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Reversible-Reactions-Equilibrium-And-Le-Chateliers-Principle Poster-18
Reversible-Reactions-Equilibrium-And-Le-Chateliers-Principle Poster-18
Reversible chemical reactions reach equilibrium in closed systems (no substances added or lost). Here’s how different conditions affect that equilibrium.
˚C Pa
A+B C+D TEMPERATURE INCREASED PRESSURE INCREASED
REACTANT CONCENTRATION INCREASED
1
The size of the hole and
A + 2B C+D A + 2B C+D A + 2B C+D
(decreases temperature) (more gas molecules on left)
pile of dirt stay the same. REDUCES PRODUCT CONCENTRATION ENDOTHERMIC INCREASES PRESSURE
Increasing concentration of one side favours the other. If the forward reaction is exothermic, the backward If the number of gas molecules is the same on either side,
reaction will be endothermic, and vice versa. then changing pressure will have no effect.
LE CHÂTELIER’S PRINCIPLE
PRODUCT CONCENTRATION INCREASED TEMPERATURE DECREASED ˚C PRESSURE DECREASED Pa
An analogy for changing equilibrium conditions
# ˚C Pa
The equilibrium position shifts to The equilibrium position shifts The equilibrium position shifts
reduce the product concentration. to increase the temperature. to increase the pressure.
REACTION FORMING THE EXOTHERMIC REACTION EXO SIDE OF REACTION WITH MORE
Le Châtelier’s principle states that when
REACTANTS FAVOURED # WILL BE FAVOURED GAS MOLECULES FAVOURED
In the example above the new In the example above the new In the example above the new
a change is made to the conditions of a equilibrium mixture will contain a equilibrium mixture will contain equilibrium mixture will contain
dynamic equilibrium, the system moves to higher concentration of A and B. more C and D, and less A and B. more A and B, and less C and D.
counteract the change, causing changes in
quantities of reactants and products.
Note: using a catalyst increases the rate of both the forwards and backwards reactions but doesn’t change the equilibrium position.