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2010 Fish Biology
2010 Fish Biology
FEEDING HABITS OF TENCH (TINCA TINCA L., 1758) IN BEYSEHIR LAKE (TURKEY)
Alas, A.
Symposium: Fish living on the edge Presentation:oral
Contact: Ali Alas, Department of Sciences, Faculty of Education, Aksaray University, Aksaray, 68100
Turkey
E-Mail: alasali@hotmail.com
Abstract: Abstract:In this study, alimentary canal contents of 188 tench (Tinca tinca L.,1758) ) caught
from Beyşehir Lake (Turkey) between April 2004 and March 2005 were examined for feeding
habits. Phytoplanktonic and zoooplanktonic organisms, insects, detritus (animal and vegetable) and two
most common parasites of tench, Ligula intestinalis and Asymphylodora tincae were determined in
observed in the alimentary canal of fish. There was a significant difference between the frequency of
the existance of Chlorella, Coscinidiscus, Fragilaria, Mougetia, Phytoconis, Pinnularia, Rivularia,
Synedra, Ulotrix, Brachionus, Gammarus sp., and Ligula intestinalis among seasons (df=3, P<0.05).
Only 6 of these genera (Chaetophora, Coscinidiscus, Phytoconis, Surirella, Synedra, Daphnia) had a
significant difference among age classes (df=5, P<0.05). Additionally, it was found that only 5 of the
188 tench (2.66 %) were observed to have almost empty alimentary canal. Algae and macrophytes
were found to be the most considerable food types in the present study, which is followed by
zooplankton and insect larvae.
COMPARATIVE FATTY ACID PROFILES OF EGGS AND LARVAE FROM WILD AND
FARMED SALMINUS HILARII (CHARACIFORMES) FEMALES
Araújo, B.C., Honji, R.M., Moreira, R.G.
Symposium: Physiology of fish in aquaculture Presentation:Poster
THE LAKE MAGADI TILAPIA: LIFE ON THE EDGE IN A HIGHLY ALKALINE KENYAN
LAKE
Bergman, H.L., Walsh, P.J., Wright, P.A., Bergman, A.N., Perry, S.F., Laurent, P., Maina, J.N.,
Randall, D.J., and Wood, C.M.
Symposium: Fish living on the edge Presentation:oral
Contact: Harold Bergman, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming,
Department 3166, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, Wyoming 82071-3166 USA
E-Mail: bergman@uwyo.edu
Abstract: The Lake Magadi tilapia (Alcolapia grahami) lives “on the edge” in the Rift Valley of Kenya
in arguably the most extreme aquatic environment to support fish -- water pH 10, alkalinity > 300
mmol L-1, osmolality 525 mosm kg-1, temperatures up to 42 C, daytime hyperoxia, and night-time
hypoxia. This small cichlid (adults ~ 5 g) demonstrates evolution of physiological adaptations to severe
environmental constraints. Namely, all N-waste is excreted as urea via a facilitated diffusion urea
carrier in the gills where ammonia excretion appears impossible into the alkaline environment; high
extracellular and intracellular pH; high-affinity blood O2 curve insensitive to pH in the physiological
range; a very high gill O2 diffusing capacity; an exceptionally high metabolic rate with a Q10
relationship adaptive to the diurnal temperature and O2 cycle, facultative air-breathing via a
physostomous air bladder; and a unique drinking system that allows alkaline lakewater to bypass an
acidic stomach.
THE POTENTIAL FOR BOHR AND ROOT EFFECTS TO AID O2 DELIVERY TO FUEL
GUT OSMOREGULATION
Cooper, C. A., Regan, M. D., Brauner, C. J. and Wilson. R. W.
Symposium: Ion and acid-base regulation in fish Presentation:oral
Contact: Chris Cooper, Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, New Science Complex, Guelph, ON
N1G 2W1 Canada
E-Mail: ccooper@uoguelph.ca
Abstract: Marine teleost fish secrete bicarbonate (HCO3–) into the intestine to aid in water absorption.
