ABSTRACT

The common problem with electric motors is starting of the motor. Our project
aims to start a 3 phase induction motor with a soft or steady start. A 3 phase induction
motor requires a high power to start since it directly attends its full speed. This leads
to a high electrical mechanical jerking as well as generation of high electrical electric
stress on induction motor windings. This may result in induction motor failure due to
high stress/windings getting burnt/ override and other similar issues. The best way to
avoid this is to start the induction motor smoothly and slowly/steadily gain speed till
the motor reaches maximum speed.

The project provides a soft steady start to induction motor based on solid state
starters which provides low voltage start. This leads to a low voltage start and then
full voltage after gradual increases. In electrical motor world most commonly used
type of starters are direct online starter and star delta starters. In this project we are
going construct the both direct online starter and star delta starter.

The simplest form of motor starter for the induction motor is the Direct
OnLine starter. Direct online starter is a type of starter which provides supply to the
motor online without any delay. Direct online starter consists of over load relay, no
volt coil, contactors. Overload relay is used to limit inrush current, it is provided with
a limit switch which is used to set the limit current. No volts coil is used to make or
break the circuit with respect to the presence or absence of supply.

Most induction motors are started directly on line, but when very large motors
are started that way, they cause a disturbance of voltage on the supply lines due to
large starting current surges. The most efficient form of starting the high rating three
phase induction motor is star delta starter method. In starting motor gets 3 to 4 times
more current then its normal current. So we use star delta starter to limit the starting
current of the motor with the help of star circuit. When motor will run in the normal
position so the circuit of the motor will change to delta circuit with the manual
operation. So now motor will get rated current due to connected in delta. Now motor
will give more speed and torque.