1 Introduction

Single cell Box Culvert :-

Cushion Depth (m)

Sr.No Chainage Span Configuration Group-No's
Max Min
5 x 4x4 A 0 0
Max Cushion = 0 m depth

The possible design grouping of Box culvert is being made based on without Cushion Depth on Main Carriageway /
Serivce road & Span Configuration.

Group - A
Box Culvert one cell of size (2.0x 3.0) m is proposed, which is having 12.00 m length,
0.3 m thick side wall, 0.3 m thick top slab & 0.3 m thick bottom slab.

1 2 3 4 22.8 6 7 8 9 10 11
5
A 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 A
0.5 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.5
H.F.L
B 4 4 4 4 B 5.1
3.4 4 4 4 4

C 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 C

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
1 2 3 Sectional Elevation

8.5

0.5 Kerb
0.5 7.5 0 0

0.5

0.6

Transverse Section

0.5

8.5

0.5

Longitudinal Section
 2.0
Design Data
1 Grade of Concrete M25
2 Grade of Steel Fe500
3 Unit Weight of Concrete 25 KN/m3
4 Unit Weight of cushion over RCC Box 0 KN/m3
5 Unit Weight of wearing coat 22 KN/m3
6 Height of earth fill for Live Load Surcharge 1.2 m
7 Clear Cover for Base Slab 75 mm
8 Clear Cover for side wall-Earth Face 75 mm
9 Clear Cover for side wall-Inner Face 40 mm
10
Clear Cover for Top slab 40 mm
11
Haunch size 150 x 150
12
Unit Weight of Back fill 18 KN/m3
13
Angle of wall friction “d” 20 Deg
14
Angle of internal friction of contact soil “f” 30 Deg
15
Coeff. of Active Earth Pressure (At Rest) 0.50
16
SBC of Soil 150 KN/m2 (Assumed)
17
Wearing coat Thickness 0.065 m
18
Cushion over top Slab 0.0 m
Cushion over bottom Slab 0 m
19
Water density 10.00 KN/m3
20
Top slab thickness 500 mm
21
Bottom slab thickness 600 mm
22
Outer Side wall thickness 500 mm
23
Inner Side wall thickness 450 mm
24
Crash barrier load /meter 8.80 KN/m
25 Foot Path Width 0 m
 3 Load Calculations
3.1 Dead Load Calculations
Top Slab = 22.8 X 0.5X 8.5X 25
= 2422.5 kN
Bottom Slab = 22.8x 0.6x 8.5x 25
= 2907.0 kN
Outer Walls = 0.5x 4x 8.5 x 25X 2
= 850.0 kN
Inner Walls = 0.45x 4x 8.5 x 25X 4
= 1530.0 kN
Wearing coat above slab = 0.065 x 8.5x 22.8x 22 5000
= 277 kN 5
Cushion above Top Slab = 22.8x 0x 8.5x 0
= 0 kN
Cushion above Bottom Slab = 4X 0x 8.5x 0
= 0 kN 0.3125
Footpath wt on Top slab = 0X 22.8x 25X 1 0.03125
= 0.0 kN 0.0625
Footpath Live Load = 5X 0.00 0.40625
= 0.00 kN
Handrails = 0.365X 0X 25
= 0.00 kN
Crash Barrier Weight = 8.80 x 2 x 22.80
= 401.28 kN 0.09375
Haunch load = 0.5X 0.15X 0.15X 25X 8.5X 20
= 47.81 kN
Water load = 10X 4X 3.4X 8.5 (for HFL Case)
= 1156.00 kN
Water load = 10X 4X 4X 8.5 (for full case)
= 1360.00 kN
Total Dead Load = 8435.727 kN

Base Pressure (DL = 8435.7265 43.53 kN/m2 (for Dry Case)

only) 8.5X 22.80
HFL Case
Top Slab = 22.8 X 0.5X 8.5X 25.00
= 2422.5 kN
Bottom Slab = 22.8x 0.6x 8.5x 15.00
= 1744.2 kN
Outer Walls = 0.5x 0.6x 8.5 x 25X 2.00
= 127.5 kN
Outer Walls = 0.5x 3.4X 8.5 x 15X 2.00
= 433.5 kN
Inner Walls = 0.45x 0.6x 8.5 x 25X 4.00
229.5 kN
Inner Walls = 0.45x 3.4x 8.5 x 15X 4.00
780.3 kN
Wearing coat above slab = 0.065 x 8.5x 22.8x 22.00
= 277.1 kN
Cushion above top Slab = 22.8x 0x 8.5x 0.00
= 0 kN
Cushion above bottom Slab = 4X 0x 8.5x -10
= 0 kN
Footpath wt on Top slab = 0X 22.8X 25X 1
0.0 kN
Footpath Live Load = 5X 0.00
= 0.0 kN
Handrails = 0.365X 0X 25
= 0.00 kN
Crash Barrier Weight (including m = 8.80 x 2 x 22.8
= 401.28 kN
Haunch load = 0.5X 0.15X 0.15X 15X 8.5X 8
0.5X 0.15X 0.15X 25X 8.5X 8
= 30.6 kN
Total Dead Load (DL+HFL-case) = 6446.5 kN
Total Dead Load = 7602.5 kN

Base Pressure (DL+HFL-case) = 7602.514 39.23 kN/m2 (for HFL case)

8.5X 22.80
Full water Case
Top Slab = 22.8 X 0.5X 8.5X 15
= 1453.5 kN
Bottom Slab = 22.8x 0.6x 8.5x 15
= 1744.2 kN
Outer Walls = 0.5x 4x 8.5 x 15X 2
= 510.0 kN
Inner Walls = 0.45x 4x 8.5 x 15X 4
= 918.0 kN
Wearing coat above slab = 0.065 x 8.5x 22.8x 22
= 277 kN
Cushion above top Slab = 22.8x 0x 8.5x -10
= 0 kN
Cushion above bottom Slab = 4X 0x 8.5x 1
= 0 kN
Footpath wt on top slab = 0X 22.8X 25X 1X
= 0.0 kN
Footpath Live Load = 5X 0.00
= 0.0 kN
Hand Rails = 0.365X 0X 25
= 0.0 kN
Crash Barrier Weight = 8.80 x 2 x 22.8
(including median) = 401.28 kN
Haunch load = 0.5X 0.15X 0.15X 15X 8.5X 20
= 28.69 kN
Total Dead = 5332.8 kN
Load
Total = 6692.802 kN
Dead
Base (DL+ Full Water) = 6692.8015 34.535 kN/m2 (for full water case)
Pressure 8.5X 22.8
Base Pressure:-
DL only = 150kN/m2 > 43.53kN/m2 > 0kN/m2 Safe

(DL+HFL-case)= 150kN/m2 > 39.23kN/m2 > 0kN/m2 Safe

(DL+ Full Water) = 150kN/m2 > 34.53kN/m2 > 0kN/m2 Safe

Vehicle Load

1) Class-70R
100 T

2) Class-A
55.4 T

Possible no's of axle load of IRC Vehicle -

Eff. Span = 22.3 m 1) Class-70R = 1.37 m = 34 t
2) Class-A = 1.2 m = 22.8 t

1) 2L-Class-A Top Slab = 2x 228 X 1.075 impact factor

= 490.2x KN

Bottom Slab = 0 KN

1) 1L- 70RW Top Slab = 0x 0X 0.00 + 1x 340 x 1.076

= 365.84 KN

Bottom Slab = 0 KN

Base Pressure due to live:-

Max Base Pressure = 490.20

DL+SIDL+2L-A 8.5x 22.8
= 2.53 kN/m2

Max Base Pressure = 365.84

DL+SIDL+1L-70RW 8.5x 22.8
1.89 kN/m2

Total base pressure for different load combination :-

Max Base Pressure = 46.06 kN/m2 < 150KN/m2 Safe

DL+SIDL+2L-A

Max Base Pressure = 45.42 kN/m2 < 150KN/m2 Safe

DL+SIDL+1L-70RW

(DL+ SIDL+HFL-case+ = 41.12 kN/m2 < 150KN/m2 Safe

Min((2L-A) or 1L-70RW )

