbàgIy naykedr
Haet| …-rkm† …kjn nayk c¨Im˜elr kalektu, Zƒar ÷epÈr samY-raejYr
÷rœpiF …-rkm -

""duWKI dirÅ taet …k naiH jain

knk klsI Bir pãja Kay pain^''

…b„

""Zt Ÿbes Ÿlak naiH Ÿrag ŸSak

sBar ŸkOeSy bas|
k™mk™m cÆdn Ae˜ ibelpn
malY ŸSaeB ŸkSpaS^
S„k ŸbNu bINa mâd˜ bajna
baej sBakar Ger
Hy naF gIt seb pulikt
m˜l pãit baser^''

baó»eb …-rkm raejYr Aió»tÔ AbSY† Ÿn†| ikǼ baó»eb Za Ÿn†, manux Ÿta
ta† sâiñ kret cay| manuexr pãkát dàSn He¬C - ibrœp baó»bek bdiley nya
duinya sâiñr dàSn| Ÿs† bdlaenar kajFa pãTm ker Ÿs kæpnay …kFa
VkàxnIy "÷àgrajY' ba "†ˆeFaipya' sâiñr maDYem| prbiàtet manux º¡magt
Ÿs† †ˆeFaipya'ek samen ŸreK tar pãyasek AbYaHt raeK| ba˜alI
Ÿlaksmajw †ˆeFaipya sâiñet ŸmaeF† pIiCey Taekin| kalektur §jraF
rajY …-rkm† …kiF †ˆeFaipya maº| …-rkm VerkiF †ˆeFaipya
Dàmm˜elr nayk laˆesenr mynagR rajY| …edeSr manux VbHmankal
Der† …k stYZuegr kæpna ker …eseC ŸZKaen AstY Ÿn†, ADàm Ÿn†,
AnYay Ÿn†, AsamY Ÿn†| manuexr kiæpt †ˆeFaipyaek baó»bta daenr pãyas
kKena kKena sPl Hey baó»eb† Ÿs †ˆeFaipya mUàt Hey ˆef| ŸZmn, Vfaera
Stekr ŸSx w ˆinS Stekr ŸgaRar idek mymnis„eHr ˆ¹ra‚el …-
rkm …kiF GFna† GeFiCl| Ÿs-…lakay krm SaH namk …k Ÿlaknayekr
ŸntâetÔ "paglpÇùa' namk …kiF ŸlakDàm ba ŸlOikk VeÆdaln geR ˆef|
paglpÇùar mUl kTa iCl …-rkm W
"VLaHr sâñ duinyar tƒar baÆda He¬C manux| VLaHr dâiñet taƒr skl baÆda†
sman, Ÿkˆ ŸCaF Ÿkˆ bR ny| Vr VLaHr jimenw tƒar skl baÆdar sman
AiDkar| Ÿkaena jimdar ba talukdaerr† Ÿs† jimenr Kajna daib krar
AiDkar Ÿn†|'

1775 Kâñae×r kaCakaiC Ÿkaena …k smey krm SaH t‡kalIn mymnis„H

Ÿjlar sus„g w ŸSrpur prgnar Vid- bais w ba„galI káxkedr meDY
paglpÇùar pãcar kret Taekn| tƒar …† pãcaer káxkra pãblBaeb saRa Ÿdy,
del del tara paglpÇùar ptakatel smebt Het Taek| 1813 sael krm
SaeHr mâtuYr pr tƒar iSxY iFpu pagla paglpÇùIedr ŸntâtÔ gãHN kern| iFpur
ŸntâetÔ s„gift ibeÅaHI káxekrapãTem jimdarek Kajna Ÿdwya bÉ ker
Ÿdy, tarpr 1825 sael ŸSrpuerr jimdaredr ˆ‡Kat ker …kFa ÷aDIn
raejYr† p¹n GiFey ŸPel| …-raejY káxkedr Ÿkaena Kajna idet Htna,
jimr ˆpr skl káxekr iCl sHj w sman AiDkar| AàTa‡ ba„galI
Ÿlaksmaejr †ˆeFaipya-† …kaÇ» baó»b Hey ŸdKa ideyiCl Ÿlaknayk iFpur
ŸSrpur raejY|

ŸlOikk samYbaedr Dark ŸSrpur rajY iFek iCl maº du'bCr| VDuink Aó½-
si°t ibãiFS osenYr Haet iFpu paglar prajy GeF …b„ Ÿs-rajY Vbar
jimdaredr Haet cel Zay| tbuw 1825 sael Vmaedr ŸdeS …mn …kiF
samYbadI rajY pãitiòt Hwyar GFna AtYÇ» ta‡pàZpUàN| ATc Ÿs-ta‡pàZ
AnuDaben Vmra Ÿtmn grj ŸdKa†in| 1870 saelr maº itnmas óùayI
"pYair kimˆn' VeÆdalenr kTa iney Vmaedr Vebg-ˆ¬CÔaesr AÇ» Ÿn†
ikǼ tar Ÿceyw 45 bCr Veg ba„lar Ÿlaksmaejr manuexra GiFeyiCl iFpu
paglar samYraejYr mt Aenk bR GFnar| ATc …† GFnar pãit ba„lar
manuexr dâiñ peReC kdaic‡| karNFa Hl, Vmra ViBjaetYr AiBman w
s„ôar sHej CaRet pair na| ŸCaFelak'ra BÅelak'edr Ÿcey ŸbSI buiÁman
w Si¹¡man Het paer - Vmra …mn kTa Ÿmen inet Ain¬Cuk …b„ Ÿs-
kareN† Aenk §r›tÔpUàN samaijk stY ba GFna Vmaedr ŸcaƒeK Dra peR na|
Ÿs† jenY† ba„galIr ŸlOikk ŠiteHY ibiBÊ Daray GiFt pãkáñ mu¹¡buiÁ càcar
§r›tÔ sÚpeàk Vmra AenkFa AÉkaer† ŸTek igeyiC|

