PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI & TULANGAN RANGKAP PADA BALOK

0.85 Fc'
ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
As' - Aub Cc
Cub

50 43
As +
es
7 ST

20 dia e dia s

M-= 9.28 Tm
M =+
7.6
} d= 0.8

Fc' = 300 kg/cm2

Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cub
=
es d - Cub
0.003 Cub 0.129 - 0.003Cub = 0.002Cub
=
0.0020 43-Cub 0.129 = 0.002 Cub +0.003 Cub
Cub = 25.8 cm
aub = 0.85 x 25.8 = 21.93 cm

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.8 As . Fy = 3275.9 As
Cc =0.85 Fc'. Aub . B = 111843
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
3275.9 As + 111843= 4000 As
111843 = 724.1 As
Asb = 154.46 cm2
As'b = 126.50 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 126.5 x 4000 = 506000.0 kg

Cc =0.85 x 300 x 21.93 x 20 = 111843.0 kg
St = 154.46 x 4000 = 617840.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (506000 x (43 - 7)) + (111843 x (43 - (0.5 x21.93)))
Mnb = 7588501.51 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 7588501.51 kgcm

= 60.70801 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Design
Cu = 24.8 cm
Au = 0.85Cu = 0.85 x 24.8= 21.08 cm

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cu ec' 24.8

= =
es' Cu - d' es' 24.8 - 7
0.003 24.8
=
 =
es' 17.8

0.053 = 24.8 es'

es' = 0.0022 > 0.002
Fs' = 4306.5 kg/cm2
tulangan tekan sudah leleh,maka Fs' = Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.8 As x 4000 = 3276 As
Cc = 0.85 Fc'. Au . B = 107508
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
3276 As + 107508 = 4000 As
107508 = 724 As
As = 148.49 cm2
As' = 121.61 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 121.61 x 4000 = 486440.0 kg

Cc = 0.85 x 300 x 21.08 x 20 = 107508.0 kg
St = 148.49 x 4000 = 593960.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (486440 x (43 - 7)) + (107508 x (43 - (0.5 x21.08)))
Mnb = 21001549.68 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 21001549.68 kgcm

= 168.01 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Keadaan Under Reinforce = 0.7 x Asb (max).

diambil As = 0.2 Asb = 30.9 cm2 OK, As max < As < As min
As' = 0.2 As'b = 25.3 cm2

PERSAMAAN :
1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
Sc = 25.3 x 4000 = 101200.00 kg
Cc = 0.85 x 300 x 21.08 x 20= 5100.00 kg
St = 30.9 x 4000 = 123568.00 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mn
Mn = 3808746.00 kg cm
Mu = f Mn Mu = 3046996.80 kg cm
= 30.47 Tm > M = 9.28 Tm
OK, dimensi & tulangan cukup

Tulangan diameter 24 , Luas = 4.5216 cm2

Tulangan tarik 7 buah
Tulangan tekan 6 buah

r tulangan min = 0.0035 = As min = 3.01 cm2

r tulangan max = 0.7 x Asb = As max = 108.1 cm2

Dimensi & tulangan terpasang

6d24 6d24

50 50
50 50

7d24 6d24

20 20

Tumpuan Lapangan
 PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI & TULANGAN RANGKAP PADA BALOK
0.85 Fc'
ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
As' - aub Cc
Cub

35 30
As +
es
5 ST

20 dia e dia s

Mu = 6.4 Tm
} d= 0.5

Fc' = 250 kg/cm2

Fy = 4000 kg/cm2

Keadaan Balance
Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cub
=
es d - Cub
0.003 Cub 0.09 - 0.003Cub = 0.002Cub
=
0.0020 30-Cub 0.09 = 0.002 Cub + 0.003 Cub
Cub = 18 cm
aub = 0.85 x 18 = ### cm

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.5 As . Fy = 2000 As
Cc =0.85 Fc'. Aub . B = 65025
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
2000 As + 65025 = 4000 As
65025 = 2000 As
Asb = 32.51 cm2
As'b = 16.26 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 16.26 x 4000 = 65040.0 kg