(DL+ SIDL+Full-case+ = 36.42 kN/m2 < 150KN/m2 Safe

Min((2L-A) or 1L-70RW )
3.2 Earth Pressure Calculations

Surcharge Earth pressure

Earth Pressure at rest condition is computed as per Jaky's (1944) equation
K0 = 1- sin(Φ)
K0 = 0.5

3.3 Loads

1 Dead Load
i) Self load of underpass is given through selfweight command in Software
ii) Wearing Coat = 0.065x 22 = 1.43 KN/m2
iii)Cushion on Top Slab = 0x 0 = 0 KN/m2
iv)Cushion on bottom Slab = 0x 0 = 0 KN/m2
v) FootPath DL = 0.000x 25 = 0.00 KN/m
v) FootPath LL = 0x 1.25 = 0.00 KN/m
vi) Crash Barrier DL = 8.8x 2 = 17.60 KN/m
vii) Hand Rails = 0x 25 = 0.00 KN/m
2 Earth pressure (dry condition) = 0.5x 18x 5.1 = 45.9 KN/m2
3 Surcharge = 0.5x 18x 1.2 = 10.8 KN/m2
4 water pressure = 10x 4 = 40 KN/m2
= 10x 4 = 10 KN/m2
4
5 Vehicular Live Load is taken for one metre width

Clause no-208.6, IRC-6-2014

Impact Factor (50 % of Impact factor)
1 Class 70R = 15.24% = 1.076
2 Class A = 15.00% = 1.075
Top Slab
1 2 3 4 5 6

A A

B B

5123.8
C 1000
C 5.1238
1 2 3 4 5 6
Bottom Slab Vertical wall

1) Live Load
a) Class-70R
170 170 170 170 120 120 80 1000

5.945 1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96 3.455 13.4

22.3

Longitudinal Dispersion of IRC 70 R

 2.5 500 500 0.5
1.63
1.2 1.93 2.44
0.065
0.86 0.86 0.5

bef

8.5
Transverse view of IRC 70R axle

To find effective dispersion along width/transverse direction

Refer, Annex-2, 201.2, IRC-6-2014 0.86 x 0.61
We have , beff = Kxax {(1-(a/lo)} + b1 where , I.F = 1.076
L0 = 22.3 m K= 1.5952
SL a lo B B/lo b1 K beff Total width Total lenth Remarks
No in m in m in m in m in m in transv in longit'al 0.4 1.48
v 0.448 1.5952
1 5.945 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 7.945 10.033 1.36 Per axle 0.5 1.72
2 7.315 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 8.831 10.476 1.36 Per axle
3 10.365 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 9.839 10.980 1.36 Per axle
4 11.735 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 9.859 10.989 1.36 Per axle
5 13.865 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 9.356 10.738 1.36 Per axle
6 15.385 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 8.600 10.360 1.36 Per axle
7 19.345 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.99 1.5952 5.079 8.600 1.36 Per axle
For one train / axle = Axle load x IFx2
Net width x Va
st 2
For 1 axle = 13.409 KN/m = 18.236 KN/m
For 2nd axle = 12.842 KN/m
2
= 17.465 KN/m
rd 2
For 3 axle = 12.252 KN/m = 16.663 KN/m
th 2
For 4 axle = 12.241 KN/m = 16.648 KN/m
th 2
For 5 axle = 8.843 KN/m = 12.027 KN/m
For 6th axle = 9.166 KN/m
2
= 12.465 KN/m
For 7th axle = 7.361 KN/m
2
= 10.012 KN/m
Note :-
Spacing between axle exceed dispersion in longitudinal direction. Hence, Avg. load intensity
is appplied over full span length in STAAD_Pro. = 14.788 KN/m 18.8

b) Class-A 5378.7
68 68 68 68 114 114 27 27 554
0.3 3 3 3 4.3 1.2 1.1 3.2 9.708844765
3.2

22.3

Longitudinal Dispersion of IRC-Class-A

2.5 277 277 277 277 0.5

0.4
0.15 1.8 1.2 1.8 0.8
0.065
0.5 0.5 0.5

8.5
Transverse view of IRC-Class-A

To find effective dispersion along width / transverse direction

Refer, Page no-11 , IRC-6-2014 0.5 x 0.25

We have , beff = Kxax {(1-(a/lo)} + b1 where , I.F = 1.075
 L0 = 22.3 m K= 1.5952
SL a lo B B/lo b1 K beff Total width Total lenth Remarks
No in m in m in m in m in m in transv in longit'al
v
1 0.3 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 1.102 5.902 1.38 Per axle 0 0
2 3.3 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 5.115 9.915 1.38 Per axle
3 6.3 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 7.841 11.620 1.38 Per axle
4 9.3 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 9.278 8.500 1.38 Per axle
5 13.6 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 9.094 8.500 1.38 Per axle
6 14.8 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 8.570 8.500 1.38 Per axle
7 18 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 6.167 8.500 1.38 Per axle
8 19.1 22.3 8.5 0.381 0.63 1.5952 5.002 8.500 1.38 Per axle
For one train / axle = Axle load x IFx2
Net width x Va
st 2
For 1 axle = 17.950 KN/m = 24.771 KN/m
nd 2
For 2 axle = 10.685 KN/m = 14.745 KN/m
rd 2
For 3 axle = 9.117 KN/m = 12.581 KN/m
For 4th axle = 12.464 KN/m
2
= 17.200 KN/m
For 5th axle = 20.895 KN/m
2
= 28.835 KN/m
th 2
For 6 axle = 20.895 KN/m = 28.835 KN/m
For 7th axle = 4.949 KN/m
2
= 6.829 KN/m
For 8th axle = 4.949 KN/m
2
= 6.829 KN/m
Note :-
Spacing between axle exceed dispersion in longitudinal direction. Hence, Avg. load intensity
is appplied over full span length in STAAD_Pro. = 17.578 KN/m

Braking Force Calculation: Refer clause no-211.2, IRC-6-2014

Breaking force is taken as 0.2 times 70R tracked/ wheeled + 0.05 times Class A
1) For 1L-70 RW = 34 KN
2) 2L-class A = 45.6 KN

Braking Force/ m
1) For 70 RW +2L- class A = 4.00 KN/m
2) 4L-class A = 5.364705882 KN/m

Upword & downword reactions = 5.364705882 x 1.27

at wall end 22.3
= 0.30 Kn

The effect of Breking force on Box Frame is neglegeble hence neglected.

*The supports are modelled as springs by accounting soil stiffness calculated
*using method described in Foundation Analysis and Design” by Joseph E. Bowles
*(Fs = 40 * SF * SBC)
*(Fs = 40 * 2.5 * 15 = 1500 t/m2)

Temperature Rise Forces

1 17.8 deg
0.15
10.9 deg
0.15 4 deg
2 deg
0.5
0 deg
0.05
0 deg
1.05 deg
0.15
2.1 deg

fck = M25 Mpa

Es = 28500 Mpa
Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete = 0.000012 /deg C

Area t αt Eαt Force (kN) x M (kNm)

0.15 10.9 1.3E-04 3.7E+00 559.17 0.200 111.834
0.15 2 2.E-05 6.8E-01 102.60 0.050 5.13
0.05 0 0.E+00 0.0E+00 0.00 0.075 0
0.15 1.05 1.E-05 3.6E-01 53.87 0.200 -10.773
715.64 KN 106.191 KNm
Temperature Fall Forces
1 10.6 deg
0.1 5.65 deg
0.7 deg
0.125 0.35 deg

0.5 0.05 0 deg

0 deg
0.125 0.4 deg
0.8 deg
0.1 3.7 deg
6.6 deg

Area t αt Eαt Force (kN) x M (kNm)

0.1 5.65 6.8E-05 1.9E+00 193.23 0.217 41.8665
0.125 0.35 4.E-06 1.2E-01 14.96 0.108 1.6209375
0.125 0.4 5.E-06 1.4E-01 17.10 0.108 1.8525
0.1 3.7 4.E-05 1.3E+00 126.54 0.217 -27.417
351.83 KN 17.9229375 KNm
4 Analysis Summary

