Introduction to Javanese

and the Java Culture

Map of Indonesia

Flag

Coat of Arms (the Garuda)

1
Geography

Indonesia is situated in Southeast Asia, in the Malay Archipelago strategically located

between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, along major sea lanes. Indonesia is
made up of 18,108 islands, of which about 6,000 are inhabited. These islands are
scattered around the equator. The five main islands are Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan (the
Indonesian part of Borneo), New Guinea (shared with Papua New Guinea) and Sulawesi.
Indonesia borders Malaysia on the island of Borneo (Indonesian, Papua New Guinea on
the island of New Guinea and East Timor on the island of Timor. The capital, Jakarta, is
on Java and is the nation's largest city, followed by Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and
Semarang.

At 1,919,440 km² (741,050 mi²), Indonesia is the world's sixteenth-largest country in

terms of land area. Its population density is 134.39 people per square kilometer, which is
seventy ninth in the world.

Climate

Equatorial Indonesia has a tropical climate with two distinct monsoonal wet and dry
seasons. Average annual rainfall in the lowlands varies from 1,780 to 3,175 millimeters
(70 to 125 inches), and up to 6,100 millimeters (240 inches) in mountainous regions. The
mountainous west coast of Sumatra, Western Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua
receive the highest rainfall. Humidity is generally high, averaging about eighty percent.
Temperatures vary little over the year; the average daily temperature ranges from 21° to
33° Celsius (69° to 92° Fahrenheit).

The extreme variations in rainfall are linked with the monsoons. Generally speaking,
there is a dry season (June to September), influenced by the Australian continental air
masses, and a rainy season (December to March) that is the result of mainland Asia and
Pacific Ocean air masses.

Time

Located on the equator, the archipelago experiences relatively little change in the length
of daylight hours from one season to the next; the difference between the longest day and
the shortest day of the year is only forty-eight minutes. The archipelago stretches across
three time zones: Western Indonesian Time (seven hours in advance of Greenwich Mean
Time or GMT and this includes Sumatra, Java, and eastern Kalimantan); Central
Indonesian Time (eight hours head of GMT and includes western Kalimantan, Nusa
Tenggara, and Sulawesi); and Eastern Indonesian Time (nine hours ahead of GMT and
includes the Malukus and Irian Jaya). The boundary between the western and central time
zones (established in 1988) is a line running north between Java and Bali through the
center of Kalimantan. The border between the central and eastern time zones runs north
from the eastern tip of Timor to the eastern tip of Sulawesi.

2
Terrain

Meninjau in Sumatra

Mount Semeru and Mount Bromo in East Java

Indonesia is a seismically active region situated on three tectonic plates, the Pacific,
Eurasiona and Australian plates. Along with the more well known Krakatoa and
Tambora, Indonesia has around 100 active volcanoes. In 1815 the volcano at Tambora
erupted and claimed 92,000 lives. In 1883 Krakatua exploded and the resulting tidal
wave killed as many as 36,000 West Javans. Between 1972 and 1991 there were twenty
nine eruptions recorded, primarily on Java. As a result of all the volcanic ash, the area is
quite fertile, however the seismic instability can make agriculture somewhat
unpredictable in some regions.

Nusa Tenggara consists of two strings of islands stretching eastward from Bali toward
Irian Jaya. The inner arc of Nusa Tenggara is a continuation of the chain of mountains
and volcanoes extending from Sumatra through Java, Bali, and Flores, and trailing off in
the Banda Islands. The outer arc of Nusa Tenggara is a geological extension of the chain
of islands west of Sumatra that includes Nias, Mentawai, and Enggano. This chain
resurfaces in Nusa Tenggara in the ruggedly mountainous islands of Sumba and Timor.
The Maluku Islands (or Moluccas) are geologically among the most complex of the
Indonesian islands. They are located in the northeast sector of the archipelago, bounded

3
by the Philippines to the north, Irian Jaya to the east, and Nusa Tenggara to the south.
The largest of these islands include Halmahera, Seram, and Buru, all of which rise
steeply out of very deep seas. This abrupt relief pattern from sea to high mountains means
that there are very few level coastal plains.

Geographers believe that the island of New Guinea, of which Irian Jaya is a part, may
once have been part of the Australian continent. The breakup and tectonic action created
both towering, snowcapped mountain peaks lining its central east-west spine and hot,
humid alluvial plains along the coast of New Guinea. Irian Jaya's mountains range some
650 kilometers east to west, dividing the province between north and south.

Population

Indonesia's population statistics are difficult to estimate. In the 2000 national census, an
initial population estimate of 203 million was recorded: most of the population of Aceh
was estimated from previous counts as the conflict meant that a survey was not possible,
as were hard-to-reach regions of Papua. The Indonesian government later revised the
estimate up to 206 million. Internationally, an undercount had been assumed, though
there is no data to confirm it. The country's Central Statistics Bureau (BPS) and Statistics
Indonesia quote 219.9 million as the population for 2005, while the CIA Factbook
estimates are over 240 million. Some parts of Indonesia are some of the most densely
populated areas in the world: for example, Java is the most populous island in the world
and many Indonesian cities are some of the most crowded and heavily populated.
Indonesia's population can be roughly divided into two groups. The west of the country is
Asian and the people are mostly Malay, while the east is more Pacific and people on New
Guinea are Papuan, with roots in the islands of Melanesia. There are, however, many
more subdivisions, since Indonesia spans an area the size of Europe or the USA and
consists of many islands that to a large degree had separate developments. Many
Indonesians identify with a more specific ethnic group that is often linked to language
and regional origins; examples of these are Javanese, Sundanese, or Batak. There are also
quite different groups within many islands, such as Borneo, with its Dayak and Punan,
who have different lifestyles and skin tones.

Government & History

Indonesia is a country populated by peoples of various migrations, creating a diversity of

cultures, ethnicities, and languages. These diverse peoples were influenced in varying
degrees by trade and contact with the civilizations of the Middle East, South Asia, and
East Asia, before the Portuguese initiated a direct relation between Indonesia and Europe,
and colonists from the Netherlands finally consolidated most of the archipelago into a
single administrative unit, under the Dutch East India Company.

The outbreak of World War II pushed Indonesia into the middle of warfare between the
Dutch and Imperial Japan. The defeat of the Dutch saw them driven out and replaced

4
with Japanese occupation forces, but the weakening of these two world powers provided
an opening for Indonesian Nationalists, led by Sukarno, and other independence
movements to launch an armed conflict. After a brief time, during which the Dutch
sought to re-colonize the country, the Indonesian Nationalists won recognition for the
newly formed Republic of Indonesia. In doing so, it was among the first Third World
nations to gain its independence after World War II.

Since gaining independence, the Republic of Indonesia has largely been ruled by a strong
central government in Jakarta. After Indonesia's founding President Sukarno was
weakened by prolonged warfare against Malaysia and its Commonwealth allies in the
Konfrontasi, and by internal conflict between the Indonesian Army and the Communist
Party of Indonesia, general Suharto took power in 1966. The period of his rule, known as
the era of the New Order, would last 32 years and would make Indonesia a rapidly
industrializing nation, though not without the problems of extensive corruption and
popular discontent. After a wave of protests demanding democracy, Suharto stepped
down, beginning the present period of Indonesian history, known as the Reformation era.

Independence era

Shortly after hostilities with the Dutch ended in 1949, Indonesia adopted a new
constitution providing for a parliamentary system of government in which the executive
was chosen by and made responsible to parliament. Parliament was divided among many
political parties before and after the country's first nationwide election in 1955, and stable
governmental coalitions were difficult to achieve.

The role of Islam in Indonesia became a divisive issue. Sukarno defended a secular state
based on Pancasila while some Muslim groups preferred either an Islamic state or a
constitution that included preambular provision requiring adherents of Islam to be subject
to Islamic law.

Unsuccessful rebellions on Sumatra, Sulawesi, West Java, and other islands beginning in
1958, plus a failure by the constituent assembly to develop a new constitution, weakened
the parliamentary system. Consequently, in 1959, when President Sukarno unilaterally
revived the provisional 1945 constitution, which gave broad presidential powers, he met
little resistance.

Overthrow of Sukarno

By late 1965, the Indonesian Army had fragmented into Left-wing and right-wing camps.
The former were allied with the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), which also
controlled many of the mass civic and cultural organizations that Sukarno had established
to mobilize support for his regime. The latter were courted from abroad by the United
States, which trained a number of Army officers and which formed a number of think-
tanks. After gaining Sukarno's acquiescence, the PKI began to arm groups of peasants in

5
order to combat the growing power of right-wing military commands in the countryside.
Army leaders objected to this campaign.

On September 30, 1965 six senior generals within the military and several other officers
were murdered by palace guards, alleged to be loyal to the PKI. The guards claimed they
were attempting to stop an attempt by the generals to assassinate President Sukarno. After
panic spread throughout Indonesia about a communist coup attempt, Major General
Suharto, the commander of the Army Strategic Reserve (Kostrad), organized an offensive
under the justification of crushing this alleged rebellion. The army is believed killed tens
of thousands of alleged communists in rural areas. The number of those murdered by
1966 was at least 500,000. The violence was especially brutal in Java and Bali.

Throughout the 1965-66 period, President Sukarno attempted to restore his political
position and shift the country back to its pre-October 1965 position. Although he
remained president, in March 1966, Sukarno had to transfer key political and military
powers to General Suharto, who by that time had become head of the armed forces. In
March 1967, the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) named General
Suharto acting president. Sukarno ceased to be a political force and lived under virtual
house arrest until his death in 1970.

New Order era

Suharto was the military president of Indonesia from 1967 to 1998. The 1950s and 1960s
saw Sukarno's government aligned first with the emerging non-aligned movement and
later with the socialist bloc. In the 1960s Indonesia was in a military confrontation
against neighbouring Malaysia, and had increased frustration over domestic economic
difficulties. Army general Suharto became president in 1967 on the pretext of securing
the country against an alleged communist coup attempt against a weakening Sukarno,
whose tilt leftward had alarmed both the military and Western powers. In the aftermath of
Suharto's rise, hundreds of thousands of people were killed or imprisoned by the military
and religious groups in a backlash against alleged communist supporters. Suharto's
administration is commonly called the New Order era. Suharto invited major foreign
investment, which produced substantial, if uneven, economic growth. However, Suharto
enriched himself and his family through widespread corruption and was forced to step
down amid massive popular demonstrations and a faltering economy by the Indonesian
Revolution of 1998. From 1998 to 2005, the country had four presidents: Bacharuddin
Jusuf (BJ) Habibie (1998 to 1999), Abdurrahman Wahid (1999 to 2001), Megawati
Sukarnoputri (2001 to 2004) and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004 to Current). On May
21, 1998, President Suharto announced his resignation and ask Indonesian Vice President
DR BJ Habibie to become the new Indonesian President

6
Pro-democracy movement

In 1996 Suharto undertook efforts to pre-empt a challenge to the New Order government.
The Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI), a legal party that had traditionally propped up
the regime had changed direction, and began to assert its independence. Suharto fostered
a split over the leadership of PDI, backing a co-opted faction loyal to deputy speaker of
Parliament Suryadi against a faction loyal to Megawati Sukarnoputri, the daughter of
Sukarno and PDI's proper chairperson.

After the Suryadi faction announced a party congress to sack Megawati would be held in
Medan, in June, Megawati proclaimed that her supporters would hold demonstrations in
protest. The Suryadi faction went through with its sacking of Megawati, and the
demonstrations manifested themselves throughout Indonesia. This lead to several
confrontations on the streets between protesters and security forces, and recriminations
over the violence. The protests culminated in the military allowing Megawati's supporters
to take over PDI headquarters in Jakarta, with a pledge of no further demonstrations.

Wahid administration

In October 1999, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), which consists of the 500-
member Parliament plus 200 appointed members, elected Abdurrahman Wahid
(commonly referred to as "Gus Dur") as President, and Megawati Sukarnoputri as Vice
President, for 5-year terms. Wahid named his first Cabinet in early November 1999 and a
reshuffled, second Cabinet in August 2000.

President Wahid's government continued to pursue democratization and to encourage

renewed economic growth under challenging conditions. In addition to continuing
economic malaise, his government faced regional, interethnic, and interreligious conflict,
particularly in Aceh, Maluku Islands, and Irian Jaya. In West Timor, the problems of
displaced East Timorese and violence by pro-Indonesian East Timorese militias caused
considerable humanitarian and social problems. An increasingly assertive Parliament
frequently challenged President Wahid's policies and prerogatives, contributing to a
lively and sometimes rancorous national political debate.

Megawati administration

During the People's Consultative Assembly's first annual session in August 2000,
President Wahid gave an account of his government's performance. On January 29, 2001
thousands of student protesters stormed parliament grounds and demanded that President
Abdurrahman Wahid resign due to alleged involvement in corruption scandals. Under
pressure from the Assembly to improve management and coordination within the
government, he issued a presidential decree giving Vice President Megawati control over
the day-to-day administration of government. Soon after, Megawati Sukarnoputri
assumed the presidency on July 23.

7
Yudhoyono administration

In 2004, the largest one-day election in the world and Indonesia's first direct Presidential
election was held and was won by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, commonly referred by
his initials SBY.

Foreign/U.S. Relations

U.S. exports to Indonesia in 1999 totaled $2.0 billion, down significantly from $4.5
billion in 1997. The main exports were construction equipment, machinery, aviation parts,
chemicals, and agricultural products. U.S. imports from Indonesia in 1999 totaled $9.5
billion and consisted primarily of clothing, machinery and transportation equipment,
petroleum, natural rubber, and footwear. Economic assistance to Indonesia is coordinated
through the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI), formed in 1989. It includes 19 donor
countries and 13 international organizations that meet annually to coordinate donor
assistance. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has provided
development assistance to Indonesia since 1950. Initial assistance focused on the most
urgent needs of the new republic, including food aid, infrastructure rehabilitation, health
care, and training. Through the 1970s, a time of great economic growth in Indonesia,
USAID played a major role in helping the country achieve self-sufficiency in rice
production and in reducing the birth rate.

USAID's current program aims to support Indonesia as it recovers from the financial
crisis by providing food aid, employment generating activities, and maintaining critical
public health services. USAID is also providing technical advisers to help the Indonesian
Government implement economic reforms and fiscal decentralization and is supporting
democratization and civil society development activities through non-governmental
organizations.

8
Economy

Indonesian banknotes

Indonesian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for 2005 was US$287 billion, with per capita
GDP (PPP) being US$4,458, ranking Indonesia 110th in the world. The services sector is
the economy's largest accounting for 45.3% of GDP (2005), followed by industry (40.7%)
and agriculture (14.0%). Agriculture, however, is the country's largest employer,
employing 46.5% of the 95 million-strong workforce, followed by the services sector
(41.7%) and industry (11.8%). Major industries include petroleum and natural gas,
textiles, apparel, and mining. Major agricultural products include palm oil, rice, tea,
coffee, spices and rubber.

Indonesia's main export markets are Japan (22.3% of Indonesian exports in 2005), the
United States (13.9%), China (9.1%), and Singapore (8.9%). The major suppliers of
imports to Indonesia are Japan (18.0%), China (16.1%), and Singapore (12.8%). In 2005,
Indonesia ran a trade surplus with export revenues of US$83.64 billion and import
expenditure of US$62.02 billion. The country has extensive natural resources, including
crude oil, natural gas, tin, copper, and gold. Indonesia's major imports include machinery
and equipment, chemicals, fuels, and foodstuffs.

9
Religion

Istiqlal Mosque in Jakarta, reportedly the largest mosque in South East Asia.

Dalem Agung Padantegal Hindu temple, Monkey Forest, Ubud, Bali.

Religion plays a major role in life in Indonesia. It is stated in the first principle of the
state ideology, Pancasila: "Belief in the one and only God." A number of different
religions are practiced in Indonesia and their collective influence on the country's
political, economical and cultural life is significant. As of 1998, approximately 88% of
Indonesia's 222 million people are Muslims, 5% are Protestant, 3% are Catholic, 2% are
Hindu, 1% are Buddhist, and 1% believe in other religions.
The Indonesian Constitution states "every person shall be free to choose and to practice
the religion of his/her choice" and "guarantees all persons the freedom of worship, each
according to his/her own religion or belief." The government, however, officially only
recognizes six religions, namely Islam, Protestantism, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism
and Confucianism.

10
Before the arrival of the Abrahamic faiths of Christianity and Islam, the popular belief
systems in the region were thoroughly influenced by Indic religious philosophy through
Hinduism and Buddhism. The influence of Hinduism and classical India remain defining
traits of Indonesian culture; the Indian concept of the god-king still shapes Indonesian
concepts of leadership and the use of Sanskrit in courtly literature and adaptations of
Indian mythology such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata. The vast majority of Hindus
are Balinese who, similar to abangan Muslims, follow a version of Hinduism fused with
existing cultural and religious beliefs and markedly distinct from orthodox Hinduism.
The Sumatra-based Sriwijaya kingdom of the seventh century AD was an early center of
Buddhism in Indonesia. Most Buddhists in modern-day Indonesia, however, are ethnic
Chinese.

Islam was first brought to northern Sumatra by Arab traders in the thirteenth century and
had become Indonesia's dominant religion by the fifteenth century. Although Islam was
once mainly practiced in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia-wide emigration has increased the
number of Muslims living in Bali, Borneo, Sulawesi, Maluku, and Papua. Like other
religions in Indonesia, Islam has blended with local traditional beliefs such as those
practiced by the Abangan Muslims on Java and with other belief systems in northern
Sumatra and Kalimantan. Such syncretic practices draw on distinctly Indonesian customs
and typically differ from more Orthodox Islam by favoring local customs over Islamic
law. One notable difference includes a generally greater level of freedom and higher
social status for women. The majority of Indonesian Muslims generally accept different
religious practices and interpretations within their own faith. Although the form of
worship may differ, Muslims in Indonesia are typically devout; many have made the
pilgrimage to Mecca, for example. More Orthodox Muslims believing in a stricter
adherence to Sharia make up a smaller but growing percentage of the population; the
wearing of a jilbab, for example, is becoming more common. There is a small but
outspoken hard-line Islamist presence in Indonesia, some of which seek to establish
Indonesia as an Islamic state. Most Indonesian Muslims, however, are wary of these
movements.

Catholicism was first brought to Indonesia by early Portuguese colonialists and

missionaries, and the Protestant denominations are largely a result of Dutch Calvinist and
Lutheran missionary efforts during its colonial time. Missionary efforts did not extend to
Java or other predominantly Muslim areas. As with Islam and Hinduism, Christian beliefs
in Indonesia are sometimes combined with animism and other traditional beliefs and
cultural practices.

With many different religions practiced in Indonesia, conflicts between believers are
often unavoidable. Moreover, Indonesia's political leadership has played an important
role in the relations between groups, both positively and negatively, including the Dutch
East Indies' Transmigration Program, which has caused a number of conflicts in the
eastern region of the country.

11
Ethnic Groups

Most Indonesians are ethnically Malay, particularly in central and western Indonesia,
although much of eastern Indonesia is Melanesian. There are, however, around 300
distinct native ethnicities in Indonesia and 742 different languages and dialects. Small but
significant populations of ethnic Chinese, Indians and Arabs are concentrated mostly in
urban areas. An almost universally shared sense of Indonesian nationhood overlays this
vast diversity and steadfastly maintained regional identities, providing a largely
harmonious society.

Indonesia, however, is not without social tensions with religious and ethnic differences
triggering sometimes horrendous violence. The transmigration program contributed to the
spread of people from highly populated Java and Madura to eastern Indonesia. Ethnic and
religious differences between these immigrants and the local peoples have been blamed
for numerous difficulties, sometimes culminating in bloody conflicts such as the
massacre of hundreds of Madurese by a local Dayak community in West Kalimantan, and
conflicts in Maluku, Central Sulawesi, and parts of Papua and West Irian Jaya.

Chinese Indonesians are arguably the most influential ethnic minority in Indonesia.
Although the Chinese make up only 2% of the population, the majority of the locally-
owned businesses and wealth in the country is Chinese-controlled. This has caused
considerable resentment despite the fact that it is only a small proportion of Chinese that
hold great wealth, and that a large middle class of prosperous, non-Chinese has
developed. The riots in Jakarta in 1998, much of which was aimed at the Chinese, were
expressions of these sentiments.

Culture

A Wayang kulit shadow puppet performance as seen by the audience.

12
As Indonesia is located in the middle of ancient sea trading routes between Far East and
Middle East, much of daily practices and art forms have been influenced by Hinduism,
Buddhism, Confucianism and Islam, especially in many trading cities. Cultural mixture in
Indonesia is complex and has to be distinguished from the original. Examples include
Agama Hindu Dharma, a denomination of Hinduism now practiced by 93% of Balinese,
the fusion of Islam with Hindu in Javanese Abangan belief, the fusion of Hinduism,
Buddhism and animism in Bodha, the fusion of Hinduism and animism in Kaharingan,
and many others.

The cultural mixture is noticeable in Indonesian art-forms. For instances, puppet shows,
known as wayang, a traditional theater shows, used to spread Hinduism and Islam among
villagers in Java. Javanese and Balinese dances have stories about old Buddhist and
Hindu kingdoms. Islamic art forms and architectures are present in Sumatra, especially in
the Minangkabau and Aceh regions. Traditional art, music and sport are mixed into a
martial art form of Pencak Silat, formerly used as a self defense.

Western culture has influenced Indonesia, but mostly in modern entertainment, such as
television shows, movies and songs. India has notably influenced Indonesian songs and
movies. A popular type of song is the Indian-rhythmical dangdut, which is often mixed
with Arab and Malay folk music.

Despite these high influences of foreign cultures, some remote Indonesian regions still
preserve uniquely indigenous culture. Indigenous ethnic groups of Mentawai, Asmat,
Dani, Dayak, Toraja and many others are still practicing their ethnic rituals, customs and
wearing their traditional clothes. With more than 300 ethnic groups and a long history of
foreign cultural mixtures, Indonesia has a rich cultural diversity.

Music

Gamelan from Java

Indonesia is culturally diverse and is home to hundreds of forms of music, with those
from the islands of Java, Sumatra and Bali being the most frequently recorded. The
traditional music from Central- and East Java and Bali is the Gamelan.
In 1965, a law was passed (Panpres 11/1965) banning Western-style pop or rock music.

13
On June 29, 1965, Koes Plus, a leading Indonesian pop group in the 1960's, 70's and 80's,
was imprisoned in Glodok, West Jakarta for playing Western-style music.
After President Sukarno resigned and PKI disbanded, the law was rescinded. In the 1970s,
the Glodok prison was destroyed and turned into a large shopping centre. The new
shopping centre in Glodok is now the centre of recording, production and distribution of
modern Indonesian pop and rock music.

Dangdut is a very popular style of music with an accompanying free dance style, which
first surfaced in the 1970s. The popularity of dangdut with both young and old
Indonesians has made it useful in political campaigns. Keroncong is a musical genre that
uses guitars and ukuleles as the main musical instruments. This genre had its roots in
Portugal and was brought to Indonesia by Portuguese traders in the 15th century. There is
a traditional "Keroncong Tugu" music group in North Jakarta and other traditional
Keroncong music groups in Maluku, with strong influences from Portuguese culture.
This music genre was popular in the first half of 20th century, but now keroncong is
considered "old people's" music. One of the most revered keroncong composers is
Gesang. Gesang received the OISCA International award from Japan for his song
"Bengawan Solo." A more modern form of keroncong is called Pop Keroncong. Hetty
Koes Endang is one of its most versatile singers. In addition, there are regional variations
such as Langgam Jawa, which is most popular in Central Java and Yogyakarta.
The soft Sasando music from the province of East Nusa Tenggara in West Timor is
completely different. Sasando uses an instrument made from a leaf of the lontar palm,
which bears some resemblance to a harp.

In West Java, popular musical styles include Degung and Angklung, which is played with
bamboo instruments.

14
Balinese mask dance

Dance

It is not difficult to see a continuum in the traditional dances depicting episodes from the
Ramayana and Mahabharata from India, through Thailand all the way to Bali. There is a
marked difference, though between the highly stylized dances of the courts of
Yogyakarta and Surakarta and their popular variations. While the court dances are
promoted and even performed internationally, the popular forms of dance art and drama
must largely be discovered locally.
During the last few years Saman from Aceh in North Sumatra has become rather popular
and is often performed on TV.

Food

Gado-gado, mixed vegetables salad with peanut sauce

15
Satay - “Sate” eaten with peanut sauce or sweet soy sauce

Indonesian cuisine reflects the vast variety of people that live on the 6,000 populated
islands that make up Indonesia. Indonesian cuisine is as diverse as Indonesian culture,
and has taken on culinary influence from many sources. Throughout its history, Indonesia
has been involved in trade due to its location and natural resources. Indonesia's
indigenous techniques and ingredients, at least in the Malay World parts, are influenced
by India, the Middle East, China and finally Europe. The Spanish and Portuguese traders
brought New World produce even before the Dutch came to colonize most of Indonesia.
In western and central Indonesia, the main meal is usually cooked in the late morning,
and consumed around midday. In many families there is no set meal time where all
members are expected to attend. For this reason, most of the dishes are made such that
they can last and remain edible even if left on the table in room temperature for many
hours. The same dishes are then re-heated for the final meal in the evening. Most meals
are built around a cone-shaped pile of long-grain, highly polished rice. A meal may
include a soup, salad (or the more commonly sautéed vegetables with garlic), and another
main dish. Whatever the meal, it is accompanied by at least one, and often several
relishes that are called sambals.

In eastern Indonesia where the natives are more influenced by Pacific Islander cultures
such as on the island of Papua and Timor, the meals can be centered on other sources of
carbohydrates such as sago and/or grain.

The most popular dishes that originated in Indonesia are common across most of Asia,
with beef and sambals favored in Malaysia and Singapore. Soy-based dishes such as
variations of tofu (tahu) and tempeh are also very popular. In fact, tempeh is an
adaptation of tofu to the tropical climates of Indonesia.

In most cities it is common to see Chinese dishes such as buns and noodles sold by street
vendors and restaurants alike, often adapted to become Indonesian Chinese cuisine. One
common adaptation is that pork is no longer used since the majority of Indonesians are
Muslims. Street and street-side vendors are common, in addition to hawkers peddling
their goods on bicycles or carts. These carts are known as kaki lima (named after the 5-
foot wide footpaths in Indonesia, however some people say they are named “five feet”

16
after the three feet of the cart and two feet of the vendor!), and many of these have their
own distinctive call to announce their wares. For example, the “bakso” seller will hit the
side of a soup bowl, whereas “mie ayam” is announced by hitting a wood block.
So-called “Padang” restaurants (Rumah Makan Padang) are found in many parts of
Indonesia. These restaurants serve the cuisine of the Minangkabau people. In such a
restaurant, many small dishes are brought to the table. The diners eat only what they want
from this selection of dishes, and they are charged accordingly. Padang food is typically
spicy, a favorite being Beef Rendang.

Indonesian meals are commonly eaten with combination of spoon in the right hand and
fork in the left hand, although in many parts such as West Java it is also common to eat
with your hands.

Crafts

Ikat weaving from the Island of Sumba, Indonesia

17
Batik from Java

Several Islands are famous for their batik, ikat and songket cloth. Once on the brink of
disappearing batik and later ikat found a new lease of life when former President
Soeharto promoted wearing batik shirts on official occasions. In addition to the
traditional patterns with their special meanings, used for particular occasions, batik
designs have become creative and diverse over the last few years.

Language

The official national language, Indonesian (Indonesian: Bahasa Indonesia), is universally

taught in schools and is spoken by nearly every Indonesian. It is the language of business,
politics, national media, education and academia. Yet, in isolated areas (even on the
major islands) it is not uncommon to find villagers who are not familiar with Indonesian.
It was originally a lingua franca for most of the region, including present-day Malaysia
and is thus closely related to Malay. It was first promoted as a national language in 1928
by the Indonesian National Party (PNI), accepted by the Dutch as the de facto language
for the colony, and then declared the official language after independence. Most
Indonesians speak at least one of the several hundred local languages (bahasa daerah),
often as their first language. Of these, Javanese is the most widely-spoken language, as it
is the language of the largest ethnic group. Papua on the other hand, has as many as five
hundred or more indigenous Papuan or Austronesian languages in a region of just 2.7
million people.

Indonesia is home to 742 languages. Of those, 737 are living languages, 2 are second
language without mother-tongue speakers, and 3 are extinct. The official language is the
Indonesian language (locally known as Bahasa Indonesia), a modified version of Malay.
Other languages spoken include English and Dutch, as well as local dialects including
Javanese.

18
Numbers of speakers (of the larger languages)
Language Number (millions) Main areas where spoken
Javanese 75 East & Central Java
Sundanese 27 West Java
Madurese 9 Madura, East Java
Minangkabau 6.5 Central Sumatra
Buginese 3.6 South Sulawesi
Balinese 3 Bali
Acehnese 2.4 Northern Sumatra
Banjarese 2.1 Kalimantan
Sasak 2.1 Lombok
Toba Batak 2 Northern Sumatra
Makassarese 1.6 South Sulawesi
Lampung 1.5 Soutern Sumatra
Dairi Batak 1.2 Northern Sumatra
Rejang 1 Southwest

19
 Lesson 1
People and Geography
Penduduk lan ilmu bumi
This lesson will introduce you to:
- Simple greetings and basic introductions in Javanese
- How to greet people in formal and informal situations in Javanese
- Personal pronouns
- Possessive pronouns
- How to use the verbs “to be” and “to live” in the present tense
- Basic geographical names of Indonesia.

PEOPLE

1. Listen to these simple greetings and phrases in Javanese and repeat them after the speaker.

Hello, Hi Halo (only used when talking on the phone)

Hey/Eee (informal greeting)
Good morning. Sugeng injing.
Good afternoon. Sugeng siang.
Good late afternoon. Sugeng sonten.
Good evening. Sugeng ndalu.
How are you? Kados pundi kabaripun?

2. How would you greet someone at 7am, at 10am, at 2pm, at 5pm, and at 10pm? Exchange greetings
with your teacher and your partner.

3. Familiarize yourself with personal pronouns. Listen to the audio and repeat after the speaker.

I kula
you panjenengan
he piyambakipun
she piyambakipun
we kita
you (plural) panjenengan sedaya

20
 4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker.
(Pak Harto means Mr. Harto)
(Pak Susilo means Mr. Susilo)
In the morning
Pak Harto: Good morning!
Pak Susilo: Good morning.
During the day
Pak Harto: Good afternoon!
Pak Susilo: Good afternoon.
Pak Harto: How are you?
Pak Susilo: Fine, thank you.
And you?
Pak Harto: Very well.
In the evening
Pak Harto: Good evening, Mr.
Susilo.
Pak Susilo: Good evening,
Mr. Harto
Pak Harto: How are you Mr.
Susilo?
Pak Susilo: Fine, thank you.
And you?
Pak Harto: Fine. Good night.
Pak Susilo: Good night.
Informal
Pak Harto: Hi Mr. Susilo.
Pak Susilo: Hi Mr. Harto.
Pak Harto: How are you?
Pak Susilo: Good. And you?
Pak Harto: Good!
Pak Susilo: Bye!
5. Use the dialogues above as a model and compose your own similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in
small groups.
Sugeng injing!
Sugeng injing.
Sugeng siang!
Sugeng siang.
Kados pundi kabaripun?
Sae-sae kemawon.
Kados punji panjenengan?
Sae-sae kemawon.
Sugeng ndalu, Pak Susilo.
Sugeng ndalu, Pak Harto.
Kados pundi kabaripun, Pak Susilo?
Sae-sae kemawon. (We don’t usually say “thank you” in
this context.)
Panjenengan kados pundi?
Sae-sae kemawon. Sugeng ndalu.
Sugeng ndalu.
Hey/Eee Pak Susilo.
Hey/Eee Pak Harto
Kepriye kabare?
Apik wae. Kowe kepriye?
Apik!
Wis ya!
21
GEOGRAPHY

Indonesia wilayah ingkang amba sanget, sami kaliyan wilayah Amerika. Ing Indonesia wonten 17,000 pulo;
mboten sedaya pulo dipun enggeni tiyang. Wonten gangsal pulo ageng, inggih meniko Jawi, Sumatra,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi, lan Irian Jaya. Ing Indonesia mboten wonten ‘negara bagian’; ing Indonesia wonten
propinsi, sedayanipun 30. Ibu kota Indonesia Jakarta. Kitha-kitha ageng sanesiun ing pulo Jawi, Bandung,
Surabaya, Semarang, Yogyakarta lan Solo, utawi Surakarta.

Indonesia is as large as the United States. There are 17,000 islands. Most of them are uninhabited. There are 5
major islands, which are Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan (also known as Borneo), Sulawesi and Irian Jaya. Indonesia
is not divided into states, but is made up of 30 provinces. The capital of Indonesia is Jakarta. Other major cities
in Indonesia on the island of Java are Bandung, Surabaya, Semarang, Yogyakarta and Solo, also called
Surakarta.

I am from… Kulo asli Jakarta

You are from… Panjenengan asli Bandung
He is from… Piyambakipun asli Solo
She is from… Piyambakipun asli Magelang.
It is from… Niki (= this) saking Amerika.
We are from… Kita asli Indonesia.
You are from… Panjenengan asli Djokja.
Those people are from … Tiang-tiang niku asli Jakarta.

6. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker.

1. I am Indonesian. Kulo tiyang Indonesia.

I am from Indonesia. Kulo asli (=asal) Indonesia.

22
 2. He is Indonesian. Piyambakipun tiang Indonesia.
He is from Indonesia. Piyambakipun asli (=asal) Indonesia.

3. She is Indonesian. Piyambakipun tiang Indonesia.

She is from Jakarta. Piyambakipun asli (=asal) Jakarta.

4. We are Indonesian. Kita tiang Indonesia.

We are from Jakarta. Kita asli (=asal) Jakarta.

5. You are Indonesian. Panjenengan tiang Indonesia.

You are from Jakarta. Panjenengan asli (=asal) Jakarta.

6. Those people are Indonesians. Tiang-tiang puniko tiang Indonesia.

Those people are from Jakarta. Tiang-tiang puniko asli (=asal) Jakarta.

7. Pretend you and your classmates are from Indonesia. Introduce yourself and your classmates to your
friend in Javanese. Use the model below and the map.

MODEL:
Kulo tiang Indonesia. Kula asli Jakarta. Soeharto tiang Indonesia. Piyambakipun asli Jakarta.
Djono kalian Sri tiang Indonesia. Djono kalian Sri asli Jakarta.

Where are you from? Panjenengan asli saking pundi?

Where is he (she/it) from? Piyambakipun asli saking pundi?
Where are we from? Kita asli saking pundi?

8. Listen to the following dialogues in Javanese. Repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your
workbook.

1. A. I am from Jakarta. Kulo asli Jakarta.

Where are you from? Panjenengan asli saking pundi?
B. I am from Jakarta. Kula asli Jakarta.

2. A. Sri is from Solo. Sri asli Solo.

Where is Jono from? Jono asli saking pundi?
B. He is from Semarang. Piyambaipun asli Semarang.

3. A. I am from Djokja. Kulo asli Djokja.

Where are you and Siti from? Panjenengan kalian Siti asli saking pundi?
B. We are from Surabaya. Kita asli Surabaya.

4. A. Tomo is from Mediun. Tomo asli Mediun.

Where are Djono and Siti from? Djono kalian Siti asli saking pundi?
B. They are from Solo. Djono kalian Siti asli Solo.

23
9. Role-play the dialogues above using the map of Indonesia.

Am I from…? Yes, I am. No, I am not.

