CHAPTER TWO

2-Material Balance:-

Introduction:

Material and energy balance is the most important term required in chemical
engineering fields because it is the base of chemical engineering calculations
(equipment design, controlling process, economic calculations and other process
calculation). Each of the chemical process equipment completes a physical or
chemical change or both of them on materials entering the process. Even though
all production units in factory apply the conservation laws of mass and energy.

The main objective of preliminary mass and energy balance is to collect physical
and thermodynamic data for feedstock and products and to make hand
calculation of plant mass and energy balance.

2-1 Material balance:

The conversation law of mass:

Material entering the boundary system = material out + accumulation +

consumption within the system – generation [3]

2-2 Assumptions:

1-Steady state operation.

2-No chemical reaction