Load combinations as per IRC-112-2011 :-

A) Ultimate Limit State Combination :- (ULS)

1 Basic Combination
1.1 Permanent Load 1.35 G+1.75 S + 1.5 Ep + 1.2 Surh.-LL
1.2 Live load leading-70R 1.35 G+1.75 S + 1.5 70R + 1.15FPLL + 1.0 Ep + 1.0 WP
1.3 Live load leading-Class-A 1.35 G+1.75 S + 1.5 CLA + 1.15FPLL +1.0 Ep + 1.0 WP

B) Serviciability Limit State Combination :- (SLS)

1 Rare Combination
1.1 Live load leading-70R 1 G+1 S + 1 70R + 0.75FPLL + 1 EP + 0.8 Surch.+1 Wp+0.6 TR
1.1.1 Live load leading-70R 1 G+1 S + 1 70R + 0.75FPLL +1 EP + 0.8 Surch.+1.0 WP+ 0.6 TF
1.2 Live load leading-Class-A 1 G+1 S + 1 CLA + 0.75FPLL + 1 Ep + 0.8 Surch.+1.0 WP+0.6 TR
1.2.1 Live load leading-Class-A 1 G+1 S + 1 CLA + 0.75FPLL + 1 Ep + 0.8 Surch.+1.0WP+0.6 TF

2 Frequent Combination
2.1 Live load leading-70R 1 G+1 S + 0.75 70R + 0.2FPLL + 1 EP+ 1.0 WP+ 0.5TR
2.1.1 Live load leading-70R 1 G+1 S + 0.75 70R + 0.2FPLL + 1 EP+ 1.0 WP+ 0.5TF
2.2 Live load leading-Class-A 1 G+1 S + 0.75 CLA + 0.2FPLL + 1 EP+ 1.0 WP+ 0.5TR
2.2.1 Live load leading-Class-A 1 G+1 S + 0.75 CLA + 0.2FPLL + 1 EP+ 1.0 WP+ 0.5TF

3 Quasi-permanent Combination
3.1 Permanent Load 1 G+1 S + 1 Ep+0.5 TR
3.1.1 Permanent Load 1 G+1 S + 1 Ep+0.5 TF
 Bending Moment (Kn-m)

Top Slab-BM (KN-m) Section

Sl No Load Comb 1-1' 2-2' 3-3' 4-4' 5-5' 6-6' 7-7' 8-8' 9-9'
10-10' 11-11'
1 Class-70R 21.000 24.000 40.400 15.800 34.500 17.710 34.500 15.800 40.320 24 21
2 Class-A 25.080 28.640 47.140 17.700 41.000 21.070 41.040 18.700 47.900 28.7 25
3 A,1,1 134.000 100.900 187.000 77.210 170.850 82.571 170.320 77.110 186.900 100.28 134.05
4 A,1,2 140.080 107.700 198.400 82.585 179.710 87.690 180.220 81.700 198.400 107.24 140.88
5 A,1,3 158.700 92.100 181.200 78.850 171.000 81.850 171.140 79.180 181.040 91.4 158.1
6 B,1,1 57.964 174.425 322.010 94.950 221.989 99.296 299.160 157.608 42.189 4.7
7 B,1,1,1 87.017 163.494 314.459 94.942 221.801 99.251 291.919 146.490 71.664 6.715
8 B,1,2 57.509 173.651 320.981 94.590 221.210 98.921 298.209 157.077 41.794 13.055
9 B,1,2,1 86.562 162.901 313.429 94.583 221.020 98.876 290.968 145.959 71.270 19.395
10 B,2,1 42.869 157.153 293.641 83.762 198.540 87.655 273.173 142.348 28.172 25.77
11 B,2,1,1 67.080 148.195 287.348 83.756 198.380 97.617 267.139 133.083 53.275
12 B,2,2 42.528 156.708 292.869 83.492 197.950 87.374 272.460 141.949 28.416
13 B,2,2,1 66.739 147.749 286.576 83.486 197.800 87.336 266.426 132.685 52.979
14 B,3,1 39.018 122.822 235.373 67.115 160.610 70.314 218.967 110.825 28.090
15 B,3,1,1 63.229 113.864 229.080 67.109 160.450 70.276 212.933 101.561 52.653
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Bottom Slab-BM (KN-m) Section

Sl No Load Comb 1-1' 2-2' 3-3' 4-4' 5-5' 6-6' 7-7' 8-8' 9-9'

1 Class-70R 24.142 34.949 52.340 22.196 40.630 22.149 49.690 31.839 21.201
2 Class-A 23.728 34.349 51.440 21.815 39.620 21.769 48.770 31.292 20.837
3 A,1,1 290.810 212.812 325.566 157.140 261.680 156.710 312.376 192.340 272.435
4 A,1,2 290.522 305.603 439.786 204.706 337.190 203.630 421.790 279.751 265.469
5 A,1,3 289.900 304.702 438.446 204.135 336.150 203.060 420.512 278.931 264.922
6 B,1,1 198.600 190.663 296.585 134.439 216.620 133.489 285.671 174.062 182.077
7 B,1,1,1 209.514 189.578 287.621 134.291 218.170 133.386 276.415 172.807 193.421
8 B,1,2 198.185 190.063 295.692 134.058 215.630 133.109 284.818 173.516 181.173
9 B,1,2,1 209.099 188.978 286.727 133.910 217.470 133.010 275.562 172.260 193.057
10 B,2,1 178.895 177.643 269.990 123.381 195.630 122.459 260.195 162.706 163.760
11 B,2,1,1 187.990 176.739 262.519 123.259 196.920 122.373 252.481 161.660 173.213
12 B,2,2 178.584 177.192 269.320 123.096 195.110 122.174 259.556 162.296 163.483
13 B,2,2,1 187.679 176.289 261.849 122.973 196.400 122.088 251.842 161.249 172.940
14 B,3,1 179.157 138.557 223.370 101.985 165.300 101.628 215.620 125.980 166.628
15 B,3,1,1 188.251 137.650 215.899 101.862 164.620 101.542 207.907 124.750 176.081