Kulo asli Solo?
Are you from…?
Panjenengan asli Solo?
Is he from…?
Piyambakipun asli Jakarta?
Is she from…?
Piyambakipun asli Djokja?
Is it (this) from…?
Niki asli Amerika?
Are we from…?
Kita asli Indonesia?
Those people are from…?
Tiang-tiang niku asli Solo?
Inggih, kula asli Solo
Yes, you are.
Inggih, panjenengan asli Solo.
Yes, he is.
Inggih. Piyambakipun asli Jakarta.
Yes, she is.
Inggih, Piyambakipun asli Djokja.
Yes, it (this) is.
Inggih. Niki asli Amerika.
Yes, we are.
Inggih. Kita asli Indonesia.
Yes, they are.
Inggih, tiyang-tiyang niku asli Solo.
Mboten, kula mboten asli Solo.
No, you are not.
Mboten, panjenengan mboten asli Solo.
No, he is not.
Mboten, piyambakipun mboten asli Jakarta.
No, she is not.
Mboten. Piyambakipun mboten asli Djokja.
No, it is not.
Mboten, niki mboten asli Amerika.
No, we are not.
Mboten, kita mboten asli Indonesia.
No, they are not.
Mboten, tiang- tiang niku mboten asli Solo.

10. Read the following dialogues and role-play them with a partner.

1. A. Are you from Indonesia? Panjenengan asli Indonesia?

B. Yes, I am. Inggih, kulo asli Indonesia.

2. A. Are you from Jakarta? Panjenengan asli Jakarta?

B. No, I am not. I am from Bandung. Mboten, kulo mboten asli Jakarta. Kula asli Bandung.

3. A. Is Suharto from Indonesia? Suharto asli Indonesia?

B. Yes, he is. Inggih, piyambakipun asli Indonesia.

4. A. Are Suharto and Suharti from Semarang? Suharto kalian Suharti asli Semarang?
B. Yes, they are. Inggih, Suharto kalian Suharti asli Semarang.

24
What is your name? What is your name?
Nami panjenengan sinten? Nami panjenengan sinten?
My name is Steve. My name is Peter Brown.
Nami kulo Steve. Nami kulo Peter Brown.

I kulo my kulo
you panjenengan your panjenengan
he piyambakipun his piyambakipun
she piyambakipun her piyambakipun
it (this/that) niki / niku its niki / niku
we kita our kita
you (you all) panjenengan sedaya your Panjenengan sedaya

What is her name? What is his name?

Sinten nami piyambakipun? Sinten nami piyambakipun?
Her name is Sri. His name is Djono.
Nami piyambakipun Sri. Nami piyambakipun Djono.

11. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker.

A. Good morning! Sugeng injing!

B. Good morning! Sugeng injing!
A. My name is Ponco. Nami kulo Ponco.
What is your name? Sinten nami panjenengan?
B. My name is Alatas. Nami kulo Alatas.

25
12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Look at the pictures above and make up appropriate dialogues
with greetings for them.

Grammar note:
To live = manggen to live in = manggen wonten The word order is the same used in English.

13. Listen to the following statements and repeat after the speaker.

Hotel Borobudur, Hotel Ciputra, Semarang

Hotel Preanger, Bandung
Jakarta
My name is Paulus. His name is Subari. Her name is Ani.
Nami kulo Paulus. Nami piyambakipun Subari. Nami piyambakipun Ani.
I live in Jakarta. He lives in Bandung. She lives in Semarang.
Kulo manggen wonten Piyambakipun manggen wonten Piyambakipun manggen wonten kitha
kitha Jakarta. kitha Bandung. Semarang.

26
 Hotel Hyatt Regency Mandarin Oriental,
Jakarta
Hotel Ciputra, Semarang
We live in Jakarta. Those people live in Semarang.
Kita manggen wonten Jakarta. Tiang-tiang punika manggen wonten Semarang.

14. Read the following sentences. Translate them into English. Check your work in the Answer Key.

1. Subari manggen wonten Solo.

2. Panjenengan manggen wonten Djokja? Inggih kula manggen wonten Djokja.

3. Aan mboten manggen wonten Bandung.

4. Panjenengan manggen wonten pundi? Kulo manggen wonten Jakarta.

5. Sri kalian Tuti manggen wonten pundi? Sri kalian Tuti manggen wonten Semarang.

(We do not have a pronoun for “they,” so we repeat the names of the people, or we say “orang-orang itu = those
people.”)

15. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook.
Make up a similar dialogue. Work in pairs or in small groups.

A. Sugeng siang.
B. Sugeng siang.
A. Nami kulo Nani. Sinten nami panjenengan?
B. Nami kulo Djono.
A. Kulo manggen wonten Jakarta. Panjenengan manggen wonten pundi?
B. Kulo manggen wonten Jakarta.

27
16. Work in pairs or in small groups. Imagine that you are new to the class. Ask your partner about the
rest of the students (their names and where they live). Use the model below.

MODEL:
A. Sinten nami piyambakipun?
B. Nami piyambakipun Djono.
A. Piyambakipun manggen wonten pundi?
B. Piyambakipun manggen wonten Jakarta.

17. What is the question? Read the answers below and produce the questions in the Javanese. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

1. ____________________________?
Mboten, kula asli Jakarta.

2. ____________________________?
Inggih kulo manggen wonten Bandung.

3. ____________________________?
Inggih piyambakipun asli Solo.

4. ____________________________?
Inggih piyambakipun manggen wonten Djokja.

5. ____________________________?
Mboten, piyambakipun asli Bandung.

6. ____________________________?
Inggih nami kula Sri.

7. ____________________________?
Sanes, piyambakipun Djono.

8. ____________________________?
Inggih kulo asli Jakarta.

28
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Read the following sentences and translate them from English into Javanese. Check your answer with
the Answer Key.
A. My name is Tanya. I am from Moscow.
B. Do you live in Seattle? Yes.
C. His name is Joe. He lives in Berlin.
D. We are from Vancouver.
E. My name is Maurice. I am from Chicago.
F. His name is Bob. He lives in Boston.
G. Her name is Susan. She lives in San Diego.
H. What is your name? My name is Tony.

2. Pretend that you are at a party. Introduce yourself to other people and ask them for their names,
where they are from, and where they live. Work in pairs or in small groups. Use the model below.

MODEL:
A. Nami kula Sri. Sinten nami panjenengan?
B. Nami kula Siti..
A. Kula asli Jakarta. Panjenengan asli saking pundi? .
B. Kula asli Sumatra.
A. Kulo manggen wonten Bogor. Panjenengan manggen wonten pundi?
B. Kulo manggen wonten Jakarta.

3. Introduce your friend to your classmates. Use the model below.

MODEL:
Nami piyambakipun Tono.
Piyambakipun asli Indonesia.
Piyambakipun tiang Indonesia.
Piyambakipun manggen wonten Jakarta.

29
Vocabulary List

Hello Halo/Hey/Eee
Hi Hey/Eee
Good morning. Sugeng enjing.
Good afternoon. Sugeng siang.
Good evening. Sugeng sonten.
Good night. Sugeng ndalu.
Good-bye. Nyuwun pamit.
How are you? Kados pundi kabaripun?
Fine/ very well. Sae kemawon.
Thank you. Matur nuwun.
You are welcome. Sami-sami.
My name is … Nami kulo …
I Kulo
He Piyambakipun
She Piyambakipun
You Panjenengan
We Kita
You (plural) Panjenengan sedaya
They Tiang-tiang (the people)
To live in Manggen wonten
No Mboten
Yes Inggih; injih
To be No equaivalent
To be from Asli; asli saking
Where are you from? Panjenengan asli saking pundi?
What is your name? Sinten nami panjenengan?
Where do you live? Panjenengan manggen wonten pundi?
Mine Gadahan kula
Yours Gadahan panjenengan
His Gadahanipun piyambakipun
Hers Gadahanipun piyambakipun
Ours Gadahan kita sedaya
Yours Gadahan panjenengan
Theirs Gadahan tiang-tiang puniko (the property of those people)

30
ANSWER KEY

14.
1. Subari lives in Solo.
2. Do you live in Djokja? Yes, I do.
3. Aan does not live in Bandung.
4. Where do you live? I live in Jakarta.
5. Where do Sri and Tuti live? They live in Semarang.

17. Your questions should be similar in grammatical form to those below although some city and people
names may be different.

1. Panjenengan asli Bandung?

2. Panjenengan manggen wonten Bandung?
3. Piyambakipun asli Solo?
4. Piyambakipun manggen wonten Djokja?
5. Piyambakipun asli Jakarta?
6. Nami panjenengan Sri?
7. Nami piyambakipun Suharto?
8. Panjenengan asli Jakarta?

End of Lesson Task

1.
A. Nami kula Tanya. Kula asli Moscow.
B. Panjenengan manggen wonten Seattle? Inggih.
C. Nami payambakipun Joe. Piyambakipun manggen wonten Berlin.
D. Kita asli Vancouver.
E. Nami kula Maurice. Kula asli Chicago.
F. Nami piyambakipun Bob. Piyambakipun manggen wonten Boston.
G. Nami piyambakipun Susan. Piyambakipun manggen wonten San Diego.
H. Sinten nami panjenengan? Nami kulo Tony.

31
 Lesson 2
Living and Working
Gesang lan nyambutdamel
This lesson will introduce you to:
- Typical housing arrangements of most people living in Indonesia
- Using “or” in questions about living arrangements and professions
- The verb “to have” in the present tense
- Names of professions (singular and plural forms).

Gria-gria wonten in kitha ageng lan kitha alit meh sami kalian gria-gria wonten ing Amerika. Wonten ndusun,
gria-gria sederhana sanget, dipun damel saking bahan ingkang wonten in ndusun. Alat-alat pendingin, mesin
cuci lan alat pengering namung wonten in kitha ageng. Listrik dereng wonten ing sedaya wilayah. Biaya
gesang warni-warni, mboten wonten keterangan resmi ngengingi biaya gesang. Wonten keterangan resmi
ngengingi penghasilan per capita setahun, inggih menika $1300. Setunggal keluarga ingkang anggotanipun
gangsal, sewulan perlu biaya, mboten kirang saking $600. Tiang ingkang manggen wonten ndusun mboten
perlu biaya sekathah menika.

Homes in big cities and towns in Indonesia are generally similar to what we see in the United States. In rural
areas though, homes are a lot simpler, and are made of materials that are readily available in the area. Air-
conditioning and modern appliances are only available in cities or towns. There is still no electricity in many
areas. The standard of living in Indonesia varies. There is no formal information available about it, even though
there the media has reported that the per capita income in Indonesia is, according the latest data, $1,300 per
year, NOT per month. A family of fives living in the city spends at least $600 a month. If you live in the
country you spend less.

Gria ing Jakarta. A house in Jakarta. Gria ing Jawi Tengah. A house in Central Java.

32
Gria ing Sumatra. A house in Sumatra. Gria ing Jawa Timur. A house in East Jawa.

1. Look at the pictures below and listen to the words. Repeat the words after the speaker.

apartment apartment building room house

apartemen gedong apartemen kamar griya

military camp tent barracks hotel

Kam militer kemah Asrama militer hotel

2. Match the Javanese words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. Replay the audio
from the previous section if necessary. Check your answers with the answer key.

Kemah Hotel
Kamar Tent
Griya Barracks
Apartemen Room
Hotel Military camp
Gedong apartemen House
Asrama militer Apartment
Kam militer Apartment building

33
3. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Djono manggen wonten ing kemah kam militer.

2. Nyonya Tini manggen wonten ing apartemen alit.

3. Sri kalian Tati manggen wonten ing griya ageng ing Jakarta.

4. Djono manggen wonten ing hotel.

5. Slamet kalian Parman manggen wonten ing asrama militer.

6. Harsono kalian kula manggeng wonten ing griya kita.

4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook.
Then, break into pairs or small groups and make up similar dialogues.

1. A. I live in a big house. Where do you live?
Kulo manggen wonten ing griya ageng. Panjenengan manggen
wonten pundi?
2. A. Bob (Djono) lives in the hotel. Where does Ann (Sri)
live?
Djono manggen wonten ing hotel. Sri manggen wonten pundi?
3. A. We live in the barracks. Where do Bob (Djono) and
Ann (Prapto) live?
Kita manggen wonten ing asrama militer. Djono kalian Prapto
menggen wonten pundi?
B. I live in a tent in a military camp.
Kulo manggen wonten ing kam militer.
B. Ann (Sri) lives in an apartment
building.
Sri manggen wonten ing gedong
apartemen.
B. They live in the military camp.
Tiang-tiang punika manggen wonten ing
kam militer.

Grammar notes: “Do you live in the barracks or in the military camp?” The use of “or” = “utawi” is the same
as in English.

5. Read the following dialogues and translate them into English. Check your translations with the
Answer Key. Make up similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups.

1. A. Panjenengan manggen wonten nggriya utawi apartemen?

B. Kula manggen wonten nggriya.

2. A. Tiang-tiang punika manggen wonten ing hotel utawi gedong apartemen?

B. Tiang-tiang punika manggen wonten ing gedong apartemen.

34
6. Compose questions using the model and the words below. Check your work with the Answer Key.

MODEL:
Panjenengan manggen wonten ing kemah utawi asrama militer?

panjenengan Kemah/asrama militer

Tiang-tiang punika Hotel/griya
piyambakipun Gedong apartemen/ kam militer
piyambakipun Kamar / griya
kita Apartemen / hotel

7. Circle the Javanese equivalents for tent, house military camp and hotel. Check your work with the
Answer Key.

Asrama militer Kemah

Griya Gedong apartemen
Kam militer kamar
Apartemen hotel

Study the use of the verb “to have.”

I have Kulo gadah

You have Panjenengan gadah
He/she has Piyambakipun gadah
We have Kita gadah
You (plural) have Panjenengan sedaya gadah
Those people have Tiang-tiang punika gadah

8. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook.

1 I have a house in Jakarta. Kula gadah griya wonten ing Jakarta.

2 We have a room in an apartment building. Kita gadah kamar wonten ing gedong apartemen.
3. Djono has an apartment in Bandung. Djono gadah griya wonten ing Bandung.
4. Sri and Hari have their house in Solo. Sri kalian Hari gadah griya wonten ing Solo.

35
9. Make up sentences using the correct form of the verb “to have.”

MODEL:
I have an apartment.

Kula
Panjenengan Griya.
Piyambakipun gadah
Piyambakipun Apartemen.
Kita Kamar.
Tiang-tiang punika

Culture note: Penduduk Indonesia kinten-kinten 220 yuta. Paling kathah pados rejeki, dagang, dados
pengasong, dagang alit-alitan, utawi dados pengusaha, pengusaha ageng utawi alit.
Indonesia is inhabited by 220 million people, and most of them work as street vendors, small merchants
or businessmen, big or small.

10. Listen to the new vocabulary related to professions and repeat after the speaker.

Profession jabatan
Doctor dokter
Nurse juru rawat
Laborer buruh
Teacher guru
Student murid
Soldier tentara, prajurit
Mechanic montir
Farmer tiang tani
Police Officer pulisi
Waitress pelayan
Interpreter juru basa

36
11. Circle the profession that the person in the picture is most likely to be. Review the new vocabulary if
you aren’t sure.

Juru rawat utawi guru? Pulisi utawi tiang tani

Pelayan utawi dokter? Tentara utawi juru basa?

12. Match the Javanese words on the right with their English equivalents on the left. Check your work
with the Answer Key.

1. Profession A. pelayan
2. Doctor B. tiang tani
3. Nurse C. juru basa
4. Laborer D. jabatan
5. Teacher E. juru rawat
6. Student F. pulisi
7. Soldier G. dokter
8. Mechanic H. buruh
9. Farmer I. murid
10. Police Officer J. tentara
11. Waitress K. montir
12. Interpreter L. guru

37
Grammar note: To make something plural, we repeat the word. For example, “dokter” = “doctor,” “doctors”
= “dokter, dokter,” “hotel” = “hotel,” and “hotels” = “hotel, hotel.”

13. Listen to the plural form of nouns related to the names of professions, and repeat after the
speaker.

Profession Professions
Jabatan Jabatan-jabatan
Doctor Doctors
Dokter Dokter-dokter
Nurse Nurses
Juru-rawat Juru-rawat-juru-rawat
Laborer Laborers
Buruh Buruh-buruh
Teacher Teachers
Guru Guru-guru
Student Students
Murid Murid-murid
Soldier Soldiers
Tentara Tentara-tentara
Mechanic Mechanics
Montir Montir-montir
Farmer Farmers
Tiang tani Tiang-tani-tiang tani
Police officer Police officers
Pulisi Pulisi-pulisi
Waitress Waitresses
Pelayan Pelayan-pelayan
Interpreter Interpreters
Juru basa Juru-basa-juru-basa

14. Listen to the speaker and put a circle around each word you hear. Replay the audio as many
times as you need. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

A. Piyambakipun montir/tiang tani.

B. Tiang-tiang punika guru/dokter.

C. Piyambakipun juru basa/murid.

D. Tiang-tiang punika pulisi/tentara.

38
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Give a brief introduction of yourself in Javanese, listing your name, where you are from, where you
live, and what your occupation is.

MODEL:
Nami kulo Hadi. Kula tiang Indonesia. Kulo asli Indonesia.
Kulo manggen wonten ing Jakarta. Kula guru. Kula manggen wonten ing apartemen.

2. Circle the Javanese equivalents for “interpreter,” “teacher” and “student.” Check your work with the
Answer Key.

A. 1. pelayan
2. pulisi
3. juru basa

B. 1. juru rawat
2. guru
3. tiang tani

C. 1. dokter
2. juru rawat
3. murid

3. Produce the questions for the following answers. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. ____________________?
Nami kulo Soeharto.

2. ____________________?
Kula asli Indonesia.

3. ____________________?
Injih (= Inggih) Kula manggen wonten ing Bandung.

4. ____________________?
Kula mboten gadah griya. Kulo gadah apartemen.

5. ____________________?
Inggih (=Injih) kula montir.

39
Vocabulary List

Apartment Apartemen
Apartment building Gedong apartemen
Barracks Asrama militer
Military camp Kam militer
House Griya
Tent Kemah
Room Kamar
Big Ageng
Small Alit
Profession Jabatan
Farmer Tiang tani
Doctor Dokter
Nurse Juru rawat
Laborer Buruh
Teacher Guru
Student Murid
Soldier Tentara, prajurit
Mechanic Montir
Waitress Pelayan
Interpreter Juru basa
Police officer Pulisi
To have Gadah

40
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2

Hotel Hotel
Tent Kemah
Barracks Asrama militer
Room Kamar
Military camp Kam militer
House Gria
Apartment Apartemen
Apartment building Gedong apartemen

Exercise 3
1. Djono lives in a tent at the military camp.
2. Nyonya Tini lives in a small apartment.
3. Sri and Tati live in a big house in Jakarta.
4. Djono lives in a hotel.
5. Slamet and Parman live in the barracks.
6. Harsono and I live in our house.

Exercise 5
1. A. Do you live in a house or in an apartment?
B. I live in a house.
2. A. Do they live in a hotel or in an apartment building?
B. They live in an apartment building.

Exercise 6
Here are sample questions to compare your work against. Your questions may vary compared to the ones
translated below.
Panjenengan manggen wonten kemah utawi asrama militer?
Tiang-tiang punika manggen wonten hotel utawi griya?
Piyambakipun manggen wonten apartemen utawi kam militer?
Piyambakipun manggen wonten kamar utawi griya?
Kita manggen wonten apartemen utawi hotel?

Exercise 7
tent kemah
house griya
military camp kam militer
hotel hotel

41
Exercise 12
1. Profession D. jabatan
2. Doctor G. dokter
3. Nurse E. juru rawat
4. Laborer H. buruh
5. Teacher L. guru
6. Student I. murid
7. Soldier J. tentara
8. Mechanic K. montir
9. Farmer B. tiang tani
10. Police Officer F. pulisi
11. Waitress A. pelayan
12. Interpreter C. juru basa

Exercise 14

A. farmers Tiang-tiang tani

B. teachers Guru-guru
C. interpreter Juru basa-juru basa
D. soldiers Tentara-tentara

End of Lesson Exercise 2

A. 3. juru basa interpreter

B. 2. guru teacher
C. 3. murid student

End of Lesson Exercise 3

1. Nami panjenengan sinten?
2. Panjenengan asli saking pundi?
3. Panjenengan manggen wonten Bandung?
4. Panjenengan gadah griya utawi apartemen?
5. Panjenengan montir?

42
 Lesson 3
Days of the Week, Numbers, Ages of People
Dinten, angka, umur

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Days of the week
- Numbers from 0 to 100
- How to understand and respond to questions about what day it is
- How to ask somebody’s age and say how old you are.

1. Listen to the days of the week and repeat them after the speaker.

Monday Senen
Tuesday Selasa
Wednesday Rebo
Thursday Kemis
Friday Jemuah
Saturday Setu
Sunday Ngaat = Minggu

Read the days of the week several times, practicing pronunciation. Replay the audio if
necessary.

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the
workbook. Work in pairs or in small groups and role-play the dialogues using the names of
the other days of the week.

Ngaat Selasa Kemis Setu Rebo Jemuah

1. What day is it today? Sakmenika dinten menapa?

Today is Monday. Sakmenika dinten Senen.
2. Is today Monday? Sakmenika dinten Senen?
Yes, today is Monday. Inggih, sakmenika dinten Senen.
3. Is today Monday? Dinten menika Senen?
No, today is Tuesday. Sanes, dinten menika Selasa

3. Listen to the pronunciations and read the numbers from 0 to 10.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
enol setunggal kalih tiga sekawan gangsal enem pitu wolu sanga sedasa

43
4. Practice using the numbers. Work with a partner and tell them in Javanese your home
telephone number, work telephone number, address number, etc.

5. Read the following dialogue. Pay attention to the numbers.

A. What is your telephone number? Pinten nomer telepon panjenengan?

B. My telephone number is (360) 984- 0217.
A. What is your house number?
B. My house number is 10456.
Nomer telepon kulo: tiga enem enol sanga wolu
sekawan enol kalih setunggal pitu
Pinten nomer griya panjenengan?
Nomer griyo kula: setunggal enol sekawan
gangsal enem.

6. Role-play the dialogue with a partner using exercise 5 as a model. Pretend one of you is
a receptionist who wants to know the others name, telephone number, and house number.
Ask each other questions and use as many numbers in your answers as you can.

7. Listen to the sentences and write down the missing numbers you hear. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

MODEL:
Nomer telepon kulo gangsal enem pitu wolu sekawan.

1. Nomer telepon kula enem pitu _______ enem gangsal tiga.

2. Nomer telepon kulo sekawan tiga kalih _______ enol setunggal.

3. Nomer telepon kula wolu sanga enem sekawan gangsal ______.

4. Nomer telepon kula sekawan ______ enol enem sanga kalih.

5. Nomer telepon kulo sanga pitu wolu _______enem sekawan gangsal.

8. Listen as the speaker says the numbers 11 to 19. Repeat after the speaker.

11 eleven Sewelas
12 twelve Kalih welas
13 thirteen Tiga welas
14 fourteen Kawan welas
15 fifteen Limolas
16 sixteen Nembelas
17 seventeen Pitulas
18 eighteen Wolulas
19 nineteen Sangalas

44
9. Read the following numbers in the Javanese:

11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 12, 14, 16, 18

Grammar note: For number 20, we say “kalih dasa.” For the numbers 21 to 29 we use the suffix
“likur.” For example, “selikur” for 21, “kalihlikur” for 22 etc. Please see the numbers below.

20 twenty Kalih dasa

21 twenty-one Selikur
22 twenty-two Kalih likur
23 twenty-three Tiga likur
24 twenty-four Kawan likur
25 twenty-five Gangsal likur
26 twenty-six Enem likur
27 twenty-seven Pitu likur
28 twenty-eight Wolu likur
29 twenty-nine Sanga likur

10. Read the texts and translate into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Nami kulo Tini Kula manggen wonten Solo. Kulo pelayan Kula gadah griya. Nomer
griya kula selikur.

2. Parman tentara. Piyambakipun manggen ing gedong apartemen. Nomer apartemenipun

selangkung.

3. Nami piyambakipun Parni. Piyambakipun guru. Piyambakipun manggen wonten ing

nggriya. Nomer griyanipun nembelas.

4. Jono kalian Sri gadah griya wonten kitha Jakarta. Nomer griyanipun kawan welas.

11. Listen to the speaker and circle the number you hear in each row. Check your
work with the Answer Key.

A. 1 - 10 - 21
B. 2 - 12 - 22
C. 3 - 13 - 23
D. 4 - 14 - 24
E. 5 - 15 - 25
F. 6 - 16 - 26
G. 7 - 17 - 27
H. 8 - 18 - 28
I. 9 - 19 - 29

45
Grammar note: Like the numbers 10 and 20, we use the suffix “dasa,” namely “sedasa” (10),
“kalih dasa” (20). We use the same suffix, namely “dasa,” up to number 90, except 50, “seket”
and 60, “sewidak.” ‘For 70, 80 and 90, we use the suffix “dasa.” Please see the numbers below.

12. Listen to the next set of numbers. Repeat after the speaker.

30 thirty Tigang dasa

40 forty Kawan dasa
50 fifty Seket
60 sixty Sewidak
70 seventy Pitung dasa
80 eighty Wolong dasa
90 ninety Sangang dasa
100 one hundred Satus

13. Read the following numbers in the Javanese.

30, 31, 40, 42, 50, 53, 60, 64, 70, 75, 80, 86, 90, 97, 100.

14. Listen to several short exchanges asking about ages. Repeat after the speaker.

1. A. How old are you? Umur panjenengan pinten?

B. I am 32 years old. Kula tigang dasa kalih tahun.

2. A. How old is he? Pinten umur piyambakipun?

B. He is 11. Piyambakipun sewelas tahun.

3. A. How old is she? Umur piyambakipun pinten?

B. She is 86 years old. Piyambakipun wolongpuluh
enem tahun.

4. A. Is she 34 years old? Piyambakipun umur tigang

dasa sekawan?
B. No, she is 35. Mboten, piyambakipun
tigang dasa gangsal tahun.

5. A. Are you 21? Umur panjenengan selikur

tahun?
B. Yes, I am 21. Inggih, umur kula selikur
tahun.

6. A. What is your age? Pinten umur panjenengan?

B. I am 47. Kula patang puluh pitu tahun.

46
15. Tell your classmates in Javanese how old you are and ask them about their ages.

16. Listen and match the age with the name. Check you work with the Answer Key.

Sri 11
Toto 72
Siti 52
Tati 29
Djono 43

47
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following statements in Javanese. Answer the questions that follow
for each statement. Pause or replay the audio as necessary until you understand the
relevant information. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. Hey, nami kula Slamet. Umur kula enem likur tahun. Kula pulisi.

B. Nami piyambakipun Dar. Umuripun kawan dasa. Piyambakipun tentara.

C. Nami piyambakipun Aan. Umuripun kawan dasa sekawan. Piyambakipun guru.

A. What is his/her name?

B. How old is he/she?
C. What is his/her profession?

2. Do the following activities in Javanese.

Ask what day it is.

Say what day it is today.

Ask someone’s age.

Say how old you are.

48
Vocabulary List

Day dinten
Today dinten menika
Year tahun
Monday Senen
Tuesday Selasa
Wednesday Rebo
Thursday Kemis
Friday Jemuah
Saturday Setu
Sunday Ngaat = minggu
Telephone telpon
Number nomer
Age umur
Old Sepuh
How old are you? Umur panjenengan pinten?
What day is it today? Sakmenika dinten menapa?
Today is Monday. Sakmeniko dinten Senen.
I am 25 years old. Umur kula selangkung tahun.
0 zero enol
1 one setunggal
2 two kalih
3 three tiga
4 four sekawan
5 five gangsal
6 six enem
7 seven pitu
8 eight wolu
9 nine sanga
10 ten sedasa
11 eleven sewelas
12 twelve kalih welas
13 thirteen tiga welas
14 fourteen kawan welas
15 fifteen gangsal welas
16 sixteen enembelas
17 seventeen pitulas
18 eighteen wolulas
19 nineteen sangalas
20 twenty kalih dasa
21 twenty-one selikur
22 twenty-two kalih likur
23 twenty-three tiga likur
24 twenty-four kawan likur

49
25 twenty-five selangkung
26 twenty-six enem likur
27 twenty-seven pitu likur
28 twenty-eight wolu likur
29 twenty-nine sanga likur
30 thirty tigang dasa
40 forty kawan dasa
50 fifty seket
60 sixty sewidak
70 seventy pitung dasa
80 eighty wolung dasa
90 ninety sangang dasa
100 one hundred satus

50
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 7
1. 4
2. 5
3. 0
4. 3
5. 2

Exercise 10

1. My name is Tini. I live in Solo. I am a waitress. I have a house. My house number is 21.

2. Parman is a soldier. He lives in an apartment building. His apartment number is 25.

3. Her name is Parni. She is a teacher. She lives in a house. Her house number is 16.

4. Jono and Sri have a house in Jakarta. Their house number is 14.

Exercise 11
A. 10
B. 12
C. 3
D. 24
E. 5
F. 16
G. 27
H. 18
I. 29

Exercise 16

Sri is 52 years old. Umur Sri seket kalih tahun.

Siti is 11 on Friday.
Is Djono 30 years old? No, he is 29.
Tati is 72 years old.
How old is Toto? He is 43.
Umur Siti sewelas tahun dinten Jemuah.
Umuripun Djono tigang dasa tahun?
Mboten, piyambakipun sanga likur tahun.
Umur Tati pitung dasa kalih tahun.
Pinten umur Toto?
Piyambakipun kawan dasa tiga tahun.

End of Lesson
Exercise 1
A. Hi, my name is Slamet. I am 26 years old. I am a police officer.
B. His name is Dar. He is 40. He is a soldier.
C. Her name is Aan. She is 44. She is a teacher.

51
 Lesson 4
Daily Activities
Kesibukan saben dinten

This lesson will introduce you to:

- How to ask for and tell time
- Typical daily activities in Javanese
- The verbs “to go,” “to study,” “to play,” “to work,” “to watch,” “to read,” “to eat,” and
“to get up”
- The past tense of these verbs.

In Javanese, there are two ways to ask the time. One is, “Now what is the time?” (Sakmenika
jam pinten?) The other is “what is the time now?” (Jam pinten sakmenika?)

1. Listen as the speaker tells time in Javanese. Repeat after the speaker.

What time is it? It is four o’clock. What time is it? It is four fifteen.
Sakmenika jam pinten? Jam sekawan. Sakmenika jam pinten? Jam sekawan gangsal welas
menit.

What time is it? It is four thirty. What time is it? It is four forty-five.
Sakmenika pukul (=jam) pinten? Pukul Pukul pinten sakmenika? Pukul sekawan kawandasa
(=jam) setengah gangsal. gangsal menit.

52
 What time is it? It is three twenty. What time is it? It is three forty.
Pukul pinten sakmenika? Pukul tiga Jam pinten sakmenika? Jam tiga kawandasa menit.
kalihdasa menit.

2. What time is it? Fill in the clock faces with the correct times according to how they are
listed in Javanese below. (In Javanese, we do not use military time.) Check your answers in
the Answer Key.

A. tiga tigangdasa siang E. sewelas tigangdasa menit

B. wolu kawandasa gangsal injing F. setunggal seket gangsal menit
C. sedasa enem menit G. kalihwelas siang
D. sanga injing H. sekawan limalas menit siang

A. B. C. D.

E. F. G. H.

53
 3. Listen to the following exchanges and identify the clock time mentioned in each.
Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. 8:15 - 9:00

B. 9:50 - 9:15

C. 5:10 - 8:50

D. 4:13 - 4:30

E. 7: 50 - 7:10

4. Compose dialogues according to the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups.
Use the times listed below.

MODEL:
A. - Jam pinten sakmeniko? = Pukul pinten sakmenika?
B. - Jam kalih siang = Pukul kalih siang.

8:00 am, 7:15 am, 10:30 am, 2:10 pm, 4:45 pm, 6:50 pm, 12:00, 11:05

Study the new verbs and their usage below.

In Javanese the term “You all” is used for “They”.

I go Kula kesah I study Kula sinau

you go Panjenengan kesah you study Panjenengan sinau
he goes Piyambakipun kesah he studies Piyambakiun kesah
we go Kita kesah we study Kita sinau
you all go Panjenengan sedaya kesah you all study Panjenengan sedaya kesah
those people go Tiang-tiang menika kesah those people study Tiang-tiang menika kesah

I work Kula nyambutdamel I watch Kula nonton (informal)

you work Panjenengan nyambutdamel you watch Panjenengan ningali
he works Piyambakipun nyambutdamel he watches Piyambakipun ningali
we work Kita nyambutdamel we watch Kita nonton
you all work Panjenengan sedaya nyambutdamel you all watch Panjenengan sedaya ningali
those people work Tiang-tiang punika nyambutdamel those people watch Tiang-tiang menika ningali

I eat Kula neda I read Kula maos

you eat Panjenengan neda you read Panjenengan maos
he eats Piyambakipun neda he reads Piyambakipun maos
we eat Kita neda we read Kita maos
you all eat Panjenengan sedaya neda you all read Panjenengan sedaya maos
Those people eat Tiang-tiang punika neda Those people read Tiang-tiang menika neda

54
I play Kula dolanan I get up kula tangi (informal)
you play Panjenengan dolanan you get up Panjenengan wungu (formal)
he plays Piyambakipun dolanan he gets up Piyambakipun wungu
You all play Panjenengan sedaya dolanan You all get up Panjenengan sedaya wungu
Those people play Tiang-tiang menika dolanan Those people get up Tiang-tiang menika wungu
we play Kita dolanan we get up Kita tangi

Note: the pronouns ‘kula’ and ‘kita’ are always followed by the informal form of the verb.

5. Listen to the short statements that describe each activity in the pictures below.
Repeat after the speaker. Pay attention to new verbs and other new vocabulary.

They play basketball. She goes to the market.

Tiang-tiang menika main bola Piyambakipun tindak dateng peken.
keranjang.

They study at school. She works in the hospital.

Lare-lare (children) menika sinau Piyambakipun nyambutdamel wonten gria sakit.
wonten sekolah.

55
 He plays soccer. The girl eats lunch.
Piyambakipun bal-balan. Lare estri menika neda siang.

The man reads a book. The woman watches television.

Tiyang jaler menika maos buku. Tiyang estri menika ningali televisi.

Grammar note: In Javanese, like in English, prepositions should be learned with the words they
go with. In other words, learn them in phrases. For example, “go to school” = kesah dateng
sekolah, “at school” = “wonten sekolah,” “on the table” = “wonten nginggil meja,” and “in the
room” = “wonten kamar.”

6. Listen to the following statements in Javanese and repeat after the speaker.
Follow along in the workbook. Replay the audio if necessary.

A. The boy goes to school at 7:30. Lare jaler menika kesah sekolah jam pitu tigangdasa menit.
B. The man eats breakfast at seven o’clock. Tiang jaler menika neda sarapan pukul pitu.
C. The woman watches television in the evening. Tiang estri menika ningali televisi sonten.
D. The girl studies at home in the afternoon. Lare estri menika sinau wonten ing nggriyo sonten.
E. Sarinah goes to the market in the morning. Sarinah kesah dateng peken injing.
F. Surono plays soccer on Friday. Surono bal-balan dinten Jemuah.
G. I get up at 7:00. Kula tangi jam pitu.

56
7. Match the following sentences with the pictures below. Check your answers with the
Answer Key.

1. Kula kesah sekolah jam sanga tigang dasa.

2. Tiang-tiang menika sarapan jam pitu.
3. Kita sinau enjing.
4. Piyambakipun maos buku sonten.

A #______________ B #_______________

C #____________ D #_________________

8. Read the following text and answer the questions below in complete sentences in
Javanese. If you have any difficulty you may go to the Answer Key to check the text or the
questions in English. Check your answers to the questions with the Answer Key.

Hasan murid. Piyambakipun sinau wonten sekolah. Saben dinten piyambakipun wungu jam pitu
gangsalwelas menit.
Piyambakipun sarapan jam pitu tigangdasa menit. Piyambakipun kesah dateng sekolah jam wolu.
Saksampunipun sekolah, piyambakipun main bola keranjang.
Piyambakipun maos buku-buku lan ningali televisi ndalu. Hasan mboten sinau dinten Setu lan
dinten Minggu.