ŸlakDàm w s˜It - pãDant …† dueFa VDarek VSãy ker† ba„galI

Ÿlaksmaejr mu¹¡buiÁr càca ýPšrN laB kereC| ŸbOÁ sHijya, obx—b sHijya
w baˆelr pr kàtaBja, saeHbDnI, KuSI ibSÿasI, blaHaiR …b„ …-rkm
Vera nana Daray ba„lar nana A‚el ŸlakDeàmr ibkaS GeF| sb§ela
ŸlakDàm† inejr inejr pÁitet ÷aDIn icÇ»a w mu¹¡buiÁ càca kereC| …-
rcnar sIimt pirser …-sb§ela ŸlakDeàmr Velacna sÝb na Helw
blaHaiR sÚpãday w tar pãitòata blram HaiRr kTa ikCu na blel† ny|
blaHaiR Ÿlak- DàmiF …Kn ibluÐ-pãay, ATc ˆinS Stekr pãTm idek ba„lar
gãama‚el - ibeSx ker ŸmeHrpur, cuyada˜a, k™iñya …lakar inmÈbeàgr ibpul
s„KYk manux (iHÆdu-musilm iniàbeSex) …-Deàmr AnusarI HeyiCl| …ƒra
pãTagt iHÆdu w muslman Deàmr pãay skl ibSÿas w Vcar† pirtYag
keriCeln| ó½I w pur›x CaRa manuexr Vr Ÿkaena jaiteBd …ƒra manetn na|
blram HaiR inejw iCeln inmÈbeàgr manux, tƒar jnM HeyiCl
smaejr …ekbaer inmÈpãaeÇ» Abióùt …k AýpâSY Ÿgaeº| ATc pãaitòaink w
Vnuòaink iSQabi‚t …† manuxiFr buiÁ- ibebcna ŸZ ktFa Daral iCl,
tar† …kiF dâñaÇ» ˆeLK kereCn ˆinS Stekr pãKYat ŸlKk w icÇ»aibd
AQy k™mar d¹| taƒr "BartbàxIy ˆpask sÚpãday' namk gãeÇù itin
ileKeCn :

""…kidn blram ndIet øan kiret igya ŸdiKl, keykjn bãaüN

tTay iptâelaekr tàpN kireteCn| blram inejw taHaedr nYay
A˜B˜I kirya ndIkšel jlescn kiret laigl| †Ha ŸdiKya …k
bãaüN tƒaHaek ij¯asa kireln, bla† tu† w-sb ik kiretiCs?
Ÿs ˆ¹r kirl, Vim Saekr ŸQet jl idetiC| bãaüN
kiHeln, …Kaen Saekr ŸQt ŸkaTay? blram ˆ¹r kirl,
Vpnara ŸZ iptâelaekr tàpN kireteCn taHara …Kaen ŸkaTay?
Zid ndIr jl ndIet ineQp kirel iptâelaekra pãaÐ Hn, teb
ndIkšel jlescn kirel Saekr ŸQt jl pa†eb na Ÿkn?''

blram HaiRr Zui¹¡ibcaerr …† DaraiF pãacIn Baretr caàbak ba

Ÿlakayitkedr ibcarbuiÁr kTa Vmaedr sMrN kirey Ÿdy| mu¹¡buiÁ
càcar …† supãacIn pãbaHiF Vmra ba˜alIr Ÿlak- Dàm§ilr pret pret siº¡y
Het ŸdeKiC …b„ s„gIt† HeyeC …-sb ŸlakDeàmr mUl pãkaS-maDYm| ìDu
ŸlakDàm ny, ba„galI jaitr mnn, buiÁ, kæpna - sb ikCur† AiBbYi¹¡
GeFeC mUlt s„gIetr maDYem| Zaƒra laln-duÀu SaeHr mt Ÿkaena ibeSx
ŸlakDeàmr AiDkarI iCeln na, Ÿtmn Ÿlakkib …b„ s„gItkarraw
mu¹¡buiÁcàcar ŸlOikk ŠiteHYr† ˆ¹raiDkar bHn ker celn| tƒaedr
s„gIetw Zui¹¡ibcarHIn DàmibSÿas w Dàmacar …b„ samaijk AnYay-Anacaerr
ibr›eÁ GâNa, pãitbad w ibÅœepr pãkaS GeFeC| inejedr ÷aDIn buiÁr
ineàdeS† manuexr màZadaek tƒara ˆe¬c tuel DereCn DàmSaó½ ba DàmbYbsayIedr
Petayaek Ÿtayaqa na ker| ŸZmn, Ÿnºekanar pãKYat Ÿlakkib jalal
ˆiÀn Kƒa AtYÇ» inàBIktar saeT beln -

manux Tu†ya ŸKada Bj, … mǽNa Ÿk idyaeC

manux Bj, Ÿkaran ŸKaƒj patay patay saQI VeC|

Dàm iney nanan bad-ibs„bad pãse˜ tƒar suýpñ mÇ»bY -

 Dàm Het …† jget dladil† Ÿkbl sar
Buel peR jalal ŸGaer mn H†l na pirïar^
…† ibSÿ bãüa¨my …ekr mÆd AenY ky
ker kt iH„sar ˆdy GâNar ceQ cay Vbar,
kagejr …† bó»a ŸPel mHasetYr ŸdeS Ÿgel
ŸBes Zaeb sb silel Dàm blet na† ikCu Vr^

ˆinS Stekr ŸSx w ibS Stekr ŸgaRay nris„dI …lakar …kjn

Ÿlakkibr ABuYdy GeFiCl| taƒr nam obk™ËnaT cº¡bàtI| "pagl iÃjdaS'
BiNtay rict taƒr gan§ela …k smy zaka-mymnis„H-k™imLa …lakar
gãaem-ge² pãBUt Ÿlakipãyta ŸpeyiCl| ŸZ-gaen ‰Sÿrek seÜaDn ker kTa
beleCn, Ÿs-gaen† Vbar ‰Sÿerr Aió»tÔ sÚpeàkw pãSÈ ˆ¾apn ker
beseCn …b„ Saó½ Ÿmen clar ÷aàTkta ineyw seÆdH pãkaS kereCn| taƒr …-
rkm† …kiF gan –