Outer Wall-BM (KN-m) Section Inner Wall-BM (KN-m) Section

Load Load
Sr. No :- A-A B-B C-C Sr. No :- A-A B-B C-C
Combination Combination
1 Class-70R 26.494 25.318 24.142 1 Class-70R 7.936 4.131 0.340
2 Class-A 26.039 24.883 23.728 2 Class-A 7.799 4.06 0.334
3 A,1,1 140.447 47.469 290.810 3 A,1,1 72.469 19.593 38.448
4 A,1,2 148.117 188.946 290.522 4 A,1,2 99.940 33.171 39.436
5 A,1,3 147.435 188.294 289.900 5 A,1,3 99.735 33.065 39.427
6 B,1,1 156.106 120.471 198.600 6 B,1,1 80.274 21.98 39.770
7 B,1,1,1 106.907 101.329 209.514 7 B,1,1,1 72.65 19.913 36.441
8 B,1,2 155.651 120.037 198.185 8 B,1,2 80.138 21.909 39.764
9 B,1,2,1 106.452 100.894 209.099 9 B,1,2,1 72.514 19.842 36.435
10 B,2,1 124.654 121.401 178.895 10 B,2,1 75.661 20.632 37.534
11 B,2,1,1 83.655 105.449 187.990 11 B,2,1,1 69.307 18.91 34.760
12 B,2,2 124.313 121.075 178.584 12 B,2,2 75.558 20.579 37.530
13 B,2,2,1 83.314 105.123 187.679 13 B,2,2,1 69.205 18.857 34.756
14 B,3,1 120.803 64.381 179.157 14 B,3,1 63.475 15.288 36.093
15 B,3,1,1 79.804 48.429 188.251 15 B,3,1,1 57.121 13.566 33.319
Shear Force (KN)
Load Top Slab Bottom Slab Side Wall (outer) Side Wall (Inner)
Sl No Combinat
1-1' 3-3' 5-5' 7-7' 9-9' 1-1' 3-3' 5-5' 7-7' 9-9' A-A C-C A-A C-C
ion
1 Class-70R 41.357 51.324 43.090 49.074 38.914 27.852 37.988 33.702 37.988 27.852 1.265 1.265
2 Class-A 40.646 50.442 42.350 48.231 38.246 27.543 37.566 33.327 37.566 27.543 1.251 1.251
3 A,1,1 218.815 280.888 234.376 268.574 205.229 104.249 48.191 81.198 87.523 109.646 99.367 182.051
4 A,1,2 292.157 394.200 320.014 377.963 273.642 143.768 121.358 140.189 160.689 149.164 10.534 46.334
5 A,1,3 291.092 392.878 318.904 376.699 272.639 143.303 120.725 139.627 160.056 148.700 10.525 46.343
6 B,1,1 177.644 256.288 203.777 246.290 165.672 103.745 86.163 102.214 114.537 107.743 44.551 53.607
7 B,1,1,1 183.096 250.837 203.703 240.530 171.431 107.361 84.751 102.174 113.886 111.358 36.650 61.508
8 B,1,2 176.934 255.407 203.037 245.447 165.003 103.436 85.756 101.840 114.115 107.433 44.545 53.613
9 B,1,2,1 182.385 249.956 202.963 239.688 170.763 107.051 84.329 101.799 113.463 111.049 36.644 61.514
10 B,2,1 156.495 231.185 181.789 222.372 145.678 95.187 77.166 93.480 106.301 99.185 21.342 33.616
11 B,2,1,1 161.037 226.642 181.728 217.572 150.478 98.200 76.623 93.447 105.758 102.198 14.758 40.200
12 B,2,2 155.962 230.524 181.234 221.740 145.177 94.955 76.850 93.200 105.984 98.953 21.338 33.620
13 B,2,2,1 160.505 225.981 181.173 216.940 149.977 97.968 76.307 93.166 105.441 101.966 14.754 40.204
14 B,3,1 125.647 184.129 145.965 176.987 117.104 69.290 38.161 58.961 65.991 73.288 50.362 94.596
15 B,3,1,1 130.189 148.535 145.903 172.187 121.903 72.303 35.648 58.927 65.015 76.301 43.778 101.180

The Summary of Bending Moment & Shear force of RCC Box is Highlighted in the following tables :-
A) Summary of Bending Moment :-
Bending Moment (KN-m)
Sr. No. Description Section
Ultimate Service
1-1' 158.700 87.017
2-2' 107.700 174.425
3-3' 198.400 322.010
4-4' 82.585 94.950 194.4
a) Top Slab 5-5' 179.710 221.989 58378.4
6-6' 87.690 99.296
7-7' 180.220 299.160
8-8' 81.700 157.608
9-9' 198.400 71.664
A-A 148.117 156.106
b) Side wall (outer) B-B 188.946 121.401
C-C 290.810 209.514
1-1' 290.810 209.514
2-2' 305.603 190.663
3-3' 439.786 296.585
4-4' 204.706 134.439
C) Bottom Slab 5-5' 337.190 218.170
6-6' 203.630 133.489
7-7' 421.790 285.671
8-8' 279.751 174.062
9-9' 272.435 193.421

B) Summary of Shear Force :-

Shear Force (KN)
Sr. No. Description Section
Ultimate Service
1-1' 292.157 183.096
2-2' 0.000 0.000
3-3' 394.200 256.288
4-4' 0.000 0.000
a) Top Slab 5-5' 320.014 203.777
6-6' 0.000 0.000
7-7' 377.963 246.290
8-8' 0.000 0.000
9-9' 273.642 171.431
A-A 99.367 50.362
b) Side wall (Outer) B-B 0.000 0.000
C-C 182.051 101.180
1-1' 143.768 107.361
2-2' 0.000 0.000
3-3' 121.358 86.163
4-4' 0.000 0.000
C) Bottom Slab 5-5' 140.189 102.214
6-6' 0.000 0.000
7-7' 160.689 114.537
8-8' 0.000 0.000
9-9' 149.164 111.358
Design of deck slab for ultimate limit state :-

Design Data:

1 Width of section b = 1000 mm

2 Details of Box-Secton Effective depth :-

a. Top slab d1 = 500 mm deff-1 = 454 mm
b. Side wall (outer face) d2 = 500 mm deff-2 = 419 mm
c. Bottom slab d3 = 600 mm deff-3 = 519 mm
d. Side wall (inner face) d4 = 450 mm deff-4 = 404 mm

3 Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa

4 Grade of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa

5 Mean value of axial tensile f-ctm = 2.2 Mpa

strength of concrete

6 Modulus of Elasticity for concrete Ec = 30000 Mpa

7 Modulus of Elasticity for Reinf. Es = 200000 Mpa

8 Material factor for concrete γm = 1.5

9 Material factor for Reinforcement γm = 1.15

10 Permissible stresses in concrete = 11.17 Mpa

f cd = (0.67*fck)
γm
11 Permissible stresses in reinforcement = 434.78 Mpa
f sd = ( f y)
γm
12 Permissible strain in concrete εcu = 0.0035
Q = 3.325
13 Permissible strain in reinforcement b1 = 0.80952
εs= fy b2 = 0.41597
1.15Es
14 Dia of Reinforcement Bottom / Sagging Top / Hogging
a. Top slab 12 +12 / 12 +12
Outer Inner
b. Side wall 12 +12 / 12
Top / Hogging Bottom / Sagging
c. Bottom slab 12 +12 / 12 +12

15 Clear cover to Reinforcement

a. Top slab d'-1 = 40 mm
b. Side wall( outerface) d'-2 = 75 mm
c. Bottom slab d'-3 = 75 mm
d. Side wall( innerface) d'-4 = 40 mm
6 For Limit State of Flexure :- Top Slab
a) Factored Moment : 198.400 kNm.

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 280.05

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 711.1002 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

Let the Depth of Neutral axis be 'xu'

Now, Equating external moment to internal moment due to compressive force

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 50.70 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 244.273 mm SAFE

Q * 1000

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 432.911 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 198400000
188316.3309
= 1053.55 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 590.2 mm
fy
2.
= 519.376 mm

Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 1053.55 mm2.

No of 12 + 12 mm dia bars required = 4.658 Nos per mt

= 5.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 200.00 mm
Say = 200.00 mm

Ast provided = 1130.83 mm2.

0.25 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 855.57 kNm 2501.81

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

 Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel
= 0.2 x 1130.83
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 226.1664 mm2.

Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 210.71 mm2.

in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 2.88 Nos per mt

= 3.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 333.33 mm
Say = 300 mm

Provide, 10 mm @ 150mmc/c Hence OK

Ast2 = 523.53 mm2.

b) Factored Moment : 107.700 kNm.

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 280.05 mm

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 711.1002 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 26.91 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 179.975 mm SAFE

Q * 1000

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 442.808 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 107700000
192621.4407
= 559.13 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 590.2 mm
fy
= 519.376 mm2.

2.
Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 590.20 mm

No of 12 + 12 mm dia bars required = 2.610 Nos per mt

= 3.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 333 mm
Say = 250.00 mm
 Ast provided = 904.6656 mm2.
0.20 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 855.57 kNm 2501.81

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel

= 0.2 x 904.6656
2.
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 180.93312 mm

2.
Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 118.04 mm
in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 2.30 Nos per mt

= 3.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 333.3333333 mm
Say = 150 mm
Provide, 10 mm @ 150mmc/c
2.
Ast2 = 523.53 mm Hence OK

Ultimate State for Shear :- Top Slab

Factored Load = 394.200 KN --Clause-10.3.2, IRC-112-2011

Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

Vrdc = (0.12 k (80 ρ fck)^0.33+ 0.15 σcp)*bwxdeff = 333.89 kN

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )*bwxdeff = 329.15 kN

Now,
ρ1 = Ast 1 = 1130.832 = 0.0025 ≤ 0.02
bw x deff 500000

ρ2 = Ast 2 = 523.53 = 0.0012 ≤ 0.02

bw x deff 500000

ρ = sqrt (ρ1 + ρ2 ) = = 0.0025

Asl = Tensile reinforcement that extents by length greater than

= Lbd+b' beyond section considered'