To regulate their pH, enterocytes simultaneously transport equimolar H+ into the blood. At salinities
greater than seawater intestinal HCO3- production increases exponentially, exaggerating the blood H+
load. The resulting local blood acidosis has the potential to influence gut tissue oxygen delivery
through exploitation of Bohr and Root effects. Red blood cells were isolated from European flounder
(Platichthys flesus) after acclimation to different salinities. Analysis of their haemoglobins revealed a
significant Root effect in the presence of GTP, with >50% of the blood O2 content being released
between pH 7.0 and 5.5. High rates of intestinal HCO3- secretion are predicted to cause a localised
acidosis of 0.3-0.4 pH units - sufficient to elicit a significant Bohr effect, but not a Root effect. A Bohr-
related enhancement of O2 delivery from haemoglobin would facilitate the raised intestinal metabolism
associated with greater osmoregulatory costs at higher salinities.
KING OF THE LAKE? THE FOOD WEB POSITION OF BURBOT IN BOREAL LAKES
Cott, P.A., Johnston, T.A., Gunn, J.M.
Symposium: Biology of the Burbot Presentation:oral
Contact: Pete Cott, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, #301, 5204 - 50th Avenue, Yellowknife,
NWT X1A 1E2 Canada
E-Mail: Pete.Cott@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Abstract: The food web position of Burbot (Lota lota maculosa) relative to sympatric fishes was
assessed in four northern (approximately 63 degrees N, 114 degrees W) and four southern
(approximately 47 degrees N, 82 degrees W) boreal shield lakes of similar size (250-550 ha) using a
stable isotope approach. Southern lakes generally had higher diversities and abundances of littoral
zone forage fishes. However, Burbot did not appear to utilize littoral food sources more in southern
than in northern lakes. In all lakes, Burbot had C and N isotope signatures more closely aligned with
the offshore piscivore Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) than with the nearshore piscivore Northern
Pike (Esox lucius). These results confirm that Burbot occupy a position near the top of the food chain
in boreal lakes and may play an important role in structuring the limnetic fish community.
CHANGES IN FISH FAUNA IN OXBOW LAKES ON THE ISHIKARI RIVER AND THE
INFLUENCE OF INVASIVE FISH SPECIES
Hayashida, K., Hirayama, A., and Ueda, H.
Symposium: Fish habitat: improving connectivity Presentation:oral
Contact: Hayashida, K, Civil Engineering Research Institute of Cold Region, Hiragishi 1-3, Toyohira-
ku,, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8602 Japan
E-Mail: hayashida-k22ab@ceri.go.jp
Abstract: Between 2003 and 2005, we investigated fish fauna in 25 Ishikari River oxbow lakes in
northern Japan where a similar survey was conducted in 1977. The results showed a significant
increase in the number of fish species, many of which were invasive species. Cluster analysis of the
patterns of change revealed three groups: 1. Small number of species: a significantly increased species
2010 Fish Biology Congress Abstracts
count, around half of which consisted of invasive species; 2. Average number of species: an increased
species count, around 2/3 of which consisted of invasive species; 3. Large number of species: a slightly
increased species count, around half of which consisted of invasive species. Compared to the situation
in 1977, the similarity among fish species tended to be significantly higher. These results indicate that
fish fauna increased and became more homogenous over the 28-year period, and that the uniqueness of
fish communities was lost. The influence of invasive species was also clarified.
WHY DO SOME FISH FIGHT MORE THAN OTHERS ADN WHY DOES IT MATTER?
Huntingford, F.A.
Symposium: Plenary Session Presentation:oral
Contact: Felicity Huntingford, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical & Life
Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanarkshire G12 8QQ UK
E-Mail: F.Huntingford@bio.gla.ac.uk
Abstract: Fighting between members of the same species (or aggression) is widespread among fish and
commonly occurs over disputed resources such as food or mates. Biologists have a good understanding
of the causes of such behaviour, how it develops and the ways in which it contributes to fitness. This
has been used to explain differences in aggressiveness between species, sexes, life history stages and,
more recently, among individual fish. There is accumulating evidence for many animal groups that
individuals of the same species, cohort and gender often show striking and consistent individual
differences in how they respond to natural challenges, including differences in aggressiveness towards
conspecific rivals. This presentation will describe such variation for several fish species, its
neuroendocrine bases, developmental origin and consequences for fitness. Implications of the fact that
some fish fight more than others for management of natural populations and for aquaculture will also
be discussed.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
Johnston, Ian A.
