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Outline: - Signal Flow Graph Notation. - Signal Flow Graph From Block Diagram. - Mason's Rule. - Transfer Function
Outline: - Signal Flow Graph Notation. - Signal Flow Graph From Block Diagram. - Mason's Rule. - Transfer Function
1 2
5 6
Not a loop
1
=
+3
100 100 1/
= =
+2 1 + 2/
= +5
7 8
Mason’s Rule Forward Path Gains
Gives overall transfer function in terms of:
• Forward path gains (no vertices repeat).
• Loop gains (path starts and ends at same node).
• Products of loop gains for nontouching loops. T1 G7 G5G 4 G3G 2 G1
• Nontouching loops: no common nodes.
T2 G7 G6 G 4 G3G 2 G1
• Two nontouching loops, three nontouching
loops, …. or T G 7 (G5 G 6 )G 4 G3G 2 G1
9 10
(i ) G 2 H 1 , G 4 H 2 , G 4 (G5 G 6 ) H 3
(ii ) G2 H1G4 H 2 , G2 H1G4 (G5 G6 ) H 3 i.e. eliminate all loops touching path
11 12
Example Forward Path Gains
• Find the overall transfer function using
Mason’s rule
T1 G5G 4 G3G 2 G1
13 14
C (s)
Tk k
1 H1G2G1 H 2G2 H 3G3 G (s) k
R(s)
H1G2G1 H 3G3 H 2G2 H 3G3
T1 G5G 4 G3G 2 G1 G G G G3G1
3 2 1
1 1 G7 H 4
C ( s ) T1 1 G5 G 4 G3G 2 G1 1
G (s)
R(s) 17 18