Ÿkˆ bel VC tuim Ÿkˆ bel na†

Vim bil Takel Tak™k na Taikel na†|
Zaer nyenw ŸdiK na† SãbeNw ìin na†
VC ik na VC Ÿmel na pãmaN^
pagl iÃjdaesr gan|
iHÆdugeNr baÉa VeC iºsÉYa kaj
muslmaenr baÉa VeC paƒc wya¹¡ namaj^
ŸZ jn sÐaH peret Zay gIàjaet
taHara† …-jget manux pãDan^
pagl iÃjdaesr gan|
Ÿbd puraN ba†ebl Vid Zt †it puƒiT
main bel† Ÿmaedr …† duàgit^
manet manet Saó½ pa† na AÊbó½
GiFbaiF laif Ÿbec keàm idiC dan^
pagl iÃjdaesr gan|

pãacIn BartIy nYaySaeó½ bla HeyeC - "baed baed jayet t¹ÔebaD' AàTa‡
bad-pãitbaedr mDY idey† te¹Ôr ŸbaD jenM| stYsÉaenr jnY bad-
pãitbaedr mDY idey† …§et Hy, bad-pãitbad CaRa mu¹¡buiÁr càca Ÿkaena
met† sÝb ny| ba–alI Ÿlaksmaj VbHman kal Der …† bad-pãitbaedr
ˆpr ZeTñ §r›tÔ idey …eseC …b„ ba„lar s„gIt-s„ôáitet bad-
pãitbad …kiF pãBabSalI óùan dKl ker VeC| ibcar gan, paLa gan, gÝIra
gan, kibgan †tYaidr Vsr ba„galIr ŸlakjIben Vjw mu¹¡buiÁ càcar
"sjIb m‚'| ibeSx ker kibgaenr - gan w kibtar ZugM-sâiñ …† kibgan
ìDu kibta ba gan† ny, ibtàkw beF| ibteàkr jnY† kibgaenr Verk nam
"kibr lRa†'| kibgaenr Vser du† kibyal DàmSaó½ ŸTek ìr› ker
smajnIit w rajnIit pàZÇ» bûibD ibxy iney …mn ŸKalaemla ibteàkr
AbtarNa kern ŸZ taet ŸbaJa Zay - ióùtabóùar smàTk w manuexr ÷aDIn
icÇ»n iberaDI kàtâtÔSIl Si¹¡ ibiDinexeDr nana ŸbRajal ideyw
Ÿlaksmaejr ÷aDIn icÇ»a w mu¹¡buiÁr pãbaHiFek Ÿfikey raKet paer na|
s˜Ietr mt† CRa, paƒcail, DaDa, pãbad w ŸlaknaFYsH Ÿlak-s„ôáitr skl
pãkreN† Ÿkaena-na-ŸkaenaBaeb mu¹¡buiÁr AiBbYi¹¡ GeF| teb Ÿs-AiBbYi¹¡
ŸZ Kub sHej† GFet paer, ta AbSY† ny| mu¹¡buiÁek k™s„ôaerr pi«el
huibey Ÿdyar mt …mn Ajsã ˆpadan ŸlOikk ŠiteHYr se˜ jiRt-imiSãt
Hey ŸgeC| kaeyim ÷aeàTr Dark-baHkrasHej ŸlaksaDareNr mu¹¡buiÁr
AiBbYi¹¡ek Ÿmen Ÿnyin; kKena DàmSaó½Iy ŸnSar ViPm Ka†ey, Vbar
kKena ŸpSISi¹¡r Ÿjaer mu¹¡buiÁek tara daibey raKet stt pãecña
kereC| wedr sâñ pãitbÉktar Ÿmakaebla ker, Vbar kKena jIbenr Jƒ™ik
iney† skl mu¹¡buiÁ w icÇ»nSIl ŸlakDàm pãb¹¡a, Ÿlakkib w Ÿlak-
naykek …igey ŸZet HeyeC|

VDuink ba„lay mu¹¡buiÁr càca

ba„galIr jatIy jIben mu¹¡buiÁ càcar Velacnay ba„la-saiHetYr du† ˆ°Ôl

tarka ibSÿkib rbIÆÅnaT fak™r (1861-1941) w ibeÅaHI kib njr›l
†slaemr (1899- 1976) Buimka ibebcna …ekbaer na krel† ny| ba„la-
saiHtYek susmâÁ krar ŸQeº …† du† Zug-ibjyI kibr Abdan AtulnIy|
Vr taƒedr saiHtY rcnayw mu¹¡buiÁ w Zui¹¡badI icÇ»a-Ÿctna suýpñ P™eF
ˆefeC| …Kaen ibebcna VbSYk ŸZ, ribfak™r w njr›l baˆl pÇùar Ãara
ZeTñ pãBaibt HeyiCeln| baˆl gaenr meDY ribfak™r KUƒej ŸpeyiCeln taƒr
pãaNDeàmr màmkTa| baˆelr manbtabadI jIbnectna rbIÆÅnaTek gBIrBaeb
VelaiRt keriCl …b„ tƒar gaen w kibtay bar bar …eseC baˆl pãs˜|
1890 sael lalenr mâtuYr Veg w per ribfak™r iSla†deH Vsa-Zawya
kereCn ikǼ lalenr saeT saQa‡ HeyeC ikna tar Ÿkaena tTY Ÿn†| ikǼ
ŸsKankar lalenr iSxYedr saeT tƒar Bal pircy iCl| tƒaedr icÇ»a-Ÿctna
ribfak™rek ktFa VelaiRt keriCl tar DarNa pawya Zay ZKn itin
kalIemaHnek beln W

""tuim Ÿta ŸdeKC iSla†dHet laln SaH Pikerr iSxYgeNr

siHt GÆFar pr GÆFa Vmar ikrœp Vlap jmt| tara grIb|
Ÿpaxak-pir¬Cd na†| ŸdKel ŸbaJbar ˆpay na† tara kt mH‡|
ikǼ kt gBIr ibxy kt sHjBaeb tara blet part|''

…idek iSla†deHr baˆl hakipyn ggn Hrkra klkataet …ktara

baijey ribfak™rek Ÿgey ìineyiCeln W
 "ŸkaTay pab taer
Vmar menr manux ŸZ Ÿr|
Haraey Ÿs† manuex tar ˆeÀeS
ŸdS-ibedeS ŸbRa† Guer|'

…† gaenr suer mu© Hey ribfak™r ŸleKn tƒar ibKYat gan Za ba„laedeSr
jatIy s„gIetr màZada pay W "Vmar Ÿsanar ba„la, Vim Ÿtamay Bal bais'|

ggn Hrkra, ka–al HirnaT, Ÿgaƒsa† Ÿgapal, sàbeQpI ŸbañmI w laln

iSxYedr keË ribfak™r baˆl gan ˆpeBag Za tƒar maeJ …k "baˆl
ribfak™r'-…r AnuBb Vnt| itin inej† ŸsFa ÷Ikar kern tƒar ˆi¹¡et -
"baˆelr sur w baNI Ÿkaena …k smey Vmar menr meDY sHj Hey imeS
ŸgeC|' bó¼badI baˆl te¹Ôr Anuraeg† itin sur imileyeCn W

