YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ELECRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND

MICROPROCESSORS
LED LIGHTING IN DESIRED ORDER

TERM PAPER

Prepared By

Teaching Assistant

İSTANBUL, 2016
GOAL/ ARM

The designation and creation of the circuit where the LEDs light for a certain period in the
predetermined order.

STEP 𝟏𝑺𝑻

All of the possible situations are detected. There are 24 =16 different situations. Only, nine of
these situations are asked from us. Also, 16-9 =7 them are ‘‘don’t care’’ situations.

Our All Option

Current State Next State
R Y G B
R Y G B 𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑌 𝐷𝐺 𝐷𝐵 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1
 Desired Option Don’t Care Option

R Y G B R Y G B
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

STEP 𝟐𝑺𝑻

Karnough maps are created by using

‘‘desired situations’’, ‘‘don’t care
situations’’ and by utilizing the next
situation of each LED. By doing the
necessary simplifications on Karnough
maps; equations, which are necessary
for desired circuit diagram, are obtained.
STEP 𝟑𝑺𝑻

Drawing and simulation of the desired design is created on the proteus program by using
integrators. In addition, the square wave trigger signal, which is necessary for the operation of
the circuit, is found by using 555 integration.
 The Happened Circuit That When We Use ‘Not Gate’

The Happened Circuit That When We Use ‘Not Gate of Flip Flop’
THE MATERİALS USED
 THE CALCULATIONS OF LED FLASH DURATION

Tp  (Ra  2Rb) xCx ln(2)  0.7 x( Ra  2Rb) xC

Ra  R b  10k C  100 F
Tp  0.7x[(10x10 )  2x(10x103 )]x(100x106 )
3

Tp  2.1s  LED flash duration

STEP 𝟒𝑺𝑻

Previously simulated design is formed in a proper way with integrated and other circuit
materials on the bread board.