1. Menapa Hasan Guru? (= Hasan guru?)

2. Piyambakipun sekolah wonten pundi?
3. Jam pitu gangsalwelas menit, pyambakipun sawek menapa?
4. Jam pinten piyambakipun sarapan? (=Kapan piyambakipun sarapan?)
5. Jam wolu, piyambakipun sawek menapa?
6. Kapan piyambaipun main bola keranjang?
7. Sonten, piyambakipun menapa?
8. Piyambakipun sinau dinten Setu lan Minggu?

57
9. Rearrange the following statements into a logical order for a daily schedule. Check your
work with the Answer Key.

1. Kula kesah neda siang kalian kanca-kanca kula.

2. Kula nonton televisi.
3. Kula kesah sekolah.
4. Kula neda ndalu kalian kanca kula.
5. Kula main bola keranjang.
6. Kula sarapan.
7. Kula sinau wonten griya.

10. Tell your partner about your daily schedule. Use the words and word combinations
given below.

Saben dinten Tangi Neda sarapan Kesah nyambut Neda siang

damel

Main bola Kesah dateng Maos buku Ningali televisi = sonten

keranjang peken (Informal)
nonton televisi

11. Listen to five short statements. Circle the English statement that is the
equivalent to each Javanese statement you hear. Replay the audio as many times as you
need. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. A. I play soccer after school.

B. I play soccer after dinner.
C. I play soccer after work.

2. A. She goes to the market in the evening.

B. She goes to the market in the afternoon.
C. She goes to the market in the morning.

3. A. I go to work in the morning.

B. I go to school in the morning.
C. I go to the market in the morning.

4. A. I study at home on Saturday.

B. I play soccer at home on Saturday.
C. I eat breakfast at home on Saturday.

5. A. He watches television in the afternoon.

B. He watches television in the evening.
C. He watches television in the morning.

58
 Study these new verbs and their usage.

I went Kula kesah I studied Kula sinau

you went Panjenengan kesah you studied Kula sinau
he went Piyambaikpun kesah he studied Piyambakipun sinau
we went Kita kesah we studied Kita sinau
you all went Panjenengan sedaya kesah you all studied Panjenengan sedaya sinau
those people went Tiang-tiang kesah those people studied Tiang-tiang sinau

I worked Kula nyambutdamel I watched Kula nonton

you worked Panjenengan nyambutdamel you watched Panjenengan ningali
he worked Piyambakipun nyambutdamel he watched Piyambakipun ningali
we worked Kita nyambutdamel we watched Kita nonton
you all worked Panjenengan sedaya you all watched Panjejengan sedaya ningali
nyambutdamel
those people worked Tiang-tiang menika those people watched Tiang-tiang meniko ningali
nyambutdamel

I ate Kula neda I read Kula maos

you ate Panjenengan neda you read Panjenengan maos
he ate Piyambakipun neda he read Piyambakipun maos
we ate Kita neda we read Kita maos
you all ate Panjenengan sedaya neda you all read Panjenengan sedaya maos
those people ate Tiang-tiang meniko neda those people read Tiang-tiang menika maos

I played Kula dolayan I got up Kula tangi

you played Panjenengan dolanan you got up Panjenengan wungu
he played Piyambakipun dolanan he got up Piyambakiun wungu
we played Kita dolanan we got up Kita tangi
you all played Panjenengan sedaya dolanan you all got up Panjenengan sedaya wungu
those people played Tiang-tiang menika dolanan those people got up Tiang-tinag menika wungu

12. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with
the Answer Key.

1. Wingi, kula kesah dateng sekolah.

2. Tahun kepengker, kula lan kanca-kanca kula main bola keranjang.

3. Tiang-tiang menika kesah belanja minggu kepengker.

4. Wingi, kula wonten nggriya jam sanga.

59
5. Kita neda ndalu jam enem wingi.

6. Lare jaler menika sinau musik lan matematika wonten ing sekolah tahun kepengker.

7. Lare estri menika ningali televisi wingi.

8. Minggu kepengker, kula maos buku.

9. Setunggal tahun kepengker, kula wonten Jakarta.

10. Kita gadah gria wonten Bandung kalih tahun kepengker.

Grammar note: Adverbs of time are usually placed at the beginning or end of a sentence.
yesterday = wingi
Wingi kula nonton film. = Kula nonton film wingi.

Last year /week /Sunday = tahun kepengker/ minggu kepengker/ Minggu kepengker
Tahun kepengker kula gadah gria kalih. = Kula gadah gria kalih tahun kepengker.

a year ago = setahun kepengker

Setahun kepengker kula wonten Amerika. = Kula wonten Amerika setahun kepengker.

13. Complete the following sentences using the verbs located in the box below. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

sinau main wonten nonton tangi; kesah nyambutdamel neda

(formal: (formal :
ningali) wungu)

1. Kula … jam pitu wingi.

2. Kula … sarapan kalian tiang sepuh kula.

3. Kula … belanja Minggu kepengker.

4. Kula … bola basket Senen kepengker.

5. Kula … televisi wingi.

6. Kulo … hotel tahun kepengker.

7. Kula … wonten ing sekolah tigang tahun kepengker.

8. Kula … dateng Bandung minggu kepengker.

60
 14. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Make up similar
dialogues using the words and word combinations given below. Work in pairs or in small
groups.

A. Wingi, panjenengan menapa? = Wingi panjengan wonten pundi? (=Where were you yesterday?)
B. Wingi, kula nonton televisi.
A. Pinten dangunipun panjenengan ningali televisi?
B. Setunggal jam.

Please note: In Javanese, we always use the ‘informal verb’ after the words “I” and “we.”
The formal verb is used to show respect, as when you talk to someone older or someone you
should respect. We don’t say, for example, “Kula wungu.” ‘Wungu’ is the formal word for
“to get up,” but we use the informal word of “to get up,” which is “tangi.”

15. Make up similar dialogues using more words and word combinations given below.
Work in pairs or in small groups.

1. wingi Nonton televisi (formal: ningali televisi) Setunggal jam

2. wingi Kesah belanja Kalih jam
3. tahun kepengker Nyambutdamel wonten hotel Kawan minggu
4. tahun kepengker Sinau wonten sekolah Wolung minggu
5. Minggu kepengker Maos buku Setuggal jam
6. setahun kepengker Main bola keranjang Enem minggu
7. setahun kepengker Wonten Indonesia Kalih minggu

61
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following statements read in Javanese. Circle the times you hear.
Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. 6:30 - 5:30
2. 6:00 - 7:00
3. 9:30 - 8:30
4. 5:30 - 5:45
5. in the morning - in the evening
6. 6:00 - 8:00

2. Listen to and read the following text in Javanese. Put T (True) or F (False) next to
the statements that are written below the text. Check your work with the Answer Key.

Hey. Nami kula Suraya. Kula manggen wonten Bandung. Kula gadah gria alit. Kula guru wonten
sekolah ngriki. Kula mucal matematika lan musik. Saben dinten kula tangi jam enem. Kula
sarapan, lajeng kesah dateng sekolah. Kula wonten sekolah jam wolu. Dinten Selasa lan Kemis
kula main sepak bola kalih jam. Sak sampunipun mucal, kula kesah belanja. Kula wonten
nggriya jam gangsal. Sonten, kula nonton televisi setunggal jam, lan maos buku kalih jam.

1. _______ The man lives in Bandung.

2. _______ He lives in a small house.
3. _______ He is a student.
4. _______ He studies math and music.
5. _______ Everyday he gets up at 6:00 a.m.
6. _______ He does not have breakfast.
7. _______ He is at school at 8:00.
8. _______ Suraya plays soccer on Saturday and Monday for 3 hours.
9. _______ He goes shopping after school.
10. _______ In the evening he works for 2 hours.

3. Describe your daily schedule of activities, including the times, in Javanese. For example,
start with what time you get up, then eat breakfast, etc. “I get up at 6:00 and eat breakfast
at 6:30. I go to school at …”

4. Find out what your partner did yesterday at 7:00 am, 7:30 am, 10:00 am, 1:00 pm, 4:00
pm, and 8:00 pm, and how long each activity lasted. Work in pairs or in small groups.

62
Vocabulary List
After saksampunipun
In the morning injing
In the afternoon sonten
In the evening sore
Everyday saben dinten
Last week minggu kepengker
A year ago setahun kepengker
Last Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.) Minggu kepengker (Senen, Selasa, lan sanesipun)
At school wonten sekolah
Math matematika
Music musik
Book buku
Breakfast sarapan
Lunch neda siang
Dinner neda ndalu
Home wonten gria
At home wonten gria
Market pasar/peken
On Sunday (Monday, Tuesday…) dinten Minggu (Senin, Selasa, …)
To go (to) kesah dateng
To go shopping kesah belanja
To play soccer/basketball main sepak bola/bola keranjang
To watch television nonton/ningali televisi
To eat breakfast (lunch, dinner) neda sarapan (neda siang, neda ndalu)
To get up/wake up tangi (informal)/ wungu (formal)
To read maos
To study sinau
To work nyambutdamel
What time is it? Jam pinten?/ Pukul pinten?
It is three o’clock. Jam tiga/ Pukul tiga
When kapan
Man tiang jaler
Woman tiang estri
Boy lare jaler
Girl lare estri

63
 ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
A. three thirty pm E. eleven thirty pm
B. eight forty-five am F. thirteen fifty-five
C. ten after six G. twelve o’clock
D. zero nine hundred H. four fifteen

Exercise 3
A. 8:15 am
B. 9:50
C. 5:10
D. 4:30 pm
E. 7:10

Exercise 7
A 3. We study in the morning.
B 1. I go to school at 9:30.
C. 2. They eat breakfast at 7:00.
D 4. She reads a book in the evening.

Exercise 8
Hasan is a student. He studies at school. Everyday he gets up at 7:15. He has breakfast at 7:30.
He goes to school at 8:00. After school he plays basketball. He reads books and watches TV in
the evening. Hasan does not study on Saturday and Sunday.

1. Is Hasan a teacher? No, Hasan is a student. Sanes, Hasan sanes murid.

2. Where does he study? He studies at school.
3. What does he do at 7:15? He gets up at 7:15.
4. When does he have breakfast? He has breakfast
at 7:30.
5. What does he do at 8:00? He goes to school at
8:00.
6. When does he play basketball? He plays
basketball after school.
7. What does he do in the evening? He reads books
and watches TV in the evening.
8. Does he study on Saturday and Sunday?
No, Hasan does not study on Saturday and
Sunday.
Piyambakipun sinau wonten sekolah.
Piyambakipun wungu jam tuju gangsal welas menit.
Piyambakiun sarapan pukul tuju tigang dasa menit.
Piyambakipun kesah dateng sekolah jam wolu.
Piyambakipun main bola basket saksampunipun
sekolah.
Piyambakipun maos buku-buku lan ningali teleivisi
wanci sonten.
Mboten, Hasan mboten sinau dinten Setu lan
Minggu.

Exercise 9
Your answers may vary. However, did you understand the statements?
6. I eat breakfast. Kula sarapan = Kula neda sarapan.
3. I go to school. Kula kesah sekolah.
1. I go to lunch with my friends. Kula neda siang kalian kanca-kanca kula.

64
 5. I play basketball. Kula main bola keranjang.
4. I eat dinner with my friend. Kela neda ndalu kalian kanca kula.
7. I study at home. Kula sinau wonten nggria.
2. I watch television. Kula nonton televisi.

Exercise 11
1. B I play soccer after dinner. Kula main sepak bola saksampunipun neda ndalu.
2. C She goes to the market in the morning. Piyambakipun kesah dateng pasar injing.
3. A I go to work in the morning. Kula kesah nyambutdamel injing.
4. B I play soccer at home on Saturday. Kula main sepak bola dinten Setu.
5. A He watches television in the afternoon. Piyambakipun ningali televisi sonten.

Exercise 12
1. Yesterday I went to school.
2. Last year my friends and I played basketball.
3. They went shopping last week.
4. I was at home at 9:00 yesterday.
5. We ate dinner at 6:00 yesterday.
6. The boy studied music and math at school last year.
7. The girl watched television yesterday.
8. Last Sunday I read a book.
9. I was in Jakarta a year ago.
10. We had a house in Bandung two years ago.

Exercise 13

1. Kula tangi jam pitu wingi. (Formal: wungu) I got up at 7:00 yesterday.
2. Kula neda sarapan kalian tiang sepuh kula. I ate breakfast with my parents.
3. Kula kesah belanja dinten Minggu. I went shopping last Sunday.
4. Kula main bola keranjang dinten Senen kepengker. I played basketball last Monday.
5. Kula nonton televisi wingi. (Formal: ningali) I watched television yesterday.
6. Kula wonten hotel menika tahun kepengker. I was at the hotel last year.
7. Kula sinau wonten sekolah tigang tahun kepengker. I studied at school three years ago.
8. Kula kesah dateng Bandung minggu kepengker. I went to Bandung last week.

End of Lesson Exercise 1

1. 6:30
2. 7:00
3. 9:30
4. 5:45
5. in the morning
6. 8:00

65
Exercise 2
1. T Tiang jaler menika manggen wonten Jakarta. The man lives in Jakarta.
2. T Piyambakipun manggen wonten gria alit. He lives in a small house.
3. F Piyambakipun murid. He is a student.
4. F Piyambakipun sinau matematika lan musik. He studies math and music.
5. T Saben dinten piyambakipun wungu pukul enem. Everyday he gets up at 6:00 a.m.
6. F Piyambakipun mboten nedo sarapan. He does not have breakfast.
7. T Piyambakipun wonten ing sekolah jam wolu. He is at school at 8:00.
8. F Sunarto main sepak bola dinten Setu lan Senen tigang jam. Sunarto plays soccer on
Saturday and Monday for 3 hours.
9. T Piyambakipun kesah belanja saksampunipun saking sekolah. He goes shopping after
school.
10. F Sonten, piyambakipun nyambut damel kalih jam. In the evening he works for 2 hours.

Hey, nami kulo Suraya. Kula manggen wonten Bandung. Kula gadah gria alit. Kula guru ing
sekolah ngriki. Kula mucal matematika lan musik. Saben dinten kula tangi jam enem. Kula
sarapan, lajeng kesah dateng sekolah. Kula wonten sekolah jam wolu. Dinten Selasa lan Kemis
kula main sepak bola kalih jam. Saksampunipun saking sekolah, kula kesah belanja. Kula
wonten griya jam gangsal. Sonten, kula nonton televisi lan maos buku kalih jam.

Hello. My name is Suraya. I live in Bandung. I have a small house. I am a teacher at this
school. I teach math and music. Everyday I get up at 6:00 a.m. I eat breakfast and go to school.
I am at school at 8:00 a.m. On Tuesday and Thursday I play soccer for 2 hours. After school, I
go shopping. I am home at 5:00. In the evening I watch TV for an hour and read books for 2
hours.

66
 Lesson 5
Meeting the Family
Pinanggih keluarga

This lesson will introduce you to:

- The kinship terms used for immediate and extended family
- How to ask and answer simple questions about family members
- The pronouns “who,” “this,” “that,” “these,” and “those.”

Patriarchy is the anthropological term used to define the sociological condition where fathers have supreme
authority within families and male members of a society tend to predominate in positions of power; and the
more powerful the position, the more likely it is that a male will hold that position. This social system is
especially prevalent among the Batak people, in Northern Sumatra. But generally speaking, in most areas in
Indonesia, the husband is the head of the family.

Whether a family stays with his or her parents, depends on the financial status of the person. Those who earn
enough money, move out of their parents’ home as soon as they can, usually after they get married. According
to several sources, an Indonesian family on average has four children. In the past, the more children for the
parents, the better, because the children helped their parents cultivate the land. It is not the case any more.

The stereotypical, traditional role of the Indonesian woman used to go like this. She is the stalwart of the
household, deeply pious, succumbing to the unquestioned authority of her husband, and sacrificing everything
for the children. She is a demure wife, great cook, and an endless source of maternal wisdom.

This is not so much the case in current times. Indonesia has had a female president and there are many
successful Indonesian women politicians and entrepreneurs.

The role of a family is very important in Indonesia. Many families are still what you call old-fashioned where
almost everything is decided by the main breadwinner, which in most cases is the father. In modern Indonesia
though, a number of families hold meetings to decide how to spend their money and what to buy.

Research has been conducted in a small town in East Java, which illustrated five decision making patters. First,
decisions are solely made by the husband. Second, decisions are solely made by the wife. Third, decisions are
made both by the husband and the wife, but are dominated by the wife. Forth, decisions are made by both the
husband and the wife, but dominated by the husband. And fifth, decisions are equally made by both the husband
and the wife. In domestic affairs, wives are prone to make decisions on their own. But, in matters relating to the
use of income, family finances, outdoor activities, channeling aspiration, child bearing and education, as well as
health of the family, all of these decisions are made by both the husband and the wife.

67
1. Look at these photos of families. Listen to the kinship terms and repeat after the speaker.

68
 Family Keluarga
Parents Tiang sepuh
Mother Ibu
Father Bapak
Children Putra putri (Informal: Anak-anak)
Daughter Putri (Informal: Anak estri)
Son Putra (Informal: Anak jaler)
Grandparents Embah putri lan embah kakung
Grandfather Embah kakung
Grandmother Embah putri
Sister Older sister Mbakyu (Informal: Sederek estri)
Brother Older brother Kangmas; mas (Informal: Sederek jaler)

Grammar note:
“Who” = sinten (Tiang menika sinten? = Who’s that person?)
“This” = niki (Niki bukunipun sinten? = Whose book is this?)
“These” is the same as “this”
“That” = menika = niku ( Menika bukunipun sinten? Niku bukunipun sinten? = Whose book is that?)
“Those” is the same as “menika,” utawi “niku.”

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat them after the speaker. Role-play the dialogues
using the pictures above.

1. A. Who is this? Niki sinten?

B. This is my mother. Niki ibu kula.

2. A. Who is that? Niku (=menika) sinten?

B. That is my sister. Menika mbakyu kula? = Menika sederek estri kula.

3. A. Who are these people? Sinten tiang-tiang niki?

B. They are my parents. Tiang-tiang niki tiang sepuh kula.

4. A. Who are they? Tiang-tiang niki sinten?

B. They are my grandparents. Tiang-tiang niki eyang kakung lan eyang putri kula.

3. Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Ibu kalian bapak kula gadah anak jaler setunggal lan anak estri kalih.

2. Kula manggen wonten griya embah kakung tuwin embah putri kula wonten ing griya ageng.

3. Tiang sepuh kula manggen wonten Bandung. Tiang sepuh kula kekalih buruh.

4. Kula gadah sederek jaler kalih. Sederek kula kekalih tentara. Sederek kula kekalih manggen wonten kam
militer.

69
 5. Piyambakipun gadah sederek estri. Naminipun Nona.

6. Umur mas kula tigang ndasa tahun. Piyambaikpun gadah anak jaler setunggal lan anak estri setunggal.

4. Talk about your mother/father/sister/brother/grandfather/grandmother according to the model below

and include the following information:

1. name
2. age
3. occupation
4. where they live (city and type of residence)

MODEL:
Niki bapak kula. Naminipun Prapto. Umuripun kawan dasa wolu tahun. Piyambakipun guru. Piyambakipun
manggen wonten Surabaya. Piyambakipun gadah griya alit.

5. Create questions in Javanese to the following answers. Check your work with the Answer Key for
some suggested questions.

1. __________________?
Inggih. Niki mas kula.
2. __________________?
Naminipun Narto.
3. ___________________?
Piyambakipun manggen wonten Solo.
4. ___________________?
Piyambakipun dokter.
5. ____________________?
Piyambakipun kesah nyambutdamel dinten Senen.
6. _____________________?
Mboten, piyambakipun main baseball dinten Selasa.

6. Listen to the audio. Circle the word you hear. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. mother - father
2. daughter - son
3. family - parents
4. children - grandparents
5. sister - brother
6. grandmother - grandfather

70
 7. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook.

Husband Bojo
Wife Simah
Married Sampun kawin
Unmarried/Single Jaka; dereng kawin

8. Finish the sentences by filling in the blanks with the words in the boxes located above the sentences.
Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1.
Anak jaler Umuripun Umuripun tigang piyambakipun Sampun kawin piyambakipun dokter
gangsal tahun dasa tahun

Kangmas kula____________Simahipun____________Nami _____________Narti.

Piyambakipun______________
Tiang-tiang menika gadah_______________Piyambakipun_________________Nami_______________Narto.

2.
Sampun Piyambakipun Umuripun Anak- Priyambakipun Sederek Umuripun Tentara Tiang-
kawin wolung anak istri sedasa tiang
tahun estri tahun menika

Narti gadah_____________ Nami _________________Tuti. Piyambakipun______________

Bojonipun _____________Nami ________________Toto. Toto lan simahipun gadah______________kalih.
Nami______________Nani lan Nini. Nani langkung sepuh lan piyambakipun ______________ Nini
_________________

9. Make up short stories in Javanese about the people listed below. Check the answer key to view the
phrases below in English.

1. Aan sampun kawin, umuripun tigang dasa setunggal tahun. Bojonipun kuli, gadah anak jaler
lan anak estri.

2. Ben sampun kawin, umuripun wolu likur tahun, semahipun guru, mboten gadah anak.

3. Mari dereng kawin, umuripun kalih dasa tahun, tasih manggen wonten griya tiang sepuhipun;
piyambakipun pelajar, gadah sederek jaler.

71
 10. Listen to several short dialogues as people answer questions about their family members.
Circle the correct answer for each question. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. A. Sinten piyambaikpun?
B. Piyambakipun ibu kula/ mbakyu kula/ eyang putri kula.

2. A. Piyambakipun sampun kawin?

B. Dereng, piyambakipun dereng kawin / dokter/ umuripun selangkung tahun.

3. A. Sinten piyambakipun?
B. Piyambakipun semah kula /bojo kula/ bapak kula.

4. A. Piyambakipun sampun kawin?

B. Inggih, piyambakipun sampun kawin / dereng, dereng kawin/ tentara.

5. A. Sinten tiang-tiang menika?

B. enika tiang sepuh kula/ anak-anak kula/ eyang kakung lang eyang putri kula.

6. A. Tiang-tiang menika manggen wonten pundi?

B. Menika manggen wonten asrama militer/ wonten kemah/ wonten apartemen.

7. A. Panjenengan gadah sederek jaler?

B. Inggih, kula gadah sederek jaler kalih / sederek estri kalih/ anak jaler kalih.

8. A. Sinten menika?
B. Menika semah kula/ ibu kula/ bojo kula.

9. A. Piyambakipun gadah anak?

B. Inggih, piyambakipun gadah sederek jaler kalih /sederek estri kalih/ anak jaler kalih.

11. Read and translate the text. Put T (True) or F (False) next to the statements below. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

Tono gadah eyang kakung lan eyang putri. Eyang kakung tuwin eyang putrinipun Tono manggen wonten
griyanipun Tono lan keluarganipun. Tono mboten gadah sederek jaler. Piyakbakipun gadah sederek estri kalih.
Kekalihipun mahasiswa. Tono sampun kawin. Semahipun dokter. Tono lan semahipun gadah anak estri lan
jaler.

1. ________ Tono has parents.

2. ________ Tono is married.
3. ________ He has two sisters.
4. ________ Tono and his wife are students.
5. ________ Tono is a doctor.
6. ________ Tono has two children.

72
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Give a brief description in Javanese of your immediate family. Include the age, name, and profession
of each person, and tell whether each person is married or single, and where he or she lives. If you want
to, use real pictures of your family members.

2. Ask your classmate in Javanese about his/her mother/father/sister/brother/etc. What are their names,
how old are they, where do they live, and what are their professions?

3. Work in small groups. Describe the pictures below. Use new vocabulary.

73
Vocabulary List

Parents Tiang sepuh

Father Bapak
Mother Ibu
Children Anak-anak
Son Anak jaler; (formal: putra)
Daughter Anak estri; (formal: putri)
Brother Kangmas; mas (older brother) Sederek jaler (male sibling)
Sister Mbakyu (older sister) Sederek estri (female sibling)
Grandparents Eyang kakung lan eyang putri
Grandmother Eyang putri
Grandfather Eyang kakung
Husband Bojo
Wife Semah
Married Sampun kawin
Unmarried/single Dereng kawin (not yet married) Tasih joko (still bachelor)
Who is this/that? Sinten niki?
Who are these/those? Sinten niki?
This/that is… Niki/Menika …
These/those are… Niki/Menika …

74
ANSWER KEY

Exercise 3
1. My mother and father have one son and two daughters.
2. I live with my grandparents in a big house.
3. His parents live in Bandung. They are laborers.
4. I have two brothers. They are soldiers. They live in a military camp.
5. She has a sister. Her name is Noni.
6. My brother is 30 years old. He has a son and a daughter.

Exercise 5
These are some possible questions. Yours may vary slightly.

1.Menika sederek jaler panjenengan? Is this your brother?

2.Sinten naminipun? What is his name?
3.Piyambakipun manggen wonten pundi? Where does he live?
4. Nyambutdamel menapa piyambakipun? What is his occupation?
5.Kapan piyambakipun kesah nyambutdamel? When does he go to work?
6.Piyambakipun nyambutdamel dinten Selasa? Does he work on Tuesday?

Exercise 6
1. Father
2. Daughter
3. Family
4. Grandparents
5. Sister
6. Grandfather

Exercise 8
1. Kangmas kula sampun kawin. Umur semahipun tigang dasa tahun. Naminipun Narti. Piyambakipun dokter.
Kangmas kula lan Narti gadah anak jaler. Umuripun gangsal tahun. Naminipun Narto.

1. My brother is married. His wife is 30 years old. Her name is Narti. She is a doctor.
They have a son. He is 5 years old. His name is Narto.

2. Narti gadah sederek estri. Naminipun Tuti. Piyambakipun sampun kawin. Bojonipun tentara. Nami
piyambakipun Toto. Toto lan semahipun gadah anak estri kalih. Nami piyambakipun Nani dan Nini. Nani
langkung sepuh; umuripun sedasa tahun. Nini umuripun wolung tahun.

2. Narti has a sister. Her name is Tuti. She is married.

Her husband is a soldier. His name is Toto. They have two daughters.
Their names are Nani and Nini. Nani is older and is 10 years old. Nini is 8 years old.

75
Exercise 9
1. Ann – married, 31 years old, her husband, a laborer, a son and a daughter.
2. Ben – married, 28 years old, his wife, a teacher, no children.
3. Mari – single, 20 years old, with her parents, a student, a brother.

Exercise 10

1. Who is she? She is my sister.

1. Sinten piyambakipun? Piyambakipun mbakyu kula.
2. Is she married? No, she is single.
2. Piyambakipun sampun kawin? Dereng, piyambakipun dereng kawin.
3. Who is he? He is my husband.
3. Sinten piyambakipun? Piyambakipun bojo kula.
4. Is he married? Yes, he is
4. Piyambakipun sampun kawin? Inggih, piyambakipun sampun kawin.
5. Who are they? They are my children.
5. Sinten tiyang-tiyang menika? Menika anak-anak kula.
6. Where do they live? They live in the apartment.
6. Tiang-tiang menika manggen wonten punti? Manggen wonten apartemen.
7. Do you have any brothers? Yes, I have two brothers.
7. Panjenengan gadah sederek jaler? Inggih, kula gadah sederek jaler kalih.
8. Who is that? That is my wife.
8. Sinten menika? Menika semah kula.
9. Does she have any children? Yes, she has two sons.
9. Piyambakipun gadah anak? Inggih, piyambakipun gadah anak jaler kalih.

Exercise 11
1. F Tono has parents.
2. T Tono is married.
3. T He has two sisters
4. F Tono and his wife are students.
5. F Siti is a doctor.
6. T Siti has two children.

Sumarno has a grandfather and a grandmother. They live with Tono and his family. Tono has no brothers. He
has two sisters. They are students. Tono is married. His wife is a doctor. Tono and his wife have a daughter
and a son.

76
 Lesson 6
Around Town
Sekeliling kitha

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Cardinal directions
- Names of urban buildings and landmarks
- How to ask and answer questions about the locations of places and buildings.

1. Listen to and repeat the cardinal directions.

North ler
Northwest Ler kilen Northeast Ler wetan

West Kilen East Wetan

Southwest Kidul kilen Southeast Kidul wetan

South Kidul

2. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in
your workbook.

Jakarta is north of Bogor Jakarta wonten leripun Bogor

Djokja is west of Solo Djokja wonten kilenipun Solo
Bogor is south of Jakarta. Bogor wonten kidulipun Jakarta
Solo is east of Djokja Solo wonten wetanipun Djokja

77
3. Work with a partner. Tell each other where certain cities or locations are in relation to
other cities or locations. Compose sentences according to the exercise above and the model
below.

MODEL:
1. Los Angeles is south of San Francisco.
Los Angeles wonten kidulipun San Francisco.
2. The apartment building is east of the military camp.
Gedong apartemen menika wonten wetanipun kam militer.

4. Topographical features and urban buildings and landmarks are useful reference
points when getting to know a new area or for giving and receiving directions. Listen to a
list of common sites and features. Repeat after the speaker while following along in the
workbook.

Airport Bandara
Bank Bank
Building Gedong
House Griya
Bus station Setasiun bis
Train station Setasiun sepur
Police station Kantor pulisi
Café Kafe
Restaurant Restoran; lestoran; rumah makan
Church/mosque/temple Gereja/mesjid/candi
Movie theater Gedong bioskop
Hospital Griya sakit
Market Pasar
Pharmacy Apotek
Post office Kantor pos
Store Toko
Park Taman
Factory Pabrik
Bridge Kreteg
Farm Tanah pertanian
Field Sawah
Forest Alas; Ngalas
Lake Telaga
Mountain Gunung
River Kali

78
5. Match the English word in the left column with the Javanese equivalent in the right
column. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Airport A. Pabrik
2. Bank B. Griya sakit
3. Bus Station C. Bandara
4. Café D. Apotik
5. Church E. Restoran
6. Movie Theater F. Taman
7. Factory G. Kantor pos
8. Hospital H. Setasiun bis
9. Park I. Bank
10. Pharmacy J. Kafe
11. Post Office K. Gedong bioskop
12. Restaurant L. Gereja

6. Translate the following sentences from Javanese into English. Check your work with
the Answer Key.

1. Pasar meniko wonten kidulipun bank.

2. Kali menika wonten wetanipun gunung-gunung.

3. Bandara menika wonten kilenipun hotel.

4. Gunung-gunung lan telaga-telaga menika wonten wetanipun alas.

5. Kali menika wonten kidulipun tanah pertanian.

6. Gedong bioskop menika wonten wetanipun griya sakit.

7. Telaga menika wonten leripun taman.

79
7. Practice composing and pronouncing the vocabulary. Create sentences according to the
model. Use the words below.

MODEL:
Taman menika wonten wetanipun kantor pos.

1. bandara wonten wetanipun telaga

2. Bank wonten kidulipun griya sakit
3. Apotek wonten kilenipun kantor pos
4. Kreteg wonten leripun kali
5. Setasiun bis wonten wetanipun kantor pulisi
6. Pabrik wonten kidulipun gunung
7. Tanah pertanian wonten kilenipun sawah
8. Taman wonten leripun telaga

8. Listen to the speaker and circle the term you hear. Check your answers with the
Answer Key.

1. Ler Kilen Kidul

2. Bank Taman Kreteg
3. Setasiun sepur Setasiun bis Bandara
4. Restoran Kafe Pabrik
5. Kantor pos Apotik Griya-sakit
6. Gereja Gedong bioskop Pabrik
7. Telaga Kali Tanah pertanian
8. Gedong Kreteg Gunung

9. Listen to the following words and word combinations and repeat after the speaker.
Follow along in your workbook.
“Where is … (the bank)?” = Wonten punti bank?

In front of…… Wonten ngajeng

Next to…… Wonten sebelah
Between…… and…… Wonten antawis … lan …
Around the corner from…… (Near) Celak saking …
Across from…… Wonten seberang
Behind Wonten wingking
Near Celak
Far from Tebih saking
Near from Celak saking
Above Wonten nginggil
Below Wonten ngandap

80
 10. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Then
translate the dialogues into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Wonten pundi telaga? Wonten sebelahipun alas.

2. Pasar wonten pundi? Pasar wonten antawis kantor pulisi lan gereja.
3. Wonten pundi kantor pos? Kantor pos wonten celak griya sakit.
4. Wonten pundi setasiun sepur? Setasiun sepur wonten ngajengipun taman.
5. Wonten pundi kafe? Kafe wonten ngajeng hotel.

11. Work with a partner. Compose similar dialogues using the words in the box below the
dialogue. Role-play your dialogues.
Model:
A. Nyuwun pangapunten, pak. Taman wonten pundi?
A. Excuse me, Sir. Where is the park?
B. Taman wonten ngajeng griya sakit.
B. The park is in front of the hospital.
A. Matur nuwun.
A. Thank you.
B. Sami-sami.
B. You are welcome.

1. taman wonten ngajeng griya sakit

2. bandara wonten ngajeng setasiun bis
3. alas wonten sebelah gunung
4. kantor pulisi celak saking gedong bioskop
5. gereja wonten antawis pabrik lan taman

81
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate each phrase into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. Restoran wonten sebelah hotel.

B. Taman wonten ler telaga.

C. Bank wonten antawis gereja lan setasiun bis.

D. Pasar wonten kidul kreteg.

E. Kafe wonten ngajeng toko buku.

F. Sawah wonten ngajeng tanah pertanian.

2. Work with a partner or in small groups. In Javanese, come up with a list of the facilities
on your base. Then draw a schematic map of the base. Now describe the locations of each
facility. Use the following vocabulary: a store, a hospital, a police station, a movie theater,
a park, a hotel, a church, an airfield, a restaurant, a forest, and your language training
facility. Use the prepositions: between, next to, across from, in front of.

82
Vocabulary List

Across from Wonten seberang

Airport Bandara
Around the corner from Celak; mboten tebih
Bank Bank
Between Antawis
Bridge Kreteg
Bus station Setasiun bis
Café Kafe
Church/mosque/temple Gereja/mesjid/candi
East Wetan
Factory Pabrik
Farm Tanah pertanian
Field Sawah
Forest Alas
Hospital Griya sakit
In front of Wonten ngajeng
Lake Telaga
Market Pasar
Mountain Gunung
Movie Theater Gedong bioskop
Next to Wonten sebelah
North Ler
Park Taman
Pharmacy Apotek, toko obat
Police station Kantor polisi
Post office Kantor pos
Restaurant Restoran; lestoran; rumah makan
River Kali
South Kidul
Store Toko
Train station Setasiun sepur
West Kilen
Where Wonten pundi

83
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 5
1. C 7. A
2. I 8. B
3. H 9. F
4. J 10. D
5. L 11. G
6. K 12. E

Exercise 6
1. The market is south of the bank
2. The river is east of the mountains.
3. The airport is west of the hotel.
4. The mountains and lakes are east of the forest.
5. The river is south of the farm.
6. The movie theater is east of the hospital.
7. The lake is north of the park.

Exercise 8

1. north 1. ler
2. bridge 2. kreteg
3. bus station 3. setasiun bis
4. café 4. kafe
5. post office 5. kantor pos
6. church 6. gereja church
7. farm 7. tanah pertanian
8. mountain 8. gunung

Exercise 10
1. Where is the lake? The lake is next to the forest.
2. Where is the market? The market is between the police station and the church.
3. Where is the post office? The post office is around the corner from the hospital.
4. Where is the train station? The train station is across from the park.
5. Where is the café? It is in front of the hotel.

End of Lesson Exercise 1

A. The restaurant is next to the hotel.
B. The park is north of the lake.
C. The bank is between the church and the bus station.
D. The market is south of the bridge.
E. The café is across from the bookstore.
F. The field is in front of the farm.

84
 Lesson 7
Shopping
Belanja

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Customs and practices accepted in Indonesian marketplaces
- Names of foods and stores
- How to make purchases in Indonesian shops
- The verbs “to want,” “to buy,” “to pay,” and “to take”
- The modal verb “can.”