"Vmar pãaeNr manux VeC pãaeN

Vim ta† ŸHir tay skl Kaen|'
ATba,
"Vmar iHyar maeJ luikey iCel
ŸdKet Vim pa†in
baiHr paen ŸcaK ŸmeliC
Hœdy paen ca†in|'
ik„ba,
"Vmar Ÿdasr ŸZ jn wega taer Ÿk jaen
…ktara tar Ÿdy ik saRa Vmar gaen Ÿk jaen|'

"pºpuF' kaebYr p‚dS kibtaet ribfak™r baˆl icÇ»a-Daraek icºaiyt

kereCn …Baeb W

"wra AÇ»Yj, wra mǽbiàjt

Ÿdbaleyr miÆdrÃaer
pUjabYbsayI wedr Ÿfikey raeK|
wra Ÿdbtaek Kuƒej ŸbRay tƒar Vpn óùaen
skl ŸbRar ba†er
sHj Bi¹¡r Velaek,
nQº Kict VkaeS,
puîp Kict bnóùlIet,
Ÿdasr jnar imln ibreHr
gHn Ÿbdnay|'
…mn ik baˆelr miHmainÓt jIbn-dàSen …kakar HeyiCeln wedr s„eg W

"kib Vim wedr del-

Vim bãatY, Vim mǽHIn,
Ÿdbtar bÆdISalay
Vmar onebdY ŸpOƒCl na|'

baˆelr Dàmacar-ibbiàjt jIbn dàSen Ÿdalaiyt Hey ribfak™r pãTaisÁ DàmIy

Vcaerr AÇ»WsarSUnYta suýpñ bY¹¡ kereCn W

""Vmar Dàm kI, ta ŸZ Vjw Vim sÚpUàN w suýpñ ker

jain, …mn kTa blet pairen - AnuSasenr Vkaer Ÿkan
pƒuiTet ŸlKa Dàm Ÿs Ÿta Dàm ny|''

"pºpuF' kaebYr itin iciºt kereCn tƒar jIbenr ŸSx ˆpliØ| itin
jIbenr iHesb Ÿmlaet bseln …Baeb W

"…mn ker idn Ÿgl;

Vj Vpn men Baib,
Ÿk Vmar Ÿdbta
kar keriC pUja|
ìeniC Zƒar nam mueK mueK,
peRiC Zƒar kTa nana Baxay nana Saeó½,
kæpna keriC taƒek† buiJ main|
itin† Vmar brNIy pãmaN krb bel
pUjar pãyas keriC inrÇ»r|
Vj ŸdeKiC pãmaN Hy in Vmar jIben|
Ÿknna Vim bãatY, Vim mǽHIn|'

AnYidek kib njr›elr ˆpr Ÿta iCl baˆelr Vera gBIr pãBab| itin taƒr
÷BabisÁ ibeÅaHI suer inejek …kjn baˆl iHeseb† pircy ideln W

"Vim Ba† KYapa baˆl

Vmar Ÿdˆl Vmar …† Vpn ŸdH|'

njr›l taƒr "samYbadI' kibtaet baˆelr bó¼badI ŸdHt¹Ô w manbtabadI

jygan† DÕint kereCn W

"Ÿtamaet reyeC skl iktab skl kaelr ¯an,

skl Saó½ Kƒuej paeb sKa Kuel ŸdK inj pãaN|
 Ÿtamaet reyeC skl Dàm, skl Zugabtar,
Ÿtamar Hœdy ibSÿ-Ÿdˆl skelr Ÿdbtar,
Ÿkn Kuƒej ŸPr Ÿdbta-fak™r puƒiT-k«ael?
HaiseCn itin Amât-iHyar inBât AÇ»rael Î
bÉ™ bilin J™F,
…† Kaen …es luFa†ya peR skl rajmuk™F|
…† Hœdy Ÿs† nIlacl, kaSI, mTura bâÆdabn,
buÁgya …, Ÿjr›jaelm …, midna, kaba-Bbn
msijd …†, miÆdr …†, igàja …† Hœdy
…†Kaen bes musa †sa Ÿpl setYr pircy|
..............................imTYa ìinin Ba†
…† Hœdeyr Ÿcey bR Ÿkaena miÆdr kaba na†|'
ATba,
"gaiH saemYr ganÎ
manuexr Ÿcey bR ikCu na†
neH ikCu mHIyan|'

kib njr›l DàmSaeó½r Abdan manbsmaej Ÿkblmaº manuex manuex GâNa, da˜a
Vr ŸBdaebd - …sb Abelakn ker bYaTatur wibeÅaHI Hey ˆef ŸmaLa-
pueraiHtedr Hat ŸTek skl DàmgãÇùek iCiney inet beleCn| ìDu ta† ny,
Šsb DàmgãÇù inCk manuexr† sâñ bel ŸgeCn AblIlay W

"manuexer GâNa kir

w kara ŸkaraN, Ÿbd, ba†ebl cuiÜeC mir mir,
w muK H†et Ÿktab gãÇù naw Ÿjar ker ŸkeR
ZaHara Vinl gãÇù-Ÿktab Ÿs† manuexer Ÿmer
pUijeC gãÇù Be¨r dl! mUàKra sb ŸSaena
manux …eneC gãÇù - gãÇù Venin
manux Ÿkaena|'

kib njr›l manb smaej Deàmr AiBSap ba DàmIy Anacar-inpIRnek AtYÇ»

tIQþ-dâiñ idey Abelakn kereCn Za taƒek gBIrBaer màmaHt ker| ta†
itin VepaxHIn ŸQaeB crm ibeÅaHI Hey ˆefeCn Dàm ba sâiñkàtar ibr›eÁ|
itin "ibeÅaHI' kibtay inejek (manuxek) sãñar ˆper óùan idey jÔalamyI
Baxay ibDatar VrSek kaƒipey ideyeCn …Baeb W

"BUelak duYelak Ÿgalk ŸBidya

ŸKadar Vsn VrS ŸCidya,
ˆifyaiC icr-ib÷y Vim ibSÿ-ibDaºIr!'
ATba,
"Vim Ÿbdu†n, Vim Ÿciªgs,
Vim Vpnaer CaRa kir na kaHaer k™iànS|'
ATba,
Vim r›ex ˆif' Zeb CuiF mHakaS Caipya,
Bey sÐ nrk Haibya ŸdajK ineB ineB Zay kaƒipya!'