Cc =0.85 x 250 x 15.3 x 20 = 65025.0 kg
St = 32.51 x 4000 = 130040.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mnb = (65040 x (30 - 5)) + (65025 x (30 - (0.5 x15.3)))
Mnb = 1778658.75 kgcm

Mub = 0.8 x 1778658.75 kgcm

= 14.229 Tm > ... Mu, dimensi balok kuat
 Design Tulangan (Under-reinforced)
Cu = 10 cm
Au = 0.85Cu = 0.85 x 10 = 8.5 cm

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :

1. ec' Cu ec' 10
= =
es' Cu - d' es' 10 - 5
0.003 10
=
es' 5

0.015 = 10 es'
es' = 0.0015 < 0.002
kg/cm2
karena tulangan tekan belum leleh,maka Fs'= 3000 kg/cm2

Persamaan statika : baja

Sc = As'.Fs' = 0.5 As x 3000 = 1500 As
Cc = 0.85 Fc'. Au . B = 36125
St = As. Fy = 4000 As

1. S H = 0 Sc + Cc = ST
1500 As + 36125 = 4000 As
36125 = 2500 As
As = 14.45 cm2
As' = 7.23 cm2

Jadi , Sc = 7.23 x 3000 = 21690.0 kg

Cc = 0.85 x 250 x 8.5 x 20 = 36125.0 kg
St = 14.45 x 4000 = 57800.0 kg

2. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mnb

Mn = (21690 x (30 - 5)) + (36125 x (30 - (0.5 x8.5)))
Mn = 1472468.75 kgcm

Mu = 0.8 x 1472468.75 kgcm

= 11.78 Tm > Mu, dimensi balok kuat

Keadaan Under Reinforce = 0.7 x Asb (max).

diambil As = 14.45 Asb = 469.8 cm2 OK, As max < As < As min
As' = 14.45 As'b = 235.0 cm2
Perhitungan tulangan di bawah ini tidak terpakai.
Sc = 235 x 3000 = 704871.00 kg
Cc = 0.85 x 250 x 8.5 x 20 = 36125.00 kg
St = 469.8 x 4000 = 1879078.00 kg

PERSAMAAN :
1. S M = 0 Sc (d - d') + Cc (d - 0.5au) = Mn
Mn = 18551993.75 kg cm
Mu = f Mn Mu = 14841595.00 kg cm
= 148.42 Tm > M = 6.4 Tm
OK, dimensi & tulangan cukup

Tulangan diameter 24 , Luas = 4.52 cm2

Tulangan tarik 104 buah
Tulangan tekan 52 buah

r tulangan min = 0.0035 = As min = 2.10 cm2

 r tulangan max = 0.7 x Asb = As max = 22.76 cm2

Dimensi & tulangan terpasang

52d24 52d24

35 35

104d24 52d24

20 20

Tumpuan Lapangan
 PERHITUNGAN PEMERIKSAAN TULANGAN KOLOM DUA SISI

3/7 AS

20
15
Pu
Mu
4/7 As
5

150

Fc' = 250 kg/cm2 , b = 0.85

Fy = 3200 kg/cm2
Es = 2000000 kg/cm2
Pu = 197 Ton Beban Luar
}
Mu = 14.7 Ton meter
Tulangan diambil/perkirakan = 3 tulangan diameter 12 mm AS1 3.391 cm²
4 tulangan diameter 12 mm AS2 4.522 cm²
As total = 7.9128 cm²

1. Keadaan normal murni :

ec' = 0.003 ecu' = 0.003
Sc1 ey = Fy
= 0.0016
4/7 As Es
- Cc Pn0 tulangan tekan sudah leleh maka
Fs = Fy = 3200 kg/cm2