Symposium: Muscle development and growth Presentation:oral
Contact: Ian Johnston, Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, , UK
E-Mail: iaj@st-andrews.ac.uk
Abstract:
5’-FLANKING REGION OF THE MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN GENE INDUCES FIBER TYPE-
SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION IN FISH MUSCLE
Kinoshita, S., Asaduzzaman, Md., Ono, Y., Akolkar, D.B., Ikeda, D., Asakawa, S., and Watabe, S.
Symposium: Muscle development and growth Presentation:oral
Contact: Shugo Watabe, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657 Japan
E-Mail: awatabe@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Abstract: Vertebrate muscles express fiber type-specific myosin heavy chain genes (MYHs), leading to
formation of different muscle types such as fast, slow and cardiac ones. However, details of molecular
mechanisms involved in such a complex expression of MYHs are still unknown. In the present study,
we examined the transcriptional regulation in the expression of two MYHs specifically expressed in
fast and slow/cardiac muscles of torafugu Takifugu rubripes, respectively, and one in the horizontal
myoseptum of medaka Oryzias latipes. In vivo reporter assay showed that the 1~4kb upstream from the
start codon of MYHs was enough to recapitulate intact gene expression in zebrafish Danio rerio and
medaka. Deletion mutant analysis demonstrated that the conserved region in the 5’-flanking region
between orthologues is important for fiber type-specific expression. Furthermore, it is clear that cis-
regulatory region(s) for the fiber type-specific expression of MYHs located in the 5’-flanking region is
shared among different fish species.
IMPACT OF THE FLOOD IN AUGUST 2002 ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND THE
ABUNDANCE OF THE FISH ASSEMBLAGES IN THE BEROUNKA RIVER
Kížek, J., Pivnika, K., Švátora, M.
Symposium: Fish habitat: improving connectivity Presentation:oral
Contact: jkrizeklife, Laboratory of Ichthyology and Fish Ecology, Zahradní 82, Sibřina, CZ 250
84 Czech Republic
E-Mail: jkrizeklife@iol.cz
Abstract: In 1998 to 2004, four sites on the Berounka River near town Radnice were repeatedly fished
in May to June and in September. All the sites were under the weirs; their length and width ranged
between 150 and 250 m and 50 to 60 m, respectively. The stream sections were fished by wading in
two passes with comparable effort with two electroshockers. Total of 23851 fish of 26 species were
2010 Fish Biology Congress Abstracts
caught. Altogether of 5133 barbel and chub longer than 15 cm were caught, 4489 tagged and 872
recaptured. The relative fish abundance ranged between 660 and 4812; five species achieved 90% of
the relative abundance of all fish caught. The biomass ranged between 64 and 430 kg/ha; 5 species
formed 83% of the total biomass. Only four fish with tags from the other locality were caught up to
2002 and 12 after a flood in August 2002 in 2003-04.
HOW DO ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR) PARR COPE WITH LONG TERM
SUBLETHAL AMMONIA EXPOSURE?
Kolarevic J., Takle H., Ytterborg E., Selset R., Felip O., Good C., Bæverfjord G., Åsgård T.E. and
Terjesen B.F.