kib njr›l taƒr "Dumektu' kibtay Ÿta VLa-Bgban-‰Sÿrek Vera ŸbSI

naó»anabud ker ŸCeReCn W

"kal-baiGnI ŸZmn Dirya iSkar

tKin r¹¡ ŸSaex na Ÿr tar,
dâiñ-sImay taHaer ˆgãc¨ sueK
pu¬C sapiF' ŸKla ker, Vr iSkar mer Ÿs Duƒek|
Ÿtmin kirya Bgbaen Vim
dâiñ-sImay raiK idbaZamI
iGirya iGirya ŸKiletiC ŸKla, Hais' ipcaeSr Hais
…† AigÈ-baiGnI Vim Ÿs sàbnaSI|'
ik„ba,
Vr saep-ŸGra AsHay iSì sm
ibData Ÿtaedr kaƒipeC, r›Å GUiàNr maeJ mm!
Vijw bYiTt sâiñr buek Bgban kaeƒp ºaes,
sãñar Ÿcey sâiñ paeC ba bR Hey taer gãaes!

njr›l Ÿta sãñaek sbl pdaGaet w bjämuiòet Qt-ibQt, cUàN-ibcuàN kret

ik„ba V§en puiRey CarKar kret Ÿkaena idDaebaD kern in| ŸZmn itin
"ibeÅaHI' kibtay beln W

Vim ibeÅaHI Bâ§, Bgban-buek …ƒek id† pd-icH¡!

Vim sãña-sUdn, ŸSak-tap-Hana ŸKyalI ibiDr bQ kirb iBÊ!

Ÿtmin "Dumektu' kibtay beln W

Š "bamn ibiD' Ÿs Vmaer Diret baiReyiCl Ÿr Hat

mm AigÈ-daHen jÔel pueR ta† fuƒeFa Ÿs jgÊaT!
Vim jain jain Š sãñar Paƒik, sâiñr Š caturI,
ta† ibiD w inyem laiT Ÿmer fuik ibDatar buek HatuiR|
ba,
bl ik? bl ik? ŸPr bl Ba† Vim Sytan-imta!
ŸHa ŸHa Bgbaen Vim ŸpaRab bilya jÔaileyiC buek icta!
ATba,
Bgban? Ÿs Ÿta Haetr iSkar - mueK ŸPna ˆef mer!
Bey kaƒipeC kKn piR igya tar VHt buekr 'per|

r›Å kib njr›l DàmSaeó½ biàNt sãñaek …tFa† inCk buJet ŸperiCeln ŸZ
Ÿkaraen biàNt jaHaÊaemr pãc¨ Saió»ekw itin AblIlay AgãaHY kereCn
tar ibeÅaHI kibtay W

Vim iCÊmó»a c¨I, Vim rNda sàbÕnaSI,

Vim jaHaÊaemr V§en bisya Hais pueîpr Hais!

mu¹¡buiÁ càcay Vrj VlI matubbr

ba˜ar Ÿlaksmaej mu¹¡buiÁr càcar jget …k sinò saDk Vrj VlI
matubÕr| gãamY pFBuim ŸTek ˆef Vsa Vrj VlIek Aenk s„gãam ker,
cra†-ˆ‡ra† par Hey pãitòa laB kret HeyeC| teb tƒar s„gãaemr rIit-
pÁitet s„eZajn GeFeC …k AnYtr obiSeñr| Vrj VlI matubÕrekw
QmtaDredr DàmibDaenr iberaiDta kret HeyeC beF, ikǼ ŸlakDeàmr
pãb¹¡aedr mt Dàm idey Dàmek gaeyl krar pÁit itin gãHN kernin| Deàmr
Vwtay ŸTek Dàm idey† Deàmr ibeSx ibeSx ibSÿas w ibDanek pãitHt krar
suibDa ŸZmn VeC, Ÿtmin tar sImabÁtaw Aenk| ibeSx ker bàtman
ib¯aenr Zueg Ÿs† sImabÁta Kub† pãkF Hey ˆefeC; Vbar ib¯an† Ÿs†
sImabÁtaek kaiFey ˆfar jenY …k Daral Aó½ iHeseb bYbHœt Het paer|
Zug-sectn Vrj VlI matubÕr …-sb ibxey sectn Hey ib¯anek†
Haityar iHeseb bYbHar kereCn DàmDÕjIedr ibr›eÁ s„gãaem| itin taƒr
mu¹¡buiÁ càcar Ÿctna-pÁitek iciºt kereCn …Baeb W

""jget …mn Aenk ibxy VeC, ŸZ sb ibxey dàSn, ib¯an w

Dàm …k wkTa bel na| Vbar Dàmjgetw mtaEnekYr AÇ» na†|
ŸZKaen …k† kael du†iF mt stY H†et paer na, ŸsKaen
StaiDk Deàm pãcilt StaiDk mt stY H†eb ikBaeb? Zid bla
Hy ŸZ, stY H†eb …kiF; tKn pãSÈ H†eb ŸkaniF …b„ Ÿkn?
AàTa‡ stYta ibcaerr mapkaif (criterion of truth) ik? stYta
ibcaerr ˆpay (Test of truth) ik …b„ setYr rœp (Nature of
truth) ik?''

itin setYr sÉan ba ¯ancàcar ŸQeº Dàmek ib¯an-dàSnsH AnYanY paiàTÓb

ibxeyr rIit-pÁitek itin Vlada ker ŸPeln AtYÇ» sHj Baxay W
 ""ib¯an pãtYQ w Anumaenr ˆpr pãitiòt| ta† Ÿkan Ÿb¯aink
te¹Ô Vmaedr seÆdH na†| ib¯an ZaHa bel, taHa Vmra
Ak™i¥t ice¹ ibSÿas kir| ikǼ AiDka„S Dàm w Deàmr AiDka„S
tTY AÉibSÿaesr ˆpr pãitiòt|''