For the last four years, the economy in Indonesia has been good. The inflation has fluctuated from 6.8% in
2003, up to 7% in 2005 and down to 6.29% in 2006. Just like the inflation, the U.S. dollar has been fluctuating
also; on December 2, 2006, the U.S. dollar rate was Rp. 9,140 (Rp. or rupiah, is the Indonesian currency). Per
capita income, according to one of the two national major magazines was $1,350 per year. Official reports on
the standard of living are not available, but it can be assumed that it is low. A family of seven living in the
capital of Indonesia needs at lease $600 a month, not to mention the needs for recreation and other non-essential
things.

Indonesian banknotes and coins

Rp. stands for “Rupiah”

From left to right:
Rp. 100,000, Rp. 50,000 Rp. 5,000
Rp. 20,000 Rp. 10,000 Rp. 5,000
Rp. 1,000

85
 The local currency in Indonesia is the rupiah.

1. Listen to the following vocabulary and repeat after the speaker.

Banana Pear Tomato Potato

Pisang Buah per Tomat Kenthang

86
 Milk Butter Egg Cheese
Susu Mertega tigan Keju

Cereal Bread Sugar Ice Cream

Sirial Roti Gendis Es krim

Durian Fish Chicken Salak

Durian Ulam Ayam Salak

2. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner what foods he/she has at home. Use the model
below.

MODEL:
A. Wonten daharan penapa wonten nggriya?
B. Wonten pisang, tomat lan kenthang.

87
 3. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the
workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of the underlined words.

Niki gambar toko pangan. Siti nyambutdamel wonten Tono nyambutdamel wonten
toko pangan. Piyambakipun toko pangan. Piyambakipun
kasir. pelayan.

Narti nyambutdamel wonten toko sandang. Hasan nyambutdamel wonteng toko sandang.
Piyambakipun pelayan. Piyambakiun kasir.

Did you understand the underlined words?

Toko pangan means grocery store
Kasir means cashier
Pelayan means salesperson
Toko sandang means clothing store

Grammar note:
In many big cities in Indonesia, more and more stores are like food-stores in the US. The number of open
markets has diminished greatly in large cities. When you go grocery shopping in Indonesia, you have to
bargain. Ask someone, your friend or your neighbor, who knows the price of things you want to buy. Also, if
you go somewhere by taxi, ask someone who knows what the reasonable rate is. Remember that everywhere, or
almost everywhere, tourists, who are usually foreigners, tend to get ripped off.

88
4. Work in pairs or in small groups. Make up dialogues using the model below.

MODEL:
A. Siti nyambutdamel wonten pundi?
A. Where does Siti work?
B. Tono nyambut damel wonten toko pangan.
B. Tono works at the grocery store.

Grammar note:
Just like in English, the Javanese word “kepengin” (to want – informal) or “ngresaaken” (to want – formal) is
directly followed by a verb or a noun. Informal words are used after the subject “I” (“kula”) and “we” (“kita”).
To show respect to older people or someone we should respect, we use formal words. When we talk to children
or someone of the same age usually we use informal words.
I want to buy… Kula kepengin tumbas …
You want to buy….Panjenengan ngresaaken tumbas …
He wants to buy….Piyambakipun ngresaaken tumbas …
She wants to buy….Piyambakipun ngresaaken tumbas …
We want to buy… Kita kepengin tumbas ….
They want to buy….Tiang-tiang punika ngresaaken tumbas …

Note: The word “kepengin,” which means “to want,” is used especially if you want to show your desire for
something important, for example to buy a car, or to go on a vacation. Otherwise, if you just want to buy
something, and you are already at the store, in Javanese we say “bade,” meaning “to be going to.” So if you are
in a store, and you want to buy something, you just say “Kula bade tumbas …,” not “Kula kepengin tumbas
…,” meaning “I am going to buy …,” not “I want to buy …”

5. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the
workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of the underlined words.

Tanti ngresaaken tumbas buku. Piyambakipun Tanto ngresaaken tumbas jam. Piyambakipun
wonten ing toko buku. wonten ing toko oleh-oleh.
Did you understand the underlined words?
Toko buku means bookstore
Jam means clock
Toko oleh-oleh means gift store

89
6. Match each Javanese sentence in the left column with the English equivalent in the right column.
Check your answers with the Answer Key.
1. Kula kepengin tumbas roti kalian mertega. A. Darmo wants to buy fish.
2. Ali ngresaaken tumbas buku. B. They want to buy cheese.
3. Sastro ngresaaken tumbas ulam. C. I want to buy bread and butter.
4. Aliman ngresaaken tumbas jam. D. My sister wants to buy clothes.
5. Kita kepingin tumbas oleh-oleh. E. Hambali wants to buy a clock.
6. Tiang-tiang punika ngresaaken tumbas keju. F. Amrosi wants to buy a book.
7. Mbakyu kula ngresaaken tumbas sandangan. G. We want to buy a gift.

Study the new vocabulary below.

A box of cereal Setunggal kothak sereal

A bag of potatoes Setunggal kanthong kentang
A loaf of bread Setunggal batang roti
A bottle of water Sebotol toya
A carton of milk Sekothak susu
A dozen eggs Selosin tigan
A pound/kilo of pears Setunggal kilo buah per In Indonesia we use the metric
system of weights and measures
(kilograms, grams, etc.),
sometimes even for things like
eggs.

7. Work with a partner or in small groups. Pretend that you are planning to have a surprise birthday
party for one of your classmates. You need to buy some food and gifts. Make a shopping list and tell
your partner in Javanese what you want to buy.

Grammar note:
In Javanese, we say “Pinten reginipujn …?” = “How much is/are …?” Or simply “Pinten?” = “How much?”
When you shop at an open market, you should bargain. It is the local custom. Before going to shop at an open
market you should ask a local person who knows the fair price of the things you want to buy. Your bargaining
will be more successful if you smile and speak politely

8. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker.

A. Excuse me. I am going to buy cheese. How much is it?

Nyuwun pangampunten. Kula bade tumbas keju. Pinten reginipun?

B. A pound of cheese is $5.40.

Setunggal pon keju, kawan ndasa sanga ewu tigang atus seket gangsal rupiah.

90
A. Thank you.
Matur nuwun.

B. You are welcome.

Sami-sami.

9. Pretend you want to buy the items listed below. One of your classmates is a salesperson. Role-play an
“In the Shop” dialogue using the dialogue above as a model. Work in pairs or in small groups.

1. Setunggal kilogram buah per, tigang ndasa setunggal ewu, gangsal atus tigang ndasa tiga rupiah.

2. Setunggal kilo ulam, pitung ndasa sekawan ewu, kawan atus sangang ndasa setunggal rupiah.

3. Sekanthong kentang, kawan welas ewu, gangsal atus tigang ndasa kalih rupiah.

4. Sebotol toya, sedasa ewu, wolongatus pitung ndasa enem rupiah.

5. Sekothak susu, kawan ndasa setunggal ewu, satus tigang ndasa ruiah.

6. Setunggal batang roti, kawan likur ewu, kalih atus selikur rupiah.

7. Selosin tigan, kalih likur ewu, enematus sewidak pitu rupiah.

10. Complete the sentences using the words in the box above the sentences. Check your answers with the
Answer Key.

Toko sandang Toko pangan Toko buku Toku oleh-oleh Toko serba ada

1. Tiang sepuh kula kekalih tumbas oleh-oleh wonten ______________________.

2. Tiang-tiang punika tumbas tomat lan kenthang wonten ___________________.

3. Kangmas kula tumbas buku-buku wonten _____________________________.

4. Kula lan mbakyu kula tumbas sandangan wonten _______________________.

5. Kita tumbas sandangan, buku-buku lan oleh-oleh wonten _________________.

91
 11. Listen to the following sentences and fill in the blank with the correct word in Javanese, then
translate the entire sentence into English. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. Kula tumbas buku-buku wonten___________.

2. Mbakyu kula tumbas oleh-oleh wonten________________.
3. Ibu kula tumbas gendis wonten______________ wonten ngajeng bank.
4. Embah kakung lan embah putri kula tumbas susu lan mertega wonteng___________________.
5. Kita tumbas sandangan, buku-buku lan oleh-oleh wonten_____________________.

Study the use of the word ‘can’ (‘to be able’).

I can Kula saget

You can Panjenengan saget
He can Piyambakipun saget
She can Piyambakipun saget
We can Kita saget
You all can Panjenengan sedaya saget
They can/Those people can Tiang-tiang punika saget

Grammar note:
In English the verb “to take” is used in many different ways (“I’ll take you home,” “He took a test,’ etc.), but in
Javanese we have different verbs for these contexts. For example, instead of asking “Do you take credit cards?”
in Javanese we say “ Do you accept credit cards?” “Panjenengan nampi (= to accept) kartu kredit?”

12. a) Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook.

A. Hello. I want to buy a loaf of bread. How much is it?

Hey, kula bade tumbas sebatang roti. Pinten reginipun?

B. Rp. 24, 221.

Reginipun kawan likur ewu, kalih atus selikur rupiah.

A. Can I pay with a credit card?

Saget dipun bayar ngangge kartu kredit?

B. I’m sorry, but we only take cash.

Nyuwun pangapunten, namung saget dipun bayar ngangge arta.

92
b) Role-play the dialogue above. Make up similar dialogues using the words below.

1. kalih botol toya two bottles of water

2. setunggal buku a book

3. sekothak susu a carton of milk

4. setunggal pon keju a pound of cheese

5. selosin tigan a dozen eggs

13. Listen to and read along with the dialogue and then answer the follow-up questions. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

Tono: Hey, Tini!

Tini: Hey, Tono!

Tono: Bade kesah dateng pundi?

Tini: Kula bade kesah dateng toko pangan.

Tono: Panjenengan bade tumbas punapa?

Tini: Kula bade tumbas roti, kalih botol toya, lan setunggal kilo/pon buah per. Panjenengan bade kesah dateng
pundi?

Tono: Kula bade kesah dateng toko serba ada.

Tini: Panjenengan bade tumbas punapa?

Tono: Kula bade tumbas oleh-oleh kangge kakek kula. Kula bade tumbas buku lan jam.

Tini: Kula bade tumbas oleh-oleh wonten toko oleh-oleh.

Questions:

1. Where is Tini going?

2. What does she want to buy?
3. Where is Tono going?
4. What does he want to buy?

93
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following into Javanese. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Where do you buy tomatoes and potatoes?

2. Do you accept credit cards? No, we only accept cash.
3. I will buy the gift for my sister in the clothing store.
4. How much is a loaf of bread? $2.35

2. In Javanese say where you buy groceries/gifts/books/clothes.

3. What would you tell a salesperson in Indonesia if you wanted to buy a carton of milk/a watch/a dozen
eggs? How would you ask the price of each item? Role-play the dialogue.

94
Vocabulary List

How much …? Pinten reginipun …?; pinten?

It is … Reginipun …
I want to buy… Kula kepengin tumbas …
I am going to buy … Kula bade tumbas …
As well Lan
Banana Pisang
Butter Mertega
Chicken Ayam
Fish Ulam
Ice cream Es krim
Milk Susu
Tomato Tomat
Pear Buah per
Potato Kenthang
Sugar Gendis
Cereal Sirial
Cheese Keju
Eggs tigan
A pound/kilo of cheese Sepon keju/Sekilo keju
A bag of potatoes Sekanthong kenthang
A loaf of bread Sebatang roti
A bottle of water Sebotol toya
A dozen eggs Selosin tigan
A box of cereal Sekothak sirial
A carton of milk Sekothak susu
Department Store Toko serba ada
Clothing Store Tokong sandang
Grocery Store Toko pangan
Bookstore Toko buku
Bread Roti
Credit card Kartu kredit
Cash Mawi arta
Cashier Kasir
Salesperson Pelayan
To buy Tumbas
To take Tampi
To pay for Mbayar

95
ANSWER KEY

Exercise 6
1. C I want to buy bread and butter.
2. F Ali wants to buy a book.
3. A Sastro wants to buy fish.
4. E Aliman wants to buy a clock.
5. G We want to buy a gift.
6. B They want to buy cheese
7. D My sister wants to buy clothes.

Exercise 10
1. toko oleh-oleh My parents buy gifts at the gift
store.
2. toko pangan They buy tomatoes and potatoes at
the grocery store.
3. toko buku My brother buys books at the
bookstore.
4. toko sandang My sister and I buy clothes at the
clothing store.
5. toko serba ada We can buy clothes, books and
gifts at the department store.

Exercise 11
1. toko buku I buy books in the bookstore.
2. toko oleh-oleh My sister buys gifts at the gift store.
3. toko pangan My mother buys sugar at the grocery store across from the bank.
4. toko pangan My grandparents buy milk and butter at the grocery store.
5. toko serba ada We buy clothes, books, and gifts at the department store.

Exercise 13
1. Tini is going to the grocery store.
2. She wants buy bread, two bottles of water, and a pound of pears.
3. Tono is going to the department store.
4. He wants to buy a book or a clock.

End of Lesson Exercise 1

1. Where do you buy tomatoes and potatoes?
Wonten pundi panjenengan tumbas tomat lan kenthang?
2. Do you take credit cards? No, we take cash.
Pamjenengan nampi kartu kredit? Mboten, kita namung nampi arta.
3. I will buy the gift for my sister in the clothing store.
Kula tumbas oleh-oleh kangge mbakyu kula wonten toko sandang.
4. How much is a loaf of bread? - $2.35
Pintun reginipun sebatang roti? Selikur ewu, kawanatus pitung ndasa sanga rupiah.

96
 Lesson 8
Eating out
Nedha wonten restoran

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Eating out in a restaurant in Indonesia
- Various menu items
- How to order menu items
- Different table service items.

In big cities in Indonesia you can eat at all kinds of restaurants, bars, cafes, and fast-food restaurants like
McDonalds, Pizza Hut or Kentucky fried chicken, just like the United States. But if you are adventurous, you
could go to Indonesian restaurants. You can find out about their location in the local telephone book, or ask the
people where you live or stay. There are also “roadside food vendors,” as well as many kinds of “food on the
wheel” vendors that will come to you. It’s a door-to-door service where the food is delivered to you. There are
also roving vendors selling food, snacks, fruits, vegetables and other daily necessities. Please be careful when
you eat at the roadside food vendors or when the food is prepared by the “food on the wheel” vendors. You
should have Pepto Bismol with you, just in case. Many kinds of meals, snacks, or drinks are prepared with
coconut milk, which may not agree with you. Ask the people where you live about “specialties” in their area.
Each city has its own specialties, and their own special drinks, snacks and dishes. The most popular types of
food in Indonesia are called “satay” (in Indonesia, it is spelled “sate,”) which are grilled, skewered pieces of
goat meat. It is similar to shish kebab, but smaller and without vegetables. Another famous Indonesian dish is
“gado-gado,” which is salad served with peanut sauce.

Inside a hotel in Jakarta.

Indonesian ‘sate.’

97
 A roadside food vendor preparing a dish.

A food-on-the wheel vendor crossing the street to serve customers.

A Chinese restaurant. A fruit stand.

98
 A café in Jakarta.

Different kinds of Indonesian drinks.

99
 1. Look at the restaurant menu below. Repeat the words after the speaker, and follow along in the
workbook.
 
Small World Restaurant 
 
Item Price
Soup Sop; sup Rp. 15.000
Salad selada Rp. 10.000
Hamburger hamburger Rp. 15.000
Fried potatoes Kenthang goreng Rp. 10.000
Fried Chinese noodles Mie goreng; bakmie goreng (one portion) Rp.15.000
Fried Chicken Ayam goreng (half a chicken) Rp.26.000
Goat stew Tongseng (one portion) Rp. 20.000
Grilled/Fried Fish Ulam bakar/goreng (enough for 2 people) Rp.24.000
Ice Cream Es krim (per half litre) Rp. 20.000
Cake Kue (per slice) Rp. 6.000
Orange Juice Jus jeruk (per glass) Rp. 8.000
Apple Juice Jus apel (per glass) Rp. 8.000
Coffee kopi Rp. 5.000
Milk susu Rp. 8.000
Tea Teh Rp. 5.000
Iced water Toya kalian es Rp. 2.000
Beer Bir Rp. 10.000
Young coconut drink with ice Es kelapa muda Rp.6.000
Wine Anggur (per glass) Rp. 15.000
Fried rice Nasi goreng Rp. 20.000
Steam rice Sekol; nasi putih Rp. 5.000
Indonesian salad Gado-gado Rp. 15.000
Indonesian shish kebab Sate kambing Rp. 20.000
Gulai (Currry) gule Rp. 15.000
 
 2. Imagine that you have Rp. 35.000. What would you order at the “Small World Restaurant”? 

100
 3. A) Listen to, and read along with, the following dialogue between a waiter and a patron.

A. Pak/Bu.
A. Excuse me, waiter. (In this context, in Javanese you don’t have to say “Excuse me.”)
B. Ngersakaken punapa?
B. Yes, please. (What will you have?)
A. Kopi, setunggal (cangkir).
A. I want a cup of coffee.
B. Nyuwun pangampunten, pak. Mboten wonten kopi; menawi teh wonten.
B. Sorry, sir. We do not have coffee, but we have tea.

B) Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations that are in the box.

1. secangkir teh – teh

2. segelas susu - teh/kopi
3. segelas jus jeruk - jus apel
4. ulam lan sekol - ayam lan kenthang goreng (In Indonesia, fried fish is sold with rice, not pasta.)

4. Listen to the following dialogue that takes place at a restaurant. Follow along in your
workbook. Pay attention to the new words. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute some words with
any food from the “Small World Restaurant” menu.

A. Hello, sir. What do you want to eat?

A. Hey, pak. Ngresaaken dahar punapa?

B. What do you want to recommend?

B. Saenipun neda punapa, nggih?

A. We have wonderful fried chicken and pasta. They are delicious.

A. Kula nate neda ayam goreng kalian sekol. Eca sanget.

B. Very well. Fried chicken and pasta, please.

B. Kula nyuwun ayam goreng kalian sekol.

A. What do you want to drink?

A. Panjenengan bade ngunjuk punapa?

B. A cup of tea with sugar and lemon.

B. (Secangkir) teh kalian gendis lan jeruk.

A. Any dessert?
A. Nresaaken buah?

101
B. Yes, I want a piece of cheesecake.
B. Inggih, kula kepengin nyobi kue keju.

A. Here is your bill, sir.

A. Punika bonipun, pak.

B. Can I pay with a credit card?

B. Saget dibayar mawi kartu kredit?

A. Yes, you can.

A. Inggih. Saget dibayar mawi kartu kredit.

Study usage of the verb ‘to drink.’ Note that the past tense usage of this verb is the same as the present
tense.

I drink Kula ngombe (informal)

You drink Panjenengan ngunjuk (formal)
He drinks Piyambakiun ngunjuk
We drink Kita ngombe
You all drink Panjenengan sedaya ngunjuk
They/People drink Tiang-tiang punika ngunjuk

5. Use the restaurant menu at the beginning of the lesson and tell your classmates in Javanese what you
ate and drank at your most recent visit to a restaurant.

6. Listen and read along with the dialogue. Fill in the blanks with the missing word in Javanese,
and then translate the entire sentence into English. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

Dinten Ngaat/Minggu kepengker panjenengan dahar wonten pundi?

Dinten Ngaat/Minggu kepengker panjenengan dahar wonten pundi?

Kula neda wonten ______________
Panjenengan dahar piyambakkan?
Mboten, kula kalian________________kula.
Piyambakipun dahar punapa?
Piyambakipun dahar pasta kalian__________________
Piyambakkiun_________________punapa?
Piyambakkipun ngunjuk_____________________
Panjenengan__________________punapa?
Kula neda___________________kalian kenthang goreng.
Panjenengan ngunjuk punapa?
Kula ngombe_________________________

102
 7. Below are some table service items. Listen and repeat after the speaker.

Plate Bowl Cup Glass

Piring Mangkok Cangkir Gelas

Knife Fork Spoon Napkin

Peso Garpu Sendhok Serbet

8. Match the English words in the left column with the Javanese equivalents in the right column. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

1. Plate A. Sendhok
2. Bowl B. Gelas
3. Cup C. Peso
4. Glass D. Garpu
5. Knife E. Mangkok
6. Fork F. Piring
7. Spoon G. Serbet
8. Napkin H. Cangkir

9. Listen to the following model. Repeat after the speaker. Compose similar sentences using the
words in the box below the model.

MODEL:
A. Kula dereng gadah sendhok. Nyuwun sendhok.
A. I do not have a spoon. Can I have a spoon?
B. Inggih. Punika sendhokkipun.
B. Yes, of course. Here you are.

1. serbet
2. cangkir
3. garpu

103
4. peso
5. gelas

10. Listen to the speaker and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) in Javanese. Translate
your answers into English. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. Kula nyuwun___________________.
2. Kula ngombe___________________.
3. Panjenengan dahar________________?
4. Tiang-tiang punika dahar___________________.
5. Piyambakipun dahar______________________________.

104
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. In Javanese, say what you usually eat and drink for breakfast / lunch / dinner.

2. In Javanese, say what you ate and drank at a restaurant the last time you were there.

3. Pretend that you are at a restaurant now. With a classmate create a dialogue using the following
criteria in your role-play:
What would you say in Javanese if you wanted to eat salad and fried potatoes?
You also want a cup of coffee, and you need a fork and a napkin.
What would you say in Javanese if you did not know what to choose?
Take turns with your classmate between being a waiter and being a customer.

4. Read and translate the following text into English. Answer the questions that follow in complete
sentences in the Javanese. Check the Answer Key to review your translation and check your answers.

Dinten Jemuah kepengker, kula lan kangmas kula, tuwin tiang-tiang sepuh kula kesah dateng restoran Small
World. Restoran punika alit, wonten seberang bank. Pelayan restoran ngusulaken supados kita neda ayam
goreng, selada, lan pasta. Kangmas kula dahar daging sapi lan kenthang; piyambakipun ngunjuk teh ngangge
gendhis lan jeruk. Ibu kula dahar sop lan hamburger. Piyambakkipun ngunjuk jus apel. Kangge pemungkas
dahar, piyambakkipun dahar sepotong kue strawberry. Bapak kula dahar daging sapi, kenthang goreng, lan
tomat. Piyambakipun dahar sepotong kue keju, kangge pemungkas dahar, lan ngunjuk kopi. Kula neda ayam lan
selada. Eca masakanipun. Kula bade mbayar ngangge kartu kredit, nanging bapak kula mbayar mawi arta. Kita
remen sanget.

1. Kapan keluarga punika kesah dateng restoran?

2. Wonten pundi restoran punika?
3. Punapa ingkang dipun usulaken pelayan restoran?
4. Kangmas panjenengan dahar punapa?
5. Piyambakkipun ngunjuk punapa?
6. Ibu panjenengan dahar sop lan hamburger?
7. Piyambakkipun ngunjuk jus jeruk utawi jus apel?
8. Kangge pemungkas dahar, piyambakkipun dahar sepotong kue keju?
9. Bapak kula dahar punapa?
10. Piyambakkiun ngunjuk anggur?
11. Bapak kula mbayar mawi kartu kredit?
12. Punapa dalu punika ngremenaken sanget?

105
Vocabulary List

Apple juice Jus apel

Bowl Mangkok
Cheesecake Kue keju
Coffee Kopi
Cup Cangkir
Fork Garpu
Fried Goreng
Glass Gelas
Knife Peso
Napkin Serbet
Orange juice Jus jeruk
Piece Potong
Plate Piring
Please Mangga
Salad Selada
Soup Sop
Spoon Sendhok
Tea Teh
Beef Daging sapi
Hamburger Hamburger
Here you are Punika
To Drink / drank Ngombe (informal); ngunjuk (formal)
To eat /ate Neda (for “I” & “We”); dahar (formal)
Recommend Ngusulaken
Wonderful ngremenaken
Delicious Eca
To recommend Ngusulaken
Lemon Jeruk
Dessert Pemungkas dahar; who-wohan
Bill Bon
Wine Anggur
Beer Bir

106
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 6
Where did you eat last Sunday? Dinten Ngaat/Minggu kepengker panjenengan dahar wonten pundi?
I ate at a restaurant. Kula neda wonten restoran.
Did you eat alone? Panjenengan dahar piyambakkan?
No, my brother was with me. Mboten, kula kalian kangmas kula.
What did he eat? Piyambakkipun dahar punapa?
He ate pasta and fish. Piyambakkipun dahar pasta lan ulam.
What did he drink? Piyambakkipun ngunjuk punapa?
He drank tea. Piyambakkipun ngunjuk teh?
What did you eat? Panjenengan dahar punapa?
I ate chicken and fried potatoes. Kula neda ayam kalian kenthang goreng.
What did you drink? Panjenengan ngunjuk punapa?
I drank coffee. Kula ngombe kopi.

Exercise 8

1. Plate F Piring
2. Bowl E Mangkok
3. Cup H Cangkir
4. Glass B Gelas
5. Knife C Peso
6. Fork D Garpu
7. Spoon A Sendhok
8. Napkin G Serbet

Exercise 10

1. susu milk
2. jus apel. apple juice
3. pasta pasta
4. ulam fish
5. selada lan daging sapi salad and beef
6. peso knife
7. gelas glass

107
End of Lesson Exercise 4
Check your translation of the text. Then compare your answers to the questions below.

Last Friday after work, my brother, our parents and I went to the restaurant “Small World.” It’s a small
restaurant across from the bank. A waiter recommended we have fried chicken, salad, and pasta. My brother
ate beef and potatoes; he drank tea with sugar and lemon. My mother ate soup and a hamburger. She drank
apple juice. For dessert she had a piece of strawberry cake. My father ate beef, fried potatoes, and tomatoes.
He ate a piece of cheesecake for dessert and drank coffee. I ate chicken and salad. It was delicious! I wanted
to pay with a credit card, but my father paid cash. We had a wonderful evening.

1. When did the family go to the restaurant? The family went to the restaurant last Friday.
Kapan keluarga punika kesah dateng restoran? Keluarga punika kesah dateng restoran dinten Jemuah kepengker.

2. Where is the restaurant? The restaurant is across from the bank

Wonten pundi restoran punika? Restoran punika wonten seberang bank.

3. What did the waiter recommend? He recommended fried chicken, salad, and pasta.
Pelayan restoran ngusulaken punapa? Piyambakkipun ngusulaken ayam goreng, selada lan pasta.

4. What did my brother eat? He ate beef and potatoes.

Kangmas kula dahar punapa? Piyambakkipun dahar daging sapi lan kenthang.

5. What did he drink? He drank tea with lemon and sugar.

Piyambakkipun ngunjuk punapa? Piyambakkipun ngunjuk teh mawi gendhis lan jeruk.

6. Did my mother eat soup and a hamburger? Yes, she did.

Ibu kula dahar sop lan hamburger? Inggih. Ibu panjenengan dahar sop lan hamburger.

7. Did she drink orange or apple juice? No, she drank only apple juice.
Piyambakkipun ngunjuk jus jeruk utawi jus apel? Piyambakkipun ngunjuk jus apel.

8. Did she eat a piece of cheesecake for dessert? No, she had strawberry cake.
Kangge pemungkas dahar, piyambakkipun dahar sepotong kue keju? Mboten, piyambakkipun dahar kue strawberry.

9. What did my father eat? He ate beef, fried potatoes, and tomatoes
Bapak kula dahar penapa? Piyambakkipun dahar daging sapi, kenthang goreng lan tomat.

10. Did he drink wine? No, he drank coffee.

Piyambakkipun ngunjuk anggur? Mboten, piyanbakkipun ngunjuk kopi.

11. Did my father pay with a credit card? No, he paid cash.
Bapak kula mbayar mawi kartu kredit? Mboten, mawi arta.

12. Was it a wonderful evening? Yes, it was.

Dalu punika ngremenaken? Inggih. Ngremenaken.

108
 Lesson 9
Dinten libur, adat, tradisi budhaya
Holidays, Customs, and Cultural Traditions

This lesson will introduce you to:

- How to read dates
- How to use ordinal numbers
- Names of the months
- Holidays, customs, and cultural traditions of Indonesia

There are 13 holidays in Indonesia. There are religious, national, international and commemorative holidays.
The main holidays are Independence Day (August 17), New Years (January 1), The Idul Fitri (the end of the
fasting month) holidays, which fell on October 24 and 25), Christmas (December 25), the Hindu’s Day of
Silence, (March 29) and the Waisak Day (May 13), which celebrates the death of Gautama Buddha. New Year’s
holiday is celebrated in the same way as it is in many other countries. Idul Fitri Holidays are similar to
Thanksgiving Day in America. Children gather in their parents’ home to celebrate and prepare and enjoy
traditional dishes. It is also a time of forgiveness. People of other religions usually take part in this event.
Christmas is celebrated the same way in Indonesia as in many other countries. The most interesting thing is
probably the Hindu’s Day of Silence Holiday in Bali. In observation of this day, people do not leave their
homes, and there is a general cessation of all activities. As a result, the streets are deserted and tourists are not
allowed to leave hotel complexes. Chinese New Year or Tahun Baru Imlek (January 26) is also a holiday. Some
other holidays are Armed Forces day (October 5), Youth Pledge Day (October 28), Hero’s Day (November 10),
and Mother’s Day (December 22). Father’s Day is not celebrated in Indonesia.

Istiqlal mosque in Jakarta. A church in Jakarta.

Borobudur temple in Central Java A temple in Bali

109
Grammar note: To form ordinal numbers in Javanese add the word “nomer” before the number. For example,
“one” is “setunggal,” and “the first” is “nomer setunggal.”

1. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook.

one setunggal
first nomer setunggal
two kalih
second nomer kalih
three tiga
third nomer tiga
four sekawan
fourth nomer sekawan
five gangsal
fifth nomer gangsal
six enem
sixth nomer enem
seven pitu
seventh nomer pitu
eight wolu
eighth nomer wolu
nine sanga
ninth nomer sanga
ten sedhasa
tenth nomer sedhasa

2. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences using the words below. Check your answers with the
Answer Key.

Nomer Nomer Nomer Nomer Nomer tiga Nomer Nomer Nomer

gangsal kalih setunggal enem pitu sekawan pitu

1. Senin dinten ……………………….

2. Selasa diten …………………….
3. Rebu dinten ………………………..
4. Kemis dinten ……………………....
5. Jemuah dinten ……………………….
6. Setu dinten ………………………….
7. Ngaat dinten ………………………...

Reminder: In Javanese, we use the word “nomer,” which literally means “number,” as a prefix to convert to
ordinal numbers. Examples: “nomor sewelas” = eleventh; “nomer kalihwelas” = twelfth; “nomer tigawelas” =
thirteenth; “nomber kawan welas” = fourteenth; “nomer gangsal welas” = fifteenth; “nomer enem belas” =
sixteenth; “nomer pitulas”= seventeenth; “nomer wolulas” = eighteenth; “nomer sangalas” = nineteenth

110
 3. Listen to the ordinal numbers 11 through 19 and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the
workbook.

eleven sewelas
eleventh nomer sewelas
twelve kalihwelas
twelfth nomer kalihwelas
thirteen tiga welas
thirteenth nomer tiga welas
fourteen kawan welas
fourteenth nomer kawan welas
fifteen gangsal welas
fifteenth nomer gangsal welas
sixteen enem belas
sixteenth nomer enem belas
seventeen pitulas
seventeenth nomer pitulas
eighteen wolulas
eighteenth nomer wolulas
nineteen sangalas
nineteenth nomer songalas

4. Read the following ordinal numbers in Javanese.

11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th

Grammar note: To make ordinal numbers from number 20 to 100, we use the same method; just add the word
“nomer” in front of the number.

5. Listen to the ordinal numbers 20-30 and repeat after the speaker.

twenty Kalih dasa

twentieth Nomer kalih dasa
twenty-one Selikur
twenty-first Nomer selikur
twenty-two Kalih likur
twenty-second Nomer kalih likur
twenty-three Tiga likur
twenty-third Nomer tiga likur
twenty-four Kawan likur
twenty-fourth Nomer kawan likur
twenty-five Selangkung
twenty-fifth Nomer selangkung
twenty-six Enem likur

111
twenty-sixth Nomer enem likur
twenty-seven Pitu likur
twenty-seventh Nomer pitu likur
twenty-eight Wolu likur
twenty-eighth Nomer wolu likur
twenty-nine Sanga likur
twenty-ninth Nomer sanga likur
thirty Tigang dasa
thirtieth Nomer tigang dasa
forty Kawan dasa
fortieth Nomer kawan dasa
fifty Seket
fiftieth Nomer seket
sixty Sewidak
sixtieth Nomer sewidak
seventy Pitung ndasa
seventieth Nomer pitung ndasa
eighty Wolong ndasa
eightieth Nomer wolung ndasa
ninety Sangang ndasa
ninetieth Nomer sangang ndasa
one hundred Satus
one hundredth Nomer satus

6. Listen to the names of the months and repeat after the speaker.

January Yanuari
February Pebruari
March Maret
April April
May Mei
June Yuni
July Yuli
August Agustus
September September
October Oktober
November Nopember
December Desember

112
7. Look at the picture and say the dates and days of the week in Javanese. Practice the different dates,
days, and months throughout the year.

MODEL:
Today is April 15th 1999. It is Thursday.
Dinten punika tanggal gangsal welas April. Dinten punika dinten Kemis. (Note: In Javanese, we do not use an
ordinal number to describe the date. We just use the number in its regular form.)

8. Listen to the speaker read the following years. Repeat after the speaker.
To read the year, we start with the word “year,” which is “tahun.” Then we read the numbers. To say
“thousand” in Javanese, we say “ewu.” 1000 = sewu; 2000 = rongewu

1925-nineteen twenty-five Sewu sangang atus selangkung

1900-nineteen hundred Sewu sangang atus
2004-two thousand four Kalih ewu sekawan

Grammar note: In Javanese, we express the date by saying the Javanese word for “date” (“tanggal”) first, and
then the number(s). For example, to say “Today is the first of January,” we say “Dinten punika tanggal
setunggal Yanuari.” Also with the year, we start by saying the word “year,” which is “tahun.” So to say “Now
is the year 2006” we say “Sakpunika tahun kalih ewu enem.”

9. Read the following years in Javanese.

2001 1987 1960 1945 2000 1700 1516

10. Listen and repeat after the speaker the names of holidays. Follow along in the workbook.

1. Christmas – the 25th of December Natal, tanggal selangkung Desember

2. Independence Day – the 4th of July Dinten Kemerdekaan Amerika, sekawan Yuli
3. St. Valentine’s Day – the 14th of February. Dinten Valentina, kawan welas Pebruari.

113
 11. Listen to the speakers talk about their dates of birth. Follow along in the workbook.

1. When were you born?
Kapan penjenengan lahir?
I was born on the
11th of June, 1936.
Kula lahir tanggal 11 Yuni, tahun
sewu sangang atus tigang ndasa
enem.
2. When were you born?
Kapan panjenengan lahir?
I was born on the
31st of July, 1960.
Kula lahir tanggal tigang ndasa
setunggal Yuli, tahun sewu sangang
atus sewidak.
3. When were you born?
Kapan panjenengan lahir?
I was born on the
23rd of January, 1987.
Kula lahir tanggal tiga likur
Yanuari, tahun sewu sangang atus
wolung dasa pitu.

12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner when he was born. Use the model below.

MODEL:
A. I was born on the 15th of February, 1982. When were you born?
A. Kula lahir tanggal gangsal welas Pebruari, sewu sangang atus wolong ndasa kalih. Kapan panjenengan lahir?
B. I was born on the 4th of September, 1979.
B. Kula lahir tanggal sekawan September, sewu sangang atus pitung ndasa sanga.

13. Look at the picture below and imagine that this is your family. Describe each member. Use the
model below. You can use real pictures of your family.