σcp = Ned < 0.2 x fcd = 0< 2.23 Mpa

Ac
Ned = Applied Longitudinal force in section due to loading= 0 KN

2.
Ac = Cross sectional area of concrete = 5.00E+05 mm

fcd = Design value of concrete compressive strength = 11.17 Mpa

= (αcc fck / γm)

αcc = 0.67

k = 1+ sqrt (200 / d ) ≤ 2.0 = 1.632

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )

vmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

2.
= 0.323 N/mm

v = 0.6 x (1 -fck / 310)

= 0.552
 Allowable Shear Force without Reduction factor
The Shear force, Ved < 0.5* bw * d * v * fcd Section is Safe

394.2 < 1539.92 KN (--Clause-10.3.3.5, IRC-112-2011, Eq 10.5)

Shear Reinforcement is required

Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 0 )

NOTE :- Maximum Shear force is checked at d from face of support

VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)

where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.9d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.55 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 ) ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
Ɵ= 45 (CotƟ = 1)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =α cc x fck /ɣm
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 11.2 N/mm2
VRd.max = 1258 kN Section is Safe

Dia of shear reinf = 10 mm

No of legs per section = 4 nos

2.
Asw = 314.12 mm

Z = 0.9 x d
= 408.6 mm
Spacing of shear reinf = Asw Z cot θ fywd
vu
= 55832002.9
394.2
= 141.63 mm

Min Shear Reinforcement ratio :-

ρw-min = 0.072 sqrt(fck) = 0.001 mm

fy

Min spacing = Asw = 436.28 mm

Provide, ρw-min * bw

10 mm 4 legged stirrups @ 100 mm

VRds = Asw Z cot θ fywd = 558

s
VRd = Min of VRd max & VRds = 558 > 394.200 KN
Section is Safe
For Limit State of Flexure :- Bottom Slab
a) Factored Moment : 439.786 kNm.

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 320.15

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 929.30 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

Let the Depth of Neutral axis be 'xu'

Now, Equating external moment to internal moment due to compressive force

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 102.09 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 363.685 mm SAFE

Q * 1000

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 476.532 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 439786000
207291.4949
= 2121.58 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 674.7 mm
fy
2.
= 593.736 mm

2.
Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 2121.58 mm

No of 12 mm + 12 mm dia bars required = 9.381 Nos per mt

= 10.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 100 mm
Say = 90 mm

Ast provided = 2512.96 mm2.

0.48 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 1118.09 kNm 2860.00

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

 Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel
= 0.2 x 2512.96
2.
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 502.59 mm

Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 424.32 mm2.

in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 6.40 Nos per mt

= 7.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 142.86 mm
Say = 130.00 mm

Provide, 10 mm @ 150mmc/c Hence OK

2.
Ast2 = 523.53 mm

b) Factored Moment : 305.603 kNm.

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 320.15

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 929.29545 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

Let the Depth of Neutral axis be 'xu'

Now, Equating external moment to internal moment due to compressive force

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 68.95 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 303.168 mm SAFE

Q * 1000
Now, 0.36 * fck * b *xu = 0.87 * fy * Ast

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 490.319 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 305603000
213288.903
= 1432.81 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 674.7 mm
fy
= 593.736 mm2.

Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 1432.81 mm2.

No of 12 + 12 mm dia bars required = 6.335 Nos per mt

= 7.0 Nos per mt
 Spacing of reinforcement required = 143 mm
Say = 100 mm

Ast provided = 2261.664 mm2.

0.44 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 1118.09 kNm 2860.00

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel

= 0.2 x 2261.664
2.
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 452.3328 mm

Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 286.56 mm2.

in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 3.65 Nos per mt

= 4.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 250 mm
Say = 50 mm
Provide, 10 mm @ 150mmc/c
Ast2 = 523.53 mm2. Hence OK

Ultimate State for Shear :- Bottom Slab

Factored Load = 160.689 KN --Clause-10.3.2, IRC-112-2011

Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

Vrdc = (0.12 k (80 ρ fck)^0.33+ 0.15 σcp)*bwxdeff = 213.5335562 kN

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )*bwxdeff = 167.7880767 kN

Now,
ρ1 = Ast 1 = 2512.96 = 0.005 ≤ 0.02
bw x deff 519000

ρ2 = Ast 2 = 523.53 = 0.001 ≤ 0.02

bw x deff 519000

ρ = sqrt (ρ1 + ρ2 ) = = 0.005

Asl = Tensile reinforcement that extents by length greater than

= Lbd+b' beyond section considered'

σcp = Ned < 0.2 x fcd = 0< 2.23 Mpa

Ac
Ned = Applied Longitudinal force in section due to loading= 0 KN

2.
Ac = Cross sectional area of concrete = 6.00E+05 mm

fcd = Design value of concrete compressive strength = 11.17 Mpa

= (αcc fck / γm)

αcc = 0.67

k = 1+ sqrt (200 / d ) ≤ 2.0 = 1.621

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )

vmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

2.
= 0.3198 N/mm

v = 0.6 x (1 -fck / 310)

 = 0.552

Allowable Shear Force without Reduction factor

The Shear force, Ved < 0.5* bw * d * v * fcd Section is Safe

160.689 < 1598.44 KN (--Clause-10.3.3.5, IRC-112-2011, Eq 10.5)

Provide Minimum Shear Reinforcement

Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 0 )

NOTE :- Maximum Shear force is checked at d from face of support

VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)

where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.9d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.55 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 ) ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
Ɵ= 45 (CotƟ = 1)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =α cc x fck /ɣm
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 11.2 N/mm2
VRd.max = 1439 kN Section is Safe

Dia of shear reinf = 10 mm

No of legs per section = 4 nos

2.
Asw = 314.12 mm

Z = 0.9 x d
= 467.1 mm
Spacing of shear reinf = Asw Z cot θ fywd
vu
= 63825571.62
160.689
= 397.20 mm

Min Shear Reinforcement ratio :-

ρw-min = 0.072 sqrt(fck) = 0.001 mm

fy

Min spacing = Asw = 436.2777778 mm

Provide, ρw-min * bw

10 mm 4 legged stirrups @ 50.00 mm

VRds = Asw Z cot θ fywd = 1277

s
VRd = Min of VRd max & VRds = 1277 > 160.689 KN
Section is Safe
For Limit State of Flexure :- Side Wall (Outer)
a) Factored Moment : 188.946 kNm. Top Side Refer table summary :-

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 258.46

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 605.69 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

Let the Depth of Neutral axis be 'xu'

Now, Equating external moment to internal moment due to compressive force

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 52.64 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 238.382 mm SAFE

Q * 1000

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 397.105 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 188946000
172740.72
= 1093.81 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 544.7 mm
fy
2.
= 479.336 mm

2.
Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 1093.81 mm

No of 12 + 12 mm dia bars required = 4.836 Nos per mt

= 5.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 200 mm
Say = 100 mm

Ast provided = 2261.664 mm2.

0.54 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 728.74 kNm 2308.94

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

 Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel
= 0.2 x 2261.66
2.
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 452.3328 mm

Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 218.76 mm2.

in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 5.76 Nos per mt

= 6.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 166.67 mm
Say = 50.00 mm

Provide, 10 mm @ 50mmc/c Hence OK

Ast2 = 1570.60 mm2.

b) Factored Moment : 290.810 kNm. Bottom side Refer table summary :-

Maximum Depth of the Neutral Axis

xumax = 0.0035
d ((fy /1.15 Es) + 0.0035)

xumax = 258.46

Limiting Moment of Resistance of the section

Mu-lim = 0.138 x fck x b x deff2

= 605.69 KN-m

The Actual factored moment < Limiting moment of resistance Hence OK

The section must be designed as under reinforced section

Let the Depth of Neutral axis be 'xu'

Now, Equating external moment to internal moment due to compressive force

2
Xu = deff - deff - Mu
2 *b2 2 *b2 b1 * b2 * 1000 *fcd

Solving we get xu = 83.74 mm

' xu ' is less than 'xumax' Hence ok

Depth Check ; dreq = Mu = 295.739 mm SAFE

Q * 1000

Ast = Mu Lever arm= 384.166 mm

0.87 * fy * Lever arm

= 290810000
167112.29
= 1740.21 mm2.