…b„

""÷Babt manux stYek† kamna ker, imTYaek ny| ta†

VbHmankal ŸTek† "setYr sÉan' kirya ViseteC| dàSn,
ib¯an, Buegal, †itHas, giNt pãBâit ¯ananuSIlenr ibiBÊ
ibBag sàbda† cay imTYaek pirHar kiret| ta† daàSink ba
ob¯aink, Ÿkan ŠitHaisk ba onyaiyk s¯aen taƒHaedr gãeÇù
imTYar siÊebS kern na| ibeSxt taƒHara taƒHaedr gãeÇùr
BUimkay …mn pãit¯aw kern na ŸZ, taƒHaedr gãeÇùr ŸkaTaw
BulÙaiǽ na†; ATba Taikelw taƒHara s„eSaDn kirebn na|
pQaÇ»er Zid kaƒHaera Bulº›it pãmaiNt Hy, teb itin taHa
Aßambden ÷Ikar kern ..................... …k Zuegr ob¯aink
stY Verk Zueg imTYa pãmaiNt H†ya Zay …b„ ZKn† ˆHa
pãmaiNt Hy, tKn† ob¯aink smaj ˆHaek jIàNbeó½r nYay
pirtYag kern w pãmaiNt nUtn stYek sader gãHN kern|
Dàm jget ikǼ Šrœp pirliQt Hy na| ŸtOirt, jbÕur, †i²l,
ŸkarVn, Ÿbd-puraN, Ÿjnd-VeBó»a †tYaid .....................
pãetYkiF gãÇù† bilya Taek ŸZ, …† gãÇù† stY| ŸZ bileb ŸZ
imTYa - Ÿs inej imTYabadI, AibSÿasI, papI AàTa‡ narkI|
..................AiDka„S DàmgãÇù† gãÇùkaribHIn AàTa‡ ŠSÿirk ba
AepOr›exy, sutra„ ˆHa s„eSaDn kirebn Ÿk?''

Vrj VlIr …† ibeSåxenr iBi¹et ÷tWýPšàt† men Ÿbej ˆef -

Ÿkaparinkas, bã›ena w gYaililw-r ŸZ crm saHs, tYag-ititQa w
VtMHuitr ibinmey ba†ebelr "pâiTbI- ŸkiÆÅk' ŸsOrjg‡ t¹Ô Bul pãmaiNt
Hl, Ÿs† º›iFpUàN w imeTY t¹ÔiF ba†ebelr patay …Kena inàle°r mt Ÿpet
Taek w BibxYet Takeb| jIbn clay ib¯aenr pãit Anurag w
pãeyajnIytaek Vrj VlI bY¹¡ kereCn …Baeb W

""manuexr jatIy jIbenr ŸZOben ib„S Stekr … Zuegw ib¯anIra ZKn

pdaeàTr prmaNu ŸBeªg tar AÇ»iàniHt Si¹¡ek kaej lagae¬Cn,
mHakaeS paiR ide¬Cn …b„ pãó¼it ine¬Cn gãH ŸTek gãHaÇ»er Zabar jnY,
tKena tp÷Ira gebxna calae¬Cn "maàg idey bdbayu Ÿbr›el taet
Bgbaenr VraDna cel ik-na' - …† jatIy bYapar iney|''
bÁmul DàmibSÿaesr iBi¹ ŸZ intaÇ»† ibcar-ibebcnaHIn, AÉ w nRbeR ta
itin AblIlay bel Ÿgeln W

""†„rajIet …kiF kTa VeC ŸZ, ¯an† punY (Knowledge is

virtue)| ikǼ ŸZ ibxey Ÿkan ¯an jinMl na, Ÿs ibxey punY
ŸkaTay? Ÿkan ibxy na ŸdiKyaw ibSÿas kra Zay|
ikǼ …ekbaer† na buiJya ibSÿas ker ikBaeb? Zajk ZKn
dâ•ke¥ ŸGaxna kern ŸZ, na ŸdiKya, …mnik na buiJya† Š skl
ibSÿas kiret H†eb, tKn manuexr ibSÿas na jinMelw paepr
Bey ATba jatIyta rQar jenY mueK bla Hy, "V¬Ca'|
bàtmankaelr AiDka„S Ÿlaekr† Deàm ibSÿas …† jatIy|''

Vrj VlI matubÕr baˆl-njr›elr mt† DàmSaó½smUHek manuexr maeJ GâNa-

ibeÃx sâiñr VDar VKYaiyt ker manbtabad w saemYr ÷pÈek† DarN
kereCn W

""bàtman Zueg pâiTbIr pãay skl Dàm† Vió»k|

ibeSxt …ekSÿrbadI| iHÆduDàmw mUlt …ekSÿrbadI| taHa† Zid,
AàTa‡ jgetr skl Ÿlak† Zid …ekSÿrbadI Hy, teb taHaedr
maeJ "ÙatâBab' Taka ˆict| ikǼ VeC ik? VeC Zt iH„sa, GâNa,
klH w ibeÃx| sÚpãdayibeSex Bu¹¡ Taikya manux manuxek …t
AiDk GâNa ker ŸZ, tÅœp Ÿkan "†tr pãaNIw' ker na| iHÆduedr
inkF Ÿgamy (Ÿgabr) pibº, ATc AiHÆdu maeº† Apibº|
pQaÇ»er muslmaenr kaeC kbuterr ibòaw pak, ATc
Amuslman manUx maeº† napak| puker sap, bYa– mirya picelw
ˆHar jl nñ Hy na, ikǼ ibDàmI manuex CUƒ†elw ˆHa Apibº Hy|
ŸkH ŸkH …mn kTaw beln ŸZ, AmuslmanI pàb ˆpleQ kla,
kcu, paƒfa †tYaid ibiº¡ kraw mHapap| …mnik muslmaenr
Ÿdakan Taiket Ÿkan ikCu º¡y kraw pap| …† ik manuexr Dàm?
na Deàmr naem saÚpãdaiykta?
manbtar mapkaifet manux …ek AenYr Ba†, Balbasar paº,
dya-mayar ŸZagY, suK-duWeKr BagI| …k kTay …kaÇ»† Vpn|
ikǼ Deàm bana†l pr|''