MODEL:
This is my brother. His name is… He is …years old. He was born on the …of…19…
Niki kangmas kula. Naminipun … Umuripun … tahun. Piyambakipun lahir tanggal … tahun sewu sangang atus …

114
14. Read and translate the following text into English. Answer the questions below in English. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

Nami kula Bambang. Kula asli Indonesia. Kula manggen wonten Jakarta. Kula gadah keluarga ageng: setunggal
simah, anak kalih, lan tiang sepuh kalih.
Kita manggen wonten gria ageng. Semah kula tigang ndasa tahun. Piyambakipun lahir tanggal tiga likur
November, sewu sangang atus pitung ndasa.
Piyambakipun dokter, lan nyambut damel wonten griya sakit. Anak-anak kula murid.
Anak-anak kula sekolah. Anak estri kula lahir tanggal enem likur April, sewu sangang atus sangang ndasa kalih.
Anak jaler kula wolung tahun. Piyambakipun lahir tanggal setunggal Mei, sewu sangang atus sangang ndasa enem.
Ibu kula sepuh sanget. Piyambakipun pitung ndasa wolu taun.
Piyambakipun lahir tanggal kalih likur Nopember, sewu sangang atus nemlikur. Bapak kula pitung ndasa tahun.
Piyambakipun lahir tanggal selangkung Agustus, sewu sangang atus selangkung.
Tiang-tiang sepuh kula mboten nyambut damel. Tiang-tiang sepuh kula maos buku-buku, mresani televisi utawi
dolanan kalian anak-anak kula.
Kula gadah keluarga ingkang ngremenaken sanget.

1. Where does the family live?

2. How old is the wife?
3. When was she born?
4. What is her occupation?
5. Where does she work?
6. How many children do they have?
7. How old is the son? When was he born?
8. How old is the daughter?
9. When was she born?
10. How old is the grandmother?
11. When was she born?
12. How old is the grandfather?
13. When was he born?
14. What do the grandparents do?

115
 Social Etiquette and Cultural Customs in Indonesia

Before visiting someone, you should find out when is the most convenient time for the person to see you,
unless you know him or her well. If you know the person very well, you can stop by at their house
anytime. When a drink is served to you, you should wait until you are invited to enjoy the drink. In some
places, guests are expected to take off their shoes, especially at a mosque. Do not put your feet on the
table. Most people in big cities celebrate their birthdays where they bring gifts to the birthday person.
A wedding party is usually attended by many people. They believe in the philosophy of “the more the
merrier.” A reception in Jakarta may be attended by more than a thousand guests. You should bring a
gift for the bride and the bridegroom. In certain areas, giving money in an envelope is preferable. You
should ask people around you about this custom. You should try to attend a funeral and make sure you
express your condolences to the family whose member has died. Please wear dark/black clothes. Do not
wear colorful clothes. You should also let your maid go home (and give her some money) if there is a
death in her family. Do not touch someone’s head and NEVER give or receive something with your left
hand. Do not stand with hands on hips. It’s considered very impolite. Do not shout. Speak softly. Don’t be
offended if someone asks you personal questions, like “Are you married?” or “Where are you going?”
These kinds of questions are meant to express friendliness rather than nosiness. In Indonesia, people
only talk about the weather after there is a big storm, earthquake or flood. Last, but not least, it may be
hard to believe, even though it is always hot and humid, but many Indonesians wear long pants.

A royal Javanese wedding. Another royal Javanese wedding.

116
 An Indonesian reception

15. Listen to the following conversation between two people. Repeat after the speakers. Follow
along in the workbook. Answer the questions that follow. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. Hey, Suharto. Wonten pesta ulang tahun tanggal enem Mei.

Kula kepengin ngundhang panjenengan, supados pinanggih keluarga kula.
B. Matur nuwun, Bambang. Pukul pinten?
A. Gangsal utawi gangsal tigang ndasa menit.
B. Pundi alamat panjenengan?
A. Wonten Jalan Merdeka 10.
B. Langkung pundi yen bade dateng griya panjenengan?
A. Langkung margi ageng ngaler ngantos Jl. Mawar, lajeng menggok kiwa.
Terus kemawon wonten Jl. Mawar, kalih blok, lajeng menggok tengen.
Griya kula griya nomer tiga wonten sisih tengen.
B. Kula perlu mbeta punapa?
A. Mboten usah mbeta punapa-punapa.
B. Matur nuwun dipun undhang dateng pista panjenengan.

1. What is the occasion for the invitation?

2. What is the date?
3. What time should he arrive?
4. What is the address?
5. What directions is he given to get there?
6. What should he bring?

16. Work with a partner. Invite him or her to your house to celebrate a holiday. Give him or her
directions how to get to your house. Use the dialogue above as a model.

117
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Tell in Javanese the date:

- you were born

- you graduated from high school
- of your wedding
- your child was born
- you joined the military

2. Give the names of Indonesian holidays and tell when they are celebrated (in Javanese).

3. Invite your roommate to a Christmas party and give him/her directions how to get there.

118
Vocabulary List

first Nomer setunggal

second Nomer kalih
third Nomer tiga
fourth Nomer sekawan
fifth Nomer gangsal
sixth Nomer enem
seventh Nomer pitu
eighth Nomer wolu
ninth Nomer sanga
tenth Nomer sedasa
eleventh Nomer sewelas
twelfth Nomer kalih welas
thirteenth Nomer tiga welas
fourteenth Nomer kawan welas
fifteenth Nomer gangsal welas
sixteenth Nomer nembelas
seventeenth Nomer pitulas
eighteenth Nomer wolulas
nineteenth Nomer sangalas
twentieth Nomer kalih dasa
twenty-first Nomer selikur
twenty-second Nomer kalih likur
twenty-third Nomer tiga likur
twenty-fourth Nomer kawan likur
twenty-fifth Nomor selangkung
twenty-sixth Nomer nemlikur
twenty-seventh Nomer pitulikur
twenty-eighth Nomer wolulikur
twenty-ninth Nomer sangalikur
January Yanuari
February Pebruari
March Maret
April April
May Mei
June Yuni
July Yuli
August Agustus
September September
October Oktober
November Nopember
December Desember
Was born Lahir
To invite Ngundhang
Invitation Undangan

119
Address Alamat
Drive Nitih montor
Along Langkung
Two blocks Kalih blok
Turn right Menggok tengen
Turn left Menggok kiwa
Come over Datheng
To visit Datheng
Birthday Ulang tahun
Birthday party Pista ulang tahun
Wedding Kawin
Funeral Kematian
To bring Bbeta
I want to invite you … Kula kepengin ngundhang panjenengan

120
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
1. Monday is the _________first__________day of the week.
2. Tuesday is the ________second___________day of the week.
3. Wednesday is the _______third_________day of the week.
4. Thursday is the _________fourth_________day of the week.
5. Friday is the _________fifth____________day of the week.
6. Saturday is the _________sixth__________day of the week.
7. Sunday is the ________seventh____________day of the week.

Exercise 14
1. Jakarta, Indonesia
2. 30
3. November 23, 1970
4. Doctor
5. Hospital
6. 2
7. 8 years old, May 1, 1996
8. 12 years old
9. April 26, 1992
10. 78
11. November 22, 1926
12. 79
13. August 25, 1925
14. Read books, watch television, and play with the grandchildren

My name is Bambang. I am from Indonesia. I live in Jakarta. I have a big family: a wife, two children, and my
parents.
We live in a big house. My wife is 30. She was born on November 23, 1970.
She is a doctor and works at the hospital. My children are students.
They study at school. My daughter was born on the April 26, 1992.
My son is 8 years old. He was born on the 1st of May, 1996. My mother is very old. She is 78.
She was born on the 22nd of November, 1926. My father is 79. He was born on the 25th of August, 1925.
They do not work. They read books, watch television, or play with our children.
I have a wonderful family.

Exercise 15
1. What is the occasion for the invitation? A birthday party
2. What is the date? May 6
3. What time should he arrive? 5:00 or 5:30
4. What is the address? Jl. Merdeka 10.
5. What directions is he given to get there?
Drive north on the main road to Jl. Mawar and turn left. Drive along Jl. Mawar two blocks and turn
right. My house is the third house on the right.
6. What should he bring? Nothing

121
A. Hi, Suharto. There is birthday party the 6th of May.
I invite you to come over and visit my family.
B. Thank you, Bambang. What time?
A. Five or five thirty.
B. What is your address?
A. It is Jalan Merdeka 10.
B. How can I get there?
A. Drive north on the main road to Jl. Mawar and turn left.
Drive along Jl. Mawar two blocks and turn right.
My house is the third house on the right.
B. What can I bring?
A. Nothing, thanks.
B. Thank you for the invitation.

122
 Lesson 10
Around the House
Wonten sekeliling nggriya

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Basic vocabulary related to the home
- Rooms around the house
- Furniture items.

1. Listen to the vocabulary below and repeat after the speaker.

Bathroom Kamar mandi

Bedroom Kamar tidur
Dining room Kamar dahar
Door Lawang
Floor Jobin
Window Jendela
Garage Garasi; garase
Roof Payon
Antenna Antene
Office Kantor
Yard Plataran
Kitchen Pawon
Living room Kamar tamu
One-story Setunggal tingkat
Two-story Kalih tingkat
First floor Lantai ngandap
Second floor Lantai nginggil

2. Match the Javanese words in the left column with their English equivalents in the right
column. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. kamar mandi A. Yard

2. kamar tidur B. Garage
3. kamar dahar C. Living room
4. lawang D. Bathroom
5. jobin E. Kitchen
6. jendela F. Bedroom
7. garasi G. Door
8. kamar tamu H. Dining room
9. kantor I. Floor
10. plataran J. Office
11. pawon K. Window

123
 3. Complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks with a word from the list
written in the box. Check your work with the Answer Key.

Garasi Kamar tidur Antene Plataran Pawon Kamar tamu lan kamar dahar

1. Wonten _________________________ ing payon.

2. Wonten _________________________ antawis kantor lan kamar mandi.
3. Wonten _________________________ ing ngajeng griya.
4. Wonten pawon antawis _____________________________.

4. Draw a plan of your house and tell your partner in Javanese the types of rooms you
have and where they are located. Work in pairs or in small groups.

5. Match the following questions with the correct answers. Check your work with the
Answer Key.

A Wonten pundhi kamar mandi? 1. Inggih, kita gadah garasi.

B. Woten pundhi pawon?
C. Wonten pundhi kamar tidur?
D. Wonten kamar dahar ing nggriya panjenengan?
E. Wonten garasi ing nggriya panjenengan?
F. Wonten kamar tidur pinten ing nggriya
panjenengan?
G. Wonten hasement ing nggriya panjenengan?
2. Kamar tidur wonten sebelah kamar tamu.
3. Inggih, wonten basement ageng ing nggriya kita..
4. Wonten kamar tidur tiga ing nggriya kita.
5. Pawon wonten lantai setunggal.
6. Kamar mandi wonten sebelah kamar tidur.
7. Mboten, mboten wonten kamar dahar ing nggriya kita.

Grammar note: To say “how much” or “how many” in Javanese, we say “Pinten …?” For
example, “How much is the price of …?” “Pinten regi …?” “How many people are there?”
“Tiang pinten?”

124
6. Work in pairs or in small groups. Pretend that you want to buy a house. Your classmate
is a real estate agent. Make up a dialogue using the model below.

MODEL:
A. I want to buy a two-story house.
A. Kula kepengin tumbas griya loteng.

B. There is a nice small house next to the market.

B. Wonten griya alit nanging sae wonten sebelah peken.

A. How many bedrooms does the house have?

A. Wonten kamar tidur pinten ing nggriya panjenengan?

B. It has one bedroom.

B. Wonten setunggal kamar tidur ing nggriya punika.

A. How many bathrooms are there in the house?

A. Wonten kamar mandi pinten ing nggriya punika?

B. There is a big wonderful bathroom in the house.

B. Wonten kamar mandi sae sanget ing nggriya punika.

A. Is there a kitchen in the house?

A. Wonten pawon ing nggriya punika?

B. Yes, there is.

B. Inggih. Wonten.

7. Familiarize yourself with these terms for furniture and furnishings. Listen and
repeat after the speaker.

Bathtub Bed Bookcase Chair Closet

Bak mandi Tempat tidur Rak buku Kursi Lemari

Table Refrigerator Dresser Lamp Microwave oven

Meja Lemari es Laci-laci Lampu Mikrowef

125
 Radio Carpet Sink Sofa Stove
Radio Karpet Bak cuci tangan Dipan Kompor

Telephone Television Toaster Toilet

Telepon Televisi Panggangan roti Kloset; kakus

8. Below is a chart with rooms you would find in a typical home. Under each room, list in
the Javanese the furniture and furnishings (from the list above) that you would expect to
find there. Some items will be used more than once.

Pawon Kamar dahar Kamar tidur Kamar tidur Kamar mandi

9. Work in pairs or small groups. Using the chart above, ask each other questions in
Javanese about the furniture in your rooms.

MODEL:
1. What do you have in your kitchen?
1. Wonten punapa ing pawon panjenengan?
2. What do you have in your dining room?
2. Wonten punapa ing kamar dahar panjenengan?
I have a stove, a…. in my kitchen.
Wonten kompor … ing pawon kula.
I have a table, a….in my dining room.
Wonten meja … ing kamar dahar kula.

126
 10. Listen and read along as a speaker talks about his home and then answer the
questions about the passage. Check your work with the Answer Key.

Nami kula Suraja. Kula, semah kula lan anak kula kalih manggen wonten Bogor.
Kita gadah griya loteng alit.
Bapak kula ugi manggen ing nggriya kita.
Ing nggriya kula wonten kamar tidur kalih ing tingkat kalih;
setunggal kamar tidur kangge anak jaler kalih kula,
lan setunggal kamar tidur kangge bapak kula.
Kula lan semah kula tilem wonten kamar tidur ing tingkat setunggal.
Wonten kamar mandi kalih ing nggriya kula.
Wonten pawon ageng, lan kompor, oven, tuwin bak cuci lan lemari es.
Ing pawon wonten meja ageng kangge neda.
Mboten wonten kamar dahar ing nggriya kita.
Wonten kamar tamu wonten dipan, meja, kursi kalih, lan televisi alit.
Saksampunipun neda ndalu, kula lan keluarga kula nonton televisi.

A. Where does the family live?

B. How many people live in the house?
C. Is the house one story or two stories?
D. How many bedrooms are there?
E. How many bedrooms are on the first floor? Who sleeps there?
F. How many bathrooms are there in the house?
G. Where do they eat their meals?
H. What does the family do in the evening after dinner?

127
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the speaker and circle the terms that you hear. Check your work with
the Answer Key

1. kitchen bathroom bedroom

2. lamp oven closet
3. toilet bathtub sink
4. chair sofa bed
5. garage window carpet
6. radio toaster television
7. second floor first floor floor

2. You have a guest in your home. Give him/her answers in Javanese to the following
questions.

Wonten pundi kamar mandi?

Wonten pundi pawon?
Wonten pinten kamar tidur ing nggriya panjenengan?
Wonten pundi telepon?
Pareng kula nonton televisi?
Wonten pundi panjenengan neda wanci ndalu?
Kapan panjenengan wungu wanci injing?
Jam pinten panjenengan tindak nyambut damel?

128
Vocabulary List

Bathroom Kamar mandi

Bathtub Bak mandi
Bed Tempat tidur
Bedroom Kamar tidur
Bookcase Rak buku
Chair Kursi
Closet Lemari
Table Meja
Dining room Kamar dahar
Door Lawang
Dresser Laci-Laci
First floor Lantai ngandap
Floor Jobin
Garage Garasi
Kitchen Pawon
Lamp Lampu
Living room Kamar tamu
Microwave oven Mikrowef
One-story Setunggal tingkat
Oven Kompor
Radio Radio
Roof Payon
Carpet Karpet
Second floor Tingkat kalih
Sink Bak cuci tangan
Sofa Dipan
Stove Kompor
Television Televisi
Toaster Pembakar roti
Toilet Kakus; kloset
Two-story Kalih tingkat
Window Jendela

129
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
1. D Bathroom Kamar mandi
2. F Bedroom Kamar tidur
3. H Dining room Kamar dahar
4. G Door Lawang
5. I Floor Jobin
6. K Window Jendela
7. B Garage Garasi
8. C Living room Kamar tamu
9. J Office Kantor
10. A Yard Pelataran
11. E Kitchen Pawon

Exercise 3
1. Wonten antene ing payon.
2. Wonten kamar tidur antawis kantor lan kamar mandi.
3. Wonten pelataran ing ngajeng nggriya.
4. Wonten pawon antawis kamar tamu lan kamar dahar.

Exercise 5
A 6
B 5
C 2
D 7
E 1
G 3
F 4

Exercise 10
My name is Suraja. I live with my wife and two children in Bogor. We have a small two-story
house. My father lives with us. The house has two bedrooms on the second floor; one for our
two sons and one for my father. My wife and I sleep in the bedroom on the first floor. We have
two bathrooms. We have a large kitchen with a stove, oven, sink and refrigerator. In the kitchen
there is a large table where we eat. We do not have a dining room. Our living room has a sofa, a
table, two chairs, and a small television. In the evening after dinner, my family and I watch
television.

A. Where does the family live? Bogor

A. Keluarga punika manggen wonten pundi? Bogor

B. How many people live in the house? five

B. Tiang pinten manggen wonten nggriya punika? gangsal

130
C. Is the house one story or two stories? two-story
C. Griya punika setunggal utawi kalih tingkat? kalih tingkat

D. How many bedrooms are there? three

D. Pinten kamar tidur ing nggriya punika? tiga

E. How many bedrooms are on the first floor? Who sleeps there? one, husband and wife
E. Wonten pinten kamar tidur ing tingkat setunggal? Sinten tilem ing ngriku? Setunggal,
bojo lan semahipun

F. How many bathrooms are there in the house? two

F. Wonten pinten kamar mandi ing nggriya punika? kalih

G. Where do they eat their meals? in the kitchen

G. Wonten pundi tiang-tiang punika nedo? wonten pawon

H. What does the family do in the evening after dinner? watch television
H. Punapa kesibukan keluarga punika wanci dalu saksampunipun neda? Mriksani televisi

End of Lesson Exercise 1

1. kamar mandi bathroom

2. lampu lamp
3. bak cuci tangan sink
4. tempat tidur bed
5. jendela window
6. radio radio
7. lantai ngandap first floor

131
 Lesson 11
Weather and Seasons
Hawa lan Musim

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Vocabulary related to weather, seasons, and climate
- How to ask for and give temperatures
- How to understand weather reports
- How to discuss the weather and climate in Javanese.

1. Listen to the weather terms as they are read aloud. Repeat the weather terms after the speaker.

Rain Sun Wind

jawah srengenge angin

Snow Fog Clouds

salju pedhut mega

2. Match the pictures with the correct weather term. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

Angin
Srengenge
Jawah
Salju

132
 3. What do you hear? Circle the terms you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check your work in
the Answer Key.
PLAY AUDIO

Jawah Srengenge
Salju Angin
Mega Pedhut

4. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to the weather. Pause the recording as
many times as you need. Repeat after the speaker.

Temperature Suhu
Fahrenheit Parenhet
Celsius Selsius
Weather Hawa
Weather forecast Ramalan hawa
Weather report Lapuran hawa
Winter Mangsa salju
Spring Mangsa semi
Summer Mangsa ketiga
Fall Mangsa gugur
Clear Terang
Cloudy Mendung
Overcast Mendung
Windy Kathah angin
Cold Asrep
Low temperature Suhu andap
Freezing Beku
Below freezing Sak ngandapipun beku
Warm Anget
High temperature Suhu inggil
Hot Benter
Dry Ketiga
Sunny Panas (lit. hot)
Rainy Jawah
Humid Lembab
Muggy Sumuk

Grammar note: Indonesians do not use the word “sunny” as much, since the country receives sunlight almost
year round. Indonesians emphasize more on the degree of heat by saying “hot – benter/panas” and hotter –
benter/panas sanget.” Although Indonesia does not have snow, the word for it, “salju,” is used in Indonesian and
Javanese. Humidity is very high throughout Indonesia. The most common way to break the ice is by saying
“It’s very muggy, isn’t it?” “Sumuk sanget nggih?”

133
 5. Listen to the typical questions and responses about the weather. Repeat them after the speaker.

How is the weather in December? Kados pundi hawanipun ing wulan Desember?
It’s cold and snowy. Asrep lan wonten salju.

How is the weather in April? Kados pundi hawanipun ing wulan April?
It’s warm and clear. Anget lan terang.

How is the weather in July? Kados pundi hawanipun ing wulan Juli?
It’s sunny and hot. Panas lan benter.

How is the weather in October? Kados pundi hawanipun ing wulan Oktober?
It’s windy and rainy. Kathah angin lan jawah.

6. Read the following short dialogues on weather and match each one to a picture below. Check your
work with the Answer Key.

1. Kados pundi hawanipun dinten meniko?

Mendung lan jawah.

2. Pinten suhunipun?
28 derajat selsius. Anget sanget lan terang.

3. Kados pundi hawanipun wonten mrika?

Wonten salju lan sak ngandapipun beku.

4. Meniko panas?
Mboten, wonten pedhut lan asrep.

A #____________ B #_______________

134
 C #_____________ D #_____________

7. Work with a partner. Complete the dialogues according to the models in Exercise 5 and Exercise 6.
Use the vocabulary given below.

panas jawah benter asrep terang lembab

wonten pedhut mendung mendung sak ngandapipun beku anget ketiga

Kados pundi hawanipun wonten ing wulan Januari?

Kados pundi hawanipun wonten ing wulan Mei?

Kados pundi hawanipun wonten ing wulan Agustus?

Kados pundi hawanipun wonten ing wulan Nopember?

8. Work with a partner. Put the given words in the correct order so that you can ask a question and give
an answer about the weather in different places. Check your work with the Answer Key.

MODEL:
wonten/ Jakarta/ jawah/ wulan Desember/ meniko / mboten/ salju/ wonten ing/

Siswa 1: Meniko jawah wonten Jakarta wonten ing wulan Desember?

Siswa 2: Mboten, jawah wonten Jakarta wonten ing wulan Desember.

1) Yogya/ benter/ wonten/ meniko / Inggih/ wulan Juni/ wonten ing / lan / panas.
2) Bandung/ wonten ing / asrep/ wulan Nopember/ meniko / mboten/ lan/ anget/ wonten / mboten wonten/ angin
3) Wulan Maret/ meniko / jawah/ wonten/ Inggih/ wonten ing / Magelang

135
 9. Listen to the speaker. Mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

1. A. The weather in September is rainy and cool.

B. The weather in September is rainy and warm.
C. The weather in September is dry and warm.

2. A. What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Celsius.

B. What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Fahrenheit.
C. What is the temperature today? It is 32 degrees Fahrenheit..

3. A. Is it cold in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny.

B. Is it cold in spring? Yes, it’s cold and rainy.
C. Is it cold in summer? No, it’s warm and sunny.

4. A. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Sunny and warm.

B. What is the weather forecast for Sunday? Sunny and cold.
C. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Sunny and cold.

5. A. The summers are hot and sunny. The winters are cold and rainy.;
B. The summers are hot and rainy. The winters are cold and snowy.
C. The summers are hot and sunny. The winters are cold and snowy.

10. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to weather and natural disasters. Pause
the recording as many times as you need. Repeat after the speaker.

Lightning Thunderstorm Tornado

kilat gledheg, bledhek angin lesus

136
 Hurricane Flood
angin topan banjir

11. What do you hear? Circle the three terms you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.
PLAY AUDIO

bledheg angin lesus kilat angin topan banjir

12. Answer the questions in Javanese. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. Is it a thunderstorm? B. Is it a flood? C. Is it a hurricane?

Meniko gledheg? Meniko banjir? Meniko angin topan?
No, it’s …….. No, it’s …….. . No, it’s …….. .
Sanes, meniko …. Sanes, meniko …. Sanes, meniko ….

D. Is it a tornado? E. Is it lightning?
Meniko angin lesus? Meniko kilat?
No, it’s …….. . No, it’s ……. .
Sanes, meniko …. Sanes, meniko ….

137
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following weather report for four different cities in Indonesia. In English, fill in the
chart below with the weather and temperature for each city. Pause or replay the audio if needed. Check
your work with the Answer Key.

City 1
City 2
City 3
City 4

City Weather Temperature

1.
2.
3.
4.

2. Listen to the following weather report and answer the questions below. Check your work with
the Answer Key.
PLAY AUDIO

1. What city is the weather report for?

2. What is the date?
3. What day of the week is this?
4. What is the forecast for today?
5. What will be the high and low temperatures for today?
6. What is the forecast for tomorrow?
7. What will be the high and low temperatures for tomorrow?
8. What time of the day tomorrow is the high temperature expected?
9. Are the temperatures in Fahrenheit, Celsius, or was it not mentioned?

138
3. Working in pairs or small groups, describe the pictures. Use the vocabulary you’ve learned in this
lesson and compose a story to match the pictures. Include the season of the year, the name of the month,
the type of weather it seems to be, etc.

139
Vocabulary List

Weather hawa
Weather forecast ramalan hawa
Weather report lapuran hawa
Rain jawah
Sun sengrenge
Wind angin
Snow salju
Fog pedhut
Lightning kilat
Thunderstorm gledheg, bledhek
Tornado angin topan
Hurricane clouds mego angin lesus
Rainy jawah
Sunny panas
Cloudy mendung
Freezing beku
Clear terang
Temperature suhu
Fahrenheit parenhet
Celsius selsius
Hot benter, panas
Cold asrep
Warm anget
Dry ketiga
Overcast mendung
Windy kathah angin
Winter mangsa salju
Spring mangsa semi
Summer mangsa benter
Fall mangsa gugur
High inggil
Low andap
Maybe, perhaps mbok bilih, blok menawi

140
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
Wind Angin
Sun Srengenge
Rain Jawah
Snow Salju

Exercise 3
A. Sun Srengenge
B. Wind Angin
C. Clouds Mega

Exercise 6
A 4 It’s foggy and cold.
B 1 It is overcast and raining.
C 2 It is 28 degrees Celsius! It is very warm and clear.
D 3 It’s snowing and below freezing.

Exercise 8
1) Is it hot and sunny in Yogya in June? Yes, it is hot and sunny in Yogya in June.
Meniko benter lan panas wonten Yogya wonten ing wulan Juni? Inggih, meniko benter lan panas wonten Yogya
wonten ini wulan Juni.
2) Is it warm in Bandung in November? No. it is cold and windy.
Meniko anget wonten Bandung wonten ing wulan Nopember? Mboten, meniko asrep lan kathah angin wonten
Bandung wonten ini wulan Nopember.
3) Is it rainy in Magelang in March? Yes, it is rainy in Magelang in March.
Meniko jawah wonten Magelang wonten ing wulan Maret? Inggih, meniko jawah wonten Magelang wonten ini
wulan Maret.

Exercise 9
1. B The weather in September is rainy and warm. Hawanipun wonten wulan September jawah lan anget.
2. B What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Fahrenheit. Kados undit suhunipun dinten meniko?
Suhunipun 22 derajat Parenhet.
3. A Is it cold in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny. Meniko asrep wonten mangsa semi? Mboten, anget lan
benter.
4. C What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Sunny and cold. Kados pundi ramalaning hawa mbenjang?
Benter lan asrep.
5. C The summers are hot and sunny. The winters are cold and snowy. Mangsa ketigo benter lan panas.
Mangsa salju asrep lan kathah salju.

Exercise 11
thunderstorm gledheg
lightning kilat
flood banjir

141
Exercise 12
A. Is it a thunderstorm? No, it is lightning.
Meniko gledheg? Sanes, meniko kilat.
B. Is it a flood? No, it is a tornado.
Meniko banjir? Sanes, meniko angin lesus.
C. Is it a hurricane? No, it is a thunderstorm.
Meniko angin topan? Sanes, meniko gledheg.
D. Is it a tornado? No, it is a flood.
Meniko angin lesus? Sanes, meniko banjir.
E. Is it lightning? No, it is a hurricane.
Meniko kilat? Sanes, meniko angin topan.

End of Lesson Exercise 1

City Weather Temperature
1. Surakarta benter lan jawah 32 derajat selsius
2. Semarang asrep lan mendung 25 derajat selsius
3. Surabaya mendung lan kathah angin 30 derajat selsius
4. Bogor jawah lan wonten pedhut 28 derajat selsius

1. Surakarta cuacanipun benter lan jawah. Suhunipun 32 derajat selsius.

2. Semarang cuacanipun asrep lan mendung. Suhunipun 25 derajat selsius.
3. Surabaya cuacanipun mendung lan kathah angin. Suhunipun 30 derajat selsius.
4. Bogor cuacanipun jawah lan wonten pedhut. Suhunipun 28 derajat selsius.
English:
1. In Surakarta the weather is hot and rainy. The temperature is 32 degree Celsius.
2. In Semarang the weather is cold and cloudy. The temperature is 25 degree Celsius.
3. In Surabaya the weather is cloudy and windy. The temperature is 30 degree Celsius.
4. In Bogor the weather is rainy and foggy. The temperature is 28 degree Celsius.

Exercise 2
1. What city is the weather report for? Jakarta
2. What is the date? April 21
3. What day of the week is this? Friday
4. What is the forecast for today? Rainy with a chance of a thunderstorm this evening
5. What will be the high and low temperatures for today? High of 18 and low of 8
6. What is the forecast for tomorrow? Cloudy in the morning but sunny in the afternoon
7. What will be the high and low temperatures for tomorrow? A high of 22 and low of 12
8. What time of the day tomorrow is the high temperature expected? 3:00 pm
9. Are the temperatures in Fahrenheit, Celsius, or was it not mentioned? Celsius

Meniko ramalan hawa wonten Jakarta dinten Jumat tanggal 21 (selikur) wonten ing wulan April. Dinten meniko
hawanipun badhe jawah lan mbok bilih wonten gledheg lan petir sonten meniko. Mbenjang hawa badhe
mendung enjangipun naming panas siangipun. Bakalipun ugi kathah angin. Suhu andap dinten meniko badhe 8
(wolung) derajat selsius lan suhu inggilipun 18 (wolulas). Suhu inggil wonten dinten Sabtu badhe 22 (kalih
kalih likur) jam 3:00 (tigo) siang lan suhu andapipun 12 (kalih welas) derajat

142
This is the weather report for Jakarta for Friday the 21st of April. Today’s weather will be rainy with a chance
of a thunderstorm this evening. Tomorrow’s weather will be cloudy in the morning, but sunny in the afternoon.
It will also be windy. The low temperature for today will be 8 degrees Celsius with a high temperature of 18.
Saturday’s high temperature will be 22 at 3:00 in the afternoon and the low temperature will be 12 degrees.

143
 Lesson 12
Personal Appearance
Candraning Awak

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Physical features (hair color, weight, height, etc.)
- Articles of clothing
- Colors
- Description of a person’s physical appearance, including the clothing
- Appropriate ways to ask about someone’s appearance.

1. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the
descriptions of people’s appearances.

Tall Short Heavy Thin Young Old

inggil andap lema kera enem sepuh

Short Long Blond Red Gray

cendhak dawa semu abrit abrit klawu, abu-abu

144
 2. Look at the pictures below and listen to the descriptions of people’s appearances.

This woman is young. This man is also young.

Wanita niki enem. Priya niki ugi enem.
She is tall and thin. He has an average height and medium frame.
Piyambakipun inggil lan kera. Piyambakipun sedengan inggilipun lan dedegipun.

Cultural note:
Personal appearance is considered very important in Indonesia. Indonesian people want to be seen as clean and
presentable. That is why it is common for people to ask “Anda sudah mandi?” which literally means “Have you
bathed”. This question can be considered rude to those from the West. However, it is important to remember that
since the country is hot and humid almost year round, taking a bath or shower is very helpful in keeping the
body fresh. Indonesians also tend to wear perfume more because of constant perspiration.

In general there is no difference in the adjectives used to describe a men and women’s physical appearance.
Though, as in English, “tampan” or “handsome” typically refers to men, while the word “cantik,” meaning
“beautiful” would describe a woman.

3. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary which describes
hair. Listen to the speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook.

Blond semu abrit

Brown soklat
Red abrit, abang
Gray klawu, abu-abu
Curly brintik, kriting
Straight lempeng

145
This young woman has short brown hair. This young man also has short brown hair.
Wanita enem niki rambutipun soklat cendhak. Priya enem niki rambutipun ugi soklat cendhak.

The young girl has long blond hair. The old man has gray hair.
Lare setri niki rambutipun semu abrit dawa. Priya sepuh niki rambutipun abu-abu.

4. Work with a partner. Look at the pictures and describe each of the people. See if your partner can
correctly identify the body type and their color and style of hair from your description.

146
 5. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the
speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook.

Ear Nose Eye Mouth Glasses Beard

kuping irung mripat cangkem kacatingal brewok

Light Skin Medium Skin Dark Skin

kulit kuning langsat kulit sawo mateng kulit cemeng

6. Choose the characteristics and adjectives used to describe each feature from the lists above. Fill in the
chart below in Javanese. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

Hair Skin Height Frame Facial Features

7. In each line of text below, cross out the term that does not logically belong. Check your work with the
Answer Key.

biru ijem kera soklat

cendhak, cendhek kacatingal inggil sedengan
irung brewok lema mripat
semu abrit klawu, abu-abu inggilipun cemeng

147
 8. Listen to the descriptions of different people’s appearances while reading the following
dialogues. Answer the questions under the box. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. Werni rambutinpun Siti punopo?

Rambutipun soklat
Rambutipun Siti dawa punopo cendhak?
Cendhak.
Rambutipun Siti brintik punopo lempeng?
Lempeng

2. Punopo Joko ngangem kacatingal?

Mboten, piyambakipun mboten ngagem kacatingal.
Punopo werni mripatipun Joko?
Mripatipun biru.

3. Punopo Bambang inggil?

Piyambakipun sedengan inggilipun.
Punopo piyambakipun lema?
Mboten, piyambakipun kera.

1. How many people were described?

2. What were their names?
3. What kind of hair does Siti have?
4. Does Joko wear glasses?
5. Does Joko have brown eyes?
6. Is Bambang short and heavy?

9. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary on clothing and colors. Listen and repeat after the
speaker.

Black cemeng
Gray klawu, abu-abu
Green ijem
Red abrit, abang
Blue biru
Yellow jene
White pethak

148
 Red Coat Gray Suit Tan Pants Blue Jeans
jaket wanita abrit setelan jas abu-abu celana soklat enem celana jeans biru

Green Jacket Brown Sweater Orange Shirt Blue T-Shirt

jaket ijem sweter soklat ageman oranye kaos biru

Green Skirt Purple Dress White Sweat Suit Yellow Shorts

ageman ijem ageman dawa wungu ageman olahraga celana cekak jene
pethak

Brown Boots Blue Shoes Black Hat Gray Uniform

sepatu boot soklat sepatu biru topi cemeng seragam abu-abu

149
 Black Socks White Socks
kaos suku cemeng kaos suku pethak

10. Match each description with the corresponding picture and fill in the blank with the correct letter.
Note that there could be more than one match for each description. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

A B C D E

1._______wanita sepuh. 6._______ibu enem.

2._______rambutipun semu abrit 7._______inggil lan kera.
3._______ rambutipun soklat dawa. 8._______ngagem ageman jene.
4._______ngagem setelan jas abu-abu. 9._______ngagem kaos biru.
5._______ngagem celana biru. 10.______lema.

11. Translate the following descriptions into English. Check your work in the Answer
Key

A. Sri inggil lan kera. Piyambakipun umuripun 30 taun. Piyambakipun rambutipun semu abrit
brintik, mripatipun ijem lan kulitipun kuning langsat.

B. Harto inggil lan lema. Piyambakipun umuripun 45 taun. Piyambakipun rambutipun cendhak
abu-abu, mripatipun biru lan kulitipun kuning langsat.

C. Prajuritipun rambutipun cemeng cendhak. Piyambakipun cendhek lan kera.

D. Lare enem umuripun 10 taun. Piyambakipun inggil lan kera. Piyambakipun rambutipun soklat
dawa, mripatipun soklat lan kulitipun cemeng.

150
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Describe the people you see in the pictures. For each person, include the approximate age, skin tone,
color and length of hair, and what they are wearing. Use the model in Exercise 2 below.

1 2 3

4 5 6

2. Come up with a simple description for each of the people listed below. (You may substitute any
individual you wish for those listed.) Be sure to include hair color and length, approximate height and
age, eye color, and skin tone.