Min Tension Reinforcement :

2.
Ast-min = 0.26 fctm b deff or 544.7 mm
fy
= 479.336 mm2.

Provide, Area of Reinforcement as = 1740.21 mm2.

No of 12 + 12 mm dia bars required = 7.694 Nos per mt

= 8.0 Nos per mt
 Spacing of reinforcement required = 125 mm
Say = 70 mm

Ast provided = 3230.948571 mm2.

0.77 %
Moment of resistance for section with

M-RD = Fc * 1000 * (d - (0.8/2)* Xlim) Where, Fc = η*fcd *λ*Xlim

= 728.74 kNm 2308.94

Moment of Resistant > Design Moment, Hence OK

Distrubution Steel = 0.2 % x Main Steel

= 0.2 x 3230.94857
2.
Distrubution Steel, Ast-dist = 646.1897143 mm

Reinforcement to be provided Ast2 = 348.04 mm2.

in other direction

No of 10 mm dia bars required = 8.23 Nos per mt

= 9.0 Nos per mt
Spacing of reinforcement required = 111.1111111 mm
Say = 50 mm
Provide, 10 mm @ 150mmc/c
Ast2 = 523.53 mm2. Not OK

Ultimate State for Shear :- Side Wall

Factored Load = 182.051 KN --Clause-10.3.2, IRC-112-2011

Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

Vrdc = (0.12 k (80 ρ fck)^0.33+ 0.15 σcp)*bwxdeff = 209.700002 kN

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )*bwxdeff = 135.4589675 kN

Now,
ρ1 = Ast 1 = 3230.948571 = 0.0077 ≤ 0.02
bw x deff 419000

ρ2 = Ast 2 = 523.53 = 0.0012 ≤ 0.02

bw x deff 419000

ρ = sqrt (ρ1 + ρ2 ) = = 0.0077

Asl = Tensile reinforcement that extents by length greater than

= Lbd+b' beyond section considered'

σcp = Ned < 0.2 x fcd = 0< 2.233 Mpa

Ac
Ned = Applied Longitudinal force in section due to loading= 0 KN

2.
Ac = Cross sectional area of concrete = 5.00E+05 mm

fcd = Design value of concrete compressive strength = 11.17 Mpa

= (αcc fck / γm)

αcc = 0.67

k = 1+ sqrt (200 / d ) ≤ 2.0 = 1.6909

Vrdc min = (vmin + 0.15 σcp )

vmin = 0.031 k3/2 fck1/2

2.
= 0.3408 N/mm

v = 0.6 x (1 -fck / 310)

 = 0.552

Allowable Shear Force without Reduction factor

The Shear force, Ved < 0.5* bw * d * v * fcd Section is Safe

182.051 < 1290.45 KN (--Clause-10.3.3.5, IRC-112-2011, Eq 10.5)

Provide Minimum Shear Reinforcement

Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 0 )

NOTE :- Maximum Shear force is checked at d from face of support

VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)

where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.9d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.55 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 ) ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
Ɵ= 45 (CotƟ = 1)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =α cc x fck /ɣm
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 11.2 N/mm2
VRd.max = 1161 kN Section is Safe

Dia of shear reinf = 10 mm

No of legs per section = 4 nos

2.
Asw = 314.12 mm

Z = 0.9 x d
= 377.1 mm
Spacing of shear reinf = Asw Z cot θ fywd
vu
= 51527773.62
182.051
= 283.0403218 mm

Min Shear Reinforcement ratio :-

ρw-min = 0.072 sqrt(fck) = 0.001 mm

fy

Min spacing = Asw = 436.28 mm

Provide, ρw-min * bw

10 mm 4 legged stirrups @ 30 mm

VRds = Asw Z cot θ fywd = 1718

s
VRd = Min of VRd max & VRds = 1161 > 182.051 KN
Section is Safe
 7 Serviceability Limit state checks :- ( For Top Slab )

Design Data :-

Width of section b = 1000 mm.

Depth of section D = 500 mm deff = 454 mm
Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa
Grade of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa
2
Modulus of Elasticity for concrete Ec = 30000 N/mm .
Modulus of Elasticity for Reinf. Es = 200000 N/mm2.
Dia of Reinforcement Ø = 12 mm +12mm
Clear cover to Reinforcement d' = 40 mm.
Clear cover to reinforcement on compression face d'' = 40 mm.

Maximum Moment = 322.010 KNm

2
Area of Tension Reinforcement = 1130.83 mm

A Limit state for Stress limitations :-

Assuming, Uncracked section

Moment of Inertia for section bd3/12 = 0.008 m4

Depth of edge fibre = 0.227 m
Stresses in extreme fibres for section =

2.
σtop= σbottom = 322.01x 0.227 = 9373.65 kN/m
0.008
2
= 9.374 N/mm .

2
However permissible tensile stresses in section = 2.2 N/mm . Table 6.5
As per IRC 112-2011

Hence the stresses to be calculated ignoring concrete in tension for cracked section

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for :-

Rare combinations 0.48fck = 12 N/mm2.

Quasi permanent load case 0.36fck = 9 N/mm2.

Alowable stress in reinforcement 0.8 fy = 400 N/mm2.

B Limit state Check for maximum stresses assuming short term creep & elastic modulus :-

Es = 200000 N/mm2. Ecm = 30000 N/mm2

Thus, Eceff = 30000 N/mm2. As prov (Tensile) = 1130.8 mm

2

αe = Es/Ecm = 6.67
2
Ac = Area of Compression Reinforcement 0 mm

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)

500 X^2 + 9.0 x 1131 X - 58803 = 3422652 - 7539 X
500 X^2 + 10177 X - 5.3E+05 = 3422652 - 7539 X
500 X^2 + 17716 X - 4.0E+06 = 0
X = 72.93

2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

Icr = bx3 + + Es As (d- x)2.
3 Eceff

= 129325111.4 + 1094726029
= 1224051141 mm4.
Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 72.93 mm
at a distance

Max Stress = 3.22E+08 X 72.93

1.22E+09

2. 2.
= 19.19 N/mm < 12 N/mm
Not OK

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 454 - 72.9347847

= 381 mm

Max Stress = 3.22E+08 X 381 x 200000

1.22E+09 30000

= 668.31 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.

Not OK

X= Depth of N.A. 72.9 mm

hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 100.00 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 100000 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 9.7E+10 mm4
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.24
= 0.24 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 8.44 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0113

Sr.max = 316

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00048

0.6xσsc/Es = 0.00003

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00003

Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.008 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1
C Limit state Check for Maximum stresses assuming long term creep & elastic modulus

Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep :-

Eceff = (Mqp+Mst) x Ecm

Mst+( 1 + Φ )*Mqp
Eceff = Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep

Mqp = 235.373 kN.m Moment due to quasi permanent actions.

Mst = 47.900 kN.m Moment due to short term actions(Live load)

Φ = 1.62 Final creep coefficient

to = 28 days Age of loading

RH = 80 % Relative humidity

2Ac/u Φ
150 1.7 1.62 From table 6.9 IRC 112 2010
600 1.5

Ac = 500000 mm2. Cross sectional area (bXD)

u = 3000 mm. Perimeter in contact with atmosphere

(2b+2D)
2Ac/u = 333.33 mm

Eceff = 12794.07499

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

OR
(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)
500 X^2 + 22.4 x 1131 X - 58803 = 8025554 - 17677
500 X^2 + 25385 X - 1.3E+06 = 8025554 - 17677
500 X^2 + 43063 X - 9.3E+06 = 0
X = 100.27

2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

Icr = bx3 + + Es As (d- x)2.

3 Eceff

= 0 + 2211830293
= 2211830293 mm2.

Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 100.27 mm

at a distance

Max Stress = 3.22E+08 X 100.274553

2.21E+09

= 14.60 N/mm2. < 9 N/mm

2.

Not OK

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 454 - 100.27

= 354 mm

Max Stress = 3.22E+08 X 354 x 200000

2.21E+09 15000

= 686.63 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.