ba„lar ŠitŸHYr mu¹¡buiÁ càcar ˆ¹raiDkar bHn

Vj ŸTek pãay …k Hajar bCr Veg ba„la Baxa'r tTa "ba„galI jaitr
ˆxalegÈ'† srHpad pãmuK ŸdaHaekax w càZapd rciytagN t‡kalIn Zui¹¡HIn,
ÙaÇ», obxmY-sâiñkarI w inpIRNmUlk bãamnY DàmSaeó½r ibr›eÁ smalcnay ŸZ
mu¹¡buiÁ w pã¯ar pircy ideyeCn ŸsFa mUlt Vid-BartIy caàbak w prbiàt
buÁIy bó¼badI w Zui¹¡badI icÇ»aectnar† pãitPln| bó¼badI w Zui¹¡tàkbadI
mu¹¡buiÁ càcar …† pãacIn Ÿsãat-pãbaHiF ba„lar Ÿlak- smaejr icÇ»aSIl
ŸlaknaykgN Zueg Zueg siº¡y w clman ŸreK ŸgeCn …b„ Ÿs† saeT ŸsFaek
º¡mS smâÁ kereCn| ŸlakDeàmr ibbàtenr …† gitSIl Daray ŸgOtm bueÁr
"buÁ mtbad'-…r …k gBIr pãBab pirliQt Hy| bó¼badI "buÁ
mtbad' …kidek ZKn º¡em† Bab ÕadI Saó½Iy Deàmr rœp pirgãH kret Taek,
AnYidek Ÿlaksmaejr pãgitSIl w ibbàtnbadI Ÿlaekra Ÿs-mtbadek
stt pirbàtn, pirbàDn w smâÁ kreN bãtI HeyeC, Zar Pl÷rœp º¡manÓuey
sâñ HeyeC bjäZan, sHjZan, kalcº¡Zan, naT pÇùa †tYaid| ibbiàtt
buÁmtbaedr pãBabSalI DaraiF Hl "ŸlOikk ŸbOÁ sHijya' Za º¡manÓey "obx—b
sHijya' Hey "baˆl pÇùa'y rœp Ÿny| baˆl pÇùa w tar "iSeramiN' laln
SaeHr rcnablI Ÿta ba„lar ŠiteHY k™s„ôara¬CÊ, obxmY-sâiñkarI w
iBi¹HIn samaijk rIitnIit w DàmIy Vcaerr smaelacnay mu¹¡buiÁ w
Zui¹¡bad càcar …k AnnY VDar| ba„lar maiFet pãc¨ manbtabadI, samYbadI
w pã¯aSIl icÇ»enr …k VepaxHIn mHanayk iCeln laln SaH| ikǼ Dàmacar
smaelacnamUlk †Hjagitk baˆl dàSenr (tTa lalenr rcnay) ˆpr
mDYZuegr manbtabadI BabsaDk kbIr, nank, dadU pãmueKr icÇ»a-Ÿctnar
pãBab pirliQt Hy| laln AepQa pãay ŸpOen carSt bCr Veg
jnMgãHNkarI BabsaDk kbIerr (1398-1518) icÇ»a-Ÿctna sÚpeàk laln
pirict iCeln| lalenr du'…kiF gaenw kbIerr pãs„g ˆeLK kra HeyeC|
ŸZmn, laln ŸgeyeCn W

B¹¡ kbIr Ÿjet Ÿjala

Ÿpãm Bi¹¡et maetayala|

lalenr "sb Ÿlaek ky laln ik nam s„saer' gaenr meDY kbIerr …kiF
"bIjk'-…r srasir sadâSY lQY kra Zay| kbIr ileKeCn W

Zid suÊt† ‰Sÿerr AiBepãt Hy

teb Š Abóùaet† Ÿtamar jnM Hl na Ÿkn?
Zid suÊt (K‡na) idel muslman Hwya Zay,
narIr teb ik ibDan Heb?
........................................................

glay opet idey bamun Hel,

Ÿtamaedr ó½Ira teb ik preb?
 weH pi¨t! SUÅ Ÿtamar AÊ CUƒel
Ÿkmn ker Kaw tuim
iHÆdu ba Ÿtamra ŸkaTa ŸTek …el?

[Linda Hess Anuidt 'The Bijak of Kabir' ŸTek SãI sn‡k™mar imº kàtâk
Baxaǻirt]

kbIerr …† icÇ»asUr† laln SaH tuel DereCn taƒr gaenW

Zid CuÊt idel Hy muslman

narI Ÿlaekr ik Hy ibDan
bamn icin opta pãmaN
bamnI icin ikes Ÿr^

Ÿkˆ mala Ÿkˆ tsbI glay

ta†et ik jat iBÊ blay
Zawya ik„ba Vsar Ÿblay
jaetr icH¡ ry kar Ÿr^

kbIr ŸZ mUlt baˆl pÇùar …kjn "pãBabSalI pUàbsUrI' iCeln, tar Vera
pãmaN imel taƒr baˆelr nYay ˆpliØet - Dàm baiHer ny, Dàm iBter| ta†
taƒr pramàS W

""baiHer Zaw ŸkaTay? ŸdH miÆder Ÿtamar

Vpn Ger† cilyaeC Aprœp lIla
ŸdiKya DnY Hw|''
ATba,
""÷amI Ÿtamar meDY, ÷amI Vmar meDY,
ŸZmn pãaN skl bIejr meDY| wer Ÿsbk,
men men gàb kirs na, Vpnar meDY taHaek
AenÓxN kirya ŸdK|''

kbIerr …† DYan-DarNar pãitDÕin† DÕint HeyeC baˆl lalenr gaen W

Vid mqa …† manbedH, ŸdeK naer mn-ŸBey|

ŸdS-ŸdSaÇ»r ŸdOƒeR Ÿkn mrC Ÿr HaƒPaey^
ATba,
manux Bjel manux Hib|
manux CaRel QYapaer tu† mUl Haraib^
jat-Deàmr ibeBdibHIn baˆelr mt kbIrw jat-patek pãtYaKYan ker
ileKeCn W