MODEL:
My mother is 63 years old. She is tall and has a medium frame. She has short, gray hair and brown eyes. She
has light skin. She wears glasses.

A. Mother
B. Father
C. Co-worker
D. President of the United States
E. Your next door neighbor

151
 3. Work in pairs and pretend that you and your partner are roommates. When you went to the store,
someone came to visit you. Now you are back. Ask your roommate questions about that person’s
appearance. Your partner will describe the visitor. In Javanese describe their looks. Are they tall or
short? Heavy or thin? What kind of hair do they have? What were they wearing? What colors were the
clothes?

152
Vocabulary List

Average sedengan
Beard brewok, jenggot
Black cemeng
Blond semu abrit
Blue biru
Blue jeans jeans biru
Boots sepatu boot
Brown soklat
Color werni
Curly brintik
Dark cemeng
Dress ageman
Ears kuping
Eyes mripat
Face rai
Frame dedeg
Glasses kacatingal
Gray klawu, abu-abu
Green ijem
Hair rambut, rikma
Hat topi
Jacket jaket
Large ageng, jembar
Light padhang
Long dawa, panjang
Man priya
Medium sedengan
Mouth cangkem, tutuk
Nose irung
Old sepuh
Pants celana
Red abrit, abang
Shirt ageman
Shoes sepatu
Short cendhak, cendhek, pendek
Skin kulit
Skirt ageman
Small alit
Straight lempeng
Suit setelan jas
Sweater sweter
Sweats kringet
Tall inggil
Thin kera

153
To wear ngagem
T-shirt kaos
White pethak
Woman wanita
Yellow jene
Young enem

154
ANSWER KEY

Exercise 6
Hair Skin Height Frame Facial Features
cendhak kuning langsat Inggil lema kuping
dawa sawo mateng cendhek kera irung
semu abrit cemeng mripat
abrit cangkem
klawu, abu-abu kacatingal
brewok

Exercise 7
1. thin kera
2. glasses kacatingal
3. heavy lema
4. height inggilipun

Exercise 8
1. How many people were described? Three
2. What were their names? Siti, Joko, and Bambang
3. What kind of hair does Siti have? Short, straight, brown
4. Does Joko wear glasses? No
5. Does Joko have brown eyes? No, he has blue eyes.
6. Is Bambang short and heavy? No, average height and thin.

Exercise 10

1. D is an old woman. wanita sepuh.

2. E has blond hair. rambutipun semu abrit
3. B has long brown hair. rambutipun soklat dawa.
4. A is wearing a gray suit ngagem setelan jas abu-abu.
5. E is wearing blue pants. ngagem celana biru.
6. C is a young mother. ibu enem.
7. C is tall and thin. inggil lan kera.
8. C is wearing a yellow dress. ngagem ageman jene.
9. B is wearing a blue t-shirt. ngagem kaos biru.
10. A is heavy. lema.

Exercise 11
1. Sri is tall and thin. She is 30 years old. She has blond curly hair, green eyes, and fair skin.
2. Harto is tall and heavy. He is 45 years old. He has short gray hair, blue eyes, and light skin.
3. The soldier has dark short hair. He is short and thin.
4. The young girl is 10 years old. She is tall and thin. She has long brown hair, brown eyes, and dark
skin.

155
 Lesson 13
Transportation
Angkutan

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Verbs of motion
- Asking questions about different modes of transportation
- Different types of transportation available in Indonesia.

Indonesia's transport system has been shaped over time by the economic resource base of an
archipelago with thousands of islands, and the distribution of its more than 200 million people;
most of whom are highly concentrated on a single island which is Java. All transport modes play
a role in the country’s transport system and are generally complementary, rather than
competitive. Road transport is predominant, with a total system length of 370,500 km in 2003.
The railway system has four unconnected networks in Java and Sumatra primarily dedicated to
transporting bulk commodities and long-distance passenger traffic. Sea transport is extremely
important for economic integration and for domestic and foreign trade. It is well developed, with
each of the major islands having at least one significant port city. The role of inland waterways is
relatively minor and is limited to certain areas of Eastern Sumatra and Kalimantan. The function
of air transport is significant, particularly where land or water transport is deficient or non-
existent. It is based on an extensive domestic airline network where all major cities can be
reached by passenger plane. A wide variety of vehicles are used for transportation on Indonesia's
roads.

Bus services are available in most areas connected to the road network. Between major cities,
especially on Sumatra, Java, and Bali, services are frequent and direct; many services are
available with no stops until the final destination. In more remote areas, and between smaller
towns, most services are provided with minibuses or small vans. Buses and vans are also the
primary form of transportation within cities. Many cities and towns have some form of
transportation for hire available as well, such as taxis, busways and motorized autorickshaws
(bajaj). Cycle rickshaws, called becak in Indonesia, are common in many cities, and provide an
inexpensive form of in-town transportation. They have been blamed for causing traffic
congestion and banned from most parts of central Jakarta. Horse-drawn carts are found in some
cities and towns. Private cars are far too expensive for the majority of the population, and are
uncommon except in larger cities. Indonesia has about 213,649 km of paved highways and about
154,711 km of unpaved highways (2002 estimate). Indonesia has some toll roads. The most
expensive is the Cipularang Toll road that connects Jakarta and Bandung.

156
 1. Listen and repeat the following words as you read along.

Airplane Bicycle Ship Bus

montor mabur sepeda = pit kapal bis

Car Ferry Boat Helicopter

montor kapal feri = perahu tambang helikopter

Motorcycle Taxi Train Truck

sepeda montor = motor taksi sepur trek, prahoto

Grammar note:
“To walk” is “mlampah” – Kula mlampah dateng perpustakaan.
“To drive” is “nyetir” – Kula nyetir montor dateng rumah sakit.
“To ride” is “numpak” – Piyambakipun numpak taksi dateng mesjid.

“perpustakaan” is “library”
“mesjid” is “mosque”
“rumah sakit ” is “hospital”
“konser” is “concert”
“pompa bensin” or “pom bengsin” is “gas station”

157
 2. Listen to the questions and answers about using different forms of transportation.
Repeat after the speaker as you read along.

How do you go to work?

Kados pundhi panjenengan tindak dateng kantor? = Mawi menapa panjenengan tindak dateng kantor?

How do you go to work? (Literally, “By what means of transporation do you go to work?”)
Panjengan nitih punopa dateng kantor?

by car car
numpak montor montor
by bus bus
numpak bis bis
by train train
numpak sepur sepur I walk
I go I take the
by bicycle bicycle Kula
Kula Kula
numpak sepeda sepeda mlaku
bidal numpak
by boat boat (mlampah)
numpak kapal kapal
by motorcycle motorcycle
numpak sepeda montor sepeda montor
by truck truck
numpak trek trek

Grammar note:
MODEL:
Who + the verb of motion + mode of transportation + destination
Example: I ride a bus to school.

Kulo numpak sepeda montor dateng rumah sakit.

Pak Mitro nitih taksi dateng kantor.
Presiden nitih montor mabur dateng Amerika Serikat.

Note:
“numpak” is used when the subject is yourself or someone who is younger, of equal age or lower
in status.
“nitih” is used when the subject is someone who is older, respected or of higher status.

158
 3. Read each statement below and match it to the correct picture. Check your work with
the Answer Key.

1 2 3

4 5 6

A. Kula numpak bis dateng sekolah saben enjang (= injing).

B. Tentara-tentara nitih trek militer.
C. Wanci jawah, kita numpak taksi.
D. Kula nyetir montor kula dateng kantor.
E. Kanca kula numpak sepeda piyambakipun dateng kantor.
F. Kangmas kula nitih sepeda montor.

4. Practice creating complete sentences out of the words below. Use the following model.

MODEL:
Who + the verb of motion + mode of transportation + destination

Example: I ride a bus to school.

I motorcycle my brother to ride to school bicycle our parents car

Kula sepeda kangmas nitih dateng sekolah sepeda tiyang sepuh montor
montor kula kita

airport my friend concert library to drive train taxi bus to walk

bandara kanca kula konser perpustakaan nyetir sepur taksi bis mlampah

159
Example:
The situation: You need to go to the post office, but don’t know how to get there. Ask a stranger
on the street how to get there.

Excuse me; I want to go to the post office. How do I get there (lit. what do I have to take)?
Nyuwun sewu, kula badhe bidal dateng kantor pos. Kula kedhah numpak punopo?

Bus number 14.

Bis nomer 14.

What time does the bus arrive?

Jam pinten bisipun dateng?

In a short while.
Sekedap malih.

Thank you.
Matur nuwun.

5. Listen to and read along with the following exchanges. Repeat after the speaker.

Excuse me. I want to go to the library. How do I get there (lit. “what do I have to take?”)
Kula badhe bidal (= kesah)dateng perpustakaan. Kula kedhah numpak punopo?
Take bus number 14.
Nitih bis nomer 14.
Thanks.
Matur nuwun
You are welcome.
Sami-sami.

How do I get to the hospital?

Kados pundi kula saget bidal (= kesah) dateng rumah sakit? = Mawi menapa kula saget bidal
dateng gria sakit?
Take a taxi.
Nitih taksi. = Mawi taksi.
Thank you very much.
Matur nuwun sanget.
You are welcome.
Sami-sami.

Please tell me how to get to the hotel from the airport?

Nyuwun pirso kados pundi kula bidal (= kesah) saking hotel meniko dateng bandara? = Nyuwun
pirso, mawi menapa kula saget bidal saking hotel meniko dateng bandara?

160
 Take the train.
Nitih sepur. = Mawi sepur.
What number?
Nomer pinten?
Train number 22.
Sepur nomer 22.

6. Working with a partner, make up similar exchanges as in the above exercise. Use the
words from Exercise 5 and the pictures below to choose the destination.

7. Now listen to the dialogues and mark the statement that you hear. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

1. A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car.

B. Do you take a bus to the concert? No, I take my car
C. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take the bus.

2. A. What bus should I take to the post office. Bus number 18.
B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street.
C. Which exit do I take to go to the post office? Exit at road number 18

3. A. My parents take the bus to work, but we take the train.

B. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the bus.
C. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train.

161
 At a service station

8. Familiarize yourself with the following vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and
follow along in your book.

Gas Bensin, bengsin

Gas station pompa bensin, pom bengsin
Service station Bengkel, bingkil
Diesel disel
Car wash Panggenan nyuci montor
Oil oli
Tires ban
Air angin
Water banyu
Flat tire ban kempes

Grammar note: Javanese use the metric system.

1 gallon = 3.785 liters
1 quart = .946 liters
1 liter = 2.1 pints
10 liters = 2.63 gallons

162
 9. Listen to the people at a service station and find out what each needs. Circle the
English equivalents of the terms you hear. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

A. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash

B. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash

C. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash

D. Air Gas Diesel Tires Oil Car Wash

10. Familiarize yourself with these terms identifying infrastructure.

Road mergi, (informal: dalan)

Highway mergi ageng, (informal: dalan gedhe)
Freeway mergi ageng, (informal: dalan gedhe)
Local road mergi kampung , (informal: dalan kampung)
Railroad rel sepur

163
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Tell how you would get to the following places using various modes of transportation.
Try to make your story interesting and include as many details as you can.

2. Listen and write down the responses to the questions below. Check your work
with the Answer Key.

A. Bensin kulo sampun telas. Pundhi wonten pompa bensin?

B. Kula wonten masalah (= kerepotan) kaliyan ban-ban kula. Kula kedhah punopo?

C. Pinten reginipun bensin per liter?

D. Panjenengan ngersaaken bensin pinten?

164
Vocabulary List

Air angin
Airplane montor mabur
Bicycle sepeda, pit
Boat prahu
Bus bis
Car montor
Car wash panggenan nyuci montor
Concert konser
Diesel disel
Ferry boat kapal feri, perahu tambang
Freeway mergi ageng (informal: dalan gedhe)
Gallon galon
Gas bensin
Helicopter helikopter
Highway mergi ageng (informal: dalan gedhe)
Hospital rumah sakit, gria sakit
Library perpustakaan
Liter liter
Local road mergi kampung (informal: dalan kampung)
Mosque mesjid, mejid
Motorcycle sepeda montor, motor, pit motor
Oil oli
Railroad rel sepur
Service station pompa bensin, pom bengsin
School sekolah
Ship kapal
Taxi taksi
Tire/tires ban, ban-ban
Train sepur
Truck trek, prahoto
Water toya (informal: banyu)
Work Damelan (job); penggawean, kantor (lit. office)

165
ANSWER KEY

Exercise 3
1. F. My brother rides a motorcycle.
2. D. I drive my car to go to work.
3. E. My friend rides his bike to work.
4. B. Soldiers ride in an army truck.
5. C. When it’s raining, we take a taxi.
6. A. I take the bus to school every morning.

Exercise 7
1. A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car.
Punopo panjenengan nitih taksi dateng konser? Mboten, kula numpak montor kula.
2. B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street.
Mergi ingkang pundhi kedhah kula lewati dateng kantor pos? Mergi nomer 18.
3. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train.
Tiyang sepuh kula nitih montoripun piyambak dateng kantor, nanging kita numpak
sepur.

Exercise 9
A. Air Tires
B. Gas Oil
C. Gas Car Wash
D. Diesel Oil

End of Lesson Exercise 2

A. I have no gas. Where is the gas station?
A. Bensin kulo sampun telas. Pundhi wonten pompa bensin?
Two kilometers down the freeway.
Kalih kilometer saking mergi ageng meniko.

B. I have a problem with my tire. What should I do?

B. Kula wonten masalah (= kerepotan) kaliyan ban-ban kula. Kula kedhah punopo?
I’ll put some air in the tires for you.
Kula badhe nambah angin wonten ban-ban panjenengan.

C. How much is the gas per liter?

C. Pinten reginipun bensin per liter?
Rp. 4,500 a liter.
Rp. 3,000 per liter.

D. How much gas do you want?

D. Panjenengan ngersaaken bensin pinten?
12 liters please.
12 liter.

166
 Lesson 14
Travel
Lelungan

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Vocabulary related to travel
- How to buy a train, bus, or airplane ticket
- How to understand schedules
- Border crossing and roadblock procedures.

By plane: The only rapid means of long-distance travel within Indonesia is the plane. The largest domestic
carriers are the state-owned Garuda and the private competitor Lion Air, but in recent years a host of low-cost
competitors have sprung up, including Adam Air, Indonesia Air Asia (formerly AWAIR), Air Efata, Batavia
Air, Mandala and many more. Prices are low by international standards, with more or less any domestic return
flight available for under US$100 even on short notice, and fares for a fraction of that if you plan ahead. The
hardest part is often finding what carriers serve what route and making a reservation, as many companies have
not yet discovered the joys of the Internet, much less set up online booking engines. When traveling off the
beaten track, it's imperative to reconfirm early and often, as frequencies are low and paid-up, occasionally even
checked-in passengers are bumped off with depressing regularity if a VIP happens to show up. Make sure you
arrive at the airport at least 2 hours before the departure time, because airline staff will often sell your seat to
other passengers if you are late.
By ferries: Indonesia is all islands and consequently ferries have long been the most popular means of inter-
island travel. The largest company is PELNI, which visits practically every inhabited island in Indonesia.
Schedules are notional, creature comforts sparse and safety records poor. Try to scout out what, if any, safety
devices are on board and consider postponing your trip if the weather looks bad. You may be harassed by
people onboard trying to extract extra money under some dubious excuse. Feel free to ignore them, although on
the upside, it may be possible to bribe your way to a better class of accommodation.
By train: There are three types of service: Air-conditioned Eksekutif class (Executive), Bisnis (Business), and
Ekonomi (economy). Classes are also available for the more budget-conscious traveler, but comfort and safety

167
are noticeably less (due to congestion and length of travel time).No sleeping car service is provided in
Indonesia, and the best accommodation provided is air-conditioned, adjustable reclining seats in the Argo and
other “eksekutif” class trains. Ticket reservations can be made one month in advance, although generally tickets
will still be available almost to the last minute. An exception is the very busy Lebaran season, in which time it
is not advisable to travel due to the extremely high demand for tickets. No on-line ticket reservation is available,
but availability can be gleaned on PT Kereta Api's ticketing site. Generally, trains in Java travel through scenic
areas, and travelers not in a hurry should consider the length of the journey and the scenery as a bonus to his
travels. However, theft is common, particularly on overnight journeys, so padlock your doors if possible.
By bus: The major types of buses are air-conditioned bus (AC) and non-air-conditioned bus (non-AC or
"economy class"). The air-conditioned chartered buses can be rented with its drivers for a tourist group.
Indonesian bus companies offer intercity and inter-province routes. The inter-province routes usually include
transportation to other islands mainly between Java and Sumatra. Bus maintenance is poor, and drivers are often
drunk, on drugs or just reckless. Long, overnight journeys are particularly dangerous. Guard your bags like a
hawk. In the wilder parts of the country (notably South Sumatra), inter-province buses are occasionally
ambushed by bandits.
By car: Indonesian driving habits are generally atrocious. Lanes are happily ignored, passing habits are suicidal
and driving on the road shoulder is common. Buses are particularly bad, as they both speed like maniacs and
stop without warning to pick up fares. Pedestrians can be found crossing the road anywhere, even across
highways. Police tend to concentrate on extracting bribes, not actually doing anything about the mess. Renting a
car in Indonesia is cheap compared to renting in other countries, and, despite recent fare hikes, gas remains
cheap (fixed price for gasoline is Rp 4500/litre and price of diesel fuel is Rp 4300/litre). To drive a car yourself,
an International Driver Permit is required, but it is strongly recommended that you consider renting a car with
driver, because the additional cost is quite low and having a traffic accident in Indonesia will certainly spoil
your trip. Road condition and road maintenance in Indonesia is poor. If you go outside major cities, you should
use a four-wheel drive car (Kijang jeeps are popular). During rainy season, major roads in Sumatra, Kalimantan
and Sulawesi are flooded for several weeks. Several important, old bridges in Sumatra have collapsed recently.

1. Listen to the following dialogue about buying a ticket at a train station, and read along in the
workbook.

Soldier: Excuse me, ma’am.

Nyuwun sewu, bu.
Ticket Seller: Can I help you?
Punopo ingkang kula saget bantu?
Soldier: I need to buy a ticket to Jakarta.
Kula badhe tumbas karcis dateng Jakarta.
Ticket Seller: Departing on what day?
Badhe bidal dinten punopo?
Soldier: Today.
Dinten meniko.
Ticket Seller: One-way or roundtrip?
Setunggal mergi menopo bidal lan wangsul?
Soldier: Roundtrip.
Bidal lan wangsul.

168
Ticket Seller: First class or second class?
Kelas setunggal menopo kelas kalih?
Soldier: Second class, please.
Kelas kalih.
Ticket Seller: Returning on what day?
Kunduripun dinten punopo?
Soldier: Friday
Jemuah.
Ticket Seller: Morning, afternoon, or evening?
Enjang, siang menopo sonten?
Soldier: Afternoon
Siang.
Ticket Seller: Twenty-two dollars, please. The next train leaves in one hour from platform number 5.
Kalihdasa dolar. Sepur sak lajengipun bidal setunggal jam malih saking peron nomer 5.
Soldier: Thank you. What is the train number?
Matur nuwun. Pinten nomer sepuripun?
Ticket Seller: 76
76 (pitungdasa enem)
Soldier: Is this an express train?
Punopo meniko sepur ekspres?
Ticket Seller: Yes, it is an express train.
Inggih, meniko sepur ekspres.

Grammar note:
“to board” – “minggah”
“to depart” – “bidal”
“to arrive” – “dateng’
“to leave” – “bidal”
“to go” – “kesah”
“to come back” – “balik, wangsul”
“must” – “kedhah”

2. Read the dialogue with a partner. Take turns being the Ticket Seller and Soldier.

3. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute the name of the city where you need to buy a ticket to, the
time and day of arrival and departure, and the price of the ticket.

Grammar note:
To indicate future, Javanese use the word “badhe” to mean “will,” for example: “Kula badhe bidal dateng
Jakarta wulan ngajeng” – “I will go to Jakarta next month.”

169
 4. Listen to the following statements and read along in the workbook.

Attention, passengers! The next express train to Surabaya will depart from platform 10 in 15 minutes.
Perhatian, para penumpang! Sepur ekspres sak lajengipun dateng Surabaya badhe bidal saking peron 10, 15
menit malih.

Attention, passengers! The next local train will arrive at platform 10 in 5 minutes.
Perhatian, para penumpang! Sepur sak lajengipun badhe dateng wonten peron 10, 5 menit malih.

Attention, passengers! Flight number 92 from Solo will be one hour late. Please check the schedule for
updates.
Perhatian, para penumpang! Pesawat nomer 92 saking Solo badhe telat setunggal jam. Supados periksa jadwal
ingkang enggal.

Attention, passengers! The bus from Semarang will arrive at terminal 3 in 10 minutes.
Perhatian, para penumpang! Bis saking Semarang badhe dateng wonten terminal 3, 10 menit malih.

5. Match each picture with the correct Javanese term by writing the term below the correct picture.
Check your work with the Answer Key.

A__________ B__________ C__________

D__________ E__________ F__________

-Para penumpang
-Tas, koper
-Peron
-Jadwal
-Karcis
-Kasir
-Ruang tunggu
G__________ H__________ -Pintu

170
Grammar note:
In Javanese, the words “must’ or “have to” are translated as “kedhah.” For example: “Kula kedhah bidal dateng
Semarang sak meniko” – “I must go to Semarang now.”

6. Listen to the following statements and read along in the workbook.

You must have a ticket to board the train.

Panjengenan kedhah tumbas karcis kangge minggah sepur.

You must have a ticket to board the airplane.

Panjenengan kedhah gadhah karcis kangge minggah pesawat.

Passengers for flight number 25 must go to gate 14.

Para penumpang pesawat nomer 25 kedhah bidal dateng pintu 14.

You must pay for your ticket.

Panjenengan kedhah mbayar karcis panjenengan.

Passengers have to wait in the waiting area.

Para penumpang kedhah nunggu wonten ruang tunggu.

You have to wait for your luggage at the baggage claim area.
Panjenengan kedhah nunggu tas panjengan wonten panggenan mendhet barang.

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct term from the list below. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

Perhatian
Panggenan mendhet barang
Ekspres
Kelas setunggal
Peron
Jadwal
Kelas kalih
Tukang karcis
Pintu

A. Tindak dateng ________________ kangge tumbas karcis-karcisipun.

B. Panjenengan saget mendhet tas panjenengan wonteng __________________.
C. _____________! Para penumpang kedhah gadhah karcis kangge minggah bis.
D. Dipunperiksa _____________ supados mangertos kapan pesawatipun bidal
E. Sepur ________ langkung cepet sebab sepuripun mboten mandheg wonten setasiun-setasiun alit.
F. Saben sepur dateng wanten _____________ inking beda.
G. Perhatian, para penumpang! Pesawat nomer 725 badhe bidhal saking _____________ A 17.

171
8. For each question on the left, there is a corresponding answer on the right. Match them by writing the
letter of each question in the blank line in front of the appropriate answer n the right. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

A. Wonten pundhi kula saget tumbas karcis sepur? 1. ____ Inggih.

B. Kapan bis sak lajengipun dateng Semarang? 2. ____ Bis ingkang sak lajengipun
dateng Semarang bidal 20 menit malih.

C. Pinten reginipun karcis kelas setunggal dateng 3. ____ Wonten tukang karcis celak
Jakarta? peron setunggal.

D. Punopo panjenengan ngersaaken kursi celak 4. ____ Sepuripun badhe dateng wonten
jendela? peron 16 sedasa menit malih.

E. Wonten peron ingkang pundhi sepur ekspres 5. ____ Karcisipun Rp. 200,000
saking Surabaya?

9. Role-play the short dialogues from Exercise 8. Use different cities and numbers.

10. What do you hear? Transcribe each of these three audio sentences. Check your work with the
Answer Key.

1.

2.

3.

172
 At border crossings and roadblocks

11. Listen to these new words and phrases.

Border perbatasan
Customs pabean
Checkpoint panggenan periksa
Roadblock verboden
Passport paspor
Drivers’ license SIM, rebuwes
Documents dokumen
Papers serat-serat, surat-surat
ID card KTP
Show me kula nyuwun periksa
Give me kula nyuwun
Search geledah
Inspect periksa
Inspection inspeksi
Trunk (of a car) bagasi montor
Proceed terus, teras
Rental (car) montor sewan
Citizen warga negeri

12. At roadblocks and border crossings, officials usually ask questions about driver identification and
vehicle documents. Try to match up the Javanese border crossing requests and questions with their
English equivalents. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Kula nyuwun periksa serat-serat montor panjenengan. A. Give me your driver’s license.
2. Kula nyuwun paspor panjenengan. B. Do you have an ID card?
3. Panjenengan saking pundhi? C. Why do you need to go there?
4. Wonten punopo panjenengan mbetahaken tindak mriko? D. Show me your car papers.
5. Kula nyuwun rebuwes panjenengan. E. Give me your passport.
6. Panjenengan gadhah KTP? F. Where are you from?

173
 13. Listen to and read the following dialogue at a border crossing, and then answer the questions
below. Try to guess the meaning of unknown words from the context. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

Petugas pabean Kulo nyuwun paspor lan rebuwes panjenengan.

Sopir montor Inggih.
Petugas pabean Panjenengan warga negeri Amerika Serikat?
Sopir montor Inggih.
Petugas pabean Punopo panjenengan gadhah serat-serat kangge montor meniko?
Sopir montor Inggih, meniko montor sewan.
Petugas pabean Panjenengan badhe tindak pundhi?
Sopir montor New York.
Petugas pabean Pinten dangu panjenengan badhe wonten mriko?
Sopir montor Sedasa dinten.
Petugas pabean Panjenengan badhe punopo wonten mriko?
Sopir montor Kula badhe tilik keluarga kula.
Petugas pabean Nyuwun tulung dipunbikak bagasi montoripun. Kita kedhah merikso.
Sopir montor Inggih.
Petugas pabean Matur nuwun. Panjenengan saget teras.

A. Where is the driver from?

B. Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving?
C. Where is the driver going?
D. Why is he going there?
E. How long will he be there?
F. What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end?
G. Why?

14. Work with a partner. Take turns role-playing the Customs Official and the Car Driver.

174
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. Kula mbetahaken tumbas karcis pp dateng Jakarta.

Kula bidal wonten wulan Nopember 12 lan wangsul wonten wulan Desember 3.

Kula mbetahaken kursi celak jendela.

B. Punopo meniko sepur ekspres?

C. Bis dateng Semarang bidal saking peron ingkang pundhi?

D. Sepur 34 bidal saking peron tiga, gansal menit malih.

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the pictures and make up a story. Do you think
these people are arriving or departing? Do you think they are on time? Is their flight late? Mention
their names, age, profession, what they are wearing, and where and why they need to fly or where they
are arriving from. Also, tell how they arrived to the airport (by car, by bus, by train).

175
Vocabulary List

Arriving/Arrivals dateng
Attention perhatian (it will be in Indonesian since Javanese is not commonly used
in public places when there are other dialect speakers around).
Javanese: “dipunsuwun kawigatosanipun”
Baggage tas, koper
Border perbatasan
Bus station setasiun bis
Checked diperiksa
Checkpoint panggenan periksa
Citizen warga negeri
Customs pabean
Delay/ed dipuntanda
Departing/Departures bidal
Documents dokumen
Driver’s license SIM. rebuwes
Express ekspres
First class kelas setunggal
Flight pesawat
Fly mabur
Give me … kula nyuwun …
ID card KTP
Inspect periksa
Inspection inspeksi
Inspector inspektur
Late telat
One-way setunggal mergi
On-time tepat wekdal
Papers surat-surat, serat-serat
Passenger para penumpang
Passport paspor
Platform peron
Proceed terus, teras
Rental car montor sewan
Roadblock verboden
Roundtrip mlampah-mantuk, bidal-wangsul
Schedule jadwal
Second class kelas kalih
Show me …. kula nyuwun periksa
Terminal terminal
Ticket karcis
Ticket window tukang karcis
To board minggah

176
To leave bidal
To return/come back wangsul, balik
To go kesah
Train station setasiun sepur
Trunk (of a car) bagasi montor
Update ingkal enggal
Waiting area ruang tunggu
Window seat kursi celak jendela

177
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 5
A Schedule Jadwal
B Check-in counter Tukang karcis
C Platform Peron
D Ticket Karcis
E Passengers Para penumpang
F Baggage Tas, koper
G Gate Pintu
H Waiting area Ruang tunggu

Exercise 7
A. Tukang karcis Go to the ticket window to buy the tickets.
B. Panggenan mendhet barang You can get your baggage at the baggage claim area.
C. Perhatian Attention! All passengers must have a ticket to board the bus.
D. Jadwal Check the schedule to find out when your flight departs.
E. Ekspres The express train is faster because it does not make local stops.
F. Person Each train arrives at a different platform.
G. Pintu Attention, passengers! Flight #725 is departing from gate A17.

Exercise 8
1. D. Do you want a window seat? Yes, please
Punopo panjenangan ngersaaken kursi celak jendela? Inggih.
2. B. When is the next bus to Semarang? The next bus to Semarang departs in 20 minutes.
Kapan bis sak lajengipun dateng Semarang? Bis ingkang sak lajengipun dateng Semarang bidal 20 menit
malih.
3. A. Where can I buy a local train ticket? At the ticket window next to platform one.
Wonten pundhi kula saget tumbas karcis sepur ? Wonten tukang karcis celak peron setunggal.
4. E. At which platform is the express train from Surabaya arriving? That train will arrive at platform 16 in
ten minutes.
Wonten peron ingkang pundhi sepur ekspres saking Surabaya? Sepuripun badhe dateng wonten peron 16,
sedasa menit malih.
5. C. How much is a first class ticket to Jakarta? It is 64 dollars.
Pinten reginipun karcis kelas setunggal dateng Jakarta? Karcisipun Rp. 200,000

Exercise 10

1. Panjenengan kedhah gadhah karcis kangge minggah bis.

2. Kulo mbetahaken tiket setunggal mergi kelas setunggal dateng Jakarta.
3. Sepur ekspres sak lajengipun badhe bidal saking peron 15, 10 menit malih.

178
Exercise 12
1. D
2. E
3. F
4. C
5. A
6. B

Exercise 13
A. Where is the driver from? U.S.
B. Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving? No, it is a rental car.
C. Where is the driver going? New York
D. Why is he going there? To visit family
E. How long will he be there? Ten days
F. What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end? Open the trunk
G. Why? To do an inspection

End of Lesson Exercise 1

A. I need to buy a roundtrip ticket to Jakarta, please.
I leave on November 12 and return on December 3.
I want a window seat.
B. Is this an express train?
C. What platform does the bus to Semarang leave from?
D. Train 34 is departing from platform three in five minutes.

179
 Lesson 15
At School
Wonten sekolah

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Vocabulary related to classroom activities
- Vocabulary related to being a student
- The education system in Indonesia.

In Indonesia, every citizen has to have nine years of education, six years at elementary level and
three in middle school. From the ages of five, six and seven, they attend kindergarten (Taman
Kanak-kanak). This kindergarten education is not compulsory for Indonesian students. Its intent
is to prepare them for primary school.

Children aged seven to twelve attend Sekolah Dasar (SD) (literally “elementary school”). This
level of education is compulsory for all Indonesian citizens, based on the national constitution.
Unlike kindergarten, the elementary schools are owned by the government. Similar to education
in the U.S. and Australia, all students have to study for 6 years to pass this level, although some
schools have offered an acceleration program, where students can finish the elementary school in
just five years.

Middle School, generally known by the acronym 'SMP' (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) is part of
primary education in Indonesia. Students attend Middle School for three years (ages 13-15).
After three years of schooling and graduation, students may move on to high school or college,
or cease formal education.

The national constitution only requires citizens to have nine years of education. Indonesian
citizens do not have to attend high school. Consequently, there are fewer numbers of high
schools in Indonesia, with just slightly below 9,000 schools. After graduation from high school
or college, students may attend a university.

180
 1. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and read the
following text under each of the pictures.

A student writes on the A student raises her hand A teacher teaches students
blackboard with chalk. to ask a question. math.
Siswa nulis wonten papan- Murid ngangkat tangan Guru mucal para murid
tulis ngangge kapur-tulis. (ngacung) takon pitakonan. matematika

Students study chemistry in First grade students read a Students will study art in
middle school. textbook. this class.
Para murid sinau kimia Para siswa kelas setunggal Para murid badhe sinau seni
wonten sekolah menengah. maca (=maos) buku. wonten kelas meniko.

There is a book, a
notebook, and a calculator.
Meniko wonten buku, buku
tulis lan kalkulator.
There is a desk and a chair Students write with pens
in the classroom. and pencils.
Meniko wonten meja lan Para siswa nulis ngangge
kursi wonten ruang kelas. balpoin-balpoin lan pensil-
pensil.

181
2. Study the new vocabulary that you learned from the exercise above, along with some
additional words that you may use in a classroom.

class kelas
desk meja
chair kursi
blackboard papan tulis
chalk kapur tulis
pen balpoin
pencil pensil
notebook buku tulis, buku catetan
computer komputer
printer printer
keyboard keyboard
monitor layar
teacher guru
student murid, siswa

3. Working with a partner, create sentences using the new vocabulary for the following
items.

182
 4. Listen to the dialogue while you read along in the workbook. Underline the new
vocabulary.

What is your name? My name is Sam

Sinten nami panjenengan? Nami kula Ponco.

How old are you? I am 16 years old.

Pinten umur panjenganan? Kula 16 taun (= tahun).

What grade are you in? I am in 10th grade.

Panjenganan wonten kelas pinten? Kula wonten kelas 10.

What subjects do you study? Math, biology, music, literature, and history.
Panjenganan sinau wucalan punopa? Matematika, biologi, sastra lan sejarah.

What is your favorite subject? My favorite subject is biology.

Punopo wucalan ingkang panjenengan remeni? = Kula remen wucalan biologi.
Punapa wucalan ingkang panjenengan remeni?

Are you a good student? Yes, I‘m a good student.

Punopo panjenengan siswa ingkang sae? = Punapa Inggih, kula siswa ingkang sae. = Inggih, kula murid
panjenengan murid ingkang pinter? pinter.

What will you do after school? I will go to college; I want to be a doctor.

Panjenengan badhe punopo bibar sekolah? Kula badhe nerusaken dateng universitas; kula
kepingin dados dokter.

What do you like to do after school? After school I like to listen to music.
Panjenengan remenipun bade punopa bibar (sak Bibar (sak bibaripun) sekolah kula remen
bibaripun) sekolah? ngrungokaken musik.

5. Listen to and read along to hear some of the new words you should have
underlined in Exercise 4.

grade kelas
subject wucalan
favorite ingkang dipunremeni
subject bab
math matematika
biology biologi
music musik
literature sastra
history sejarah
college universitas

183
like remen
listen to ngrungokaken

Grammar note:
The pattern in Javanese is: Subject (who) + verb (action) + infinitive + object

For example:
Joko likes to study math. Joko remen sinau matematika.
Santi likes to listen to music after school. Santi remen ngrungokaken musik bibar sekolah.
Budi likes to read in the evenings. Budi remen maca wanci sonten.
We like to speak Javanese in our class. Kita remen omong Basa Jawi wonten kelas kita.

6. Work with a partner and make up a dialogue similar to the one in Exercise 4. List your
favorite subjects, say how good you think you are at each of them, tell what profession you
are going to choose, and say what you like to do after school.

7. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker as you go
over the dialogue.

A. Listen to the recording and take notes.

Rungokke rekaman iki lan tulisen. (= Rungokna rekaman iki lan tulisen.)

B. Put your pencils down.

Delehen pensil-pensilmu. (=Delehna pensil-pensilmu.)

C. Write your answer on the blackboard.

Tulisen jawabanmu ning papan-tulis. (= Tulisen jawabanmu neng papan-tulis.)

D. Open your textbooks.

Bukak buku teksmu. (Bukaken buku wulanganmu.)

E. Raise your hand if you have a question.

Angkaten tanganmu (ngacung) nek kowe ono pitakonan.(=Ngacunga nek kowe ana pitakonan.)