Not OK
X= Depth of N.A. 100.3 mm
hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 100.00 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 100000 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 8.4E+10 mm4 2211830293
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.39
= 0.39 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 9.07 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0113

Sr.max = 316

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00048

= 0.00003
0.6xσsc/Es

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00003

Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.009 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1
 Serviceability Limit state checks :- ( For Bottom Slab )

Design Data :-

Width of section b = 1000 mm.

Depth of section D = 600 mm deff = 519 mm
Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa
Grade of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity for concrete Ec = 30000 N/mm2.
Modulus of Elasticity for Reinf. Es = 200000 N/mm2.
Dia of Reinforcement Ø = 12 mm +12mm
Clear cover to Reinforcement d' = 75 mm.
Clear cover to reinforcement on compression face d'' = 75 mm.

Maximum Moment = 296.585 KNm

2
Area of Tension Reinforcement = 2512.96 mm

A Limit state for Stress limitations :-

Assuming, Uncracked section

Moment of Inertia for section bd3/12 = 0.012 m4

Depth of edge fibre = 0.2595 m
Stresses in extreme fibres for section =

σtop= σbottom = 296.585x 0.2595 = 6606.41 kN/m2.

0.012
2
= 6.60641296 N/mm .

2
However permissible tensile stresses in section = 2.2 N/mm . Table 6.5
As per IRC 112-2011

Hence the stresses to be calculated ignoring concrete in tension for cracked section

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for :-

Rare combinations 0.48fck = 12 N/mm2.

Quasi permanent load case 0.36fck = 9 N/mm2.

Alowable stress in reinforcement 0.8 fy = 400 N/mm2.

B Limit state Check for maximum stresses assuming short term creep & elastic modulus :-

Es = 200000 N/mm2. Ecm = 30000 N/mm2

2 2
Thus, Eceff = 30000 N/mm . As prov (Tensile) = 2512.96 mm
αe = Es/Ecm = 6.67
2
Ac = Area of Compression Reinforcement 0 mm

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)
500 X^2 + 9.0 x 2513 X - 218628 = 8694842 - 16753 X
500 X^2 + 22617 X - 2.0E+06 = 8694842 - 16753 X
500 X^2 + 39370 X - 1.1E+07 = 0
X = 111.87
2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

Icr = bx3 + + Es As (d- x)2.

3 Eceff

= 466742713.1 + 2776834029
= 3243576742 mm2.
Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 111.87 mm
at a distance

Max Stress = 2.97E+08 X 111.87

3.24E+09

= 10.23 N/mm2. < 12 N/mm

2.

Hence Ok

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 519 - 111.87497

= 407 mm

Max Stress = 2.97E+08 X 407 x 200000

3.24E+09 30000

= 248.18 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.

Hence Ok

X= Depth of N.A. 111.9 mm

hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 187.50 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 187500 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 2.1E+11 mm4
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.16
= 0.16 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 3.88 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0134

Sr.max = 407

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00043

= 0.00001
0.6xσsc/Es

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00001

Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.005 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1
C Limit state Check for Maximum stresses assuming long term creep & elastic modulus

Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep :-

Eceff = (Mqp+Mst) x Ecm

Mst+( 1 + Φ )*Mqp
Eceff = Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep

Mqp = 223.370 kN.m Moment due to quasi permanent actions.

Mst = 52.340 kN.m Moment due to short term actions(Live load)

Φ = 1.60 Final creep coefficient

to = 28 days Age of loading

RH = 80 % Relative humidity

2Ac/u Φ
150 1.7 1.60 From table 6.9 IRC 112 2010
600 1.5

Ac = 600000 mm2. Cross sectional area (bXD)

u = 3200 mm. Perimeter in contact with atmosphere

(2b+2D)
2Ac/u = 375.00 mm

Eceff = 13064.71943

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)

500 X^2 + 22.0 x 2513 X - 218628 = 19965622 - 38469
500 X^2 + 55191 X - 4.8E+06 = 19965622 - 38469
500 X^2 + 93661 X - 2.5E+07 = 0
X = 147.81

2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

Icr = bx3 + + Es As (d- x)2.

3 Eceff

= 1076385459 + 5300464850
= 6376850309 mm2.

Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 147.81 mm

at a distance

Max Stress = 2.97E+08 X 147.807462

6.38E+09

= 6.87 N/mm2. < 9 N/mm

2.

Hence Ok

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 519 - 147.807462

= 371 mm

Max Stress = 2.97E+08 X 371 x 200000

6.38E+09 15000

= 230.19 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.

Hence Ok
X= Depth of N.A. 147.8 mm
hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 187.50 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 187500 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 1.7E+11 mm4 6376850309
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.25
= 0.25 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 4.23 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0134

Sr.max = 407

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00043

= 0.00001
0.6xσsc/Es

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00001

Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.005 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1
 Serviceability Limit state checks :- ( For Side Wall -Outer )

Design Data :-

Width of section b = 1000 mm.

Depth of section D = 500 mm deff = 419 mm
Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa
Grade of Reinforcement fy = 500 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity for concrete Ec = 30000 N/mm2.
Modulus of Elasticity for Reinf. Es = 200000 N/mm2.
Dia of Reinforcement Ø = 12 mm +12mm
Clear cover to Reinforcement d' = 75 mm.
Clear cover to reinforcement on compression face d'' = 75 mm.

Maximum Moment = 209.514 KNm

2
Area of Tension Reinforcement = 3230.95 mm

A Limit state for Stress limitations :-

Assuming, Uncracked section

Moment of Inertia for section bd3/12 = 0.006 m4

Depth of edge fibre = 0.2095 m
Stresses in extreme fibres for section =

σtop= σbottom = 209.514x 0.2095 = 7160.38 kN/m2.

0.006
2
= 7.160383 N/mm .

2
However permissible tensile stresses in section = 2.2 N/mm . Table 6.5
As per IRC 112-2011

Hence the stresses to be calculated ignoring concrete in tension for cracked section

Allowable compressive stress in concrete for :-

Rare combinations 0.48fck = 12 N/mm2.

Quasi permanent load case 0.36fck = 9 N/mm2.

Alowable stress in reinforcement 0.8 fy = 400 N/mm2.

B Limit state Check for maximum stresses assuming short term creep & elastic modulus :-

2 2
Es = 200000 N/mm . Ecm = 30000 N/mm

2 2
Thus, Eceff = 30000 N/mm . As prov (Tensile) = 3230.95 mm
αe = Es/Ecm = 6.67
Ac = Area of Compression Reinforcement 0 mm2

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)

500 X^2 + 9.0 x 3231 X - 281093 = 11179082 - 21540
500 X^2 + 29079 X - 2.5E+06 = 11179082 - 21540
500 X^2 + 50618 X - 1.4E+07 = 0
X = 122.53
2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

Icr = bx3 + + Es As (d- x)2.

3 Eceff
= 613193973.1 + 1893226363
2
= 2506420337 mm .
Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 122.53 mm
at a distance

Max Stress = 2.10E+08 X 122.53

2.51E+09

= 10.24 N/mm2. < 12 N/mm

2.

Hence Ok

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 419 - 122.529232

= 296 mm

Max Stress = 2.10E+08 X 296 x 200000

2.51E+09 30000

= 165.22 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.

Hence Ok

X= Depth of N.A. 122.5 mm

hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 187.50 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 187500 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 1.1E+11 mm4
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.23
= 0.23 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 3.75 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0172

Sr.max = 373

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00034

= 0.00001
0.6xσsc/Es

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00001
Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.004 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1

C Limit state Check for Maximum stresses assuming long term creep & elastic modulus

Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep :-

Eceff = (Mqp+Mst) x Ecm

Mst+( 1 + Φ )*Mqp
Eceff = Modified mudulus of elasticity for Long term creep

Mqp = 188.251 kN.m Moment due to quasi permanent actions.

