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Materi Subjunctive (Diego Pradipta)
Materi Subjunctive (Diego Pradipta)
Materi Subjunctive (Diego Pradipta)
(Kalimat Pengandaian)
Subjunctive merupakan bentuk kata kerja atau sekelompok kata kerja yang
menunjukkan sebuah tindakan atau pernyataan, yang mana tindakan dan
pernyataan itu tidak terjadi/menjadi kenyataan melainkan hanya sebuah
kemungkinan atau pandangan secara emosional berupa keraguan
(Doubt) dan harapan (Wish).
2.Imperative (Perintah)
3.Necessity (Keperluan/Kebutuhan)
4.Proposition (Usulan/Saran)
Contoh: We proposed that they reconsider the offer.
(Kami mengusulkan supaya dia dapat mempertimbangkan kembali
tawaran itu)
5.Supposition (Anggapan/Perkiraan)
dalam bentuk ini seseorang mengungkapkan sebuah possibility/
kemungkinan:
6.Wish (Harapan)
Would rather Subject (1) + would rather + Subject (2) + Verb 2 / were
As if/As Though
Digunakan untuk menyatakan sebuah keadaan yang tidak benar fakta atau
kenyataannya.
2. Yetta insisted that Gibran was = She knew that he really was
there. (observation; indicative)Yetta mendesak Gibran untuk hadir
pada waktu itu = dia tahu bahwa Dia (Gibran) benar-benar disana
waktu itu.
Soal No. 1
"Let's go swimming."
"I wish I _____ we have a test tomorrow and I still have to study.
A. am able
B. could be
C. could
D. will be able
E. be able to
Pembahasan : Pada soal diatas menunjukkan subjunctive menunjukkan
present atau future dengan pattern sebagai berikut:
Subject + wish .... + Subject + would / could
Sehingga jawaban yang benar adalah could
Jawaban : C
Soal No. 2
I wish ____ now at the party.
A. He is here
B. He will be here
C. He has been here
D. He were here
E. He be here
Pembahasan : Penggunaan penanda waktu "now" menunjukkan bahwa
subjunctive menunjukkan present tense, sehingga pattern yang digunakan
Subject + Wish .... + subject + past verb ....
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah He were here
Jawaban : D
Soal No. 3
I am sorry I don't know the answer, but I really wish I _____
A. know
B. knew
C. have known
D. will know
e. had known
Pembahasan : Fakta dari pernyataan di atas adalah "I am sorry I don't
know the answer". Jadi pengandaiannya menggunakan Present Tense
Subject + Wish .... + subject + past verb ....
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah knew
Jawaban : B
Soal No. 4
She went to the blackboard as if she knew how to solve the problem.
The underlined words means ____
A. She actually can't solve the problem
B. She ought to know how to solve the problem
C. She definitely knew hpw to solve the problem
D. She should know how to solve the problem
E. She suceeded how to solve the problem
Pembahasan: Clausa as if she know the problem menunjukkan bahwa
seolah olah dia mengetahui bagaimana menyelesaikan masalah tersebut.
Maka faktanya addalah she can't solve the problem.
Jawaban : A
Soal No. 5
"I am planning to go to a party tonight, but It's raining very hard now.
"I wish _____ raining now."
A. It stops
B. it has stopped
C. it will stop
D. it had stopped
e. it would stop
Pembahasan : Pada soal diatas menunjukkan subjunctive menunjukkan
present atau future dengan pattern sebagai berikut
Subject + wish .... + Subject + would / could
Maka jawaban yang benar adalah It would stop
Jawaban : E
1. I’m planning to go to a party tonight, but it’s raining very hard now. I wish
______.
A. it stops
B. it will stop
C. it would stop
D. it has stopped
Jawaban : C
Key word :now
Pembahasan : Karena harapannya diungkapkan untuk keterangan waktu
tonight (nanti malam) maka kalimat ini termasuk present subjunctive. Jadi
kata kerjanya adalah would.
2. Rust can deteriorate a steel pipe to such an extent that it will snap easily
_____ it were a twig.
A. if
B. unless
C. as though
D. although
Jawaban : C
Key word :will snap easily
Pembahasan : Klausa it were a twig menandakan kalimat ini adalah
kalimat conditional atau subjunctive karena hanya dalam bentuk-bentuk
inilah it dapat disandingkan dengan were. Dalam kalimat yang
dibandingkan adalah steel pipe (pipa baja), snap (patah), dan twig
(ranting). Jadi pilihan yang tepat untuk perbandingan ini adalah as though
(seolah-olah).
3. She went to the blackboard as if she knew how to solve the problem.
The underlined words mean ...