iHÆdu mer ram ram ker|

muslman mer ŸKada ŸKada ker
kbIr bleCn …† sb ŸBdbuiÁr meDY
ŸZ na pRl Ÿs† baƒcl|

kbIerr …† Ÿctnaek† laln SaH Vera ibQ™Ø Baxay pãitDÕint

kereCn …Baeb W

laln bel Haet Ÿpel

jat ŸpaRatam V§n idey

…† Ÿctna† laln smkalIn baˆl gIitkar pa²uSaH (1851-1914) tar

gaenw ˆ¬carN kern …BaebW

jaetr bRa† ik
†Hkal prkael jaet ik ker Î
Vmar mn bel AigÈ ŸjÔel id
jaetr muiK^

…Fa ýpñ pirliQt Hy ŸZ, ba„lar ŠitHY-Ba¨aer mu¹¡buiÁ càcar …k

AtulnIy VDar baˆl pÇùa mUlt pUàbsUrI BabsaDk kbIr w AnYanY
Ÿlaknaykedr icÇ»a-Ÿctnar† pãitDÕin| AbSY† baˆl icÇ»aibdgN Ÿs-
icÇ»aDaraek bYapk smâÁ kereC| Vr baˆl icÇ»aDara Ãara† Vbar pãBaibt
HeyiCeln kib njr›l w ribfak™r| njr›l-rbIÆÅnaT Zidw bó¼badI w
manbtabadI baˆlIy mu¹¡buiÁ càcar git-pãbaHek pãBut smâÁ kereCn, teb
taƒedr rcnablI Vr baˆl rcnablIet …k suýpñ paàTkY lQY kra Zay|
njr›l- ribfak™err rcnasmueH reyeC …k suýpñ VtM-ibteàkr Cap, AàTa‡
taƒedr rcnay †Hjagitk bó¼bad, manbtabad †tYaid ŸZmn Al«ât w
miHmanÓit HeyeC, Ÿtmin Babbad w Saó½Dàmbadw ibeSx Abóùan dKl kereC|
ibSÿkib ribfak™r ŸZ "gIta²lI' rcna ker Ÿnaebl purôar w ibSÿkib ŸKtaeb
BUixt Hn,Ÿs-gIta²lIet Ÿta …k AdâSY mHaSi¹¡ AbaD ibrajman|
AnYidek, r›Åkib njr›l taƒr "ibeÅaHI', "Dumektu' †tYaid kibtay
†Hjagitk bó¼baedr …k AdmY ibepåabI Ÿsnanayk iHeseb VibàBUt
HeyeCn …b„ AnYº samYbadI manbtabaedr jygaen muKr HeyeCn; Ÿtmin
"kamal paSa', "Venayar', "ŸkarbanI' †tYaid kibta rcnar maDYem inejek
manuex manuex ibeBd sâiñkarI w saÚpãdaiyk †slam Deàmr …k VdàS pUjarI
baineyeCn| ATc baˆl ŸlaknaykgN Vga-ŸgaRa ŸTek ŸgeCn ibìÁ
†Hjagitk …b„ samY w manbtabadI| saÚpãdaiyk w obxmYmUlk Dàmacaerr
saeT Ÿkaena Vepax Ÿn† taƒedr, Ÿn† Ÿkaena ibtàk taƒedr kTay w kaej,
rcnay w gaen|

ba„galI Ÿlaksmaejr mu¹¡buiÁ càcar Vr …k mHasaDk "Vrj VlI

matubÕr'ek bla Zay laln SaH w baˆl te¹Ôr …k ZTaàT AnugamI| njr›l w
ribfak™r smkalIn Vrj VlI (1900-1885) iCeln bó¼bad, samY w
manbtabaedr …k …kinò w inàBIk osink - ifk baˆl pÇùar Anukren| Vr
bla ŸZet paer, Ÿlaksmaejr …† manuxiF ba„lar mu¹¡buiÁcàcar baˆlIy
ŠitHYek sàbpãTm VDuink ib¯an Ÿctnar ˆpadan idey smâÁ ker
tueleCn| …igey clar jnY ŠiteHYr S¹¡BUimet jngNek daƒRaet† Hy;
ikǼ Ÿkblmaº ŠiteHYr AnusreN mui¹¡ Ÿn†; br‚ ŠiteHYr nbayn, pUnàgfn
w sÚpãsareNr mDY idey† GeF smaj-pãgit| Ÿs† pãgitr meǽ inej ˆÃuÁ
Hey† SaÇ» Taekn in, AnYekw ˆÃuÁ ker tulet smuH pãecña kereCn
mu¹¡buiÁr …kinò saDk Vrj VlI matubÕr| pãitkšl Si¹¡r s„eg s„gãaem
sara jIbn itin Qt-ibQt HeyeCn, inàZaitt HeyeCn ikǼ …k muHUeàtr
jenYw ib¯anectnaek pirtYag kern in|

ib¯anmnôta VDuinkta w Agãgitr Dark w cailkaSi¹¡ Helw bàtman

nagirk mDYib¹ smaejr VDuink iSQapãaÐ Aenk mu¹¡buiÁcàcakarIr se˜
Vrj VlI matubÕerr paàTkYiF suýpñ| gãamIn ŸmHnit manux Vrj VlIr
mu¹¡buiÁcàca nagirk mDYib¹edr mt manisk bYyam maº iCl na| buiÁiblaesr
VtM-sǼiñet mgÈ Hey Takar manisktaek kKena itin pãSãy Ÿdn in|
samaijk daiytÔebaD† tƒaek mu¹¡buiÁ càcay pãbâ¹ kereC| ŸmHnetr sUeº
ŸlaksaDareNr saeT …kaÇ» pãtYQ w Ginò sÚpeàk sÚpiàkt iCeln bel†
Ÿlaksmaejr smsYa w s„keFr ÷rœp tƒar kaeC …ekbaer ýPiFk÷¬C
(Crystal-clear) Hey Dra peRiCl|

laln-njr›l-Vrj VlI pãmuK Ÿlaknaykedr mu¹¡buiÁcàcar ˆ¹raiDkar

bHenr pibº daiytÔ …es peReC Vmaedr clman pãjenMr kaeC| VDuna-
pãyat VHmd SrIP, ûmayun Vjad, pãbIr ŸGax pãmuK icÇ»aibd w ŸlKkgN
Ÿs† ˆ¹raiDkar bHn krar pãyas ker ŸgeCn ba Zae¬Cn| ikǼ AtYÇ» duWeKr
ibxy ŸZ, ZKn mu¹¡icÇ»acàcar ˆ¹raiDkar bHenr daiytÔ gãHenr pãeyajnIyta
sÜeÉ …† Velacna He¬C ifk tKn† Ÿs† ˆ¹raiDkaerr …kinò baHk
"ûmayun Vjad' pãitiº¡yaSIl DàmIy Gatkedr Haet maratMkBaeb jKm Hey
mâtuYr saeT pa²a lReC| Vjekr …† màmaiÇ»k GFna laln-njr›l-Vrj
VlIr suÆdr, samY w manbtay Brpur …k mu¹¡rajY gRar jIbn-pãyasek
bYiTt kret baDY| kaej†, Vmaedr pãjnMek dâ• menabl, inòa w tYag-
ittIQa iney …igey Vset Heb Ÿs-ˆ¹raiDkar bHenr pãtYy iney|
ÎÎÎÎÎÎÎ-

Î Zitn srkar, mu¹¡buiÁcàca w ba–ailr ŸlOikk …itHY| Vrj VlI matubÕr

sMark b¹¡àta, 1407 (2000)|

Î miPjur rHmar r›nnu, Zui¹¡bad - ctnamui¹¡r lRa†| ba„laedS Zui¹¡badI

simit (2001)|

Î kajI njr›l †slam, AigÈbINa| mawla bãadaàs|

Î Vrj VlI matubÕr, Vrj VlI rcna smg-1| pafk smaebS, (2000)|

Î VHmd CPa, ba„galI muslmaenr mn|