Symposium: Fish in a toxic world Presentation:oral
Contact: Jelena Kolarevic, Nofima Marin, Sunndalsøra, NO-6600 Norway
E-Mail: jelena.kolarevic@nofima.no
Abstract: Elevated ammonia concentrations in water activate several physiological and molecular
coping mechanisms in salmonids, dependent on their developmental stage, nutritional status and
interaction with other environmental factors. This is being increasingly documented for acute sublethal
exposure while the effects of chronic ammonia exposure are less known. We aimed to examine the
response mechanisms of Atlantic salmon parr (17g initial weight) subjected to different sublethal
ammonia concentrations (0.1 to 38.0 µg/l NH3-N) and different feeding regimes (fed to satiation at
2010 Fish Biology Congress Abstracts
expected growth capacity and 1/3 of that) during 105 days. Three weeks into the experiment all full
feed groups exposed to ammonia had significantly elevated blood plasma ammonia levels. Further, the
gill expressions of the Rhesus glycoprotein rhcg1 were significantly higher in comparison with the
control group. In addition to ammonia exposure, feeding regime also influenced the expression of
Rhcg1 mRNA. Further findings related to the effects of long term ammonia exposure in Atlantic
salmon will be presented.
Most commercially available fish feeds contain synthetic vitamin E. Several studies in livestock have
shown that the natural form is almost twice as efficient, but little is known about its effect in tilapia.
We evaluated the effect of feeding Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, (128±19 g initial weight) for 7
weeks with three concentrations of natural vitamin E (low: 40; medium: 65; high: 115 mg kg-1)
compared to a control (120 mg kg-1 of synthetic vitamin E) on productive parameters, stress and meat
quality. The low concentration of vitamin E provided the best relative weight gain results (58.1% vs.
49.0% in control) while no differences on plasma cortisol and glucose were found. Meat quality was
not affected by vitamin E (no differences in water holding capacity or pH). Our results suggest that
including low concentrations of natural vitamin E may be profitable from the growth point of view.
Funded by MICINN (Spain).
THE FISH ERYTHROSOME PROVIDES KEY INSIGHTS INTO THE EVOLUTION OF THE
IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VERTEBRATES
Morera, D., Roher, N., Ribas, L., Balasch, J.C., Doñate, C., Callol, A., Boltaña, S., Roberts, S., Goetz,
G., Goetz, F.W. and MacKenzie, S.
Symposium: Fish immunological responses Presentation:Poster
Contact: Davínia Morera Capdevila, Dept. Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Edifici de
Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya 8193 Spain
E-Mail: davinia.morera@uab.cat
Abstract: The indisputable function of the erythrocyte is agreed to be oxygen-transport by the
respiratory globin pigments. Across the vertebrates with the solitary exception of mammals, nucleated
erythrocytes are present in circulation throughout the entire life cycle of the organism. In this study we
hypothesized that erythrocytes of the Rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) can participate in the
immune response. Our results show that erythrocytes express receptors related to PAMP detection
including TLR3, TLR9 and PGNR. Both RNA-Seq and microarray studies indicate that erythrocytes
express a considerable diversity of mRNAs and that transcriptomic remodeling is activated by PAMP.
Polysome gradient analysis indicates localization of immune-related mRNA transcripts to polysomal
fractions indicating active translation. Furthermore, incubation of macrophages with erythrocyte
conditioned medium modulates the anti-viral response. We suggest that erythrocytes likely play an
important and poorly understood role in the immune response.
THE MLL GENES IN ATLANTIC COD (GADUS MORHUA) AND THEIR EXPRESSION
DURING PHOTOPERIOD MANIPULATION
Nagasawa, K., Gianetto, A., Kirtiklis, L., and Fernandes, J.M.O.
Symposium: Muscle development and growth Presentation:Poster
THE ‘EL NIÑO’ AND THE MIGRATORY FISH REPRODUCTION IN A RIVER STRETCH
WITH A CASCADE OF DAMS, UPPER URUGUAY RIVER/ BRAZIL
Reynalte-Tataje, D.A.; Zaniboni-Filho, E.; Nuñer, A.P.O.; Nunes, M.C.
