Microsoft Word

You have to know that Microsoft Word is the most popular word

processor both in the past and in the present , It remains to be the top

choice among the differentword processors available , It is an

indispensable tool for most computer users , And you can create the

documents and complete a number of other functions related toword

processing .

We must know that Microsoft Word processing has improved and it

made the work of typing definitely faster and convenient , It is one of

the most used aspects of information technology , The people of most

ages from the young grade school student to the elder grandmother

could have encountered the need for word processing .

Advantages of Microsoft Word

You have to know that Microsoft Word is a great tool as typing is faster

than ever , Itis easy to correct the mistakes by just hitting the backspace

or delete button , andthere are the templates for just about any type of

document , And mail merge from a database so that you can easily send

out the letters to multiple people at a time .

You should know that you can align the text whether at the center ,

right or left margins or justified takes just one

click , spelling and grammatical mistakes are pointed out instantly , you

can correct any mistakes which are made easily , The

bullets and numbers are done automatically , and there is always an

option to ask for help .

2) powerPoint Presentation Style Tips

Step 1: Don’t let PowerPoint decide how you use PowerPoint.

Microsoft wanted to provide PowerPoint users with a lot of tools. But this does not
mean you should use them all. Here are some key things to look out for:

 Make sure that preset PPT themes complement your needs before you adopt
them.
 Try to get away from using Microsoft Office’s default fonts, Calibri and
Cambria. Using these two typefaces can make the presentation seem
underwhelming.
 Professionals should never use PPT’s action sounds. (Please consider your
audience above personal preference).
 PowerPoint makes bulleting automatic, but ask yourself: Are bullets actually
appropriate for what you need to do? Sometimes they are, but not always.
 Recent PPT defaults include a small shadow on all shapes. Remove this
shadow if it's not actually needed. Also, don’t leave shapes in their default
blue.

Step 2: Create custom slide sizes.

While you usually can get away with the default slide size for most presentations,
you may need to adjust it for larger presentations on weirdly sized displays. If you
need to do that, here's how.

1. In the top-left corner, choose "File."

2. Select "Page Setup."
3. Type the height and width of the background you'd like, and click "OK."
4. A dialogue box will appear. Click "OK" again.
5. Your background is resized!

Tip: Resize your slides before you add any objects to them or the dimensions of your
objects will become skewed.

Step 3: Edit your slide template design.

Often, it's much easier to edit your PowerPoint template before you start -- this way,
you don't have design each slide by hand. Here's how you do that.
 1. Select "Themes" in the top navigation.
2. In the far right, click "Edit Master," then "Slide Master."
3. Make any changes you like, then click "Close Master." All current and future
slides in that presentation will use that template.

Step 4: Make sure all of your objects are properly aligned.

Having properly aligned objects on your slide is the key to making it look polished
and professional. You can manually try to line up your images ... but we all know
how that typically works out. You're trying to make sure all of your objects hang out
in the middle of your slide, but when you drag them there, it still doesn't look quite
right. Get rid of your guessing game and let PowerPoint work its magic with this
trick.
Gopher :-
Gopher was a step toward the World Wide Web's Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP), which effectively replaced it within a short time.
With hypertext links, the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), and
the arrival of a graphical browser, Mosaic, the Web quickly
transcended Gopher. Gopher was developed at the University of
Minnesota, whose sports teams are called "the Golden Gophers ."

FTP:- File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet protocol for transmitting files
between computers on the Internet over TCP/IP connections.

FTP is a client-server protocol that relies on two communications channels between client and

server: a command channel for controlling the conversation and a data channel for

transmitting file content. Clients initiate conversations with servers by requesting to

download a file. Using FTP, a client can upload, download, delete, rename, move and copy files

on a server. A user typically needs to log on to the FTP server, although some servers make

some or all of their content available without login, also known as anonymous FTP.

HTTP:- The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for

distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of
data communication for the World Wide Web. Hypertext is structured text that uses
logical links (hyperlinks) between nodes containing text.

Telnet
Telnet is a user command and an underlying TCP/IP protocol for accessing remote computers.

Through Telnet, an administrator or another user can access someone else's computer

remotely. On the Web, HTTP and FTP protocols allow you to request specific files from remote

computers, but not to actually be logged on as a user of that computer. With Telnet, you log on

as a regular user with whatever privileges you may have been granted to the

specific application and data on that computer.

browser
A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with

all the information on the World Wide Web. The word "browser" seems to have

originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user interfaces that let you browse
(navigate through and read) text files online.Technically, a Web browser is

a client program that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to make requests of

Web servers throughout the Internet on behalf of the browser user. Most browsers

support e-mail and the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) but a Web browser is not

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator, previously Universal Resource Locator) - usually

pronounced by sounding out each letter but, in some quarters, pronounced "Earl" -

is the unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet. A common way to

get to aWeb site is to enter the URL of its home page file in your Web browser's

address line. However, any file within that Web site can also be specified with a

URL. Such a file might be any Web (HTML) page other than the home page, an image

file, or a program such as a common gateway interface application or Java applet.

The URL contains the name of the protocol to be used to access the file resource,

a domain name that identifies a specific computer on the Internet, and a pathname,

a hierarchical description that specifies the location of a file in that computer.

operating system - OS
The operating system (OS) is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every
general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs
and applications.
Computer operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to
the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such
as printers.
For large systems, the operating system has even greater responsibilities and powers. It is like a traffic cop -- it
makes sure that different programs and users running at the same time do not interfere with each other. The
operating system is also responsible for security, ensuring that unauthorized users do not access the system.

Classification of Operating systems

 Multi-user: Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit
hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
 Multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU.
 Multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently.
 Multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.
 Real time: Responds to input instantly. General-purpose operating systems, such as DOS and UNIX, are not real-
time.
Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs, can run.
The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system. Your choice of operating
system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run. For PCs, the most popular operating
systems are DOS, OS/2, and Windows, but others are available, such as Linux.