Mst = 26.494 kN.m Moment due to short term actions(Live load)

Φ = 1.62 Final creep coefficient

to = 28 days Age of loading

RH = 80 % Relative humidity

2Ac/u Φ
150 1.7 1.62 From table 6.9 IRC 112 2011
600 1.5

Ac = 500000 mm2. Cross sectional area (bXD)

u = 3000 mm. Perimeter in contact with atmosphere

(2b+2D)
2Ac/u = 333.33 mm

Eceff = 12402.66474

1 Calculate the neutral axis for cracked section

Taking Moments about the neutral axis

(b X^2)/2 + (1.5α-1)Asc(x-c) = αAs (d-x)

500 X^2 + 23.2 x 3231 X - 281093 = 27040355 - 52101
500 X^2 + 74920 X - 6.5E+06 = 27040355 - 52101
500 X^2 + 127021 X - 3.4E+07 = 0
X = 161.51

2 Calculate the second moment of area of cracked section

3 + 2.
Icr = bx + Es As (d- x)
3 Eceff

= 1404399237 + 3454300289
= 4858699526 mm2.

Now stress in concrete extreme fibre = 161.51 mm

at a distance
Max Stress = 2.10E+08 X 161.511684
4.86E+09

= 6.96 N/mm2. < 9 N/mm

2.

Hence Ok

Now stress in reinforcement at a distance = 419 - 161.511684

= 257 mm

Max Stress = 2.10E+08 X 257 x 200000

4.86E+09 15000
 = 148.04 N/mm2. < 400 N/mm2.
Hence Ok

X= Depth of N.A. 161.5 mm

hc,eff = Depth of concrete in tension 187.50 mm
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension 187500 mm2
K1 = Coefficient for bond properties 0.8
K2 = Coefficient for distribution of strain 0.5
Icr = Moment of inertia of cracked section 8.4E+10 mm4 4858699526
((b X^3)/3) + (α As (d1 - X)^2)
Fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of concrete 2.2 N/mm2 As per table 6.5; IRC 112-2011
effective at the time when cracks may be first
expected to occur
Stress @ compression Face assuming cracked section = Mser x X
(σcc) Icr

= 0.40
= 0.40 N/mm2

Stress in tension reinforcement = α x σcc x (d1-X)

assuming cracked section (σsc) X

= 4.27 N/mm2

Sr.max = 3.4 x c +0.425 x k1 x k2 x φ

P p.eff

Where ,
Sr.max = maximum final crack spacing
P p.eff = As / Ac,eff
= 0.0172

Sr.max = 373

esm - ecm = σsc - kt x (fct,eff/Pp,eff) x (1 + αePp,eff) Kt= Factor dependant on duration of load= 0.5
Es
= -0.00033

= 0.00001
0.6xσsc/Es

esm - ecm < 0.6 x σsc / Es

esm - ecm = 0.00001

Crack width (Wk) = Sr.max x (esm - ecm )

= 0.005 mm < 0.3 SAFE

As per IRC 112-2011 ; table 12.1
8 Deflection Check

Width of section b = 1000 mm.

Depth of section D = 500 mm
Grade of Concrete fck = 25 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity for concrete Ec = 30000 N/mm2.

Ec,eff = Ecm
(1+ Ø (α, t0))

Age of loading = 7 days

Atomerspheric Condition = Dry 50 %

2
Ac = 500000 mm
u = 3000 mm2
Notional Size h = 333.33 mm

Design service life of bridge = 100 Yrs = 36500 days

Ø (t, to) = Øo*ß c (t, to)

Øo = Ø RH X ß (fcm). ß (to)

Ø RH = 1 + 1-RH/100 for fcm ≤ 45 mpa

3
0.1 ho
Ø RH = 1.72

ß (fcm) = 18.78
fcm

ß (fcm) = 2.80

ß (to) = 1/(0.1+to^(0.2)
ß (to) = 0.63
0.3
ß c (t, to) = (t- t0)
ß H + (t-t0)

ßH 1.5*(1+(0.012RH)^(18))*ho+250≤1500
= for fcm ≤ 45 mpa

= 750.05

ß c (t, to) = 0.339266434

Øo = 3.057792354

Ø (t, to) = 1.037406308

2
Ec,eff = 14724.60347 N/mm .

Maximum Deflection = 5ML2

48 EI

MLL = 47.900 KN-m

L = 22.3 m
4
I = 10416666667 mm

Maximum Deflection = 0.73 mm

Limiting Deflection = Span = 22300 = 27.875 mm

800 800
0.73 < 27.875 mm Hence Safe
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 05-Apr-18
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0 3.3 0; 3 2.3 0 0; 4 2.3 3.3 0; 5 4.6 0 0; 6 4.6 3.3 0; 7 0.46 0 0;
8 0.92 0 0; 9 1.38 0 0; 10 1.84 0 0; 11 2.76 0 0; 12 3.22 0 0; 13 3.68 0 0;
14 4.14 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 3 4; 3 5 6; 4 2 4; 5 4 6; 6 1 7; 7 3 11; 8 7 8; 9 8 9; 10 9 10;
11 10 3; 12 11 12; 13 12 13; 14 13 14; 15 14 5;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
G 9.28139e+006
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 15 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 1
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
3 7 TO 14 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ KFY 15000
1 5 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ KFY 7500
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE SW
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL-WC
MEMBER LOAD
4 5 UNI GY -1.8
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE EP
MEMBER LOAD
1 LIN Y -36 -12
3 LIN Y 36 12
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE SURCHARGE LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GX 12 12
3 TRAP GX -12 -12
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE WP
MEMBER LOAD
6 TO 15 UNI GY -6.67
1 TO 3 TRAP GX 30 0 0 3.3
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE 70R W
MEMBER LOAD
4 5 UNI GY -27.46
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE CLASS A
MEMBER LOAD
4 5 UNI GY -33.84
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE TEMP RISE
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 445.61 MZ -39.68
6 FX -445.61 MZ 39.68
LOAD 9 LOADTYPE None TITLE TEMP FALL
JOINT LOAD
2 FX 219 MZ -6.7
6 FX -219 MZ 6.7
LOAD COMB 10 1.35 G+1.75 S +1.5 EP +1.2 SUH.LL
1 1.35 2 1.75 3 1.5 4 1.2
LOAD COMB 11 1.35 G+1.75 S+1.5 Q(70 R)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP
1 1.35 2 1.75 6 1.5 3 1.0 5 1.0
LOAD COMB 12 1.35 G+1.75 S+1.5 Q(CL-A)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP
1 1.35 2 1.75 7 1.5 3 1.0 5 1.0
LOAD COMB 13 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 Q(70 R)+1.0 EP+0.8 SURCH.+1.0 WP+0.6 TR
1 1.35 2 1.0 6 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 8 0.6
LOAD COMB 14 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 Q(70 R)+1.0 EP+0.8 SURCH.+1.0 WP+0.6 TF
1 1.0 2 1.0 6 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 9 0.6
LOAD COMB 15 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 Q(CL- A)+1.0 EP+0.8 SURCH.+1.0 WP+0.6 TR
1 1.0 2 1.0 7 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 8 1.0
LOAD COMB 16 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 Q(CL-A)+1.0 EP+0.8 SURCH.+1.0 WP+0.6 TF
1 1.0 2 1.0 7 1.0 3 1.0 4 0.8 5 1.0 9 0.6
LOAD COMB 17 1.0 G+1.0 S+0.75 Q(70 R)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP+0.5 TR
1 1.0 2 1.0 6 0.75 3 1.0 5 1.0 8 0.5
LOAD COMB 18 1.0 G+1.0 S+0.75 Q(70 R)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP+0.5 TF
1 1.0 2 1.0 6 0.75 3 1.0 5 1.0 9 0.5
LOAD COMB 19 1.0 G+1.0 S+0.75 Q(CL-A)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP+0.5 TR
1 1.0 2 1.0 7 0.75 3 1.0 5 1.0 8 0.5
LOAD COMB 20 1.0 G+1.0 S+0.75 Q(CLA)+1.0 EP+1.0 WP+0.5 TF
1 1.0 2 1.0 7 0.75 3 1.0 5 1.0 9 0.5
LOAD COMB 21 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 EP+0.5 TR
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 8 0.5
LOAD COMB 22 1.0 G+1.0 S+1.0 EP+0.5 TF
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0 9 0.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
FINISH