Symposium: Fish habitat: improving connectivity Presentation:oral
Contact: Evoy Zaniboni-Filho, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Laboratorio de Biologia e
Cultivo de Peixes de Água Doce (Lapad/CCA/UFSC), Rod. SC 406, no.3532 - Lagoa do Peri,
Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88066-000 Brazil
E-Mail: zaniboni@cca.ufsc.br
Abstract: The existence of migratory fish spawning in highly regulated rivers has been contested after
the construction of many impoundments at the Upper Uruguay River. This study explored the presence
of migratory fish spawning in this region and its relationship to environmental variables. Samples were
taken in a free-flowing stretch between Itá and Machadinho reservoirs, in two sampling sites: Uruguay
(main river) and Ligeiro (tributary). Samplings were conducted during nine reproductive periods (RPs),
from 2001 to 2010, through surface trawls at night with a plankton net. The study verified the
occurrence of spawning of three migratory species: Salminus brasiliensis, Prochilodus lineatus, and
Steindachneridion scriptum, with great spatiotemporal differences and strongly related to
environmental conditions. While S. scriptum reproduces at the Uruguay River during floods, P. lineatus
and S. brasiliensis spawn only at the Ligeiro River and exclusively in RPs influenced by the ‘El Niño’
phenomenon, when floods coincide with high temperatures.
RED BLOOD CELL SOLUBLE ADENYLYL CYCLASE (SAC) AND NA+/H+ EXCHANGE
(NHE): A POTENTIAL PATHWAY THROUGH WHICH FISH MAY EXPLOIT THE ROOT
EFFECT FOR GENERAL OXYGEN DELIVERY IN THE ABSENCE OF
CATECHOLAMINES
Rummer, J.L., Tresguerres, M., Goss, G.G., and Brauner, C.J.
Symposium: Ion and acid-base regulation in fish Presentation:oral
Contact: Jodie L. Rummer, University of BC, Department of Zoology, 6270 University Blvd.,
Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
E-Mail: rummer@zoology.ubc.ca
Abstract: Rainbow trout, when stressed, release catecholamines that activate red blood cell (RBC) -
adrenergic Na+/H+ exchange (;NHE), protecting intracellular pH and gill O2 uptake otherwise
potentially impaired in the presence of pH-sensitive Root effect hemoglobins. In a closed, in vitro
system, an acidosis in conjunction with catecholamines stimulate RBC NHE, which can be short-
circuited upon exposure to plasma-accessible carbonic anhydrase (paCA). Short-circuiting re-acidifies
RBCs, resulting in a Root effect increase in PO2. Interestingly, the response is similar in the absence
of catecholamines, but abolished upon NHE inhibition (EIPA). We hypothesize that a non-adrenergic
pathway, via soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), potentially activated by elevated intracellular [HCO3-],
additionally activates NHE. Inhibiting sAC abolishes this response, suggesting a potential role in
perceiving and regulating mild RBC pH disturbances. If operational in vivo, paCA may short-circuit
RBC NHE during mild acid-base disturbances such that the Root effect may be exploited for general
O2 delivery.
BIOMETRY OF THE FISHES BARBUS PLEBEJUS AND BARBUS CAPITO FROM CORUH
BASIN, TURKEY
Solak, K., Alas, A, Ylmaz, M. and Öktener, A.
Symposium: Contributed Papers Presentation:oral
Contact: Kemal Solak, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Gazi University,, Ankara, 6300
Turkey
E-Mail: ksolak@gazi.edu.tr
Abstract: Metric and meristic characters are important to identify fish species and their habitat
peculiarities.There are many species that belong to the fish genus Barbus, which is found in tropical
and extratropical regions, but there are few studies covering the Coruh basin. Two subspecies of
Barbus were found in the Coruh River system of Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: Barbus plebejus escherichi
and Barbus capito capito. We collected specimens in seven localities for measurement. The number of
vertebra were determined radiographically. Some specimens of B. capito capito have a sharper snout in
the segments of Coruh where the water flows faster, suggesting a modification related to current. The
Abstract: Aquatic hypoxia is a frequent event and in fish a complex set of physiological and
biochemical alterations are employed to cope with this environmental stress. Many of these
adjustments depend to a large extent on changes in the expression of genes that encode for
physiologically relevant proteins. Genes that are induced by hypoxia appear to share a common mode
of transcriptional regulation. This induction depends upon activation of a transcription factor, the
hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer composed of two subunits: α and β.
