CONTENTS

PAGE No.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CHAPTER ONE Contextualising the Problem

CHA.PTER TWO Urbanisation: problems ofTheory 37

CHAPTER THREE Malwa: Face of the Land 65

CHAPTER FOUR The Prehistory of Urbanisation in Malwa 89

CHAPTER FIVE The Beginning ofPolitical Society 125 A

CHAPTER SIX Through the Gateways of Sanchi 164

the Inscriptional Evidence

CHAPTER SEVEN Sanchi: the Visual Evidence 212 A

CHAPTER EIGHT Malwa: a View from Literature 253

TOWARDS A CONCLUSION 292.

APPENDIX 1 List of Archaeological Sites Discovered in Malwa 299

APPENDIX2 Inscriptions from Sanchi Used by Us

APPENDIX 3 Maps

WORKS CITED I-XIX