Paper No.
669
Fig. 1 View of Ghazipur MSW Dumping Yard
Research is being carried out in India and
abroad for reduction of height of MSW landfill
by Bioremediation/Bioculture to speed up the
decomposition of the waste. Different researchers
have adopted various methods to analyse the total
settlement of landfill. Edil et al. (1990) concluded
about different factors which contributed to
settlement of the landfill; prominently the
Physico-chemical changes (Corrosion, oxidation,
combustion) and Bio-chemical decomposition
(Fermentation and decay). Oweis and Khera
(1986) and Ashford et al. (2000) concluded from
their studies that the maximum settlement of the
landfill varied in the range 16-30% of initial height.
Edil et.al (1990), Morris and woods (1990) , Zeiss
(1995) divided the total settlement in 3 stages i.e.
initial, primary and secondary settlement. Initial
settlement occurs on application of a direct load
or overburden on the landfill. Primary settlement
occurs quickly in the first 4 - 12 weeks. Secondary
settlement occurs as a result of creep and biological
decomposition and can result in settlement of
25% of waste thickness (Coduto and Huitric,
1990). The majority of secondary settlement may
continue upto 50 years after completion of waste
placement (Sharma and Lewis, 1995). Several
models were reported to predict MSW landfill
settlement viz. empirical model (Yen and Scanlon,
1975), soil mechanics based model (Ourry and
Page, 2005), rheological model (Gibson and Lo,
1961; Punyamurthula, 1995; Zhao et al., 2001)
and model incorporating biodegradation (Park
and Lee, 1997). Babu et al. (2010) proposed
generalized constitutive model to determine total
settlement of MSW considering mechanical, creep
and biodegradation component.
Hisham T.et al. (2000) reported slope failures
in a municipal solid waste landfill with vertical
80 Journal of the indian Roads Congress, July - September, 2017
displacement of up to 275 and 61 m. The paper
discusses the results of shear strength of MSW
and foundation. Neil Dixon and Russel V.Jang
(2005) studied the engineering properties of MSW
viz. unit weight, compressibility, shear strength
and hydraulic conductivity anddiscussed the
parameters used for optimization of landfill
designs.
Several case histories have been reported for the
construction of Roads and buildings over the
Municipal solid Waste fills. Charles et al. (1981)
reported several case histories which included;
construction of a 2 - storey hospital, roads and
highways on a filled up MSW dump. Welsh (1983)
cites a roadway site with 6 to 12 m of waste
fill. Bowels (1998) proposed determination of
modulus of elasticity of MSW dump with respect
to time of deposit. Yee (1999) advocated that
dynamic compaction of landfills reduces long term
settlement of the fill.
Large scale infrastructural development is being
carried out in the country considering the huge surge
in the industrial and consumer goods production.
Several thousand kilometre of roads are built
in the form of National Highway Development
program (NHDP) and Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak
Yojana (PMGSY) program. This requires huge
quantities of road construction materials both for
construction and maintenance of roads. Use of
local soil and conventional aggregates for road
construction needs to be reduced as it affects our
environment. Also, the conventional soil and good
quality aggregates are also depleting very fast
especially in an urban area, and have to be brought
from large distances, increasing tremendously,
the cost of the project. The Municipal solid waste
fills which has its presence all over the country
is considered to be a potential source of road
construction material especially for bulk utilisation
in the construction of embankment. The municipal
solid waste can be segregated/processed before
using it as an embankment material. No literature
is available worldwide regarding the utilisation
of such segregated MSW in the construction of
embankment. The paper summarizes the technical
know-how about the methodology of segregation,
results of geotechnical characteristics of segregated
MSW and after detailed stability and settlement