A. She actually can’t solve the problem
B. She ought to know how to solve the problem
C. she definitely knew how to solve the problem
D. She should know how to solve the problem
Jawaban : A
Key word :as if she knew how to solve the problem
Pembahasan : Pernyataan as if she knew berarti “seakan-akan ia tahu”.
Jadi ini menandakan orang tersebut sebenarnya tidak tahu cara
menyelesaikan soal tersebut.
4. I am sorry I cannot go to the airport to see your mother off. I wish I _____
to work overtime tonight.
A. wouldn’t have
B. haven’t had
C. don’t have
D. won’t have
Jawaban : A
Key word :tonight
Pembahasan : Pengharapan yang dinyatakan merupakan bentuk present
subjunctive sehingga menggunakan kata kerja would.
Jawaban : B
Key word :than
Pembahasan : Dalam preference kata than berpasangan dengan would
rather.
6. “Why don’t you ask your sister to come along with us to the movie?”
“I did, but she _____ stay at home.”
A. used to
B. could
C. might
D. would rather
Jawaban : D
Key word :ask your sister to come along; stay at home
Pembahasan : Percakapan di atas menunjukkan bahwa si saudara
perempuan lebih memilih stay at home daripada to come along to the
movie. Karena itu untuk menyatakan pilihan (preference) kata yang tepat
adalah would rather.
7. “Tita, are you going to see the dentist this afternoon?”
“I wish I didn’t have to.”
We may conclude that _____ to the dentist.
A. she doesn’t have to go
B. she needs to go
C. she is willing to go
D. she has gone
Jawaban : B
Key word :I wish I didn’t have to
Pembahasan : Klausa I wish I didn’t have to bermakna “Kuharap aku tidak
harus pergi”. Kalimat ini berimplikasi bahwa walaupun ia tidak ingin pergi,
ia diharuskan pergi (she needs to go).
8. “You didn’t like the horror film you saw yesterday, did you?”
“You’re right. I really wish____”
A. I did not see it
B. I would not see it
C. I had not seen it
D. I have not seen it
Jawaban : C
Key word :you saw yesterday
Pembahasan :Klausa you saw yesterday menunjukkan bahwa di sini kita
membutuhkan past subjunctive. Bentuk subjunctive ini membutuhkan kata
kerja dalam bentuk past perfect yaitu had not seen.
9. The past few years in the last decade the rate of crime has been high
due to the increase in the rate of unemployment. Today people wish the
local government _____ first priority to the solution of this problem.
A. gives
B. would give
C. had given
D. will give
Jawaban : B
Key word : Today
Pembahasan : Penggunaan kata today menunjukkan bahwa di sini kita
membutuhkan present subjunctive. Karena itu kata kerja yang dibutuhkan
adalah kata kerja bentuk kedua yaitu would.
10. My sister acted as if she were the actress.
This sentence means _________
A. She is an actress
B. She was an actress
C. She is not an actress
D. She was not an actress
Jawaban : C
Key word :as if she were the actress
Pembahasan : Klausa as if she were the actress bermakna “seakan-akan
ia adalah aktris”, padahal dalam kenyataannya bukan. Jadi sebenarnya ia
bukan seorang aktris.
11. The serval, a large African wild cat, hunts like a dog so like
other members of the cat family.
Jawaban : C
Key word : like a dog; other; cat family
Pembahasan : Pada kalimat kata benda serval disetarakan dengan dog
yang dibandingkan dengan cat. Jadi kalimat ini membandingkan dua hal
yang berbeda. Jadi perbandingan yang tepat adalah rather than, bukan so.
12. Suzy had better to change her study habits if she hopes to
be admitted to a good university.
Jawaban : B
Key word :had better
Pembahasan : Frasa had better diikuti oleh kata kerja dalam bentuk
pertama tanpa to. Jadi seharusnya berbunyi had better change.
Jawaban : C
Key word : because
Pembahasan : Kata because merupakan kata penghubung yang harus
diikuti anak kalimat. Jadi it sebagai subjek anak kalimat membutuhkan kata
kerja (looks), bukan which looks.
14. The gibbon ranges over than an area wider other apes do.
Jawaban : B
Key word : the gibbon; other apes
Pembahasan : Kalimat ini bermaksud membandingkan gibbon dengan
other apes dalam hal an area. Namun susunan frasa benda dalam
perbandingannya tidak tepat. Than an area wider seharusnya a wider area
than.
15. The woman in red asked me a lot of questions as if she was involved to
the problem we faced.
Jawaban : C
Key word :as if
Pembahasan : Penggunaan as if pada kalimat menunjukkan bahwa ini
adalah bentuk subjunctive. Karena fakta pada kalimat berbentuk lampau
(asked, faced), maka ini adalah bentuk past subjunctive. Jadi subjunctive-
nya harus dalam bentuk past perfect yaitu had been involved, bukan was
involved.