F. Write down your homework, please.

Tulisen penggawean omahmu. (= Tulisen garapanmu.)

8. Role-play as a teacher. Have the students follow your directions. Use the expressions
from Exercise 7.

184
 9. Listen to the following questions and answers. Transcribe each answer, and then
translate them into English. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. Panjenengan ngerjaaken punopo wonten sekolah? (= Panjenengan sibuk (= nggarap) punopo

wonten sekolah?)

2. Wonten kelas pinten panjengan?

3. Panjenengan sinau wucalan punopo?

4. Wucalan punopo ingkan panjenengan remeni? (= Panjenengan remen wucalan punopo?)

5. Punopo panjenengan murid ingkang sae? (= Punopo panjenengan murid ingkang pinter?)

10. Work with a partner and make up similar dialogues using expressions from Exercise 9.

11. Working in small groups, describe the following pictures. Come up with ages for the
students and the teacher, their names, the subjects they study or teach, what they’re doing
right now, what they are wearing, if they seem to like their class and their teacher, etc.

185
 12. Listen to and read the following text about the student’s schedule, and then
answer the questions below. The new word “busy” is introduced in the text. Try to guess
this and other new words from the context. Check your work in the Answer Key.

Nami kula Tantri. Kula murid (=mahasiswa) wonten Universitas Gajah Mada. Kula sinau Basa
Inggeris. Kula kepingin dados penerjemah. Jadwal kula padet sanget. Wonten dinten Senen,
Rebo, lan Jemuah, kula bidal dateng sekolah jam 8:00. Bibar sekolah, jam 4:00 sonten, kula
nyambut damel wonten gria (griya) dahar (=lestoran; restoran) dados pramu saji (= pelayan).
Bibar nyambut damel, jam 10 ndalu, kula wangsul dateng gria. Wonten dinten Selasa lan Kemis,
kula bidal dateng sekolah jam 10:00 injing (enjang). Bibar sekolah, jam 12:00 siang, kula bidal
dateng perpustakaan. Kula sinau wonten perpustakaan tigang jam wanci sonten. Kula ndamel
penggawean gria (= garapan) wonten akhir minggu lan wanci injing.

A. What is the student’s name?

B. Where does she go to school?
C. What does she study?
D. What is her school schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday?
E. What is her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday?
F. What job does she have and when does she work?
G. When does the student do homework?
H. What does the student want to do after finishing school?

186
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Go over the text from Exercise 12 again. Tell the class about your schedule. Use the
questions after the text as an outline for your story.

2. Look at the pictures and tell a story about what you see. Include the grade the students
are in, the subjects they are studying, what the teacher is doing, what the students and
teachers are wearing, etc.

187
3. Read and compare the following texts and find the errors in the English translations.
Make corrections so that the translation is accurate. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

1. A. Nami kula Tono. Kula saking Magelang, nanging sak meniko kula manggen wonten Jakarta.
Kula wonten kelas enem. Kula gadhah konco kathah. Kula remen Basa Inggeris, maca lan bal
keranjang (= bola keranjang).

B. My name is Tono. I’m from Magelang, but now I live in Jakarta. I’m in fifth grade.
I have many friends. I like music, reading, and basketball.

2. A. Nami kula Sugeng. Kula saking Pacitan, nanging sak meniko kula manggen wonten Semarang.
Kula remen matematika lan ilmu alam.

B. My name is Sugeng. I’m from Pacitan, but I live in Semarang.

I like math and geography.

3. A. Nami kula Ningsih. Kula lahir tanggal 8 wulan April, 1989. Kula wonten kelas 8.
Kula remen kelas musik lan motret. Kula kepingin dados seniman, dokter utawi juru potret.

B. My name is Ningsih. I was born on August 4, 1989. I’m in 9th grade.

I like music class and photography. I want to be a doctor or a photographer.

188
 Vocabulary List

Art seni
Basketball bal keranjang; bola keranjang
Biology biologi
Blackboard papan-tulis
Busy padet, sibuk
Chair kursi
Chalk kapur tulis
Chemistry kimia
Class kelas
College/University universitas
Computer komputer
Desk meja
Elementary School sekolah dasar
English basa Inggeris
Grade kelas
Good sae
Smart pinter
High School sekolah inggil; sekolah menengah
History sejarah
Homework penggawean gria, garapan penggawean omah
Literature sastra
Math matematika
Middle School sekolah menengah
Music musik
Notebook buku catetan
Pen balpen, balpoin
Pencil pensil
Photography motret, potret
Reading wacan, waosan
Student murid, siswa (up to high school), mahasiswa (college level)
Subject(s) wucalan
Tape recorder mesin rekaman
Teacher guru
Textbook buku teks (buku wucalan)
To like remen
To read maca, maos
To study sinau
To write nulis, tulis
Listen to the recording and take notes. ngrungokaken rekaman lan cateten (tulisen). (= lan ndamel cathetan)
Put your pencils down. Delehen pensil-pensilmu. (=Delehna pensil-pensilmu.)
Write your answer on the blackboard. Tulisen jawabanmu ning (=neng) papan-tulis.
Open your textbooks. Bukaken buku teksmu.(= buku wulanganmu)
Raise your hand! Angkaten tanganmu (= Ngachunga!)
Write down your homework, please Tulisen penggawean omahmu. (= Tulisen garapanmu.)

189
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 9
1. What do you do at school?
Panjenengan ngerjaaken punopo wonten sekolah? (= Panjenengan sibuk (=nggarap) punopo
wonten sekolah?)
I study many subjects.
Kula sinau wucalan kathah.

2. What grade are you in?

Wonten kelas pinten panjenengan?
I am in 6th grade.
Kula wonten kelas 6.

3. What subjects are you studying?

Panjenengan sinau wucalan punopo?
Math, Javanese, science, geography, and English.
Matematika, Basa Jawi, ilmu alam, ilmu bumi, lan Basa Inggeris.

4. What is your favorite subject?

Wucalan punopo ingkang panjenengan remeni? = Panjenengan remen wucalan punopo?
Geography
Ilmu bumi.

5. Are you a good student?

Punopo panjenengan murid ingkang sae? = Punopo panjenengan murid ingkang pinter?
I’m very good at chemistry, but I’m bad at math.
Kula sae sanget wonten kimia, nanging kula mboten sae wonten matematika. = Kula pinter
sanget kimia, nanging kula mboten pinter matematika.

Exercise 12
Nami kula Tantri. Kula murid (=mahasiswa) wonten Universitas Gajah Mada. Kula sinau Basa
Inggeris. Kula kepingin dados penerjemah. Jadwal kula padet sanget. Wonten dinten Senen,
Rebo, lan Jemuah, kula bidal dateng sekolah jam 8:00. Bibar sekolah, jam 4:00 sonten, kula
nyambut damel wonten gria (griya) dahar (=lestoran; restoran) dados pramu saji (= pelayan).
Bibar nyambut damel, jam 10 ndalu, kula wangsul dateng gria. Wonten dinten Selasa lan Kemis,
kula bidal dateng sekolah jam 10:00 injing (enjang). Bibar sekolah, jam 12:00 siang, kula bidal
dateng perpustakaan. Kula sinau wonten perpustakaan tigang jam wanci sonten. Kula ndamel
penggawean gria (= garapan) wonten akhir minggu lan wanci injing.

My name is Tantri. I am a student at Universitas Gajah Mada. I study English. I want to be an

interpreter. I have a busy schedule. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, I go to school at 8:00.
After school, at 4:00pm, I go to work. I work at a restaurant as a waitress. After work, at 10 pm,
I go home. On Tuesday and Thursday, I go to class at 10am. After school, at 12:00, I go to the
library. I study at the library for three hours in the afternoon. I do my homework on the
weekends and in the mornings.

190
A. What is the student’s name?
Her name is Tantri.
B. Where does she go to school?
She goes to Universitas Gajah Mada.
C. What does she study?
She studies English.
D. What is her school schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday?
She goes to school from 8:00am until 4:00pm.
E. What is her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday?
She goes to class at 10am and then at 12:00 she goes to the library to study for three hours.
F. What job does she have and when does she work?
She works as a waitress in a restaurant from 4:00 to 10:00pm on Monday, Wednesday and
Friday.
G. When does the student do homework?
She does homework on weekends and in the mornings.
H. What does the student want to do after finishing school?
She wants to be an interpreter.

End of Lesson Exercise 3

Your English translation should be as follows. The bold terms are the corrected errors.

1. My name is Tono. I’m from Magelang, but now I live in Jakarta. I’m in sixth grade.
I have many friends. I like English language, reading, and basketball.
2. My name is Sugeng. I’m from Pacitan, but I live in Semarang. I like math and science.
3. A. My name is Ningsih. I was born on April 8, 1989. I’m in 8th grade.
I like music class and photography. I want to be an artist, doctor or a photographer.

191
 Lesson 16
Recreation and Leisure
Rekreasi lan Karemenan

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Vocabulary related to recreational and leisure activities
- Ways to discuss hobbies in Javanese.

1. Listen to and read the sentences with the new vocabulary and try to guess the
meaning of any unknown words.

Pria lan wanita nari. Meniko Piyambakipun pemain musik Pria meniko mendhet
karemenan. professional. Pemain piano foto. Piyambakipun
main wonten konser. tukang foto.

Niki Andrew. Karemenan Pria main ski wonten Konco kula Sandy
piyambakipun bal-balan. pegunungan. Main ski mlayu saben sonten
karemenan piyambakipun. bibar kelas
piyambakipun.

192
Kangmas kula remen boling. Niki Menawi hawanipun sae, lare- Pria enem main tenis
karemenan piyambakipun. lare renang (=nglangi) saben wonten lapangan.
dinten wonten musim benter
(=ketiga).

Mbakyu kula remen nggambar. Tentara-tentara main kartu Tiang-tiang puniko

wonten sak lebetipun tenda. mlampah saben
Tentara-tentara punika remen sonten.
main kartu.

Kalih tentara main catur. Niki karemenan tiang- Pria niki main gitar lan nyanyi setunggal
tiang puniko. lagu.

193
 2. Now listen to the speaker. Check to see if your guesses were correct for exercise 1.
Repeat the new words as many times as you need to feel comfortable with the
pronunciation.

Play main
Cards kartu-kartu
To ski main ski
Hobby karemenan
To dance nari
Tennis tenis
Tennis Court lapangan tenis
Play piano main piano
Musician pemain musik
To take photos motret
Photographer juru foto, tukang foto, tukang potret
To play guitar main gitar
To sing nyanyi
Songs lagu, nyanyian
Chess catur
To walk mlampah
To swim renang
Swimming pool kolam renang
To run mlayu, mlajeng
To bowl boling
Soccer bal-balan, sepak-bola
To paint nglukis, nggambar

3. Listen to the dialogues as you read them.

1. What will they do after school?
Tiang-tiang puniko badhe ndamel punopo bibar sekolah?
A. They will swim after school.
Tiang-tiang puniko badhe renang bibar sekolah.
B. They will dance after school.
Tiang-tiang puniko badhe nari bibar sekolah.
C. They will sing after school.
Tiang-tiang puniko badhe nyanyi bibar sekolah.

2. What sports does he play? A. He plays soccer and basketball.

Piyambakipun main olahraga punopo?
Piyambakipun main sepakbola lan bola keranjang.
B. He plays soccer and volleyball.
Piyambakipun main sepakbola lan bola poli.
C. He plays soccer and tennis.
Piyambakipun main sepakbola lan tenis.

194
3. What does she do today? A. She sings songs.
Piyambakipun ndamel punopo dinten meniko? Piyambakipun nyanyi lagu-lagu.
B. She paints pictures.
Piyambakipun nglukis.
C. She takes pictures.
Piyambakipun motret.

4. Do you play chess? A. Yes, I play chess.

Punopo panjenengan saget main catur?
Do you play guitar?
Punopo panjenengan saget main gitar?
Do you play piano?
Punopo panjenengan saget main piano?
Inggih, kula saget main catur.
B. No, I play the piano.
Mboten, kula saget main piano.
C. Yes, I play the piano.
Inggih, kula saget main piano.

5. What are your hobbies? A. I like to run and take pictures.

Karemenan panjenengan punopo?
Kula remen mlajeng lan motret.
B. I like to read and swim.
Kula remen maca lan renang.
C. I like to walk and play soccer
Kula remen mlapah lan main sepakbola.

4. Work with a partner. Take turns reading the dialogues in Exercise 3.

5. Work with a partner or in a small group. Make up exchanges using the models and
phrases from Exercise 3.

6. Reconstruct the questions in Javanese. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. …………………….?
Yes, I play chess.
Inggih, kula saget main catur.

B. …………………….?
Yes, I play the piano.
Inggih, kula saget main piano.

C.……………………?
My hobbies are running and taking photos.
Karemenan kula mlajeng lan motret.

D. ……………………?
He plays soccer and basketball.
Piyambakipun main sepakbola lan bola keranjang.

195
E. ……………………?
My hobbies are reading and swimming.
Karemenan kula maca lan renang.

F. …………………….?
She likes to walk and play guitar.
Panjenengan remen mlampah lan main gitar.

Grammar note:
“From …to …” is translated as “saking …ngantos ….
For example:
Kula sinau wonten sekolah saking jam 8:00 injing ngantos jam 2:00 siang.
(I study at school from 8:00 in the morning to 2:00 in the afternoon)
Tiang-tiang puniko sampun nenggo taksi saking jam 1:00 ngantos jam 3:00 siang.
(They have been waiting a taksi from 1:00 to 3:00 in the afternoon.

“Too” has two meanings in Javanese “sanget” to mean “very” and “ugi” to mean “also.”
For example:
Dinten puniko benter sanget. (Today is very hot.)
Kula ugi badhe bidal dateng Jakarta wulan ngajeng. (I will also go to Jakarta next month.)

7. Read and translate the following text, noting the new vocabulary. Check the Answer
Key for an English translation.

Nami kula Hari Prayitno. Kula saking Semarang, Jawi Tengah. Kula kuliah wonten Universitas
Indonesia wonten Jakarta, Jawi Kilen. Kula sibuk sanget kaliyan kelas-kelas lan karemenan-
karemenan kula. Kula sinau ilmu komputer, lan kula main wonten tim sepakbola universitas.
Kola wonten kelas saben dinten saking jam 8:30 ngantos jam 3:00 wanci siang. Bibar sekolah,
kula latihan sepakbola saben dinten saking jam 4:00 ngantos jam 6:00. Kula remen main
sepakbola. Kula lan konco-konco kula ugi main wanci akhir minggu. Kula ugi remen renang lan
main gitar. Kula mboten pinter main gitar. Akhir minggu meniko kula lan konco-konco kula
badhe bidal dateng konser wonten stadium wonten Surabaya, Jawi Wetan. Penyanyi karemenan
kita badhe nyanyi. Bibar konser, kita badhe dateng lestoran lan maem ndalu.

8. Now read the text from exercise 7 as many times as you want and mark the following
statements as either True or False. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. _____Hari Prayitno is from Semarang, Central Java.

B. _____He is a high school student at the University of Indonesia in Jakarta, West Java.
C. _____Hari studies chemistry.
D. _____Hari plays on the university soccer team.
E. _____He had class every day from 8:30 to 3:00.
F. _____Hari likes to swim and play the piano.
H. _____After the concert Hari will go home to do his homework.

196
9. Work with a partner or in a small group and make up a description of a busy schedule.
Use the statements from Exercise 8 as an outline for your story. The pictures given below
can help you choose the activities to describe.

Cultural note:
Soccer is a very popular sport for Indonesian people to watch and to participate in. School
children in smaller areas in Indonesia find soccer cheap and fun to do. However, children in big
cities do not have the opportunity as much to play soccer, due to lack of space and personal
safety reasons. Children in bigger cities tend to play indoors or within their housing compounds’
facilities. Shopping malls are popular too, since they provide entertainment for many people.
Children can play games and do fun activities at shopping malls. These days, children tend to
stay indoors more, especially with the fast growing popularity of video games.

197
 10. Listen to the vocabulary as you look at the pictures. Try to match the Javanese
words with the pictures. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1 2 3

4 5 6

Kolam renang
Lapangan sepak bola
Lapangan tenis
Panggenan boling
Gedong olahraga
Stadion

11. Read the statements below and think about their meanings. Cross out the words or
phrases that do not make sense, and replace them with an appropriate word from the list
provided. Check your work with the Answer Key.

Gedong olahraga Stadion

Panggenan boling Lapangan tennis

Kolam renang Lapangan main

A. Para murid main bola voli wonten lapangan tenis.

B. Lare-lare renang wonten stadion.
C. Lare-lare estri main boling wonten pegunungan.
D. Konco-konco kula mlajeng wonten panggenan boling.
E. Lare-lare jaler main sepak bola wonten kolam renang.

198
 12. Listen to the audio statements and transcribe what you hear. Then translate
each one into English. Check your work in the Answer Key.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

13. Work with a partner. Look at the pictures and make up dialogues about someone’s
hobbies. Use the models and phrases from Exercise 12.

199
 End-of-Lesson Tasks.

1. Answer the following questions in Javanese.

A. What is your favorite sport or recreational activity?

B. How often do you participate in your activity?

C. What is your favorite hobby?

D. What did you do last weekend?

E. What will you do next weekend?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Javanese, describe the pictures below,
using the vocabulary you have learned in this lesson.

200
Vocabulary List

Bowling alley Panggenan boling

Bowling Boling
Cards Kartu-kartu
Chess Catur
Computer science Ilmu komputer
Gymnasium Gedong olahraga
Hobby Karemenan
Paint pictures Nglukis
Playing field Lapangan main
To bowl Boling
To dance Nari
To play chess Main catur
Cards Kartu
Soccer Sepakbola
Volleyball Bola boli
To play piano Main piano
Guitar Gitar
To run Mlajeng, mlayu
To sing Nyanyi
To ski Main ski
To swim Renang
To take pictures Motret
Soccer field Lapangan sepakbola
Songs Lagu-lagu, nyanyian-nyanyian
Stadium Stadion
Swimming pool Kolam renang
Tennis Tenis
Tennis court Lapangan tenis

201
ANSWER KEY

Exercise 6
A. Do you play chess?
B. Do you play the piano?
C. What are your hobbies?
D. What sports does he play?
E. What are your hobbies?
F. What does she like to do?
Punopo panjenengan saget main catur?
Punopo panjenengan saget main piano?
Karemenan panjenengan punopo?
Piyambakipun main olahraga punopo?
Karemenan panjenengan punopo?
Piyambakipun remen ndamel punopo?

Exercise 7

My name is Hari Prayitno. I am from Semarang, Central Java. I go to college at the University
of Indonesia in Jakarta, West Jawa. I am very busy with my classes and my hobbies. I study
computer science, and I play on the university soccer team. I have class every day from 8:30 to
3:00 in the afternoon. After school I have soccer practice every day from 4:00 to 6:00. I like to
play soccer. My friends and I play on the weekends too. I also like to swim and to play the
guitar. I’m not very good at the guitar. This weekend my friends and I will go to a concert at the
stadium in Surabaya, East Java. Our favorite singer will sing. After the concert we will go to a
restaurant and have dinner.

Exercise 8
A. T Hari Prayitno is from Semarang, Central Java.
B. F He is a high school student at the University of Indonesia in Jakarta, West Java.
C. F Hari studies chemistry.
D. T Hari plays on the university soccer team.
E. T He has class every day from 8:30 to 3:00.
F. F Hari likes to swim and play the piano.
H. F After the concert Hari will go home to do his homework.

Exercise 10

1. Bowling Alley Panggenan boling.

2. Gymnasium Gedong olahraga
3. Soccer field Lapangan sepakbola
4. Stadium Stadion
5. Swimming pool Kolam renang
6. Tennis court Lapangan tenis

202
Exercise 11
A. The students play volleyball in the gymnasium.
A. Para murid main bola voli wonten gedong olahraga.

B. The children swim in the swimming pool.

B. Lare-lare renang wonten kolam renang.

C. The girls go bowling in the bowling alley.

C. Lare-lare estri main boling wonten panggenan boling.

D. My friends go for a run in the stadium.

D. Konco-konco kula mlajeng wonten stadion.

E. Boys play soccer on the playing field.

E. Lare-lare jaler main sepak bola wonten lapangan main.

Exercise 12

1. C. Piyambakipun nyanyi bibar sekolah. She will sing after school.

2. A. Piyambakipun remen main sepak bola lan bola keranjang.
He likes to play soccer and basketball.
3. B. Piyambakipun mboten saget nglukis nanging piyambakipun saget motret.
She doesn’t paint pictures, but she takes photographs.
4. B. Punopo panjenengan saget main gitar? Mboten, kula saget main piano.
Do you play guitar? No, I play piano.
5. B. Karemenan panjenengan punopo? Kula remen maca lan nari.
What are your hobbies? I like to read and dance.

203
 Lesson 17
Health and the Human Body
Kasehatan lan Awake Manungsa
This lesson will introduce you to:
- Vocabulary related to the human body
- Asking questions about a person’s state of health
- Answering questions about health conditions
- Typical exchanges at the doctor’s office.

1. Listen as the speaker recites the vocabulary. Then study the diagram and match
the Javanese terms for each body part with the diagram.

Abdomen Weteng
Arm Lengen
Back Geger
Chest Dada
Chin Janggut
Ear Kuping
Elbow Sikut
Eye Mata
Face Rai
Fingers Driji
Foot Telapakan suku
Genitals Kemaluan
Groin Selangkangan
Hair Rambut, rikma
Hand Tangan
Head Sirah
Heart Jantung
Hip Pinggul
Knee Lutut
Leg suku; sikil (informal)
Mouth Tuthuk; Cangkem (informal)
Neck Gulu
Nose Irung
Pelvis Balung panggul
Shoulder Pundak
Stomach Weteng, padaran
Toes Driji sikil
Tooth Untu
Waist Pinggang

2. In Javanese, name the body parts that come in pairs. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

204
 3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate body part in Javanese. Check your answers with
the Answer Key.

mripat kuping sikil suku sirah tangan gulu cangkem

A. I use my ____________ to read a book.

B. I listen to music with my _____________.

C. Walking is good for my ____________.

D. I wear shoes and socks on my _____________.

E. In the winter, I wear a hat on my _________, gloves on my __________ , and a scarf around my _________.

F. I eat and drink with my __________________.

Study the questions and answers below, taking note of new vocabulary and grammar
patterns.

How do you feel? I feel sick.

Kados pundi raosipun? Kula raosipun sakit. (Kula kraos sakit).
I feel weak.
Kula raosipun lemes. (Kula kraos lemes.)
I feel bad.
Kula raosipun mboten sekeco. Kula kraos
mboten sekeco.)

What symptoms do you have? I have a sore throat.

Panjenengan wonten gejala-gejala Kerongkongan kula sakit.
punopo?
I have a fever.
Kula benter-asrep.
I have a headache.
Kula mumet.

Where does it hurt? My left ankle hurts.

Wonten pundi ingkang sakit? Lutut kiwa kula sakit.
My back hurts.
Punggung kula sakit.
My stomach hurts.
Weteng kula sakit.

205
 4. Listen to the following questions and answers, and read along in the workbook.

A. How do you feel? I feel sick.

Kados pundi raosipun?
B. What is the matter with her?
Piyambakipun wonten punopo?
C. How do you feel?
Kados pundi raosipun?
D. Are you in pain?
Punopo panjenengan sakit?
E. Where does it hurt?
Wonten pundi ingkang sakit?
F. Are you sick?
Punopo panjenengan sakit?
G. Are you OK?
Panjenengan mboten punopo-punopo?
H. Are you taking any medication?
Punopo panjenengan sampun ngunjuk obat?
Kula raosipun sakit. (Kula kraos sakit.)
Her leg hurts.
Suku piyambakipun sakit.
My head hurts.
Sirah kula sakit.
Yes, my arm is broken.
Inggih, lengen kula ceklek (=coklek).
My stomach hurts.
Weteng kula sakit.
No, I’m pregnant.
Mboten, kula nembe ngandut. (=ngandung)
I don’t feel good. I feel nauseous and have a stomachache.
Kula raosipun mboten sekeco. Kula raosipun muneg-muneg
lan wetengipun sakit. (kraos)
Yes, over-the-counter ones.
Inggih, obat saking toko.

5. Work with a partner and role-play the dialogues from Exercise 4.

6. Match each picture with the corresponding statement. Check your work with the
Answer Key.

A B C
1. Wanito enem puniko mboten sakit. Piyambakipun nembe ngandut (ngandung).
2. Lare estri puniko benter-asrep, tenggorokanipun sakit, lan awakipun sakit, lan piyambakipun
wahing-wahing lan watuk-watuk.
3. Lare jaler puniko muneg-muneg lan wetengipun sakit.

206
7. Work with a partner. Role-play the doctor and patient. Use the questions from
Exercise 5 as a model. Use the phrases from Exercise 6 to describe your symptoms.

8. Listen to and read the list of the typical symptoms for each ailment.

Flu Masuk angin; flu; influensa

Fever Benter-asrep, demam. meriang
Congestion Pilek
Sore throat Tenggorokan sakit
Body aches Awak sakit
Sneezing Wahing-wahing
Coughing Watuk
Head cold Mumet & pilek, Cumleng
Severe Pain Sakit parah; sakit sanget
Broken Bone Balung ceklek, tulang patah (coklek)
Swelling Bengkak; abuh
Bruise Memar
Bleeding Pendarahan
Sprain Keseleo
Bruise Memar, babak
Pain Sakit

9. Look at the chart of symptoms in Exercise 8. Work with a partner or in a small group.
Develop questions a doctor can ask about one’s symptoms in order to diagnose the
problem.

Study the following questions and answers about height and weight.

How tall is he, and how much does he weigh?

Pinten inggil, lan pinten awratipun piyambakipun?
He is 70 inches tall and weighs 185 pounds.
Inggih piyambakipun 175 cm lan awratipun 84 kilo.
How tall are you? How much do you weigh?
Pinten inggil panjengenan? Pinten awrat panjenengan?
I am 66 inches tall and weigh 120 pounds.
Kula inggilipun 165 cm lan awratipun 55 kilo.

10. Work with a partner. Take turns asking each other about your height and weight. Do
not forget to use the units of measure appropriate for Indonesia.

207
 11. Listen to the speaker while you read the statements below. Translate each
exchange. You can check the English translation in the Answer Key.

A. Kados pundi raosipun? Kula raosipun mboten sekeco. Kula muneg-muneg.(kraos)

B. Kados pundi raosipun? Kula sae-sae kemawon, nanging kula muneg-muneg sekedik.

C. Kados pundi raosipun? Kula raosipun mboten sekeco, nanging kula mboten muneg-
muneg.

D. Kula kinten suku kula ceklek (coklek). Nyuwun tulung dipun celukaken montor
ambulan.

E. Kula kinten suku piyambakipun ceklek (coklek). Nyuwun tulung dipun celukaken
montor ambulan.

F. Punopo suku piyambakipun ceklek? (coklek)Nyuwun tulung dipun celukaken montor

ambulan.

12. What do you hear? Transcribe what you hear in Javanese, and then translate it
into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1.
2.
3.
4.

208
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Ask and answer the following questions in Javanese. Check the Answer Key for a
translation of the questions.
.

A. When you have the flu, what are your symptoms?

B. Are you taking any medications?

C. Have you ever broken a bone? If yes, which one(s)?

D. What is your height and weight?

E. How often do you see a doctor? Every month? Every year? Every 3 years?

2. Tell the class what you do in order to keep a healthy weight? Do you exercise? What
types of exercise do you do? How often and for how long do you exercise? Do you have a
special diet? What kind? What do you eat and not eat? Give an example of your menu.
What do you order when you eat out? How does it affect your diet the next day?

3. Work with a partner or in a small group. Describe the picture below.

209
Vocabulary List

Abnormal Mboten normal

Allergies Alergi
Ambulance Montor ambulan
Arm Lengen
Body Badan, awak
Chest Dada
Chin Janggut
Are you in pain? Punopo panjenengan sakit?
Are you taking any medication? Punopo panjenengan ngunjuk obat?
Body aches Awak sakit, badan sakit
Broken bone Balung ceklek, balung coklek, balung patah
Bruise Memar
Call an ambulance! Culukno montor ambulan! (= Celukke montor ambulan!)
Congestion Pilek
Coughing Watuk
Ear Kuping
Elbow Sikut
Eye Mripat, mata
Fingers Driji
Foot Telapakan sikil, suku, samparan
Feel Kraos; kroso, raosipun
Fever Benter-asrep, demam
Flu/Influenza Masuk angin
Hand Tangan
Head Sirah
Hip Pinggul
Knee Lutut
Help! Tulung!
How do you feel? Kados pundi raosipun?
Hurt Sakit
Leg Suku, sikil
Mouth Cangkem
Nose Irung
Neck Gulu
Medicine Obat
Nausea Muneg-muneg
Pain Sakit
Pregnant Ngandut; ngandung
Shoulder Pundak
Toes Driji sikil
Waist Pinggang
Sick Sakit
Sneezing Wahing-wahing
Sore throat Tenggorakan sakit

210
Stomach Weteng (informal), padaran (formal)
Stomach cramps Kram
Strain Stres
Swelling Bengkak
Symptoms Gejala-gejala
What is the matter? Wonten punopo?
Where does it hurt? Wonten pundi ingkang sakit?

211
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
kuping
sikut
mripat, mata
suku, sikil,
samparan
tangan
lutut
pundak
lengen
sikil, suku
pinggang

Exercise 3
A. mripat, mata
B. kuping
C. sikil, suku
D. sikil, suku, samparan; delamakan suku
E. sirah, tangan, gulu
F. cangkem

Exercise 6
A. 2. The little girl has a fever, a sore throat, and body aches, and she is sneezing and coughing.
She has the flu.
B. 1. The young woman is not sick. She is pregnant.
C. 3. The little boy is nauseous and has a stomachache.

Exercise 11
A. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous.
B. How do you feel? I feel fine, but I’m a little nauseous.
C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous.
D. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance!
E. I think he broke his leg. Please call an ambulance!
F. Did he break his leg? I think so. Please call an ambulance!

Exercise 12
1. B. Wonten pundi ingkang sakit? Punggung kula sakit.
Where does it hurt? My back hurts.
2. A. Panjenengan wonten gejala-gejala punopo? Kula benter-asrep lan sirahipun sakit.
What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a headache.
3. A. Kados pundi raosipun? Kula raosipun mboten sekeco. (kraos) Kula muneg-muneg.
How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous.
4. C. Punopo suku piyambakipun ceklek? Nyuwun tulung dipun celukaken montor ambulan.
Did he break his leg? I think so, please call an ambulance!

212
End of Lesson Exercise 1
A. Kapan panjenengan masuk angin, punopo gejala-gejala panjenengan?
B. Punopo panjenengan ngunjuk obat?
C. Punopo panjenengan sampun nate ceklek (coklek) balungipun? Menawi sampun nate,
ingkang pundi?
D. Pinten inggil lan awrat panjenengan?
E. Kaping pinten panjenengan kesah dateng dokter? Saben wulan? Saben tahun? Saben
tigang tahun?

213
 Lesson 18
Political and International Events
Kedadosan Intenasional lan Politik

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Vocabulary associated with politics and international issues
- How news is reported in Indonesia
- How to read and understand political events written in Javanese newspapers.

Indonesia is a republic and a unitary state, with a presidential system where the power is
concentrated with the national government. The President of Indonesia is directly elected for a
term of five years, and is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the Indonesian armed forces,
and responsible for domestic governance, policy-making and foreign affairs. The president
appoints a council of ministers, who are not required to be elected members of the legislature.

The highest legislative body is the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), an umbrella
organization that consists of the People's Representative Council (DPR), and the Regional
Representatives Council (DPD). The DPR is the lower house and its 550 members are elected for
five-year terms on a proportional representation basis from each of Indonesia's 33 provinces. The
DPD is a new chamber coming into effect in 2004 and is charged with managing regional
representation within the central national government. Each province elects 4 members on a non-
partisan basis. The DPD does not have, however, the revising powers of an upper house such as
the United States Senate; rather it is restricted to bills concerning matters of regional
management.

The Supreme Court is the highest level of the judicial branch. Its judges are appointed by the
president. Each province has its own High Court.

Indonesia was internationally condemned for its invasion and annexation of East Timor in the
1970s, for alleged human rights violations throughout the subsequent occupation, and for the
military support of violent pro-integration militias following the 1999 independence referendum.
Under the administration of President Yudhoyono, a ceasefire agreement was reached with
separatists in Aceh in 2006, and in Papua there has been a significant, albeit imperfect,
implementation of regional autonomy laws, and a reported decline in the levels of violence and
human rights abuses.

Terrorism, linked to extreme Islamism, has been a critical challenge to the Indonesian
Government since 2000. The most deadly attack came in 2002, killing 202 people, including 164
international tourists, in the resort town of Kuta, Bali. These and subsequent attacks in Jakarta
and Bali have been linked to Al-Qaeda, and combined with travel warnings issued by a number
of countries, have severely damaged the country’s important tourist industry and the economy's
foreign investment prospects. In cooperation with other countries, the Government has achieved
substantial success in apprehending and prosecuting the perpetrators and also towards fracturing
their organizations, although terrorism is expected to be a major issue for Indonesia in the
foreseeable future.

214
 1. Familiarize yourself with the political terms.

Government pemerintah
Prime minister perdana mentri
President presiden
Leader pemimpin
Dictator diktator
Parliament parlemen
Ministry kementrian
Election pemilu
Officials para pejabat
Political Party partai politik
Vote nyoblos, milih
Republic republik
State negeri
Democracy demokrasi
Democratic demokrasi
Term of office mangsa jabatan
Policy kabijakan
Human Rights hak asasi manungsa (=menungsa)
Religious agami
Racial rasial
Radical radikal
World donya
Conflict masalah, persoalan
War perang
Invade njajah
Nuclear weapons senjata nuklir

2. Listen to and read the following statements. While reading, note the use of the
new vocabulary.

Iraqi leader Pemimpin Irak

Russian officials
South African Government
Religious differences
Middle East conflict
The war in Iraq
Radical political party
Islamic fundamentalism
Pejabat-Pejabat Rusia
Pemeritah Afrika Kidul
Perbedaan agama, perbedaan agami
Masalah Timur Tengah
Perang Wonten Irak
Partai Politik Radikal
Fundametalisme Islam

215
Note the use of new vocabulary in the following statements.

The President of the United States is George Bush.

Presiden Amerika Serikat George Bush.

Japan and Great Britain have prime ministers.

Jepang lan Inggris gadhah perdana mentri-perdana mentri.

This was the first political election in that country.

Puniko pemilu ingkang sepindah wonten negeri niku.

Human rights are a very important issue in the world today.

Hak asasi menungsa bab penting sanget wonten donya dinten puniko.

Cultural note: Media freedom in Indonesia increased considerably after the end of President
Suharto's rule, during which the now-defunct Ministry of Information monitored and controlled
domestic media and restricted foreign media. The number of printed publications has increased
significantly since 1998. There are hundreds of new magazines, newspapers, and tabloids. The
television market has expanded to include some 10 national commercial networks, which
compete with the public TVRI. Some provinces also operate their own stations. Private radio
stations carry their own news bulletins and foreign broadcasters can supply programs. The radio
dial is crowded, with scores of stations on the air in Jakarta alone. In 2003 the authorities
reported that more than 2,000 illegal TV and radio stations were broadcasting across the country.
The government urged them to apply for licenses, or face closure.

3. Listen to and read the following news report from Indonesia. Then answer the
questions that follow. Check your work in the Answer Key.

Pemerintah janji badhe ngrampungaken masalah hak asasi manungsa dipitakenaken

Aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa sampun ngutuk pemerintah ingkang taksih kirang
komitmenipun kangge ngrampungi masalah kasus-kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa lan
ndesak supados pemerintah ngasilaken rencana ingkang jelas.