In this study we report first on the molecular cloning and characterization of HIF-1α in sea bass
(Dicentrarchus labrax). The full-length sea bass cDNA for HIF-1α was isolated and deposited in the
GenBank with accession no. DQ171936. It consists of 3317 base pairs (bp) carrying a single open-
reading frame that encompasses 2265 bp of the coding region and 1052 bp of the 3’ UTR.
We then utilized the real-time PCR technology to monitor dynamic changes in levels of HIF-1α
transcripts, in response to acute and chronic hypoxic stress. The number of HIF-1α mRNA copies
Garlic can be used as an alternative antibiotic in fish due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties
and has also been shown to promote growth, but less is known about its possible effect on animal
welfare. In this study we evaluated the effect of garlic extract on growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus) and its stress response. Fish (210±52 g) were given feed with or without added garlic (100
mg kg-1) and either given a moderate stress (persecution for 5 min once a week) or left alone. Fish
without garlic and no stress showed the highest relative weight gain (40.6%), while no differences were
found among the other groups. Garlic had no effect on cortisol (108.3 ng ml-1 on average) or glucose
(39.4 mg dl-1) levels, which were similar among treatments. Funded by MICINN (Spain).
HEAVY METALS IN TISSUE AND LIVER OIL OF BURBOT (LOTA LOTA L.) CAUGHT IN
LAKES OF NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA.
Wong, A.
Symposium: Biology of the Burbot Presentation:oral
Contact: Alfred Wong, Arbokem Inc., P.O. Box 34173, Vancouver, BC V6J 4N1 Canada
E-Mail: aw688@xymega.com
Abstract: Burbot (Lota lota L.) was caught in several ice fishing campaigns in Athapapuskow Lake ( 54
32’ N, 101 35’ W) south of Flin Flon (Manitoba), Canada and in Amisk Lake (52 35’ N, 102 15’ W)
southwest of Creighton (Saskatchewan), Canada. These two lakes lied in the air basin of the large
zinc-copper processing facility of Hudson Bay Mining and Smeltering (HBMS) Co. in Flin Flon
(Manitoba). The smelter has been operating since the 1930s. For decades, this HBMS facility has been
cited to be among the top 3 air-borne polluters (viz., Hg, Pb, Cd, As, as well as SO2 and particulate
matter,) in the Canadian mineral processing industry.
HIGH STOCKING DENSITY INDUCES STRESS AND AFFECTS THE ADAPTIVE STRESS
RESPONSE OF SENEGALESE SOLE (SOLEA SENEGALENSIS)
Wunderink, Y., Engels, S., Geba, K., Halm, S., Yúfera, M., Martínez-Rodríguez, G., Flik, G., Klaren,
P., and Mancera, J.
Symposium: Physiology of fish in aquaculture Presentation:oral
Contact: Yvette Wunderink, Universidad de Cádiz, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de
Biología, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510 Spain
E-Mail: yvette.wunderink@uca.es
Abstract: In teleost fish, the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis plays a central role in adaptive
stress responses, and starts with the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), that stimulates
the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, derived from the precursor proopiomelanocortin
(POMC)), which in turn activates cortisol production and release by the interrenal tissue in the
headkidney. CRF activity is further regulated by a specific CRF binding protein (CRF-BP). We have
characterized CRF, CRF-BP and two isoforms of POMC, and investigated their roles in Senegalese
2010 Fish Biology Congress Abstracts
sole juveniles cultivated at three densities (1.9, 4.7 and 9.8 kg/m2). Subsequently, animals were
exposed to a second challenge: transfer from seawater (39‰ salinity) to concentrated seawater (55‰).
Fish reared at the highest density experienced stress as indicated by high plasma cortisol levels, and
these animals reacted differently to hyperosmotic challenge. We discuss differential stress responses to
different stressors in the frame of animal welfare in fish aquaculture.