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  • Bone Tumor Definition

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    Jinsen Paul Martin
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    Primary bone tumors are rare growths that can be benign or malignant. Secondary bone tumors, which originate elsewhere and spread to bone, are more common in the elderly. Patients often experience dull, achy pain in the tumor area, especially at night. Diagnosis involves x-rays, CT, MRI, bone scans, and PET scans. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant; malignant tumors may be treated with surgery such as limb salvage or amputation, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. The prognosis depends on the tumor type, location, size, and whether it has spread.

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    Primary bone tumors are rare growths that can be benign or malignant. Secondary bone tumors, which originate elsewhere and spread to bone, are more common in the elderly. Patients often experience dull, achy pain in the tumor area, especially at night. Diagnosis involves x-rays, CT, MRI, bone scans, and PET scans. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant; malignant tumors may be treated with surgery such as limb salvage or amputation, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. The prognosis depends on the tumor type, location, size, and whether it has spread.

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    9 views2 pages

    Bone Tumor Definition

    Uploaded by

    Jinsen Paul Martin
    Primary bone tumors are rare growths that can be benign or malignant. Secondary bone tumors, which originate elsewhere and spread to bone, are more common in the elderly. Patients often experience dull, achy pain in the tumor area, especially at night. Diagnosis involves x-rays, CT, MRI, bone scans, and PET scans. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is benign or malignant; malignant tumors may be treated with surgery such as limb salvage or amputation, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. The prognosis depends on the tumor type, location, size, and whether it has spread.

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    of 2

    Bone tumor • Primary malignant bone tumors are

    rare.
    Definition:
    • Secondary tumors are more common,
    • is a neoplastic growth of tissue in bone.
    especially in the elderly
    Abnormal growths found in the bone
    can be either benign (noncancerous) Symptoms:
    or malignant (cancerous)
    • Most patients with a bone tumor will
    • It may weaken the bone, causing it to experience pain in the area of the
    break (fracture) tumor. The pain is generally described
    as dull and achy. The pain often
    A bone lytic lesion -is an area where part of a
    awakens the patient at night.
    bone appears to have been dissolved or "eaten
    away". • Although tumors are not caused by
    trauma, occasionally injury can cause a
    Bone tumors may be classified as:
    tumor to start hurting. Injury can cause
    • primary tumors- which originate in a bone that is already weakened by a
    bone or from bone-derived cells and tumor to break
    tissues.
    • Occasionally, benign tumors may be
    • secondary tumors -which originate in discovered incidentally when X-rays are
    other sites and spread to the skeleton taken for other reasons, such as a
    sprained ankle or rotator cuff problem.
    Etiology:
    Diagnosis:
    • Genetics defects passed down through
    families • X-rays

    • Radiation • Computed tomography (CT) scans

    • Injury • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)


    scans
    Epidemiology:
    • Radionuclide bone scans
    • In adults, over 40% of primary bone
    cancers are chondrosarcomas. This is • Positron emission tomography (PET or
    followed by osteosarcomas (28%), PET) scans
    chordomas (10%), Ewing tumors (8%),
    Prognosis:
    and malignant fibrous
    histiocytoma/fibrosarcomas (4%). The • The outlook depends on the type of
    remainder of cases are several rare tumor. The outcome is expected to be
    types of bone cancers. good for people with noncancerous
    (benign) tumors, although some types
    • In children and teenagers (those
    of benign tumors may eventually
    younger than 20
    become cancerous (malignant). With
    years), osteosarcoma (56%) and Ewing
    malignant bone tumors that have not
    tumors(34%) are much more common
    spread, most patients achieve a cure,
    than chondrosarcoma (6%).
    but the cure rate depends on the type
    of cancer, location, size, and other tissue around it. The excised bone is
    factors. replaced with a metallic implant
    (prosthesis) or bone transplant.
    Complication:
    B. Amputation- removes all or part of an
    • Pain
    arm or leg when the tumor is large and/or
    • Reduced functions, depending on the nerves and blood vessels are involved.
    tumor

    • Side effects of chemotherapy

    • Spread of the cancer to other nearby


    tissues (metastasis)

    Treatment:

     Nonsurgical Treatment

     Benign Tumors- can be treated


    effectively with medication

     Malignant Tumors

    A. Radiation Therapy-uses high-dose x-rays


    to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.

    B. Systemic Treatment (Chemotherapy)-


    often used to kill tumor cells when they
    have spread into the blood stream but
    cannot yet be detected on tests and scans.
    Chemotherapy is generally used when
    cancerous tumors have a very high chance
    of spreading.

     Surgical Treatment:

     Benign Tumors

    • Sometimes the doctor may recommend


    removing the tumor (excision) or some
    other treatment techniques to reduce
    the risk of fracture and disability

     Malignant Tumors

    A. Limb Salvage Surgery-This surgery


    removes the cancerous section of bone but
    keeps nearby muscles, tendons, nerves, and
    blood vessels. If possible, the surgeon will
    take out the tumor and a margin of healthy

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