“Pemerintah mboten gadhahi pandangan ingkang jelas badhe dateng pundhi arahipun kasus-
kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa. Kita kedhah ngelingaken Yudhoyono menawi
pemerintahan piyambakipun kedhah tegas lan jelas anggenipun mrantasi kasus-kasus puniko,”
ahli hukum senior Adnan Buyung Nasution ngendikan dinten Jemuah.

1. Punopo ingkang dipitakenanken kaliyan aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa?

2. Aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa nindakaken punapa?
3. Miturut aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa Pemerintah mboten gadhahi punapa?
4. Sinten nami Presiden Indonesia sak punika?
5. Sinten Adnan Buyung Nasution?
6. Dinten punapa Adnan Buyung Nasution ngendikan?

216
4. Work in small groups. Pretend that you are a crew working for a news program.
Come up with a short description of a political event. Use the questions from Exercise 3 as
an outline for your report.

5. Work in a small group or with a partner. Go over the information on the political
system in Indonesia one more time. Recall the information in Javanese. Report to your
teacher and to the class.

International Geography

6. Read the information about Indonesia. Answer the questions and then check your work
in the Answer Key.

217
Coat of Arms: Garuda
Motto: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese: Unity in Diversity)
National ideology: Pancasila
Anthem: Indonesia Raya
Capital (and largest city): Jakarta
Location: 6°08′S 106°45′E
Official language: Indonesian
Government: Republic
- President: Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
- Vice President: Jusuf Kalla
Independence (former Netherlands colony):
- Declared 17 August 1945
- Recognized 27 December 1949
Area:
- Total 1,904,569 km² (16th) 735,355 sq mi
- Water (%) 4.85
Population:
- 2005 estimate 222,781,000 (4th)
- 2000 census 206,264,595
- Density 117/km² (84th) 303/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2005 estimate:
- Total $977.4 billion (15th)
- Per capita $4,458[1] (110th)
Currency: Rupiah (IDR)

Questions:

Punopo werni bendera Indonesia?

Punopo lambang negeri Indonesia?

Punopo nami arto wonten Indonesia?

Punopa nami kuta ingkang paling ageng wonten Indonesia?

Negeri punopa ingkang njajah Indonesia 350 tahun?

Punopo basa resmi wonten Indonesia?

218
 7. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book.

Afghanistan/Afghani Afghanistan/Tiyang Afghanistan

Canada/Canadian Kanada/ Tiyang Kanada
China/Chinese Cinten, Tiongkok/ Tiyang Cinten, Tiongkok
Denmark/Danes Denmark/ Tiyang Denmark
Egypt/Egyptian Mesir/ Tiyang Mesir
England/English Inggeris/ Tiyang Inggeris
Finland/Finns Finlandia/ Tiyang Finlandia
France/French Perancis/ Tiyang Perancis
Germany/German Jerman/ Tiyang Jerman
Great Britain/British Inggeris/ Tiyang Inggeris
India/Indian India/ Tiyang India
Indonesia/Indonesian Indonesia/ Tiyang Indonesia
Iran/Iranian Iran/ Tiyang Iran
Iraq/Iraqi Irak/ Tiyang Irak
Ireland/Irish Irlandia/ Tiyang Irlandia
Israel/Israeli Israel/ Tiyang Israel
Italy/Italian Italia/ Tiyang Italia
Japan/Japanese Jepang/ Tiyang Jepang
Jordan/Jordanian Yordania/ Tiyang Yordania
Korea/Korean Korea/ Tiyang Korea
Kuwait/Kuwaiti Kuwait/ Tiyang Kuwait
Mexico/Mexican Meksiko/ Tiyang Meksiko
Netherlands/Dutch Belanda/ Tiyang Belanda
Norway/Norwegian Norwegia/ Tiyang Norwegia
Pakistan/Pakistani Pakistan/ Tiyang Pakistan
Philippines/Filipino Pilipina/ Tiyang Pilipina
Russia/Russian Rusia/ Tiyang Rusia
Saudi Arabia/Saudi Arab Saudi/ Tiyang Arab Saudi
Scotland/Scot Skotlandia/ Tiyang Skotlandia
South Africa/South African Afrika Kidul/ Tiyang Afrika Kidul
Spain/Spanish Sepanyol/ Tiyang Sepanyol
Sweden/Swede Swedia/ Tiyang Swedia
Syria/Syrian Siria/ Tiyang Siria
Thailand/Thai Thailand/ Tiyang Thailand
Vietnam/Vietnamese Vietnam/ Tiyang Vietnam
North America Amerika Ler
Central America Amerika Tengah
South America Amerika Kidul
Western Europe Eropa Kilen
Central Europe Eropa Tengah
Eastern Europe Eropa Wetan
Middle East Timur Tengah
Southwest Asia Asia Kidul Kilen

219
 Southeast Asia Asia Kidul Wetan
Africa Afrika
Australia Australia
Eastern Asia Asia Wetan
Arctic Kutub
Antarctica Antartika
Pacific Rim Wilayah Pasifik

Grammar note:
To indicate a person of a certain county, Javanese say “tiyang” to mean “a person.” For example:
“tiyang Amerika” = “an American (person).”

To indicate a language of a certain country, Javanese will add “basa” to mean “language.”
For example: “basa Inggeris” = “English language.”

8. Listen to and read the dialogues about nationality. Note the ways to determine
one’s nationality.

Are you from Syria? No, I’m from Egypt. I’m an Egyptian.
Punopo panjenengan saking (=asli) Siria? Sanes, kula saking (=asli)g Mesir, Kula tiyang Mesir.

Are you American? No, I’m Canadian.

Punopo panjenengan tiyang Amerika? Sanes, kula tiyang Kanada.

What are you? I’m Vietnamese.

Panjenenang tiyang punopo? Kula tiyang Vietnam.

Where are you from? I’m from India. I’m Indian.

Panjenengan saking (=asli) pundi? Kula saking (=asli) India, Kula tiyang India.

Are you Indonesian? Yes, I’m Indonesian. I live in Jakarta.

Punopo panjenengan tiyang Indonesia? Inggih, kula tiyang Indonesia. Kula manggen wonten
Jakarta.

Are you from Afghanistan? I live in Afghanistan, but I am Pakistani.

Punopo panjenengan saking (=asli) Kula manggen wonten Afghanistan, nanging kula tiyang
Afghanistan? Pakistan.

220
9. Create questions in Javanese that are appropriate to the answers provided. Check your
work with the Answer Key.

1. …………………………..?
Yes, I’m Vietnamese.
Inggih, kula tiyang Vietnam.

2. ……………………………?
No, I’m not American. I’m Canadian.
Sanes, kula sanes tiyang Amerika. Kula tiyang Kanada.

3. …………… or ……………..?
I live in Pakistan, but I’m Afghani.
Kula manggen wonten Pakistan, nanging kula tiyang Afghanistan.

4. ……………………………..?
Yes, we are Iraqis.
Inggih, kita tiyang Irak.

10. What do you hear? Write down the word that you hear. Check your answers
with the Answer Key.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

221
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following headlines into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.

1. Jugruge Idheologi Kepemimpinan Jawa

2. Sepi ing Gawe Rame in Pamrih.

3. Presiden Nyuwun Supados Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dipunpathui

4. Dinten Anti Korupsi wonten Pengadilan Ingggil Indonesia

5. Mboten wontenipun keadilan dados sumberipun masalah agama

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. From the list of the countries above, choose
one and give a briefing on its location and political system. Pretend that you are giving a
press conference. Your classmates will role-play the news reporters by asking you
questions.

The following questions may help you in your work:

1. Does this country have a president? Who is the current president?

2. How many political parties are there in this country?
3. Is there a war in this country now?
4. Does this country have a parliament?
5. Is there a democracy in this country?
6. Does this country have a prime minister?
7. Is the leader of this country a dictator?
8. Is this country a republic?
9. What is a specific geographical feature of this country?

222
Vocabulary List

Conflict Konflik
Democracy Demokrasi
Dictator Diktator
Dispute Sengketa
Election Pemilihan Umum, Pemilu
Government Pemerintah
Human Rights Hak Asasi Manungsa (Menungsa)
Invade/invasion Njajah
Leader Pempimpin, Ketua
Ministry Mentri
Nuclear weapons Senjata Nuklir
Official Pejabat, Penggedhe
Parliament Parlemen
Policy Kabijakan
Political Party Partai Politik
President Presiden
Prime minister Perdana Mentri
Racial Rasial, kesukuan
Radical Radikal
Religious Agama, Agami
Republic Republik
State Negeri, Negara
Term of office Mangsa Jabatan
To kill Mejahi, Mateni
To vote Nyoblos
To invade Njajah
War Perang
World Donya

223
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 3
Govt pledge to settle rights abuses questioned

Ary Hermawan and Ridwan Max Sijabat, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta

Rights activists have condemned the government for its lack of commitment to settling
unresolved human rights abuse cases and urged it to set a clear-cut agenda.

"The government has no clear vision as to where rights abuse cases may lead. We must remind
Yudhoyono that his administration has to be strict and clear in dealing with the issue," senior
lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution said Friday.

Questions:

1. What is being questioned by the human rights activists?

2. What do the activists do?
3. According to the activist, what does the government not have?
4. What is the name of the Indonesian President?
5. Who is Adnan Buyung Nasution?
6. When did Adnan Buyung Nasution express his concern?

Answers:
1. Its lack of commitment to settle unresolved human rights abuse cases.
2. They urged the government to set a clear-cut agenda.
3. The government has no clear vision as to where rights abuse cases may lead.
4. Yudhoyono
5. Senior lawyer
6. Friday

1. Pemerintah kirang komitmenipun kangge ngrampungi masalah kasus-kasus pelanggaran hak

asasi manungsa.
2. Aktifis-aktifis punika ndesak supados pemerintah ngasilaken rencana ingkang jelas.
3. Pemerintah mboten gadhahi pandangan ingkang jelas badhe dateng pundhi arahipun kasus-
kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa.
4. Yudhoyono
5. Ahli hukum senior
6. Dinten Jemuah

224
Exercise 6

Punopo werni bendera Indonesia? Abrit lan Pethak.

(What are the colors of the Indonesian flag? Red and White)

Punopo lambang negeri Indonesia? Garuda

(What the Indonesian’s coat of arms? Garuda)

Punopo nami arto wonten Indonesia? Rupiah

(What’s the name of the currency in Indonesia? Rupiah)

Punopa nami kuta ingkang paling ageng wonten Indonesia? Jakarta

(What’s the name of the largest city in Indonesia? Jakarta)

Negeri punopa ingkang njajah Indonesia 350 tahun? Belanda

(What country occupied/invaded Indonesia for 350 years? The Netherlands)

Punopo basa resmi wonten Indonesia? Basa Indonesia

(What is the formal language in Indonesia? Indonesian)

Exercise 9
1. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Vietnam?
2. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Amerika?
3. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Pakistan?
4. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Irak?

Exercise 10
1. India India
2. England Inggeris
3. Indonesia Indonesia
4. Israel Isreal
5. Russia Rusia

End of Lesson
Exercise 1
1. Jugruge Idheologi Kepemimpinan Jawa
(The Downfall of the Javanese Leadership Ideology)
2. Sepi ing Gawe Rame in Pamrih.
(Ask for more than what you can give)
3. Presiden Nyuwun Supados Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dipunpathui
(President Urged that Marriage Laws be Upheld)
4. Dinten Anti Korupsi wonten Pengadilan Ingggil Indonesia)
(Anticorruption day in the Indonesian Supreme Court)
5. Mboten wontenipun keadilan dados sumberipun masalah agama
(Injustice the source of religious conflict)

225
 Lesson 19
The Military
Militer

This lesson will introduce you to:

- Basic military vocabulary.
- The rank structure of the U.S. Army and Indonesian military forces.
- Names of weapons and army vehicles.

1. What do soldiers do? What do soldiers use? What do soldiers wear? The pictures will
help you guess the meaning of unknown terms.

Prajurit-prajurit punika ngagem seragam. Piyambakipun ngagem sepatu boot lan helem. Helem
punika kangge nglindungi sirah saking artileri, amunisi lan peledak. Prajurit-prajurit mbeta
senjata.

Tentara puniko ngendikan

Tentara puniko nembak ngangge wonten radio kaliyan Tentara puniko gadah
bedilipun. komandanipun. peluncur roket.

226
 2. Now listen to the new vocabulary and repeat them after the speaker.

Soldier Tentara
Uniform Seragam
Boots Sepatu boot
Helmet Helem
To protect Ngayomi, nglindungi
Artillery Artileri
Ammunition Amunisi
Explosives Bahan peledak
Weapons Senjata
Radio Radio
Commander Komandan
To fire Nembak
Rifle Bedil
Rocket launcher Peluncur roket

Grammar note:
Many words and terminology used in the military have become cognates in Javanese as well as
in Indonesian (e.g. Amunisi for Ammunition, Komandan for Commander, etc.)

3. Read the statements and match each one with the correct picture. Check your answers
with the Answer Key.

1. 2. 3.

A. Piyambakipun warga sipil. Piyambakipun mbothen gadhah senjata. Piyambakipun gadhah lare-lare.
B. Piyambakipun tentara. Piyambakipun mbeta senjata.
C. Tentara puniko nggeledahi warga sipil puniko padhos senjata.

227
 4. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

1. 2. 3.
These vehicles are HUMMVEE’s. Self-propelled Missile
Launcher
Kendaraan puniko Hammvee. Peluncur rudal otomatis

4. 5. 6.
Tank Self-propelled Gun Armored Vehicle
Tank Senjata Otomatis Kendaraan waja

5. Now cover the names of the vehicles with a sheet of paper and name them. Repeat
Exercise 4 as many times as you need to feel comfortable with the new terms.

1. ……………………..
2. ……………………..
3. ……………………..
4. ……………………..
5. ……………………..
6. ……………………..

228
 6. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 8

1 Mortar Mortir 5 Mine Ranjau

2 Rifle Bedil 6 Pistol Pistul
3 Machine gun Bedil otomatis, bedil mesin 7 Missile Rudal
4 Grenade Granat 8 Weapons cache Gudang senjata

7. Look at the pictures in Exercise 6. Cover the Javanese translations and the English
words in Exercise 6. Match each term with the correct picture. Replay the sound as many
times as you need. Check your work with the Answer Key.

A. mine ranjau
B. missile rudal
C. grenade granat
D. weapons cache gudang senjata, panyimpenan senjata
E. pistol pistul
F. mortar mortir
G. machine gun bedil otomatis, bedil mesin
H. rifle bedil

229
8. In the following lists of items, one out of each four does not logically belong. Cross out
the one that does not belong. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1. Tank Granat Trek, prahoto Humvee

2. Bedil Mortir Helem Bedil otomatis

3. Seragam Tentara Warga sipil Komandan

4. Radio Peta Lapangan ranjau Senjata

5. Helem Artileri Seragam Sepatu boot

6. Pejabat, opsir, Tentara Warga sipil Komandan

perwira

9. Read the following statements. Mark as True or False. Check your answers with the
Answer Key.

1. A. ______ Tentara-tentara ngagem helem kangge nglindungi (sirah) saking angin.

B. ______ Tentara-tentara ngagem helem kangge nglindungi (sirah) saking amunisi.
C. ______ Tentara-tentara ngagem helem kangge nglindungi (sirah) saking peledak lan artileri.

2. A. ______ Kita nggeledahi sedaya kendaraan kangge padhos senjata.

B. ______ Kita nggeledahi sedaya tentara-tentara musuh kangge padhos senjata.
C. ______ Kita nggeledahi sedaya opsir kangge padhos senjata.

10. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear.
Check your work in the Answer Key.

1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives.

B. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition and artillery.
C. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from wind.

2. A. We are searching all civilians for weapons.

B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.
C. We are searching all enemy officers for weapons.

230
 11. Listen and repeat the new words after the speaker.

Army base Pangkalan angkatan darat

Be careful! Atos-atos! Ngatos-atos!
Curfew Jam jagi ndalu , jam malem
In charge of … Tanggel-jawab…
Minefield Lapangan ranjau
Roadblock Verboden
Checkpoint Pos jagi, pos jaga
Identification KTP, kartu pengenal
Patrol Patroli
Base Pangkalan
Barracks Barak

12. Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the vocabulary list above. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

A. Sinten__________________ patroli? Ketua (kepala) patroli.

B. Punopo wonten _______________? Inggih, saking jam 8:00 ndalu ngantos jam 6:00 injing.
C. _________________? Wonten _________________ sak sebrangipun mergi!
D. Sedaya kedhah nunjukaken _______________ wonten __________________.
E. Wonten pundi _________________? Wonten sak sebrangipun pangkalan puniko.

13. Work with a partner and take turns reading and role-playing the dialogues from
Exercise 12.

14. Work in a small group and make up similar dialogues, and then role-play them.

15. Study the list of U.S. Army ranks. Compare them with the Indonesian military
equivalents.

Enlisted Dipundaftar, dipunrekrut

Private prajurit
Corporal Kopral
Sergeant Sersan
Sergeant Major Sersan Mayor

Officer Opsir, perwira, pejabat

Lieutenant Letnan
Captain Kapten
Major Mayor
Lt. Colonel Letnan Kolonel
Colonel Kolonel
General Jendral

231
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Javanese, make up a caption for each
picture below.

1. …………………………………………………… .

2. …………………………………………………… .

3. …………………………………………………… .

2. a) Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the Answer
Key.

A. Wonten pundi gudang senjatanipun?

B. Sinten ingkang tanggel-jawab kaliyan patroli puniko?

C. Panjenengan kedhah nunjukaken KTP wanci panjenengan nglewati pos jagi.

D. Sedaya warga sipil kedhah dipugeledah kangge padhos senjata.

E. Jam malem milai jam 9:00 ndalu. Sak meniko jam 9:45. Wangsul kemawon dateng
griya panjenengan.

F. Naming (namung) tentara-tentara ingkang saget (pareng) mlebet pangkalan militer.

b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Make up situations where you can use
sentences C, D, E, and F as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you
have short dialogues. Role-play them.

232
3. a) Translate the following into Javanese. Compare your translation against the Answer
Key.

A. Please step out of the car. We must search the vehicle for weapons.

B. It is after curfew. You must come with me for questioning.

C. The weapons cache is on the other side of Checkpoint Delta.

D. Be careful. There is a minefield east of the railroad.

E. Every soldier needs to have a radio and a map.

F. You must know all the checkpoints and roadblocks in this area.

b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Make up situations where you can use
these sentences as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you have short
dialogues. Role-play them.

233
Vocabulary

Ammunition Amunisi
Army base Pangkalan angkatan darat
Artillery Artileri
Barracks Barak
Base Pangkalan
Be careful! Ngatos-atos!
Boots Sepatu boots
Checkpoint Pos jagi, pos jaga
Civilian Warga sipil
Commander Komandan
Curfew Jam malem
Enemy Musuh
Explosive Peledak
Grenade Granat
Gun Bedil
Helmet Helem
In charge (of a patrol, base) Tanggel-jawab
Machine gun Bedil otomatis; bedil mesin
Map Peta
Military Militer
Mine Ranjau
Minefield Lapangan ranjau
Missile Rudal
Mortar Mortir
Officer Opsir, perwira, pejabat
Protection Perlindungan, pengayoman
Radio Radio
Rank Pangkat
Rifle Bedil, senapan
Roadblock Verboden; rintangan dhalan
Rocket Roket
Rocket launcher Peluncur roket
Search Nggeledah, nggeledahi
Soldier Tentara, prajurit
Tank Tank
Uniform Seragam
Weapons Senjata
Weapons cache Gudang senjata
Enlisted Dipunrekrut, dipundaftar
Private Prajurit
Corporal Kopral
Sergeant Sersan
Sergeant Major Sersan Mayor

234
Officer Opsir, pejabat, perwira
Lieutenant Letnan
Captain Kapten
Major Mayor
Lt. Colonel Letnan Kolonel
Colonel Kolonel
General Jendral

235
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 3
1. C. The soldier searches the civilian for weapons.
2. B. He is a soldier. He has a weapon.
3. A. He is a civilian. He does not have weapons. He has children.

Exercise 7
A. 5 mine Ranjau
B. 7 missile Rudal
C. 4 grenade Granat
D. 8 weapons cache Gudang senjata
E. 6 pistol Pistul
F. 1 mortar Mortir
G. 3 machine gun Bedil otomatis, bedil mesin
H. 2 rifle Bedil

Exercise 8
1. Grenade Granat
2. Helmet Helem
3. Uniform Seragam
4. Minefield Lapangan ranjau
5. Artillery Artileri
6. Civilian Warga sipil

Exercise 9
1. A. FALSE Soldiers wear helmets for protection from wind.
B. TRUE Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition.
C. TRUE Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives and artillery.
2. A. TRUE We are searching all vehicles for weapons.
B. TRUE We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.
C. TRUE We are searching all officers for weapons.

Exercise 10
1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives.
Para tentara ngagem helem kangge nglindungi (sirah) saking peledak.
2. B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.
Kita ngledahi sedaya tentara-tentara musuh kangge padhos senjata.

236
 Exercise 12
A. Who is in charge of the patrol? The patrol leader.
Sinten ingkang tanggel-jawab kaliyan patroli meniko? Ketua (= kepala) patroli.
B. Is there a curfew? Yes, from 8:00pm to 6:00am.
Punopo wonten jam malem? Inggih, saking jam 8:00 ndalu ngantos jam 6:00 injing.
C. Be careful! There is a minefield across the road!
Ngatos-atos! Wonten ladang ranjau sak sebrangipun mergi!
D. Everyone must show their identification at the checkpoint.
Sedaya kedhah nunjukaken KTP wonten pos jagi
E. Where are the barracks? On the other side of the base.
Wonten pundi barak? Wonten sak sebrangipun pangkalan puniko.

End of Lesson Exercise 2a

A. Where is the weapons cache?
B. Who is in charge of this patrol?
C. You must show your identification when you pass the checkpoint.
D. All civilians must be searched for weapons.
E. Curfew starts at 9:00pm. It’s 9:45 now. Go back to your home.
F. Only soldiers may enter the army base.

Exercise 3a
A. Please step out of the car. We must search the vehicle for weapons.
Nyuwun tulung medhal saking montoripun. Kita kedhah ngeledahi kendaraanipun kangge padhos senjata.
B. It is after curfew. You must come with me for questioning.
Puniko sampun sak bibaripun jam malem. Panjenengan kedhah nderek kula kangge dipuntakeni.
C. The weapons cache is on the other side of Checkpoint Delta.
Gudang senjata puniko wonten sak sebrangipun pos jagi Delta.
D. Be careful. There is a minefield east of the railroad.
Ngatos-atos! Wonten lapangan ranjau sisih wetan ril sepur.
E. Every soldier needs to have a radio and a map.
Saben prajurit betah radio lan peta.
F. You must know all the checkpoints and roadblocks in this area.
Panjenengan kedhah prikso sedaya pos jagi lan verboden (rintangan mergi) wonten daerah puniko.

237
 Lesson 20
In the Hospital
Wonten Griya Sakit
This lesson will introduce you to:
- Vocabulary related to medical emergencies and life-saving measures
- Terminology related to internal organs
- Ways to ask questions about vital signs.

Unfortunately, almost every disease known to man can be found somewhere in Indonesia. Malaria
vaccination is not necessary for Java or Bali, but is wise if traveling for extended periods in Sumatra,
Borneo, Lombok or points east. Dengue fever can be contracted anywhere and using insect repellents
(DEET) and a mosquito net is highly advisable. Hepatitis is also common and getting vaccinated
before arriving in Indonesia is wise.

The air quality in major cities, especially Jakarta and Surabaya, is poor, and the seasonal haze (June-
October) from forest fires on Borneo and Sumatra can also cause respiratory problems. If you have
asthma, bring your medicine and breather.

238
Recent years have seen outbreaks of polio and anthrax in rural parts of Java and rabies in East Nusa
Tenggara. Avian influenza (bird flu) has also made headlines, but outbreaks are sporadic and limited
to people who deal with live or dead poultry in rural areas. Eating cooked chicken appears to be safe.

The local Indonesian health care system is not up to western standards. While a short term stay in an
Indonesian hospital or medical center for simple health problems is probably not markedly different to
a western facility, serious and critical medical emergencies will stretch the system to the limit. In fact,
many rich Indonesians often choose to travel to neighboring Singapore to receive more serious health
care. SOS Indonesia (24-hour emergency line +62-21-7506001) specializes in treating expatriates and
has English staff on duty, but charges are correspondingly high. In any case, travel health insurance
that includes medical evacuation back to a home country is highly recommended.

If you need a specific medicine, bring the medicine in its container/bottle, if possible with the doctor's
prescription. Indonesian custom inspectors may ask about the medicine. If you need additional
medicine in Indonesia, bring the container to a pharmacy (apotek) and if possible mention the active
ingredients of the medicine. Drugs are usually manufactured locally under different brand names, but
contain the same ingredients. Be careful about the proper dosage of the medicine.

For routine traveler complaints, one can often find medical doctors (doktor) in towns. These small
clinics are usually walk-in, although you may face a long wait. Most clinics open in the afternoon
(from 4 PM). The emergency room (ER) in hospitals is always open (24 hours). There are clinics
(poliklinik) in most hospitals (8 AM-4 PM). Advance payment is expected for treatment.

Be warned, though, that the doctors/nurses may not speak English well enough to make an appropriate
diagnosis -- be patient and take a good phrasebook or a translator with you. Ask about the name and
dosage of the prescription medicine, as doctors oversubscribe to inflate their own cut, with antibiotics
handed out like candy.

In Lesson 17, you learned the names of human body parts, how to ask questions about a person’s state
of health, and how to describe health conditions and symptoms of sickness. You also know how to
handle a visit to the doctor’s office. In this lesson, you will familiarize yourself with the vocabulary
used for emergency or life threatening health conditions, such as heart attacks, gunshot wounds, severe
bleeding, and head injuries.

239
1. Go over the text with the pictures. Try to guess the meaning of the words in bold from the
context.

1 2

Pria niki tanganipun sakit. Wanita niki tanganipun sakit.

3 4

Pria niki sukunipun sakit. Pria niki gulunipun sakit.

Sakit means wound or injury. It can also be used as an adjective, and could mean
wounded or injured.

2. Look at the pictures in Exercise 1 and match the number of the picture with the correct
definition below. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

A. Suku sakit - picture number _____.

B. Gulu sakit - picture number _____.
C. Lengen sakit - picture number _____.
D. Lengen sakit - picture number _____.

3. Tell your classmates in Javanese if you ever had an injury or a wound.

240
 4. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and the nurse in the emergency
room of a military hospital. Note the use of new vocabulary.

Doctor: How does Sergeant Joko feel?

Kados pundi raosipun Sersan Joko?
Nurse: He feels bad, Doctor Surya.
Piyambakipun raosipun sakit, dokter Surya.
Doctor: What is the matter with him?
Piyambakipun wonten punapa?
Nurse: His leg hurts.
Suku piyambakipun sakit.
Doctor: Is it injured?
Punapa sakit?
Nurse: Yes. He has a gunshot wound. He is bleeding.
Inggih, piyambakipun sakit amargi ketembak. Piyambakipun.
Doctor: Does he have a fever?
Punapa piyambakipun benter-asrep (demam)?
Nurse: Yes, he does.
Inggih.
Doctor: Is he taking any medications?
Punapa piyambakipun ngunjuk obat?
Nurse: Yes, antibiotics and painkillers.
Inggih, antibiotik lan obat kangge ngilangaken sakit.

5. Work with a partner. Role-play the dialogue from Exercise 4.

6. Match each of the pictures with the corresponding statement. Try to guess the meanings of
unknown words from the context. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

A B C

1. Pria niki tanganipun diperban.

2. Pria niki mboten ngagem topinipun. Benter sanget dinten puniko. Sak puniko
piyambakipun semaput sebab kebenteren.

3. Tentara niki sukunipun sakit.

241
Did you understand the meanings of the words in bold?

semaput sebab kebenteren means heat stroke. (there is not an equivalent or one word to
describe this, it’s just a description/explanation of heat stroke in Javanese)
perban, kain perban means dressing.
diperban means has a dressing.

7. Listen to the speaker and read along in your textbook. Use the Answer Key to check
the meanings of unknown words.

Niki perban lan tensoplas. Panjenengan mbetahaken kangge merban. Perban lan tensoplas kedah
steril.

8. Familiarize yourself with some new medical terminology. Listen as the speaker recites
the names of internal organs. Repeat after the speaker.

1 2 3 4 5

1. heart jantung
2. brain otak
3. lung paru-paru
4. kidney ginjel
5. liver ati

242
 9. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate name of the organ in the Javanese. Check your
answers with the Answer Key.

jantung ati paru-paru ginjel otak

A. The human ____________ is in charge of all body system functions.

B. The _________ is a very important organ because it helps our body to get rid of fat.
C. Exercising is very important for my ____________.
D. Smoking can cause ____________cancer.
E. Drinking a lot of water is necessary for the ___________ .

10. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and a patient in a military hospital
emergency room.

Doctor: Hello, Major Trisna.

Dokter: Halo, Mayor Trisna.
Major: Good morning, Doctor Agung.
Mayor: Sugeng injing, dokter Agung.
Doctor: What happened to you?
Dokter: Panjenengan sakit punapa?
Major: I don’t know. I didn’t feel well. I had chest pain, headache, and dizziness.
Mayor: Mboten mangertos. Kula raosipun mboten sae (= sekeca). Dada kula sakit, sirah kula sakit lan
mumet.
Doctor: How long did you have your symptoms?
Dokter: Sampun pinten dangu panjenengan wonten gejala-gejalanipun?
Major: For about two days.
Mayor: Kinten-kinten kalih dinten.
Doctor: Did you take any medications?
Dokter: Punapa panjenengan ngunjuk obat?
Major: Yes, I took painkillers.
Mayor: Inggih, kula ngambe obat kangge ngilangaken sakit.
Doctor: For how long?
Dokter: Pinten dangunipun?
Major: For about two days… What happened to me, doctor?
Mayor: Kinten-kinten kalih dinten … Kula wonten punapa, dokter?
Doctor: Well, when you got in the ER, you couldn’t breathe. We had to do CPR. You had abnormal

243
blood pressure. It was 230 over 180. You had a heart attack. What symptoms do you have now?
Dokter: Wanci panjenengan mlebet ER, panjenengan mboten saget ambekan. Kita kedah ndamel CPR.
Panjenengan gadhahtekanan darah ingkang mboten normal. Puniko 230 sak inggilipun 180. Panjenengan
kenging serangan jantung. Wonten gejala-gejala punapa sak menika?
Major: I feel weakness.
Mayor: Kula raosipun lemes.
Doctor: Are you allergic to any medications?
Dokter: Punopo panjenengan alergi kaliyan obat-obatan?
Major: Yes, I’m allergic to penicillin.
Mayor: Inggih, kula alergi pinisilin.
Doctor: Do you have any kidney, liver, lung, or brain diseases? Diabetes? Cancer?
Dokter: Punopo panjenengan gadhah penyakit ginjel, ati, paru-paru utawi otak? Penyakit gendis? Penyakit
kanker?
Major: No, I don’t.
Mayor: Mboten.
Doctor: Do you smoke?
Dokter: Punapa panjenengan ngrokok?
Major: No, I don’t.
Mayor: Mboten.
Doctor: Have any members of your family had heart diseases or had a heart attack?
Dokter:Punapa wonten anggota keluarga panjenengan ingkang sakit jantung utawi kenging serangan
jantung?
Major: Yes, my father died three years ago from heart disease.
Mayor:Inggih, bapak kula sedha tigang tahun kepengker sebab kenging serangan jantung.
Doctor: Well, I think you must stay in the hospital and rest for a few days.
Dokter: Kula kinten panjenengan kedhah mondok wonten griya sakit lan instirahat … dinten.
Major: But I need to get back to my unit!
Mayor:Nanging kula kedhah wangsul dateng satuan kula.
Doctor: No, you have to stay in the hospital, rest, and take aspirin.
Dokter:Mboten, panjenengan kedhah mondok wonten griya sakit lan ngunjuk aspirin.

11. Work with a partner. Pretend to be a doctor and a patient and role-play the dialogue from
Exercise 10.

12. Match the questions and answers. When you have finished, check your answers with the
answer key.

A. Kados pundi raosipun panjenengan?
B. Panjenengan wonten punapa?
C. Kados pundi raosipun panjenengan?
D. Punapa panjengan sakit?
E. Wonten pundi ingkang sakit?
F. Punapa panjenengan sakit?
G. Punapa panjenengan ngunjuk obat?
1. Inggih, kula ketembak wonten lengen kula.
2. Kula raosipun lemes lan mumet.
3. Luka-luka kula pendarahan.
4. Padaran kula sakit.
5. Inggih, dada kula sakit. Kula mboten saget ambekan.
6. Inggih, obat kangge ngilangaken sakit.
7. Kula roasipun sakit sanget.

244
 13. What do you hear? Transcribe what you hear in Javanese, and then translate it into
English. Check your answers with the Answer Key.

1.
2.
3.

245
 End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Practice answering the following questions in Javanese:

A. What is your normal pulse?

B. What is your normal blood pressure?
C. Are you allergic to any medications?
D. Have you ever had a head injury?
E. Have you ever had heat stroke?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the picture and say, in Javanese, what you
think has happened with a patient. You might want to mention the following things: Is the
patient a man or a woman? What is their age? Are they a soldier? Are they wounded? Are
they injured? In pain? Are they bleeding? Do they have a fever? Will they need to stay in the
hospital? Do they have high blood pressure? Do they have chest pain? Are they having a heart
attack? Can they breathe? Will they need CPR? Are they allergic to the medications? Do they
take any medications?

246
Vocabulary List

Abnormal Mboten normal

Aspirin Aspirin
Bandage Perban
Band-aid Tensoplas
Bleeding Pendarahan
Brain Otak
Breathing Ambekan
Cancer Kanker
CPR Pernapasan Buatan
Cut Kegores, kepotong
Diabetes Penyakit gendis
Dressing Perban, kain perban
ER Unit gawat darurat
Gunshot wound Luka-luka ketembak
Head injury Luka-luka sirah
Heart Jantung
Heart attack Serangan jantung
Heart disease Penyakit jantung
Heat stroke Semaput sebab kebenteren
High blood pressure Tekanan darah inggil
I am allergic to…/ Are you allergic to…? Kula alergi …/ Punapa panjenengan alergi …?
Injured Terluka
Injury Luka-luka
Kidney Ginjel
Liver Ati
Lungs Paru-paru
Organs Bagian lebet badan, jeroan
Painkillers obat kangge ngilangaken sakit
Penicillin Pinisilin
Pulse Detak jantung
Sterile Steril
To die Seda, mati, sampun tilar
To stay Mondok (in a hospital)
To feel Kraos, raosipun
Wound/ Wounded Luka-luka, terluka

247
ANSWER KEY
Exercise 2
A. 3 Wounded leg
B. 4 Injured neck
C. 1 and/or 2 Wounded arm
D. 1 and/or 2 Injured arm

Exercise 6
A. 3 This soldier has an injured leg.
B. 2 This man didn’t wear his hat. It was very hot today. Now he has heat stroke.
C. 1 This man has a dressing on his wounded arm.

Exercise 7
These are bandages and band-aids. You need them to make a dressing for a cut or wound. They have
to be sterile.

Exercise 9

A. brain otak
B. liver ati
C. heart jantung
D. lung paru-paru
E. kidneys ginjel

Exercise 12
A. How do you feel?
B. What is the matter with you?
C. What do you feel?
D. Are you in pain?
E. Where does it hurt?
F. Are you injured?
G. Are you taking any medication?
7. I feel really bad.
3. My wound is bleeding.
2. I feel weak and dizzy.
5. Yes, I have chest pain. I can’t breathe.
4. My stomach hurts.
1. Yes, I have a gunshot injury in my arm.
6. Yes, painkillers.

Exercise 13
1. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my neck.
Punapa gejala-gejala panjengenan? Kula demam lan gulu kula sakit.
2. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I have chest pain.
Kados pundi raosipun? Kula raosipun sakit. Dada kula sakit.
3. Are you a doctor? This man just had a heart attack.
Punapa panjenengan dokter? Pria niki nembe kemawon kenging serangan jantung.

248