4/7 As
Sc2

Sc1 = 3/7As x Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg

Sc2 = 4/7As x Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 14469.120 kg
Cc = b x h x 0.85 Fc' = 150 x 20 x 0.85 x 250 = 637500.000 kg
Persamaan statika :
SH=0 Sc1 + Sc2 + Cc - Pn0 = 0
Pn0 = 10851.84 + 14469.12 + 637500 = 659203.680 kg
Pu0 = 0.65 Pn0 = 0.65 x 659204 = 428482.392 kg
Pu0 = 428.482 ton
 2. Keadaan Decompresi :

ec' = 0.003 0.85fc'

es' Sc1

-
Cu = d = 15 au Cc Pnd

Mnd

es = 0 St 0
dia e
au = 0.85 x Cu = 0.85 x 15 = 12.750 cm
Sc1 = 3/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg
Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 150 x 12.75 x 0.85 x 250 = 406406.250 kg
St = 0 (Decompresi)
Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc1 + Cc - St - Pnd = 0
10851.84 + 406406.25 - 0 = Pnd
Pnd = 417258.1 kg
Pud = 0.65 x Pnd = 271217.765 kg
= 271.218 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc1(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnd (0.5h-d') - Mnd = 0
Mnd = ( 10851.84 x 10) + (406406.25 x 8.625) - (417258.1 x 5)
= 1527481.806 kgcm
= 15.275 tm
Mud = 0.65 x Mnd = 0.65 x 15.275
= 9.929 tm
3. Keadaan Balance :
ec' = 0.003 0,85fc'
es' Sc
Cu - au Cc

Pnb
+ Mnb
es
St
es = e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cu
=
es d - Cu
0.003 Cu 0.045 - 0.003Cu = 0.0016Cu
=
0.0016 15 - Cu 0.015 = 0.0016 Cu +0.003 Cu
Cub = 9.78 cm
au = 0.85 x 9.78 8.313 cm
Sc1 = 3/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg
Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 150 x 8.313 x 0.85 x 250 = 264976.900 kg
St=Sc2 = 4/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 14469.120 kg
Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnb = 0
Pnb = 10851.84 + 264976.9 - 14469.12
Pnb = 261359.620 kg
Pub = 0.65 x 261359.62 = 169883.753 kg
Pub = 169.884 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnb (0.5h-d') - Mnb = 0
Mnb = ( 10851.84 x 10) + (264976.9 x 10.8435) - (261359.62 x 5)
= 1674997.315 kgcm
= 16.750 tm
Mub = 0.65 x Mnb = 0.65 x 16.75
= 10.888 tm
 4. Keadaan Keruntuhan Tekan :
Coba, Cu = 23 cm > Cub = 9.78cm .
au = . 19.55 cm

ec' = 0.003 0.85 fc'.

es' Sc
- Cu = 23 au Cc
d = 15
Pnt
Mnt

+
es < e y St

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cu
=
es d - Cu
0.003 23
=
es 15 - 23
es = -0.00104
Fs = es x 2.106 = -2087 kg/cm2
Fy = 3200 kg/cm2
Fs < Fy , berati tulangan tarik belum leleh maka, Fs -2087 kg/cm2

Sc1 = 3/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 150 x 19.55 x 0.85 x 250 = 623156.250 kg
St=Sc2 = 4/7As.Fs = 7.9128 x -2087 = -9436.579 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnt = 0
Pnt = 10851.84 + 623156.25 - -9436.579
Pnt = 643444.669 kg
Put = 0.65 x 643444.669 = 418239.035 kg
Put = 418.239 ton
(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnt (0.5h-d') - Mnt = 0
Mnt = ( 10851.84 x 10) + (623156.25 x 5.225) - (643444.669 x 5)
= 147286.461 kgcm
= 1.473 tm
Mut = 0.65 x Mnt = 0.65 x 1.473
= 0.957 tm
 5. Keruntuhan Tarik1 :
Coba, Cu = 15 cm < Cub = 9.78cm .
au = 0.85 x 15 = 12.8 cm

ec' = 0.003
es' Sc
- Cu Cc

d = 15
Pnr
+ Mnr
es
St
es > e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cu
=
es' Cu - d'
0.003 15
=
es' 15 - 5
es' = 0.0020
Fs = es' x 2.106 = 4000 kg/cm2 > fy --> tul.tekan sdh leleh
Fy = 3200 kg/cm2
Fy < Fs', tulangan tarik sudah leleh maka Fs' = Fy = 3200 kg/cm2

