Lesson Plan

Lesson : Hydroxy Compounds (II)

Aim :

1. To study the use of the Lucas test and the triiodomethane test.

2. To study the oxidation reactions of alcohols.

Learning Outcomes :

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

distinguish primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols by the Lucas test

state the oxidation products of the different classes of alcohols

explain the triiodomethane test.

Assumed prior knowledge :

Students should already be familiar with :

1. the nomenclature of alcohols

2. the general structure of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols

3. the use of acidified KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 as oxidising agents

4. the general structures of aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids.

Underlying Principles

1. Making the invisible, visible

2. Enabling students to know what to look for.

Differentiation

Questions in the student notes are designed to enable all students to complete the activity.
The pop-up answers are provided for the students to view when they have considered their
responses. Worksheet questions include questions that require recall, understanding and
application of the new concepts learned.

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 1 of 3

Development of Lesson :

No. Steps Strategy Resources

1 Set Induction.
(Ascertaining prior • Teacher to get students to recall the
knowledge and general structures of primary, secondary
introducing lesson and tertiary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones
topic for the day). and carboxylic acids. Teacher to quiz
students on colour changes given by
acidified KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 when they
undergo reduction.
• Teacher to point out lesson objectives for
the day.

2 Student Activity Teacher to go through Activities 1 and 2 • Courseware

with the students.

Activity 1 : Tests for classes of

alcohols

Students are shown how to distinguish

primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols
using the Lucas test. They are also
shown how these alcohols give different
products with oxidising agents such as
acidified KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7.

Activity 2 : Triiodomethane test

Students are shown how alcohols with the

structure
H

CH3  C 

OH
can be identified by the triiodomethane
test.

3 Evaluation • Students to answer questions in the • Worksheet

student worksheet on their own.

4 Extension activity • Students to read up reference materials • References

on their own.

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 of 3

Worksheet Answers

1. Tests for classes of alcohols

1. 1 a. CH3CH2CH2COOH

b. CH3CH2COCH3

c. O

CCH3

d. O

1.2 a. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH, (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH, (CH3)3CCH2OH and

CH3CH2CHCH2OH

CH3

b. CH3CH2CH2CHCH3, (CH3)2CHCHCH3, CH3CH2CHCH2CH3

  
OH OH OH

c. (CH3)2CCH2CH3

OH

2. Triiodomethane test

2.1 a. Reagents: Aqueous iodine solution and sodium hydroxide

Condition: Heat

b. H

CH3  C 

OH

c. A yellow precipitate is obtained.

d. CH3CHCH2CH3 + 4 2 + 6NaOH CH 3 + CH3CH2COONa + 5Na + 5H2O


OH

2.2 A, B, D and E

© 2004 Ministry of Education Malaysia. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 3