Fluconazole is a synthetic azole antifungal that interferes with ergosterol formation in fungi. It is well absorbed orally or intravenously and widely distributed throughout the body, including into the cerebrospinal fluid. Fluconazole has a half life of 20-30 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. It can interact with other drugs metabolized by the liver like cyclosporine and warfarin. Fluconazole is generally well tolerated but can rarely cause serious side effects like liver problems or blood abnormalities and should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.
Fluconazole is a synthetic azole antifungal that interferes with ergosterol formation in fungi. It is well absorbed orally or intravenously and widely distributed throughout the body, including into the cerebrospinal fluid. Fluconazole has a half life of 20-30 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. It can interact with other drugs metabolized by the liver like cyclosporine and warfarin. Fluconazole is generally well tolerated but can rarely cause serious side effects like liver problems or blood abnormalities and should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.
Fluconazole is a synthetic azole antifungal that interferes with ergosterol formation in fungi. It is well absorbed orally or intravenously and widely distributed throughout the body, including into the cerebrospinal fluid. Fluconazole has a half life of 20-30 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. It can interact with other drugs metabolized by the liver like cyclosporine and warfarin. Fluconazole is generally well tolerated but can rarely cause serious side effects like liver problems or blood abnormalities and should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.
Fluconazole is a synthetic azole antifungal that interferes with ergosterol formation in fungi. It is well absorbed orally or intravenously and widely distributed throughout the body, including into the cerebrospinal fluid. Fluconazole has a half life of 20-30 hours and is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. It can interact with other drugs metabolized by the liver like cyclosporine and warfarin. Fluconazole is generally well tolerated but can rarely cause serious side effects like liver problems or blood abnormalities and should be used cautiously in patients with hepatic or renal impairment.
CLINICAL: Systemic antifungal. General Action Interferes with cytochrome P-450 activity, an enzyme necessary for ergosterol formation. Therapeutic Effect: Directly damages fungal membrane, altering its function. Fungistatic. Pharmocokinetics Well absorbed from GI tract. Widely distributed, including to CSF. Protein binding: 11%. Partially metabolized in liver. Excreted unchanged primarily in urine. Partially removed by hemodialysis. Halflife: 20–30 hrs (increased in renal impairment). Interactions DRUG: High fluconazole dosages increase cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus concentrations. Isoniazid, rifampin may increase drug metabolism. May increase concentration/effects of oral antidiabetic medication. May decrease metabolism of phenytoin, warfarin. HERBAL: None significant. FOOD: None known. LAB VALUES: May increase serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, ALT, AST. Indications/Routes/Dosage PO and IV therapy equally effective; IV therapy for pt intolerant of drug or unable to take orally. Oral suspension stable for 14 days at room temperature or refrigerated. Usual Dosage PO/IV: ADULTS, ELDERLY: 150 mg once or loading dose: 200–800 mg. Maintenance dose: 200–800 mg once daily. CHILDREN AND NEONATES: Loading dose: 6–12 mg/kg. Maintenance dose: 3–12 mg/kg once daily. Maximum: 600 mg/day. Dosage in Renal Impairment After a loading dose of 400 mg, daily dosage is based on creatinine clearance. Creatinine Clearance Dosage Greater than 50 ml/min 100% 50 ml/min or less 50% Dialysis 50% CCRT 400–800 mg as loading dose CVVH then 200–800 mg/ day CVVHDF 400–800 mg as loading dose, then 400–800 mg/ day Dosage in Hepatic Impairment No dose adjustment.