Sc1 = 3/7As.Fs' = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 150 x 12.8 x 0.85 x 250 = 408000.000 kg
St=Sc2 = 4/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 14469.120 kg
Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnt = 0
Pnt = 10851.84 + 408000 - 14469.12
Pnt = 404382.7 kg
Put = 0.65 x 404382.72 = 262848.768 kg
Put = 262.849 ton
(2). S M= 0
Sc(0.5h - d') +Cc (0.5h-0.5au) + St (0.5h-d') - Mnr = 0
Mnr = (10851.84 x (10 - 5)) + (408000 x (10 - 6.4)) + (14469.12 x (10-5))
= 1595404.800 kgcm
= 15.954 tm
Mut = 0.65 x Mnt = 0.65 x 15.954
= 10.370 tm
 6. Keadaan Tarik2 :
Coba, Cu = 21 cm < Cub = 9.78cm .
au = 0.85 x 21 = 17.9 cm

ec' = 0.003
es' Sc
- Cu Cc

d = 15
Pnr
+ Mnr
es
St
es > e y

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cu
=
es' Cu - d'
0.003 21
=
es' 21 - 5
es = 0.0023
Fs' = es' x 2.106 = 4571 kg/cm2
Fy = 3200 kg/cm2
Fy < Fs, tulangan tarik sudah leleh Fs' = Fy = 3200 kg/cm2

Sc1 = 3/7As.Fs' = 7.9128 x 3200 = 10851.840 kg

Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 150 x 17.9 x 0.85 x 250 = 570562.500 kg
St=Sc2 = 4/7As.Fy = 7.9128 x 3200 = 14469.120 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnr = 0
Pnr = 10851.84 + 570562.5 - 14469.12
Pnr = 566945.2 kg
Pur = 0.65 x 566945.22 = 368514.393 kg
Pur = 368.514 ton
(2). S Mditengah kolom = 0
Sc(0.5h - d') +Cc (0.5h-0.5au) + St (0.5h-d') - Mnr = 0
Mnr = (10851.84 x (10 - 5)) + (570562.5 x (10 - 8.95)) + (14469.12 x (10-5))
= 725695.425 kgcm
= 7.257 tm
Mur = 0.65 x Mnr = 0.65 x 7.257
= 4.717 tm
 Ringkasan M & P dalam 5 kondisi
No. Kondisi M P
( Tm ) (T)
1. Normal 0.0 428.5
2. Decompresi 9.9 271.2
3. Tekan 1.0 418.2
4. Balance 10.9 169.9
5. Tarik1 10.4 262.8
6. Tarik2 4.7 368.5

Hasil grafik interaksi :

Kolom berdimensi 20cm x 150cm dibebani dengan gaya luar :
Pu = 197 ton
Mu = 14.7 ton meter
Mampu menahan gaya luar tsb, karena masih didalam grafik Interaksi.

Diagram Interaksi
Aksial (ton)

450
400
350
300
250 kekuatan batas
gaya luar
200
150
100
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
momen (ton-meter)
 DESAIN KOLOM TULANGAN DUA SISI

Dari perhitungan struktur, didapat :

Pu = 124 ton
Mu = 14.2 ton meter
Rencanakn kolom, dengan data-data sbb :
Fc' = 250 kg/cm2 , b = 0.85
Fy = 2400 kg/cm2

Perhitungan Desin
assumsi : luas tulangan = 2 % dari luas Beton
As max = 6 % dari luas Beton
r min = 0.0058 As min = r b d
Pu0 = 2 x Pu = 248 Ton
Pno = Pu/
Pu0 = ( Ac x 0.85Fc' ) + ( As x Fy )
= ( b x h ) x 0.85Fc' + ( 0.02 x b x h ) x Fy
= ( b x h ) x 0.85 x 250 + ( 0.02 x b x h ) x 2400
= ( 212.5+48 ) x ( b x h ) = 260.5 x ( b x h )
248000 = 260.5 x (b x h)
( b x h ) = 248000 / 260.5
( b x h ) = 952.02 Jika h= 1.5 b
b x (1.5b)) = 952.02
b2 = 634.68 b = 634.68 = 25.19
b = 25.00 cm
h = 35.00 cm

coba dimensi kolom 30 x 40 cm2

Luas tulangan ( As ) = 2% Luas Beton ( Ac )

= 0.02 x ( 30 x 40 )
40 = 24 cm2
. Pakai tulangan f = 16 , A = 2.01 cm2
Jumlah tulangan (n) = 24 / 2.01 = 11.90
Dipasang tulangan = 6 f 16 salah!! yg terpasang, hrs lebih besar da
30 As total = 12.06 cm 2

. As max = 72.00 cm2

As min = 6.96 cm 2
} As max < As total < As min

0.5 As = 6.03 cm2

Jarak antar tulangan = 7.6 cm ok

Cek, dimensi & tulangan :

1. Keadaan Normal
Pn0 = ( Ac x 0.85Fc' ) + ( As x Fy )
= ( 30x40 ) x 0.85 x 250 + ( 12.06 x 2400 )
= 283944.00 kg = 283.94 ton
Pu0 = 0.65 x Pn0
= 184.56 ton
2. Keadaan Balance

ec' = 0.003 Sc
es'
Cub Cc
50 45 Pnb
Mnb
5 St
es = e y
30

Persamaan Deformasi/Kompatibilitas :
ec' Cub
es =
d - Cu
0.003 Cub 0.135 - 0.003Cu = 0.0012Cub
=
0.001 45 - Cub 0.135 = ( 0.003 + 0.0012 )Cub
Cub = 32.14 cm
aub = 0.85 x 32.14 27.32 cm

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 6.03 x 2400 = 14472.00 kg

Cc = b x aub x 0.85Fc = 30 x 27.319 x 0.85 x 250 = 174158.63 kg
St = 0.5As.Fy = 6.03 x 2400 = 14472.00 kg

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnb = 0
Pnb = 14472 + 174158.63 - 14472
Pnb = 174158.63 kg
Pub = 0.65 x 174158.63 = 113203.1095 kg
Pub = 113.2 ton

(2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') +Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnb (0.5h-d') - Mnb = 0
Mnb = ( 14472 x 40) + (174158.63 x 31.3405) - (174158.63 x 20)
= 2553925.94 kgcm
Mub = 0.65x2553925.94 = 1660051.86 kg
Mub = 16.6 tm < Mu = 12.8tm ok ukuran kolom cukup.

3. Keadaan Decompresi

ec' = 0.003 0.85fc'

es' Sc
-
Cud = 45 au Cc Pnd
Mnd

es = 0 St 0
dia e

au = 0.85 x Cu = 0.85 x 45 = 38.25 cm

Sc = 0.5As.Fy = 6.03 x 2400 = 14472.00 kg
Cc = b x au x 0.85Fc = 30 x 38.25 x 0.85 x 250 = 243843.75 kg
St = 0 (Decompresi)

Persamaan statika :
(1). S H = 0
Sc + Cc - St - Pnd = 0
14472 + 243843.75 - 0 = Pnd
Pnd = 258315.8 kg
Pud = 0.65 x Pnd = 167905.27 kg
= 167.905 ton
 (2). S M = 0
Sc(d - d') + Cc (d-0.5au) - Pnd (0.5h-d') - = 0
= ( 14472 x 40) + (243843.75 x 42.5) - (258315.8 x 20)
= 1722021.03 kgcm
Mnd= 17.220 tm
Mud = 0.65 x Mnd = 0.65 x 17.22
= 11.193 tm

Ringkasan M & P dalam 3 kondisi

No. Kondisi M P
( Tm ) (T)
1. Normal 0.0 184.6
2. Decompresi 11.2 167.9
3. Balance 16.6 113.2

Hasil grafik interaksi :

Kolom berdimensi 30cm x 50cm dengan tulangan 6 dia16 dibebani dengan gaya luar :
Pu = 124 ton
Mu = 14.2 ton meter
Mampu menahan gaya luar tsb, karena masih didalam grafik Interaksi.

Diagram Interaksi

200
180
160
140
Pu

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Mu
kekuatan batas gaya luar